electromagnetic radiations from ultraviolet to infrared, to radiofrequency (including microwave) radiation, static and time-varying electric and magnetic fields, and ultrasound belong to the non-ionizing radiations. The charged particles mentioned above all belong to the ionizing radiations. When passing through matter, they ionize and thus lose energy in many small steps. The distance to the point where the charged particle has lost all its energy is called the range of the particle. The range depends upon the type of particle, its initial energy, and the material it traverses. Similarly, the energy loss per unit path length, the 'stopping power', depends on the type and energy of the charged particle and upon the material. The stopping power and hence, the density of ionization, usually increases toward the end of range and reaches a maximum, the Bragg Peak, shortly before the energy drops to zero. See also Geiger counter Ion chamber Nuclear engineering Nuclear physics Particle accelerator Particle decay Physics Proportional counter Radiation Radiation therapy Radioactivity Stopping power of radiation particles References External links Stopping power and energy loss straggling calculations of ion beams in solids by MELF-GOS model Radioactivity