the cross benches during the Hawke and Keating governments, the Democrats were sometimes regarded as exercising a balance of power—which attracted electoral support from a significant sector of the electorate which had been alienated by both Labor and Coalition policies and practices. Electoral results Federal parliamentary leaders Notes Parliamentarians Senators State and territory members Australian Capital Territory 1977–1986: Ivor Vivian, member of the House of Assembly 1977–1986: Gordon Walsh, member of the House of Assembly 2001–2004: Roslyn Dundas, member of the Legislative Assembly New South Wales 1981–1998: Elisabeth Kirkby, member of the Legislative Council 1988–1996: Richard Jones, member of the Legislative Council 1998–2007: Arthur Chesterfield-Evans, member of the Legislative Council South Australia 1977–1982: Robin Millhouse, member of the House of Assembly 1979–1985: Lance Milne, member of the Legislative Council 1982: Heather Southcott, member of the House of Assembly 1982–1993, 1997–2006: Ian Gilfillan, member of the Legislative Council 1985–2003: Mike Elliott, member of the Legislative Council 1993–2009: Sandra Kanck, member of the Legislative Council 2003–2006: Kate Reynolds, member of the Legislative Council 2009: David Winderlich, member of the Legislative Council Tasmania 1980–1982: Norm Sanders, member of the House of Assembly Western Australia 1997–2001: Helen Hodgson, member of the Legislative Council 1997–2001: Norm Kelly, member of the Legislative Council See also Social liberalism Liberalism worldwide List of liberal parties Liberal democracy Timeline of (small-l) liberal parties in Australia Notes References Further reading Bennett D, Discord in the Democrats PWHCE article, Melbourne 2002 Beyond Our Expectations—Proceedings of the Australian Democrats First National Conference, Canberra, 16–17 February 1980. [Papers by: Don Chipp, Sir Mark Oliphant, Prof. Stephen Boyden, Bob Whan, Julian Cribb, Colin Mason, John Siddons, A. McDonald] Chipp D (ed. Larkin J) Chipp, Methuen Haynes, North Ryde NSW, 1987 Gauja A Evaluating the Success and Contribution of a Minor Party: the Case of the Australian Democrats Parliamentary Affairs (2010) 63(3): 486–503, 21 January 2010, at Oxford Journals. (Paid subscription, Athens or participating library membership required) Paul A and Miller L The Third Team July 2007 A historical essay in 30 Years—Australian Democrats Melbourne 2007. (A 72-page anthology of historical and biographical monographs about the state and federal parliamentary experiences of the Democrats, for the party's 30th anniversary.) Sugita H Challenging 'twopartism'—the contribution of the Australian Democrats to the Australian party system, PhD thesis, Flinders University of South Australia, July 1995 Warhurst J (ed.) Keeping the bastards honest Allen & Unwin Sydney 1997 Warhurst