insurgents or terrorists, which do not meet the requirements laid down by the Third Geneva Convention of 1949 such as being part of a chain of command, wearing a "fixed distinctive marking, visible from a distance", bearing arms openly, and conducting military operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war. The legality of this refusal has been questioned and cases are pending in the U.S. courts. In the Hamdan v. Rumsfeld court case, on June 29, 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the captives at Guantanamo Bay detention camp were entitled to the minimal protections listed under Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions. This is under dispute. Other captives, including Saddam Hussein, have been accorded POW status. The International Red Cross has been permitted to visit at least some sites. Many prisoners were held in secret locations (black sites) around the world. The identified sites are listed below: Abu Ghraib prison – 32 km west of Baghdad, Iraq Bagram Air Base – near Charikar in Parvan, Afghanistan Camp Bucca – near Umm Qasr, Iraq Camp Delta – Guantanamo Bay, Cuba See also List of World War II prisoner-of-war camps in the United States American Civil War prison camps Finnish Civil War prison camps Internment camp List of prisoner-of-war escapes List of World War II POW camps Military prison Eden Camp Museum Notes and references Bibliography Burnham, Philip. So Far from Dixie: Confederates in Yankee Prisons (2003) Byrne, Frank L., "Libby Prison: A Study in Emotions," Journal of Southern History 1958 24(4): 430–444. in JSTOR Cloyd, Benjamin G. Haunted by Atrocity: Civil War Prisons in American Memory (Louisiana State University Press; 2010) 272 pages.traces shifts in Americans' views of the brutal treatment of soldiers in both Confederate and Union prisons, from raw memories in the decades after the war to a position that deflected responsibility. Horigan, Michael. Elmira: Death Camp of the North (2002) Imprisonment and detention Total institutions