military commander (b. c. 1045) 1080 – Harald III of Denmark (b. 1041) 1111 – Robert of Molesme, Christian saint and abbot (b. 1027) 1298 – Árni Þorláksson, Icelandic bishop (b. 1237) 1321 – Infanta Branca of Portugal, daughter of King Afonso III of Portugal (b. 1259) 1331 – Robert de Vere, 6th Earl of Oxford, English nobleman (b. 1257) 1344 – Constantine II, King of Armenia 1355 – Marin Falier, Doge of Venice (b. 1285) 1427 – John IV, Duke of Brabant (b. 1403) 1539 – George, Duke of Saxony (b. 1471) 1574 – Joachim Camerarius, German scholar and translator (b. 1500) 1601–1900 1669 – Antonio Bertali, Italian violinist and composer (b. 1605) 1680 – Kateri Tekakwitha, Mohawk-born Native American saint (b. 1656) 1695 – Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican poet and scholar (b. 1651) 1696 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French author (b. 1626) 1711 – Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1678) 1713 – David Hollatz, Polish pastor and theologian (b. 1648) 1764 – Johann Mattheson, German lexicographer and composer (b. 1681) 1790 – Benjamin Franklin, American inventor, publisher, and politician, 6th President of Pennsylvania (b. 1706) 1799 – Richard Jupp, English surveyor and architect (b. 1728) 1840 – Hannah Webster Foster, American journalist and author (b. 1758) 1843 – Samuel Morey, American engineer (b. 1762) 1882 – George Jennings, English engineer and plumber, invented the Flush toilet (b. 1810) 1888 – E. G. Squier, American archaeologist and journalist (b. 1821) 1892 – Alexander Mackenzie, Scottish-Canadian politician, 2nd Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1822) 1901–present 1921 – Manwel Dimech, Maltese journalist, author, and philosopher (b. 1860) 1923 – Laurence Ginnell, Irish lawyer and politician (b. 1852) 1930 – Alexander Golovin, Russian painter and stage designer (b. 1863) 1933 – Kote Marjanishvili, Georgian director and playwright (b. 1872) 1936 – Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Dutch lawyer and politician, 28th Prime Minister of the Netherlands (b. 1873) 1942 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French-American physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1870) 1944 – J. T. Hearne, English cricketer and coach (b. 1867) 1944 – Dimitrios Psarros, Greek lieutenant, founded the National and Social Liberation (b. 1893) 1946 – Juan Bautista Sacasa, Nicaraguan medical doctor, politician and 20th President of Nicaragua (b. 1874) 1948 – Kantarō Suzuki, Japanese admiral and politician, 42nd Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1868) 1954 – Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu, Romanian lawyer and politician, Romanian