1, 6, 10, 13 and 20. There were four United States' genotyping centres: a team led by Mark Chee and Arnold Oliphant at Illumina Inc. in San Diego (studying chromosomes 8q, 9, 18q, 22 and X), a team led by David Altshuler and Mark Daly at the Broad Institute in Cambridge, USA (chromosomes 4q, 7q, 18p, Y and mitochondrion), a team led by Richard Gibbs at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston (chromosome 12), and a team led by Pui-Yan Kwok at the University of California, San Francisco (chromosome 7p). To obtain enough SNPs to create the Map, the Consortium funded a large re-sequencing project to discover millions of additional SNPs. These were submitted to the public dbSNP database. As a result, by August 2006, the database included more than ten million SNPs, and more than 40% of them were known to be polymorphic. By comparison, at the start of the project, fewer than 3 million SNPs were identified, and no more than 10% of them were known to be polymorphic. During Phase II, more than two million additional SNPs were genotyped throughout the genome by David R. Cox, Kelly A. Frazer and others at Perlegen Sciences and 500,000 by the company Affymetrix. Data access All of the data generated by the project, including SNP frequencies, genotypes and haplotypes, were placed in the public domain and are available for download. This website also contains a genome browser which allows to find SNPs in any region of interest, their allele frequencies and their association to nearby SNPs. A tool that can determine tag SNPs for a given region of interest is also provided. These data can also be directly accessed from the widely used Haploview program. Publications Secko, David (2005). "Phase I of the HapMap Complete" . The Scientist See also Genealogical DNA test The 1000 Genomes Project Population groups in biomedicine Human Variome Project Human genetic variation References External links International HapMap Project (HapMap Homepage) National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) HapMap Page Browsing HapMap Data Using the Genome Browser The Mexican Genome Diversity Project Human genome projects Genetic genealogy projects Genealogy websites Biological databases Open science Single-nucleotide polymorphisms Genome projects