swastika). See Federal Coat of Arms of Germany. Holocaust – post-war term (unknown to the Nazis) referring to the mass murder of Jews, Sinti-Roma, Slavs, and other undesirables (euthanized Germans; homosexuals, disabled people, chronically ill, criminals, ideological dissenters, etc.) under the Nazi regime during the period 1941–1945 throughout occupied Europe. As many as 6 million European Jews were systematically killed, as were members of other persecuted groups. Through concerted killing actions by Einsatzgruppen, mobile gassing units, and fixed institutions (Nazi concentration camps), the Nazis methodically killed upwards of 11 million or more people. Specific to the murder of the Jews, the Nazi regime employed the term Endlösung, short for Endlösung der Judenfrage ('final solution to the Jewish question'), a euphemism for what later became known as The Holocaust. Horst-Wessel-Lied – The "Horst Wessel Song", also known as Die Fahne hoch ("The Flag Up High") from its opening line, was the anthem of the Nazi Party from 1930 to 1945. From 1933 to 1945 the Nazis made it a co-national anthem of Nazi Germany, along with the first stanza of Deutschlandlied. I Ich klage an (I accuse) – German film (1941) based on the novel, Sendung und Gewissen (Mission and Conscience) by Hellmuth Unger, which served to justify euthanasia. The film's protagonist is a man facing a decision to kill his terminally ill wife who is suffering from multiple sclerosis and is begging her doctors and husband for death. Her husband accedes to his wife's dying wish and gives her poison, after which, he is charged with murder and is brought to trial. During the trial, the husband contends that it was a mercy killing and is acquitted. Death is established as a right and a moral duty. Commissioned by none other than Joseph Goebbels, the film's ultimate goal was to encourage public support for the T4 euthanasia program, an endeavor to remove financial and societal burdens by mercifully destroying Lebensunwertes Leben (Life unworthy of life, similar to Unnütze Esser), which ultimately precipitated the Final Solution. IG Farben was a German chemical industry conglomerate. Its name is taken from Interessen-Gemeinschaft Farbenindustrie AG (Syndicate [literally, "community of interests"] of dye-making corporations). Illustrierter Beobachter – NSDAP national tabloid. IMT (International Military Tribunal) – the court set up to judge major war criminals in the Nuremberg Trials at the end of World War II. It was composed of judges from France, the Soviet Union,