of armatured cutouts, while his first feature La Planète sauvage (Fantastic Planet) (1973) is a rare example of unarmatured cutout animation The feature films of Karel Zeman (Czechoslovakia) combined cutout animation and landscapes with live actors The opening sequence of L'armata Brancaleone (1966), a film by Italian director Mario Monicelli, features cutout animation, made by the Italian Emanuele Luzzati Twice Upon a Time (1983), an animated movie directed by John Korty and produced by George Lucas, uses a form of cutout animation, which the filmmakers called "Lumage", that involved prefabricated cut-out plastic pieces that the animators moved on a light table The opening sequence of Weird Science (1985), a film by American director John Hughes South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut (1999) and Imaginationland: The Movie (2008) use computer animation to imitate cutout animation. Strange Frame (2012) relies primarily on an innovative cutout style combined with both traditional and 3D elements The Breadwinner (2017) uses digital animation to imitate cutout animation in the storyworld sequences. Television series John Ryan's Captain Pugwash (1957–1966, 1974–1975) used cardboard cutouts that were manipulated with levers in front of painted backgrounds while filmed real-time Oliver Postgate and Peter Firmin's Smallfilms created and produced Alexander the Mouse (1957–1958, lost), Ivor the Engine (1959, 1975–1977) and Noggin the Nog (1959–1965, 1982). Their initial animation system used magnets on cutouts to move the figures around during real-time broadcasting. Ten short episodes of an early black and white animated adaptation of Les Schtroumpfs (The Smurfs) (1961-1967) by TVA Dupuis used cutout animation for many of its characters. Monty Python's Flying Circus (1969) contained animation sketches with paper cut-out, as animated by Monty Python member Terry Gilliam David McKee's King Rollo (1980) Pigeon Street (1981) was created by Alan Rogers and Peter Lang, who would both go on to create animations for programmes like Words and Pictures, Numbertime, Rosie and Jim and Hotch Potch House the intro and outro of Charlie Chalk (1987) featured cutout animation, while the episodes featured stop motion puppetry Jan Sarkandr Tománek created several cutout animation series, including Medvěd 09 (Bear 09) (1988), Balabánci (1993), Dobrodružství pod vrbami (adaptation of The Wind in the Willows) (1999) Art And Animation Studio combined puppet and cutout animation in Hajadla (2006) Blue's Clues (1996-2006) used cutout animation for many of its characters South Park (since 1997) used construction paper cutouts in its first episode before switching to PowerAnimator and,