a fixed rate. Culture Pellucidar is populated by primitive civilizations and prehistoric creatures, including dinosaurs. The region in which Innes and Perry initially find themselves is ruled by the Mahars, a species of intelligent pterosaurs resembling Rhamphorhynchus with vast psychic powers. The Mahars use telekinesis on the neighboring tribes of Stone Age humans as a way of securing their territory. Eventually, two explorers united the tribes in overthrowing the Mahars' reign and establish a human "Empire of Pellucidar" instead. While the Mahars are the dominant species in the Pellucidar novels, these creatures are usually confined to their handful of cities. Before their downfall, the Mahars used Sagoths (a race of gorilla-men who speak the same language as Tarzan's Mangani) in enforcing their rule over any tribes who disobeyed their orders. Though Burroughs' novels suggest that the Mahars' domain is limited to one relatively small region of Pellucidar, John Eric Holmes' authorized sequel Mahars of Pellucidar indicates there are other areas ruled by Mahars. Beyond the Mahars' domain exist independent human cultures, many of them at a Stone Age level of development. Technically, more advanced exceptions include the Korsars (corsairs), a maritime raiding society descended from surface-world Barbary pirates, and the Xexots, an indigenous Bronze Age civilization. All of the human inhabitants in Pellucidar share a common worldwide language. Wildlife Various animals reside in Pellucidar. Many of Pellucidar's fauna consist of prehistoric creatures, which are extinct on the surface world. However, some animals are creations of Edgar Rice Burroughs himself. They are listed below by outer world name (if known), Pellucidarian name (if known), and the novel in which they first appear, along with any relevant comments. Ant Bear - An elephant-sized orycteropodid which preys on the Giant Ants. It has no outer world equivalent and its Pellucidarian name is unknown. Antelopes - Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in At the Earth's Core. One antelope species resembles a common eland, with spiral horns curved to the back of their ears. It first appeared in At the Earth's Core. Apatosaurus - Pellucidarian name unknown. Archaeopteryx - Pellucidarian name unknown. It first appeared in Tarzan at the Earth's Core. Archelon (Tola) - It first appeared in At the Earth's Core. Aurochs (Thag) - It first appeared in At the Earth's Core. Aztarag - A sea creature which is nicknamed the "Tiger of the Sea". The Pellucidarian name for an unidentified outer world