retention in Fennoscandia was found to have averaged 98–100% in males and 90-95% in females, making it amongst the most monogamous birds of prey of any order (or at least well-studied bird of prey species).Saurola, P. (1997). Monitoring Finnish owls 1982-1996: methods and results. 2nd Owl Symposium. Territories of Ural owls are on average about 3 times larger than those of tawny owls. In Sweden, about 3000 pairs of Urals are found in an area. In Finland, nests are usually somewhere between apart in wildland areas. Per Finnish data, the Ural owl had the second most nest found for an owl species from 1985-1989, with 901 nests second to the boreal owl with 2265 nests. In Croatia, different areas had anywhere from 1.1 to 5.4 pairs on average per with an estimated 700-1000 breeding pairs left in the estimated 37% of Croatia that is still forested. The peak Croatian population was recorded in Plitvice Lakes National Park, predominately in mixed fir-beech montane forest, which held about 38 breeding pairs. Breeding in Slovenia is at a mean elevation of , with altitude less important than habitat. Many forest types were used in Slovenia but fir-beech mixed forest were seen to be most often utilized. The highest Slovenian densities were around 2-3 pairs per for Mount Krim and around 4-5 pairs per for Snežnik. In 2016, it was estimated that Slovenia holds 400-700 pairs. Survey of the species in Silesian Beskids was done, where the population may represent a recent population expansion. With as many as three breeding attempts, Density was estimated at 0.6-0.9 pairs per , 3-10 times lower than other nearby ranges in eastern Europe like the Low Beskids and Bieszczady Mountains. A low density population was found for Pieniny National Park, Poland with 0.9-1.3 per . The average density in the Polish Kraków-Częstochowa Upland was 1 pair per . In the northern part of Moravia, Czech Republic, 3-5 pairs were recorded around the turn of the 21st century, an almost certain population increase.Čapek, M. (1991). A further nesting of Ural Owl, Strix uralensis, in the Moravskoslezské Beskydy mountains (northern Moravia, Czechoslovakia). Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A), 40: 89, 90. A population increase noted in the Roztocze area of the Ukraine, despite the forest being mixed rather than the subspecies' preferred beech dominant, now up to 1.7 pairs per . Where nest boxes were put up for Ural owls in