8.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 211st Death rate 12 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 17th Total fertility rate 1.71 children born/woman (2017) Country comparison to the world: 154th Net migration rate -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 113rd -0.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) Mother's mean age at first birth 26.7 years (2014 est.) Population growth rate -0.35% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 219th -0.127% (2007 estimate). Urban-rural ratio Romania is one of the least urbanised countries in Europe. Just a slight majority, 56.4 percent, lives in urban areas (12,546,212 people in total). The remainder, 43.6 percent, lives in rural areas (9,695,506 people in total). urban population: 54% of total population (2018) rate of urbanization: -0.38% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.) Sex ratio at birth:1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years:1.05 male(s)/female 15–64 years:0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over:0.71 male(s)/female total population:0.95 male(s)/female (2008 est.) Infant mortality rate 9.2 deaths/1,000 live births (May 2010); down from 17.3 deaths/1,000 live births in 2002. Life expectancy at birth total population: 75.6 years (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 106th male: 72.1 years (2018 est.) female: 79.2 years (2018 est.) Total population: 75 years male: 71.4 years female: 78.8 years (2015 est.) Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.) total population: 98.8% male: 99.1% female: 98.5% (2015 est.) School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) total: 14 years male: 14 years female: 15 years (2016) Unemployment, youth ages 15–24 total: 20.6%. Country comparison to the world: 62nd male: 19.9% female: 21.8% (2016 est.) Nationality The noun form is Romanian(s), and the adjectival form is Romanian. Age structure 0–14 years: 14.31% (male 1,576,621 /female 1,493,082) 15–24 years: 10.45% (male 1,151,312 /female 1,091,956) 25–54 years: 46.11% (male 5,010,272 /female 4,883,090) 55–64 years: 12.37% (male 1,244,669 /female 1,409,854) 65 years and over: 16.76% (male 1,454,320 /female 2,141,940) (2018 est.) The following demographic statistics are from National Institute of Statistic on 1 July 2016. 0–14 years: 14.7% (male 1,678,542/female 1,586,709) 15–64 years: 69.5% (male 7,744,863/female 7,687,078) 65 years and over: 15.8% (male 1,420,144/female 2,097,659) (2016 est.) As a consequence of the pro-natalist policies of the Nicolae Ceaușescu regime (see Decree 770), Romania has a higher proportion of people born in the late 1960s and 1970s its population than any other Western country except Slovenia. The generations born in