schweinfurthii Baker Gladiolus scullyi Baker Gladiolus sekukuniensis P.J.D.Winter Gladiolus sempervirens G.J.Lewis Gladiolus serapiiflorus Goldblatt Gladiolus serenjensis Goldblatt Gladiolus sericeovillosus Hook. f. Gladiolus serpenticola Goldblatt & J.C. Manning Gladiolus somalensis Goldblatt & Thulin Gladiolus speciosus Thunb. Gladiolus splendens (Sweet) Herbert Gladiolus stefaniae Oberm. Gladiolus stellatus G. Lewis Gladiolus stenolobus Goldblatt Gladiolus stenosiphon Goldblatt Gladiolus stokoei G.J.Lewis Gladiolus subcaeruleus G. Lewis Gladiolus sudanicus Goldblatt Gladiolus sufflavus (G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning Gladiolus sulculatus Goldblatt Gladiolus symonsii F.Bolus Gladiolus szovitsii Grossh. Gladiolus taubertianus Schltr. Gladiolus tenuis M. Bieb. Gladiolus teretifolius Goldblatt & De Vos Gladiolus trichonemifolius Ker Gawl. (sect. Homoglossum) Gladiolus triphyllus (Sm.) Ker Gawl. Gladiolus tristis L. (sect. Homoglossum) Gladiolus tshombeanus P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal Gladiolus uitenhagensis Goldblatt & Vlok Gladiolus undulatus L. (sect. Blandus) – large white Afrikaner, wall gladiolus Gladiolus unguiculatus Baker Gladiolus usambarensis Marais ex Goldblatt Gladiolus uysiae L. Bolus ex G. Lewis Gladiolus vaginatus Bolus f. (sect. Homoglossum) Gladiolus vandermerwei (L. Bolus) Goldblatt & De Vos Gladiolus variegatus (G.J.Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning Gladiolus varius Bolus f. Gladiolus velutinus De Wild. Gladiolus venustus G. Lewis (sect. Hebea) Gladiolus verdickii De Wild. & T.Durand Gladiolus vernus Oberm. Gladiolus vigilans Barnard Gladiolus vinosomaculatus Kies Gladiolus violaceolineatus G.J.Lewis Gladiolus virescens Thunb. (sect. Hebea) Gladiolus virgatus Goldblatt & J.C.Manning Gladiolus viridiflorus G. Lewis Gladiolus watermeyeri L.Bolus (sect. Hebea) Gladiolus watsonioides Baker – Mackinder's gladiolus Gladiolus watsonius Thunb. (sect. Homoglossum) Gladiolus wilsonii (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning Gladiolus woodii Baker Gladiolus zambesiacus Baker Gladiolus zimbabweensis Goldblatt Known hybrids include: Gladiolus × colvillii (G. cardinalis × G. tristis): Colville's gladiolus Gladiolus × gandavensis (G. dalenii × G. oppositiflorus) (sect. Ophiolyza) Gladiolus × hortulanus Cultivation In temperate zones, the corms of most species and hybrids should be lifted in autumn and stored over winter in a frost-free place, then replanted in spring. Some species from Europe and high altitudes in Africa, as well as the small 'Nanus' hybrids, are much hardier (to at least ) and can be left in the ground in regions with sufficiently dry winters. 'Nanus' is hardy to Zones 5–8. The large-flowered types require moisture during the growing season, and must be individually staked as soon as the sword-shaped flower heads appear. The leaves must be allowed to die down naturally before lifting and storing the corms. Plants are propagated either from small cormlets produced as offsets by the parent corms, or from seed. In either case, they take several years to