rare case of inheriting land from a father who did not bear sons. Even "in such cases, women would be required to remarry within the tribe so as not to reduce its land holdings". Talmudic times Women are required by halacha to carry out all negative mitzvot (i. e., commandments that prohibit activities such as "Thou shalt not commit adultery"), but they are excused from doing most time-bound, positive mitzvot (i. e., commandments that prescribe ritual action that must be done at certain times such as hearing a shofar on Rosh Hashanah). A woman would not, however, be prohibited from doing a mitzvah from which she was excused. Halacha also provided women with some material and emotional protections related to marriage, and divorce that most non-Jewish women did not enjoy during the first millennium of the Common Era. The penal and civil law of the time treated men and women equally. There is evidence that, at least among the elite, women were educated in the Bible and in halacha. The daughter of a scholar was considered a good prospect for marriage in part because of her education. There are stories in the Talmud about women whose husbands died or were exiled and yet were still able to educate their children because of their own level of learning. Classical Jewish rabbinical literature contains quotes that may be seen as both laudatory and derogatory of women. The Talmud states that: Greater is the reward to be given by the All-Mighty to the (righteous) women than to (righteous) men Ten measures of speech descended to the world; women took nine Women are light on raw knowledge – i. e., they possess more intuition A man without a wife lives without joy, blessing, and good; a man should love his wife as himself and respect her more than himself When Rav Yosef b. Hiyya heard his mother's footsteps he would say: Let me arise before the approach of the divine presence Israel was redeemed from Egypt by virtue of its (Israel) righteous women A man must be careful never to speak slightingly to his wife because women are prone to tears and sensitive to wrong Women have greater faith than men Women have greater powers of discernment Women are especially tenderhearted While few women are mentioned by name in rabbinic literature, and none are known to have authored a rabbinic work, those who are