and New South Wales. Queensland, the Northern Territory and the ACT are also looking into their use. Austria Interlock systems were introduced in 2017. Belgium Laws permitting judges to impose the use of interlock devices on convicted drunk drivers permitted their use from 2010, however by 2016 it had only been used in 55 cases. The cost, €3,500 to be paid by the driver, is a deterrent to its use. From 2017 the device may be paid from the fines imposed on the driver and in addition it may become compulsory for repeat offenders. Canada Some provinces, such as Ontario, Quebec, and Manitoba require any person convicted of drunk driving or refusing to provide a breath sample, to install an ignition interlock device into any vehicle he or she owns or operates, for a specified period of time (or for life), depending on the number of prior drunk driving offenses. After so many drunk driving convictions, some provinces, such as Nova Scotia, will impose a lifetime driving ban, with no possibility of license reinstatement. Ontario courts, however, have the power to enact lifetime driving bans, with no possibility of reinstatement, after so many Criminal Code driving convictions. Under such circumstances, ignition interlock conditions are not put in place on the person's license. Finland In Finland, trial began in 2005. Entry into force is in 2008. It costs around 2400 euros for one year, 1920 euros for two years or 1440 euros for three years. Only 5.7% of the drivers re-offended instead of 30% without the program. Relevant administration is the Finnish Transport and Communications Agency Traficom. In Finland, there are 1 000 drivers with Ignition interlock device program. France In France, 1,500 Ignition interlock devices were installed. Netherlands From December 2011 the Netherlands started to use an interlock device for offenders who were caught with a blood alcohol level over a certain limit. The process which had over 5,000 participants was cancelled in 2015 due to legal and technical problems. New Zealand Alcohol interlock devices became a sentencing option in New Zealand in August 2012. In December 2012, it was reported that the first device had been installed. Sweden Alcohol interlock devices are used in buses at least in Stockholm. United States As of 2012, all 50 states have laws permitting the imposition of ignition-interlock devices as sentencing alternatives for drunk drivers. It is estimated that the United States could