day in the history of the British Army, with over 19,000 British soldiers killed and 38,000 wounded. The Canadian part in the great battle, which was to last through to November, did not begin until September at Battle of Pozières and lasted through to October. It was on the Somme that the red patch was first worn as an identifying device—two inches by three inches and worn on both sleeves, this rectangle identified the wearer as belonging to the 1st Division. The insignia was also painted on steel trench helmets, and adorned with geometric shapes of different colours to further identify the soldier's specific battery, brigade, battalion or other subunit. The division began to prepare for the historic assault on Vimy Ridge, and took the time-honoured position of right of the line on 9 April 1917 when the corps took the ridge. Other gains were made in the days following the successful assault on the ridge, and the division participated in the monumental battle of Hill 70 in August 1917. The Third Battle of Ypres (Passchendaele) followed in mid-October, and fighting continued into November. The division served under Major-General Archibald Cameron Macdonell beginning in May; his command persisted until Armistice Day. Massive German offensives came in the spring of 1918, but the Canadian Corps—now considered crack assault troops—were held in reserve for the inevitable counter-offensives. "Canada's Hundred Days"—the last 100 days of the war—were marked by several Canadian successes, at Amiens, Arras (which included the Drocourt-Quéant Line), Canal du Nord and the Pursuit to Mons. The Armistice of 11 November 1918 finally brought the Great War to an end. Infantry units 1st Canadian Brigade: 1st Canadian Battalion (Ontario Regiment), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 2nd Canadian Battalion (Eastern Ontario Regiment), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 3rd Canadian Battalion (Toronto Regiment), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 4th (Central Ontario) Battalion, CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918. 2nd Canadian Brigade: 5th Battalion (Western Cavalry), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 6th Battalion (Fort Garrys), CEF. August 1914 – December 1914 (Became Canadian Cavalry Depot); 7th Canadian Battalion (1st British Columbia), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 8th Canadian Infantry Battalion (90th Regiment), CEF. August 1914 – November 11, 1918; 10th Battalion (Canadians), CEF. January 1915 – November 11, 1918. 3rd Canadian Brigade: 13th Battalion (Royal Highlanders of Canada), CEF. August 1914 – November