of Foreign Affairs (d. 1833) 1780 – Charles Nodier, French librarian and author (d. 1844) 1783 – David Cox, English landscape painter (d. 1859) 1784 – Samuel Turell Armstrong, American publisher and politician, 14th Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1850) 1810 – Thomas Adolphus Trollope, English journalist and author (d. 1892) 1814 – Sadok Barącz, Galician religious leader, historian, folklorist, archivist (d. 1892) 1818 – Alexander II of Russia (d. 1881) 1837 – Georges Ernest Boulanger, French general and politician, French Minister of War (d. 1891) 1842 – Carl Millöcker, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1899) 1847 – Joachim Andersen, Danish flautist, composer, conductor, and co-founder of the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra (d. 1907) 1848 – Raja Ravi Varma, Indian painter and academic (d. 1906) 1854 – Henri Poincaré, French mathematician, physicist, and engineer (d. 1912) 1858 – Georgia Hopley, American journalist, temperance advocate, and the first woman prohibition agent (d. 1944) 1863 – Constantine P. Cavafy, Egyptian-Greek journalist and poet (d. 1933) 1863 – William Randolph Hearst, American publisher and politician, founded the Hearst Corporation (d. 1951) 1863 – Maria Teresia Ledóchowska, Austrian nun and missionary (d. 1922) 1872 – Harry Payne Whitney, American businessman and lawyer (d. 1930) 1872 – Forest Ray Moulton, American astronomer and academic (d. 1952) 1875 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian-English novelist and short story writer (d. 1950) 1878 – Friedrich Adler, German academic, artist and designer (d.1945) 1879 – Thomas Beecham, English conductor (d. 1961, March 8) 1880 – Fethi Okyar, Turkish military officer, diplomat and politician (d. 1943) 1882 – Auguste Herbin, French painter (d. 1960) 1882 – Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman, Dutch printer, typographer, and Nazi resister (d. 1945) 1885 – Egon Erwin Kisch, Czech journalist and author (d. 1948) 1887 – Raymond Thorne, American swimmer (d. 1921) 1891 – Bharathidasan, Indian poet and activist (d. 1964) 1893 – Harold Urey, American chemist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981) 1894 – Marietta Blau, Austrian physicist and academic (d. 1970) 1895 – Vladimir Propp, Russian scholar and critic (d. 1970) 1895 – Malcolm Sargent, English organist, composer, and conductor (d. 1967) 1899 – Duke Ellington, American pianist, composer, and bandleader (d. 1974) 1899 – Mary Petty, American illustrator (d. 1976) 1900 – Concha de Albornoz, Spanish feminist and intellectual, exiled during the Spanish Civil War (d. 1972) 1900 – Amelia Best, Australian politician, one of the first women elected to the Tasmanian House of