tactician, John III led the coalition forces to victory at Vienna in 1683 and he partially recaptured land from the Ottoman Empire. However, the years that followed were not as successful. The long and ineffective rule of the Wettin dynasty (Augustus II the Strong and Augustus III) placed the Commonwealth under the influence of Saxony and the Russian Empire. Additional feuds with rebel nobility (szlachta) and most notably Stanislaus I Leszczyński and France diminished the influence of Poland-Lithuania in the region, which led to the partitions that occurred under King Stanislaus II Augustus, yet another enlightened, but ineffective monarch. The last true sovereign of Poland was Frederick Augustus I as Duke of Warsaw, who throughout his political career attempted to rehabilitate the Polish state. Following the Napoleonic Wars, many sovereigns claimed the title of Polish king, duke or ruler, notably German, Russian and Austrian emperors. The monarchy was abolished and a parliamentary republican authority was established when Poland was re-constituted as a sovereign state in 1918. Legendary Most of the legendary Polish rulers appear for the first time in chronicles from the 13th century and their existence has not been determined. |- | | | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |Legendary founder of the Polish nation according to folktales, tribal leader | Lechites (Tribe) |- |also Krak or Grakch | | | Unknown | | Legendary founder of Kraków | Lechites (Tribe) |- | | |Son of Krakus I | Unknown | | Succession | Lechites (Tribe) |- | | | Son of Krakus I, brother of Krakus II | Unknown | | Succession | Lechites (Tribe) |- |also Wąda | | Daughter of Krakus, sister of Krakus II and Lech II | Unknown | | Succession | Lechites (Tribe) |- | Dukealso Leszek | | | Unknown | | Birth name Przemysław, defeated the Hungarians and was crownedElected | Goplans and Polans (Tribes) |- | Duke | | Presumed son of Leszko I, Alleged progenitor of the Popielids dynasty | Unknown | | Succession | Popielids |- | Duke | | Presumed son of Leszko II | Unknown | | Succession | Popielids |- | Duke | | Presumed son of Leszko III | Unknown | | Succession | Popielids |- | Duke | | Presumed son of Popiel I | NN, A German Princess | | A legendary ruler dethroned by Piast. He appears (without the number) in