January 1934. This formally de-federalized the German Reich and created a centralized state. Prussia and its provinces formally continued to exist, but the state Landtag and provincial assemblies were abolished and governance was placed under the direct control of a Reichsstatthalter (Reich Governor). The following is a summary of the changes in the Prussian provinces between 1919 and 1945: Berlin (in 1920 the city was considerably extended (Prussian Greater Berlin Act) at the expense of Brandenburg) Brandenburg (Berlin); regions: Frankfurt and East Prussia (Königsberg in Prussia); regions: Allenstein, Gumbinnen, Königsberg and West Prussia (1922-1939) Hanover (Hanover; in 1921 Pyrmont, previously a district of the Free State of Waldeck-Pyrmont, was merged in); regions: , Hanover, , Lüneburg, and Stade Hesse-Nassau (Kassel; in 1929 the Free State of Waldeck, previously a German state of its own, was merged in); regions: Kassel and Wiesbaden. In July 1944, the province was partitioned into two new provinces along the lines of its regions: the Province of Kurhessen (Kassel); region: Kassel; and the Province of Nassau (Wiesbaden); region: Wiesbaden. Hohenzollern (Sigmaringen); region: Sigmaringen Lower Silesia (Breslau; merged with the Province of Upper Silesia to form the unified Province of Silesia between 1938 and 1941); regions: and Liegnitz Pomerania (Stettin); regions: Köslin, Stettin, Posen-West Prussia (as of 1938) and Stralsund (till 1932) Posen-West Prussia (Schneidemühl; created in 1922 from parts of the provinces Posen and West Prussia that had not been ceded to Poland, the province was dissolved in 1938 with its territory being mainly incorporated into Pomerania, and two exclaves into Brandenburg and Silesia.); region: Rhineland (Düsseldorf as to provincial self-rule, Koblenz as to High Commissioner offices); regions: , Cologne, Düsseldorf, Koblenz and Trier Saxony (Magdeburg); regions: , Magdeburg and . In July 1944, the province was partitioned along the lines of its regions. Erfurt was ceded to Thuringia, while the bulk of the province was divided into the Province of Magdeburg (Magdeburg) and the Province of Halle-Merseburg (Merseburg) Schleswig-Holstein (Kiel; in 1920 Northern Schleswig was ceded to Denmark); region: Schleswig Upper Silesia (Oppeln [1919-1938], Kattowitz [1941-1945]; merged with the Province of Lower Silesia to form the unified Province of Silesia between 1938 and 1941); region: Oppeln Westphalia (Münster); regions: Arnsberg, Minden and Münster Prussia did not survive the defeat and the division of Germany following the end of World War II in 1945 and was formally abolished in February 1947. Several of its provinces attained