411 nomenclature highlighted the fuel injection with the suffix 'E' (for Einspritzung). Revisions in 1969 also included replacement of the single oval headlights with twin round headlights. The Type 4's battery was located under the left hand front seat. All models featured ventless driver and front passenger windows, notched on their leading edge to provide draught-free ventilation, no cost metallic paint, radial ply tires, full carpeting, clock, electric rear window demister, flow-through ventilation, undercoating, and a thermostatically controlled auxiliary heating system, specifically, a gasoline-operated heater model BA4 by Eberspächer, fired by a spark plug, accessible from a hidden rear window deck plate. The 411 was also assembled in South Africa beginning in 1969, in two- or four-door configurations. The four-door only came as a DeLuxe and was available with an optional automatic transmission, while the two-door was available either as a Standard or a DeLuxe. In 1968, Karmann exhibited a prototype for a 411-based cabriolet, but this was not put into production. 412 The 412 replaced the 411 in August 1972 in Germany, having been restyled by designer Brooks Stevens. Halogen lights were fitted, the headlight surround was reshaped and the nose panels were redesigned. In August 1973 (for the 1974 model year), the engine capacity was raised to 1795 cc and fuel management reverted to a twin carburettor system; the 412LE was renamed 412LS. This was to be the last model year for the 412, with production ending in June 1974. The visual design of the Volkswagen 412 Variant was retained when the Brazilian Type 3 models TL, Variant, Variant II, and later Brazilian Variant-based Volkswagen Brasilia were produced in Brazil, primarily for the Latin American markets. In February 1974 on the German market, the four-door 412L was priced at DM 10,995 (DM 11,145 for the 412 LS). The 412 was also built in South Africa from 1972 to 1974. The specification varied from European models with the omission of the Petrol heater, no rear window de-fogger as standard and with different paint options and interior trim. A total of 34,452 Type 4's (411 and 412) were produced in South Africa between 1969 and 1974. Data Sources and further reading Type 4 Cars powered by boxer engines Cars introduced in 1968 1970s cars Rear-wheel-drive vehicles Rear-engined vehicles Sedans Station wagons