2002. Juries In criminal law jury trials, many jurisdictions require a guilty verdict by a jury to be unanimous. This is not so in civil law jury trials. The United States Supreme Court ruled in Apodaca v. Oregon that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment does not require jury unanimity in state courts, with a concurring opinion that the Sixth Amendment to the Constitution mandates unanimity for a guilty verdict in a federal court jury trial. Notwithstanding this, many U.S. states do require jury unanimity for a finding of guilty; for example, article 21 of the Maryland Constitution's Declaration of Rights states: In England and Wales, since the Juries Act 1974, a guilty verdict may be returned where not more than 2 jurors dissent. In Ramos v. Louisiana (2020), the United States Supreme Court ruled that guilty verdicts for criminal trials must be unanimous. See also Consensus decision-making Liberum veto Unanimous consent Unanimous fairness References Voting Group decision-making