any conscious thought of making propaganda," his task having been "the description of humanity." However, the play is associated with feminism, as Miriam Schneir includes it in her anthology Feminism: The Essential Historical Writings, labelling it as one of the essential feminist works. Because of the departure from traditional behavior and theatrical convention involved in Nora's leaving home, her act of slamming the door as she leaves has come to represent the play itself. In Iconoclasts (1905), James Huneker noted "That slammed door reverberated across the roof of the world." Adaptations Film A Doll's House has been adapted for the cinema on many occasions, including: The 1922 lost silent film A Doll's House starring Alla Nazimova as Nora. The 1923 German silent film Nora directed by Berthold Viertel. Nora was played by Olga Chekhova, who was born Olga Knipper, and was the niece and namesake of Anton Chekhov’s wife. She was also Mikhail Chekhov's wife. The 1943 Argentine film Casa de muñecas starring Delia Garcés, which modernizes the story and uses the alternative ending. The 1944 German film Nora directed by Harald Braun which retells the story in line with Nazi ideology on the place of women, resolving it with Nora in the home. The 1954 Mexican film Casa de muñecas, directed by Alfredo B. Crevenna and starring Marga López, Ernesto Alonso and Miguel Torruco, sets the story in modern-day Mexico, adds a flashback framing device, turns Dr. Rank (renamed Dr. Eduardo Anguiano and played by Alonso, who gets second billing) into Nora's doomed suitor and savior, changes Nora's motivation for leaving her house, and adds a happy ending the following Christmas Eve. Two film versions were released in 1973: A Doll's House directed by Joseph Losey starring Jane Fonda, David Warner and Trevor Howard; and A Doll's House directed by Patrick Garland starring Claire Bloom, Anthony Hopkins, and Ralph Richardson. Dariush Mehrjui's 1992 film Sara is based on A Doll's House, with the plot transferred to Iran. Sara, played by Niki Karimi, is the Nora of Ibsen's play. In 2012, the Young Vic theatre in London released a short film titled Nora with Hattie Morahan portraying what a modern-day Nora might look like. In 2016, there were plans for a modernized adaptation starring Ben Kingsley as Doctor Rank and Michele Martin as Nora. Television The 1959 adaptation was a live version for American TV directed by George Schaefer. This