receive the broadcast of West Germany's ARD (now known as Das Erste) from either Ochsenkopf or West Berlin, despite the best efforts of West German broadcasters to cover the whole of the East. This led to Dresden and the surrounding area being called "Tal der Ahnungslosen" ("The Valley of the Clueless"), because its citizens only had access to the propaganda of East Germany . ARD was said to stand for "Außer ("except") Rügen und Dresden" or rather "Außer Raum Dresden" ("except/outside of Dresden area"). The two East German programmes were replaced upon reunification by ARD and MDR Fernsehen, respectively, with ZDF broadcasts commencing on channel 46. All analogue transmissions of public stations from the tower ended on 22 July 2007. Analogue transmission of the commercial networks, which began with reunification, ended at different times. Broadcasts of RTL on channel 43 ended in 1995, when it was replaced by VOX. This was followed by the switchoff of Sat.1 on channel 48 in 2002, and finally VOX in 2004. Digital television (DVB-T) UHF 29 (538 MHz): Regional third programmes MDR RBB WDR BR UHF 36 (594 MHz): ZDF programming ZDF 3sat KI.KA/ZDFdokukanal ZDFinfokanal UHF 39 (618 MHz): ARD programming Das Erste arte Phoenix EinsFestival Tourism Until its renovation in 1991 by Deutsche Telekom (German Telecom) and the closing-down of the GDR state-owned company which ran the HO Restaurant, the public could reach the tower by two elevators. Within the public area was a two-story restaurant with 132 seats at a height of 145 metres and above that was an observation platform. Annually, there were around 200,000 visitors enjoying the view over the Elbe valley and Dresden. The renovations of the elevators, for a second escape route, for air conditioning and building services, catering and parking would cost 8 million euros. It is estimated that an economical enterprise would only be possible with 500,000 visitors per year. See also List of towers Sources External links Verein "Fernsehturm Dresden" Towers completed in 1969 Observation towers in Saxony Communication towers in Germany Buildings and structures in Dresden Landmarks in Germany Tourist attractions in Dresden Restaurant towers 1969 establishments in East Germany