story is suspended at one point to tell the stories of Noah and Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac. Some scholars consider this change of subject a feature of the "epic style" comparable with the similar digressions in Beowulf, while others have proposed it is a later interpolation. Edward B. Irving edited the poem twice, 1955 and 1981: the first edition excerpted the Noah and Abraham portion as a separate poem; on later reflection, Irving recanted, admitting it was an integrated part of the Exodus poem. There appears to be justification in patristic sermons for connecting the crossing of the Red Sea with these topics. In recent decades, attention has shifted away from the "heroic" aspects of Exodus to consider its densely allusive structure and possible typology. Peter J. Lucas, for instance, has argued that the poem is an allegorical treatment of the Christian's fight with the devil. The Crossing of the Red Sea has been seen as echoing the Baptismal liturgy and prefiguring the entrance into Heaven. The Pharaoh may be associated with Satan through some subtle verbal echoes. However, these readings are still controversial and much-debated. A more balanced view would accept that though certain intermittent parts of the narrative of Exodus merge into typological allusion, this is not sustained throughout the poem. Daniel A short paraphrase of the book of Daniel, dwelling particularly on the story of the Fiery Furnace, deals with the first five chapters of the Book of Daniel. Christ and Satan A three-part poem detailing the Fall of Satan, Christ's harrowing of Hell (from the Apocryphal New Testament Gospel of Nicodemus), and Christ's temptation in the desert. Facsimiles The Cædmon manuscript of Anglo-Saxon Biblical poetry: Junius XI in the Bodleian , ed. by Israel Gollancz (London: Oxford University Press, 1927.) Digital facsimiles are available online and offline: A complete digital facsimile is available through digital Bodleian. A complete digital facsimile with copious annotations, transcriptions and translations was released on CD format in 2004: Editions Several poems from MS Junius 11 are edited to digital images of their manuscript pages, and translated, in the Old English Poetry in Facsimile Project See also Anglo-Saxon literature Exeter Book History of the English Bible Nowell Codex Old English Bible translations Vercelli Book References Further reading . . . . . External links Bodleian Medieval Manuscripts Catalogue Entry Encyclopædia Britannica Cædmon manuscript The Gutenberg project edition of Codex Junius 1655 books