comets, nebulae, star clusters, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as cosmic background radiation) Atmospheric physics – the study of the application of physics to the atmosphere Atomic, molecular, and optical physics – the study of how matter and light interact Optics – the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. Biophysics – interdisciplinary science that uses the methods of physics to study biological systems Neurophysics – branch of biophysics dealing with the nervous system. Polymer physics – field of physics that studies polymers, their fluctuations, mechanical properties, as well as the kinetics of reactions involving degradation and polymerization of polymers and monomers respectively. Quantum biology - application of quantum mechanics to biological phenomenon. Chemical physics – the branch of physics that studies chemical processes from physics. Computational physics – study and implementation of numerical algorithms to solve problems in physics for which a quantitative theory already exists. Condensed matter physics – the study of the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. Electricity – the study of electrical phenomena. Electromagnetism – branch of science concerned with the forces that occur between electrically charged particles. Geophysics – the physics of the Earth and its environment in space; also the study of the Earth using quantitative physical methods Magnetism – the study of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic field. Mathematical physics – application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods for such applications and the formulation of physical theories. Mechanics – the branch of physics concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. Aerodynamics – study of the motion of air. Biomechanics – the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells using the methods of mechanics. Classical mechanics – one of the two major sub-fields of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws describing the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces. Kinematics – branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of points, bodies (objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without consideration of the causes of motion. Homeokinetics - the physics of complex, self-organizing