Ahmadou Bamba Mbacke (, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabīb Allāh, 1853–1927) also known to followers as Khādimu 'al-Rasūl () or "The Servant of the Messenger" and Serigne Touba or "Sheikh of Tuubaa", was a Sufi saint (Wali) and religious leader in Senegal and the founder of the large Mouride Brotherhood (the Muridiyya). Mbacke produced poems and tracts on meditation, rituals, work, and Quranic study. He led a pacifist struggle against the French colonial empire travelling across the Atlantic Ocean while not waging outright war on the French like several prominent Tijani marabouts had done. Early life Ahmadou Bamba was born in 1853 in the village of Mbacké (Mbàkke Bawol in Wolof) in Baol, the son of Habibullah Bouso Mbacke, a Marabout from the Qadiriyya, the oldest tariqa (Sufi order) in Senegal, and Maryam Bousso. Family and genealogy Bamba was the second son of Maam Mor Anta Saly Mbacke and Maam Mariyama Bousso. Both of his parents were descended from the well-known patriarch Maam Mahram Mbacke, with their ancestors hailing from Fouta, northern Senegal. The following list of ancestors, descendants, and companions of Sheikh Bamba has been adapted from Mbacke (2016). Ancestors: Maam Mor Anta Saly Mbacke (father). His Teacher was Muhammad Sall, who hailed from Bamba village. Mame Diarra Bousso (Mama Diaara Bousso) (mother). Her family came from Golléré, a village near Fouta and Mbacké. Today, Mama Diaara is celebrated annually by hundreds of thousands of pilgrims at Porokhane, where she remains buried. Maam Mor Anta Saly (Mama Diaara Bousso's father) was a highly respected Islamic scholar. Maam Balla Aicha (paternal grandfather). He was the youngest son of Maam Mahram. Maam Mahram Mbacke (paternal great-grandfather). He was both a well-known qadi and the founder of Mbacké. El Hadji Malick Sy Tidiane (great-great-grandson of Maam Mahram Mbacke). El Hadji Malick Sy Tidiane's paternal grandmother was Maam Maty Mbacke (the daughter of Mame Thierno Farimata Mbacke, who was Maam Mahram Mbacke's son). Descendants: Sheikh Bachir Mouhamadoul (son) was Amadou Bamba's biographer. Sheikh Mouhamadou Lamine Bara Mbacke (1891-1936). Third son. Serigne Sidi Moukhtar Mbacké (grandson). Seventh caliph of the Mouride Brotherhood. Son of Sheikh Mouhamadou Lamine Bara Mbacke. Sheikh Mouhamadoul Bachir (1895–1966). Fourth son. Serigne Moustapha Mbacke Bassirou (grandson). Eldest son of Sheikh Mouhamadoul Bachir. He modernized Porokhane village, founded the Maam Diaara foundation, and set up a girls' boarding school in Porokhane that can accommodate 400 students. Serigne Mouhamadou Moustapha Mbacké (son).