and parasitic infections. Aspirin was demonstrated to limit platelet activation induced by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis and to reduce streptococcal adhesion to heart valves. In patients with tuberculous meningitis, the addition of aspirin reduced the risk of new cerebral infarction [RR = 0.52 (0.29-0.92)]. A role of aspirin on bacterial and fungal biofilm is also being supported by growing evidence. Cancer prevention Aspirin might weakly reduce the risk of breast cancer per a 2020 meta-analysis. In gardening There are a many anecdotal reportings that aspirin can improve plant's growth and resistance though most research involved salicylic acid instead of aspirin. Veterinary medicine Aspirin is sometimes used in veterinary medicine as an anticoagulant or to relieve pain associated with musculoskeletal inflammation or osteoarthritis. Aspirin should only be given to animals under the direct supervision of a veterinarian, as adverse effects—including gastrointestinal issues—are common. An aspirin overdose in any species may result in salicylate poisoning, characterized by hemorrhaging, seizures, coma, and even death. Dogs are better able to tolerate aspirin than cats are. Cats metabolize aspirin slowly because they lack the glucuronide conjugates that aid in the excretion of aspirin, making it potentially toxic if dosing is not spaced out properly. No clinical signs of toxicosis occurred when cats were given 25mg/kg of aspirin every 48 hours for 4 weeks, but the recommended dose for relief of pain and fever and for treating blood clotting diseases in cats is 10mg/kg every 48 hours to allow for metabolization. See also Fluoroaspirin References Further reading Desborough, Michael J. R.; Keeling, David M., "The aspirin story – from willow to wonder drug", British Journal of Haematology, 20 January 2017, pp.674-683 McTavish, Jan R. (Fall 1987). "What's in a name? Aspirin and the American Medical Association". Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 61.3: 343–366. . On loss of patent in the US in 1917. External links 1897 in Germany 1897 in science Acetate esters Acetylsalicylic acids Antiplatelet drugs Bayer brands Brands that became generic Chemical substances for emergency medicine Commercialization of traditional medicines Covalent inhibitors Equine medications German inventions Hepatotoxins Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Salicylic acids Salicylyl esters World Health Organization essential medicines Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate