Sultanate followed. It contained many heavily Punjab influenced and originating dynasties such as the reign of Razia Sultana, the Sayyid dynasty and the Tughlaq dynasty. The Langah Sultanate ruled much of south Punjab at the time of the Lodi dynasty in the 15th century CE, and is praised for its victory over them which inevitably led to a treaty being signed during the Sikandar Lodi reign. After a long period of anarchy due to the decline of the Mughals in the 18th century, the Khalsa Raaj in 1799 CE formed and began various conquests into Kashmir and Durrani Empire held territories. The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts and thus the geographical definition of the term "Punjab" has changed over time. In the 16th century Mughal Empire the Punjab region was divided into three, with the Lahore Subah in the west, the Delhi Subah in the east and the Multan Subah in the south. In British India, until the Partition of India in 1947, the Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi, and the Pakistani regions of Punjab, and Islamabad Capital Territory. It bordered the Balochistan and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa regions to the west, Kashmir to the north, the Hindi Belt to the east, and Rajasthan and Sindh to the south. The predominant ethnolinguistic group of the Punjab region are the Punjabi people, who speak the Indo-Aryan Punjabi language. Punjabi Muslims are the majority in West Punjab (Pakistan), while Punjabi Sikhs are the majority in East Punjab (India). Other religious groups are Christianity, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Ravidassia. Etymology Although the name Punjab is of Persian origin, its two parts ( and ) are cognates of the Sanskrit words, and , of the same meaning. The word pañjāb thus means "The Land of Five Waters," referring to the rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas. All are tributaries of the Indus River, the Sutlej being the largest. References to a land of five rivers may be found in the Mahabharata, which calls one of the regions in ancient Bharat Panchanada (). Persian place names are very common in Northwest India and Pakistan. The ancient Greeks referred to the region as Pentapotamía (), which has the same meaning as the Persian word. History Ancient period The Punjab region is noted as the site of one of the