concluded that the "Bees of A. m. mellifera (also the Augustowska line) demonstrated the strongest ability for cleaning comb cells from dead capped brood, however many of their behavioural characters did not promote the management of modern apiaries. The better solution would be rather the selection of lines with hygienic behaviour on the basis of Carniolan or Caucasian bees". A subsequent paper published by Kruitwagen et al. (2017) concluded that the grooming behavior itself did not lead to Varroa resistance and on average led to higher mite levels. Breeding for grooming behavior with the aim of achieving Varroa resistance is still promoted by A. m. mellifera organisations. Footnotes References External links Beekeeping Apis (genus) Western honey bee breeds Animal breeds on the GEH Red List Bees described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Subspecies