and found again on a nearby island in the Chatham Islands in 1987. Crustaceans Short-tailed rain crayfish (Ombrastacoides parvicaudatus) Arachnids Alopecosa fabrilis Fish Batman River Loach, a loach species not seen since 1970s. Rediscovered in 2021. Black kokanee (Oncorhynchus nerka kawamurae), a Japanese species of salmon in the family Salmonidae; believed extinct in 1940 after attempts at conservation seemingly failed. The species was rediscovered in Lake Saiko in 2010, having survived after prior conservation efforts had introduced it there. Shark Smoothtooth blacktip shark (Carcharhinus leiodon), a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae; known only from a specimen caught in 1902, the shark was rediscovered at a fish market in 2008. Pondicherry shark Whitetip weasel shark Flapnose houndshark Ornate sleeper-ray Amphibians Armoured frog (Litoria lorica), a species of frog in the family Hylidae; first discovered in 1976, until its rediscovery in 2008. Ansonia latidisca (Sambas stream toad, Borneo rainbow toad) in the family Bufonidae; first discovered in 1924, until its rediscovery in 2011. Starry night toad (Atelopus arsyecue), not seen for over 30 years until rediscovery in 2019. Painted frog (Atelopus ebenoides marinkellei), a species of true toad in the family Bufonidae, believed to be extinct since 1995, until it was rediscovered in 2006. Atelopus ignescens (Jambato toad, Quito stubfoot toad), a species of toad in the family Bufonidae; thought to be extinct since its last recorded sighting in 1988, until its rediscovery in 2016. Atelopus laetissimus, a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. Atelopus longirostris Mindo harlequin frog (Atelopus mindoensis) San Lorenzo harlequin frog (Atelopus nahumae), a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. Atelopus varius a toad endemic to the Talamancan montane forests, between Costa Rica and Panama. Booroolong frog (Ranoidea booroolongensis) Hula painted frog (Discoglossus nigriventer), the only living member of the genus Latonia; thought to be extinct in the 1950s, until it was rediscovered in 2011. American cinchona plantation treefrog (Isthmohyla rivularis), a rare species of frog in the family Hylidae; thought to have become extinct, until its rediscovery in 2007. Bolivian Cochran frog (Nymphargus bejaranoi), not seen for over 18 years until its rediscovery in early 2020. Black jumping salamander (Ixalotriton niger), a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae; believed to be extinct, until rediscovered in 2000 and again in 2006 and 2007. Confusing rocket frog (Ectopoglossus confusus), thought to be extinct in 1989 until it was rediscovered in 2016. Large-crested toad