Appalachian Mountains. Legacy The legacy of the Plantation remains disputed. According to one interpretation, it created a society segregated between native Catholics and settler Protestants in Ulster and created a Protestant and British concentration in north east Ireland. This argument therefore sees the Plantation as one of the long-term causes of the Partition of Ireland in 1921, as the north-east remained as part of the United Kingdom in Northern Ireland. The densest Protestant settlement took place in the eastern counties of Antrim and Down, which were not part of the Plantation, whereas Donegal, in the west, was planted but did not become part of Northern Ireland. Therefore, it is also argued that the Plantation itself was less important in the distinctiveness of the North East of Ireland than natural population flow between Ulster and Scotland. A. T. Q. Stewart concluded, "The distinctive Ulster-Scottish culture, isolated from the mainstream of Catholic and Gaelic culture, would appear to have been created not by the specific and artificial plantation of the early seventeenth century, but by the continuous natural influx of Scottish settlers both before and after that episode..." The Plantation of Ulster is also widely seen as the origin of mutually antagonistic Catholic/Irish and Protestant/British identities in Ulster. Richard English has written that, "not all of those of British background in Ireland owe their Irish residence to the Plantations... yet the Plantation did produce a large British/English interest in Ireland, a significant body of Irish Protestants who were tied through religion and politics to English power." However, going on surnames, others have concluded that Protestant and Catholic are poor guides to whether people's ancestors were settlers or natives of Ulster in the 17th century. The settlers also left a legacy in terms of language. The strong Ulster Scots accent originated through the speech of lowland Scots settlers evolving and being influenced by both Hiberno-English and Irish. Seventeenth century English settlers also contributed colloquial words that are still in current use in Ulster. See also Scotch-Irish Americans Scottish names in Ulster References Bibliography Adamson, Dr. I.: The Identity of Ulster. Bangor, Pretani Press. Third Impression, 1995. Bardon, J.: A History of Ulster. Belfast, Blackstaff Press. New Updated Edition, 2001. Canny, Nicholas, Making Ireland British 1580–1650, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2003. Chart, D.A.: A History of Northern Ireland. The Educational Co. Ltd., 1928. Cullen, Karen, Famine in Scotland: The 'Ill Years' of the 1690s