The Chapacuran languages are a nearly extinct Native American language family of South America. Almost all Chapacuran languages are extinct, and the four that are extant are moribund. They are spoken in Rondônia in the southern Amazon Basin of Brazil and in northern Bolivia. According to Kaufman (1990), the Chapacuran family could be related to the extinct Wamo language. Languages Angenot (1997) List of Chapacuran languages from Angenot (1997): Spoken in Brazil: Torá Urupá Jarú Jamará Oro Win Wariʼ (Pakaas Novos) Tapoaya Kutiana Matáwa (Matáma) Kumana (Cautario) Uomo Urunamakan Kujuna Pawumwa-Wanyam Abitana-Wanyam Kabishi-Wanyam Miguelenho-Wanyam Spoken in Bolivia: Moré (Iten) Muré Itoreauhip Rokorona Herisobokono Chapakura (Huachi, Tapakura) Kitemoka (Kitemo) Napeka (Nape) Kusikia-Manasi Birchall (2013) Birchall et al. (2013) classify the dozen known Chapacuran languages as follows: Chapacuran Kitemoka–Tapakura Chapacura † Quitemo † Moreic–Waric Moreic–Tor Nuclear More Itene (90 speakers) Cumana (3 speakers) Torá † Waric Urupa–Yaru: Urupa † Yaru † Wanham–Wari–Oro Win Wanham † Wari–Oro Win Oro Win (5 speakers) Wari' (2,700 speakers) (position unclear) Napeca (Nape) † (position unclear) Rocorona (Ocorono) † All languages are rather closely related. Extinct languages for which Loukotka says 'nothing' is known, but which may have been Chapacuran, include Cujuna, Mataua, Urunumaca, and Herisobocono. Similarities with Mure appear to be loans. Birchall, Dunn & Greenhill (2016) Birchall, Dunn & Greenhill (2016) give the following phylogenetic tree of Chapacuran, based on a computational phylogenetic analysis. Language contact Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with the Irantxe, Puinave-Kak, and Arawa language families due to contact. Varieties Below is a full list of Chapacuran language varieties listed by Loukotka (1968), including names of unattested varieties. Chapacura / Huachi / Tapacura - extinct language once spoken on the Blanco River and around Lake Chitiopa, Santa Cruz province, Bolivia. Irene / Moré - spoken on the Guaporé River, Azul River, and Mamoré River, Beni province, Bolivia. Itoreauhip - spoken between the Guaporé River and Azul River in Bolivia. Quitemo - once spoken on the Uruvaito River, Santa Cruz province, Bolivia. Nape - once spoken in the same country on Lake Chitiopa. Mure - once spoken on the San Martín River in Bolivia. Rocorona - once spoken on the San Martín River. Herisebocon - once spoken on the Rapulo River near the old mission of San Borja, Bolivia. (Unattested.) Wañám / Huanyam / Pawumwa - spoken between the São Miguel River and São Domingo River, territory of Rondônia, Brazil.