the "voice of the people" rather than the author's ideas. The A-text ended with: I am worse than all men; but may the founder of the world grant me relief through a priest. Amen The B-text replaces this couplet with a prose transition to Cronica Tripertita. Macaulay observed that conclusion has been altered to be a fitting form of introduction for the Chronica Tripertita which comes in as an appendix added in later years. Chronica Tripertita Chronica Tripertita is a 1,062 line Latin poem in leonine hexameter. It was published in the manuscripts of Wickert's B-text. Fisher summarizes the content as "Lancastrian propaganda under the guise of history. Three parts deal with different historical events. The first part treats the events of 1387-88 (Merciless Parliament). "Instead of calling his historical personages by name, Gower follows the literary convention of using heraldic terms, especially those based upon the names of birds and animals." "the King's party are throughout called greedy, treacherous plotters, and the Appellants model Englishmen." The second part skips to 1397 where Richard exacted his revenge. The final parts describes the events of 1399 when Henry supplanted Richard as king. "Gower ... approaches his material directly, with no allegory in his way." Explication Vox Clamantis in Deserto ("A voice of one crying in the wilderness") alludes to the Vulgate translation of the Gospel of Mark and of the Gospel of John (where the voice is that of John the Baptist), quoting the Book of Isaiah . The account of this sermon in Luke 3:1-14 provided the outline for Gower's original Vox Clamantis (without Visio). Translations verse, Books II-VII omitted prose, includes Chronica Tripertita verse, Book VI only The Norton Anthology Introduction Online Books III-V (abridged) References 14th-century poems Peasants' Revolt 14th-century Latin books