especially tortoises mean they can potentially outlive their owners. Good hygiene and significant maintenance is necessary when keeping reptiles, due to the risks of Salmonella and other pathogens. Regular hand-washing after handling is an important measure to prevent infection. See also List of reptiles Lists of reptiles by region Reptile Database Further reading Notes References External links — an online full text copy of a 22 volume 13,000 page summary of the state of reptile research. Extant Pennsylvanian first appearances Paraphyletic groups Articles containing video clips