industrial development compared to Protestant areas, and that even Weber wrote that "fully developed capitalism had appeared in Europe" long before the Reformation. As British historian Hugh Trevor-Roper stated, the concept that "large-scale industrial capitalism was ideologically impossible before the Reformation is exploded by the simple fact that it existed". Andersen et al found that the location of monasteries of the Catholic Order of Cistercians, and specifically their density, highly correlated to this work ethic in later centuries; ninety percent of these monasteries were founded before the year 1300 AD. Joseph Henrich found that this correlation extends right up to the twenty-first century. Pastor John Starke writes that the Protestant work ethic "multiplied myths about Protestantism, Calvinism, vocation, and capitalism. To this day, many believe Protestants work hard so as to build evidence for salvation." Others have connected the concept of a Protestant work ethic to racist ideals. Civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr. said: See also Achievement ideology Anglo-Saxon economy Critical responses to Weber Critique of work Imperial German influence on Republican Chile Industrial Revolution Laziness Merton thesis Pray and work Predestination in Calvinism Prussian virtues Refusal of work Sloth (deadly sin) Underclass Notes References Further reading Sascha O. Becker and Ludger Wossmann. "Was Weber Wrong? A Human Capital Theory of Protestant Economics History". Munich Discussion Paper No. 2007-7, January 22, 2007. Robert Green, editor. The Weber Thesis Controversy. D.C. Heath, 1973, covers some of the criticism of Weber's theory. Haller, William. "Milton and the Protestant Ethic." Journal of British Studies 1.1 (1961): 52-57 [www.jstor.org/stable/175098 online]. Max Weber. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. Chas. Scribner's sons, 1959. Van Hoorn, André, and Robbert Maseland. "Does a Protestant work ethic exist? Evidence from the well-being effect of unemployment." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 91 (2013): 1-12. External links Work ethic Max Weber Sociological theories Economy and Christianity Christian ethics Work