1390) 1511 – Andrew Barton, Scottish admiral (b. 1466) 1512 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician and philosopher (b. 1463) 1589 – Henry III of France (b. 1551) 1601–1900 1605 – Richard Leveson, English admiral (b. c. 1570) 1611 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1562) 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Agnese in Agone (b. 1599) 1696 – Robert Campbell of Glenlyon (b. 1630) 1769 – Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1689) 1788 – Thomas Gainsborough, English painter (b. 1727) 1799 – Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, French inventor, co-invented the hot air balloon (b. 1745) 1815 – Guillaume Brune, French general and politician (b. 1763) 1823 – Lazare Carnot, French mathematician, general, and politician, president of the National Convention (b. 1753) 1834 – Harriet Arbuthnot, English diarist (b. 1793) 1849 – Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Ottoman Albanian commander (b. 1769) 1854 – Heinrich Clauren, German author (b. 1771) 1859 – Horace Mann, American educator and politician (b. 1796) 1876 – "Wild Bill" Hickok, American sheriff (b. 1837) 1889 – Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (b. 1851) 1890 – Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet and author (b. 1813) 1901–present 1903 – Eduard Magnus Jakobson, Estonian missionary and engraver (b. 1847) 1903 – Edmond Nocard, French veterinarian and microbiologist (b. 1850) 1913 – Ferenc Pfaff, Hungarian architect and academic, designed Zagreb Central Station (b. 1851) 1915 – John Downer, Australian politician, 16th premier of South Australia (b. 1843) 1917 – Jaan Mahlapuu, Estonian military pilot (b. 1894) 1921 – Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1873) 1922 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-Canadian engineer, invented the telephone (b. 1847) 1923 – Warren G. Harding, American journalist and politician, 29th president of the United States (b. 1865) 1923 – Joseph Whitty, Irish Hunger Striker (b. 1904) 1934 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd president of Germany (b. 1847) 1937 – Artur Sirk, Estonian soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1900) 1939 – Harvey Spencer Lewis, American mystic and author (b. 1883) 1945 – Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer and educator (b. 1863) 1955 – Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1901) 1955 – Wallace Stevens, American poet and educator (b. 1879) 1963 – Oliver La Farge, American anthropologist and author (b. 1901) 1967 – Walter Terence Stace, English-American epistemologist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1886) 1970 –