South Africa, Zambia, Uganda (in 2001) and Fiji (in 2002). However, some former colonies in the Caribbean have reinstated flogging with the cat. Antigua and Barbuda reinstated it in 1990, followed by the Bahamas in 1991 (where, however, it was subsequently banned by law) and Barbados in 1993 (only to be formally declared inhumane and thus unconstitutional by the Barbados Supreme Court). Trinidad and Tobago never banned the "cat". Under the Corporal Punishment (Offenders over Sixteen) Act 1953, use of the "cat" was limited to male offenders over the age of 16. The age limit was raised in 2000 to 18. The Government of Trinidad and Tobago has been accused of torture and "cruel, inhuman and degrading" treatment of prisoners, and in 2005 was ordered by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights to pay US$50,000 for "moral damages" to a prisoner who had received 15 strokes of the "cat" plus expenses for his medical and psychological care; it is unclear whether the Court's decisions were implemented. Trinidad and Tobago did not acknowledge the Court's jurisdiction, since it had denounced the American Convention on Human Rights several years before the Court started hearing this case. See also Cattail plant BDSM Flagellation Scourge Tawse Whip References Further reading William Congreve's Love for Love and the first mention of cat of nine tails in literature see page 32 and the fourth dialogue down spoken by Ben CORporalPUNishment website – here an illustrated example among many other articles, mainly on the adult cat EtymologyOnLine Joseph W. Bean, Flogging, Greenery Press, 2000. . Inter-American Court of Human Rights orders Trinidad to pay compensation for flogging and humiliation of prisoners in March 2005 Amnesty International report on use of the Cat o' nine tails on 6 Oct. 2006 in Bahamas Amnesty International report recording use of Cat o' nine tails on woman and young boy in Trinidad Inter-American Court of Human Rights' decisions and documents External links Pictures of cat o'nine tails in the UK Royal Navy 17th-century neologisms Whips Corporal punishments English inventions