during the subject's life. Past-life regression has been critiqued for being unethical on the grounds that it lacks any evidence to support its claims and that it increases one's susceptibility to false memories. Luis Cordón states that this can be problematic as it creates delusions under the guise of therapy. The memories are experienced as being as vivid as those based on events experienced in one's life and impossible to differentiate from true memories of actual events, and accordingly any damage can be difficult to undo. APA accredited organizations have challenged the use of past-life regressions as a therapeutic method, calling it unethical. Additionally, the hypnotic methodology that underpins past-life regression has been criticized as placing the participant in a vulnerable position, susceptible to implantation of false memories. Because the implantation of false memories may be harmful, Gabriel Andrade argues that past-life regression violates the principle of first, do no harm (non-maleficence), part of the Hippocratic Oath. See also Ada F. Kay Arthur Flowerdew Arthur Guirdham Barbro Karlén Joan Grant Shanti Devi Incarnation Karmic astrology Planes of existence Pre-existence Reincarnation in popular culture Soulmate References External links The Columbia Encyclopedia: Transmigration of Souls or Metempsychosis The Catholic Encyclopedia: Metempsychosis Jewish View of Reincarnation Afterlife Buddhist philosophical concepts Druze theology Esoteric Christianity Hindu philosophical concepts Ismaili theology Jain philosophical concepts Kabbalah Philosophy of religion