the PLME program enrolled in an admissions prep program. Students earn a Bachelor's degree in their concentration of choice after their fourth year and automatically enter the medical school to pursue their MD degree. Other programs Early Identification Program Since 1976, the Early Identification Program (EIP) was initiated to encourage Rhode Island residents to pursue careers in medicine by recruiting sophomores from Providence College, Rhode Island College and the University of Rhode Island. An EIP was also established with Tougaloo College to increase the number of underrepresented minorities in the medical school. Brown-Dartmouth Medical Program From 1981 to 2006, Brown offered a joint program with Dartmouth Medical School called the Brown-Dartmouth Medical Program. Approximately 15 students at Dartmouth Medical School enrolled in the program annually, spending the first two basic medical science years at Dartmouth and the next two years in clinical education at Brown, where they received their MD degree. The program was discontinued in the fall of 2006 after their respective deans stated that the institutions desired to move in their own directions. Combined degree programs leading to the MD/PhD, MD/MPH, MD/MPP, and MD-MSc degrees are currently offered in conjunction with Brown's Graduate School, School of Public Health, and Watson Institute. Notable alumni and faculty Faculty Notable faculty include oncological scientist, Wafik El-Deiry; president of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland, Patrick Aebischer; consultant to Bill Clinton's White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, David F. Duncan; prominent sleep researcher Mary Carskadon; 18th president of Mount Holyoke College, Lynn Pasquerella; neuropsychiatrist Barry S. Fogel; Nobel laureate Henry David Abraham; and principal innovator of the first artificial human ovary, Sandra Carson. Other notable faculty include Peter A. Stewart, who developed a quantitative physicochemical approach to understanding acid-base physiology; Edward Beiser, political scientist and medical ethicist; and Eli Y. Adashi, physician and academic. Alumni Notable alumni include Arthur L. Horwich (BA 1972, MD 1975), discoverer of the role of chaperonins in protein folding; Lloyd B. Minor ( Sc.B. 1979, MD 1982), Dean of Stanford University School of Medicine; Seth Berkley (BA 1977, MD 1981), founder and former President and CEO of the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative; Philip Kantoff (1976, MD 1979), former Chairman of Medicine at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Erica Schwartz (BSc 1994, MD 1998), Deputy Surgeon General of United States; Atul Butte (BA 1991, MD 1995) Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg Distinguished Professor at