on family and religion. This was disputed by a holocaust historian, who said his statement was "an object lesson in the tactics these groups use to legitimise themselves through media manipulation". COVID-19 pandemic On the 20th of August 2021, Chapman and two other individuals appeared in the Christchurch District Court after they broke COVID-19 lockdown restrictions to protest those restrictions the day before in Christchurch. The three individuals were remanded in custody on charges of failing to comply with restrictions under the COVID-19 Public Health Response Act 2020. Organisations National Front Chapman is a former leader of the New Zealand National Front, leading the organisation from 1997 to 2005. In 2005, he resigned his role as the leader of the National Front. He said in interviews that his children were being shunned at school due to his activities. He also cited the harassment by left wing anti-NZNF groups as a factor in his departure. Right Wing Resistance In 2009 Chapman founded the Right Wing Resistance, a neo-Nazi group, in Christchurch with a group of white nationalists. Chapman reportedly knighted the members with a sword after they recited a pledge. The group's insignia was a skull over a Wolfsangel, with the notation "NA 14". Its introduction to the New Zealand public was its Christchurch street patrols in October 2009, which appeared to target Polynesian youths. RWR members engaged in street patrols in New Brighton with the stated purpose of preventing vandalism by youth street gangs. The mayor of Christchurch denounced their vigilante behavior. Its street patrols included from 5 to 15 members, who had shaved heads. Also in October 2009, Chapman organized a rally at the Wellington cenotaph. The group attempted to recruit further members in Auckland. Press coverage resulted from distributions of flyers comparing immigration to an invasion, which were called "despicable" by the Race Relations Commissioner. It also helped organise protests and other street activities alongside the National Front. During the 2011 general election campaign, members of the group disrupted a candidate's election meeting in Christchurch appearing in military-style clothing. They stated that they would protest at polling booths throughout New Zealand on election day; however, this did not happen. After the March 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings Chapman said he was no longer involved with this group. Right Wing Resistance was reported in November 2019 to have chapters in Australia, Sweden and Scotland. There is an Australian far-right extremist