Memling, German-Belgian painter (b. 1430) 1519 – Johann Tetzel, German preacher (b. 1465) 1556 – John Bell, English bishop 1563 – Bartolomé de Escobedo, Spanish composer and educator (b. 1500) 1578 – Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician and academic (b. 1502) 1596 – Hamnet Shakespeare, son of William Shakespeare (b. 1585) 1601–1900 1614 – Lavinia Fontana, Italian painter (b. 1552) 1656 – Ottavio Piccolomini, Austrian-Italian field marshal (b. 1599) 1725 – Prince Vittorio Amedeo Theodore of Savoy (b. 1723) 1774 – Charles-François Tiphaigne de la Roche, French physician and author (b. 1722) 1813 – Henry James Pye, English poet and politician (b. 1745) 1851 – Lorenz Oken, German botanist, biologist, and ornithologist (b. 1779) 1854 – Macedonio Melloni, Italian physicist and academic (b. 1798) 1868 – Halfdan Kjerulf, Norwegian pianist and composer (b. 1815) 1886 – Lydia Koidula, Estonian poet and playwright (b. 1843) 1890 – John Henry Newman, English cardinal and theologian (b. 1801) 1892 – Enrico Betti, Italian mathematician and academic (b. 1813) 1901–present 1903 – Eugenio María de Hostos, Puerto Rican-American sociologist, philosopher, and lawyer (b. 1839) 1908 – Khudiram Bose, Indian Bengali revolutionary (b. 1889) 1919 – Andrew Carnegie, Scottish-American businessman and philanthropist, founded the Carnegie Steel Company and Carnegie Hall (b. 1835) 1921 – Mary Sumner, English philanthropist, founded the Mothers' Union (b. 1828) 1936 – Blas Infante, Spanish historian and politician (b. 1885) 1937 – Edith Wharton, American novelist and short story writer (b. 1862) 1939 – Jean Bugatti, German-Italian engineer (b. 1909) 1939 – Siegfried Flesch, Austrian fencer (b. 1872) 1945 – Stefan Jaracz, Polish actor and theater producer (b. 1883) 1953 – Tazio Nuvolari, Italian race car driver and motorcycle racer (b. 1892) 1956 – Jackson Pollock, American painter (b. 1912) 1961 – Antanas Škėma, Lithuanian-American author, playwright, actor, and director (b. 1910) 1963 – Otto Wahle, Austrian-American swimmer and coach (b. 1879) 1965 – Bill Woodfull, Australian cricketer and educator (b. 1897) 1969 – Miriam Licette, English soprano and educator (b. 1885) 1972 – Max Theiler, South African-American virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899) 1974 – Vicente Emilio Sojo, Venezuelan conductor and composer (b. 1887) 1977 – Frederic Calland Williams, British co-inventor of the Williams-Kilborn tube, used for memory in early computer systems (b. 1911) 1978 – Berta Ruck, Indian-born Welsh romance novelist (b. 1878) 1979 – J. G. Farrell, English author (b. 1935) 1980 – Paul Robert, French lexicographer