clay, is mentioned in the Talmud. (16th century) Talus, "iron man" who mechanically helps Arthegall dispense justice in The Faerie Queene, the epic poem by Edmund Spenser, published in 1590 Olimpia, automaton who captivates the hero Nathanael so much he wishes to marry her in E. T. A. Hoffmann's Der Sandmann (1814) Artificial human-like being created by Victor Frankenstein in Mary Shelley's Frankenstein (1818) A mechanical man powered by steam in Edward S. Ellis' The Steam Man of the Prairies (1865) Olympia in Act I of Jacques Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann, based on the Hoffmann story (1881) A mechanical man run by electricity in Luis Senarens' Frank Reade and his Electric Man (1885) Hadaly, a mechanical woman run by electricity, in Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam's The Future Eve (1886) – the novel credited with popularizing the word "android" "The Brazen Android" by William Douglas O'Connor. First appeared in The Atlantic Monthly, April 1891 The Dancing Partner by Jerome K.Jerome of Three Men in a Boat fame (1893) The mecha-like tripods that the Martians use to conquer the Earth in The War of the Worlds by H.G. Wells (1897) "The New Frankenstein" by Ernest Edward Kellett (1899), in which an inventor creates an "anti-phonograph" that according to the narrator "can give the appropriate answer to every question I put", and installs in it a robotic female body that "will guide herself, answer questions, talk and eat like a rational being, in fact, perform the part of a society lady." The android proves convincing enough to fool two suitors who wish to marry her. Early 1900s The "Metal Men" automata designed by a Thomas Edison-like scientist in Gustave Le Rouge's La Conspiration des Milliardaires (1899–1900) Tik-Tok and Iron giant from L. Frank Baum's Ozma of Oz (1907). The movie Return to Oz, largely based on Ozma of Oz. A robot chess-player in Moxon's Master by Ambrose Bierce (first published in the San Francisco Examiner on 16 Aug. 1899) In Gaston Leroux's La Poupée Sanglante (The Bloody Doll) and La Machine à Assassiner (The Murdering Machine), the lead character, Bénédict Masson, is wrongly accused of murder and guillotined. His brain is later attached to an automaton created by scientist Jacques Cotentin, and Masson goes on to track and punish those who caused his death. 1920s R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) (1921), by Karel Čapek – credited with coining the term "robot". In its