adversaries, and are inconsistent with what is said of him by respectable contemporaries." Nevertheless, most modern opinions about Sergius' pontificate remain poor. According to Horace K. Mann, "Sergius was, unfortunately, a pronounced party-man, and anxious for the supremacy of his party." The best that Ferdinand Gregorovius could say of him was: "That Sergius, who remained Pope throughout the storms of seven years, was at least a man of energy must be admitted, although apostolic virtues are scarcely to be looked for in a character such as his." James S. Packer described him as malignant and ferocious, slaughtering his enemies with a private army, while Walter Ullmann described Sergius as a typical representative of the House of Theophylact, concerned with power and sexual liaisons. See also List of popes Notes References Collins, Roger, Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy (2010) DeCormenin, Louis Marie; Gihon, James L., A Complete History of the Popes of Rome, from Saint Peter, the First Bishop to Pius the Ninth (1857) Gregorovius, Ferdinand, History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, Vol. III (1895) Mann, Horace K., The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. IV: The Popes in the Days of Feudal Anarchy, 891–999 (1910) Norwich, John Julius, The Popes: A History (2011) External links Catholic Forum.com: Pope Sergius III Catholic Encyclopedia: Pope Sergius III Lindsay Brook, "Popes and pornocrats: Rome in the Early Middle Ages" offers some more specific documentation Opera Omnia by Migne Patrologia Latina with analytical indexes Popes Italian popes 9th-century archbishops 860s births 911 deaths Year of birth uncertain Burials at St. Peter's Basilica 10th-century popes People temporarily excommunicated by the Catholic Church