Memnon The Aethiopis (7th century BC) and a work named Posthomerica, composed by Quintus of Smyrna in the fourth century CE, relate further events from the Trojan War. When Penthesilea, queen of the Amazons and daughter of Ares, arrives in Troy, Priam hopes that she will defeat Achilles. After his temporary truce with Priam, Achilles fights and kills the warrior queen, only to grieve over her death later. At first, he was so distracted by her beauty, he did not fight as intensely as usual. Once he realized that his distraction was endangering his life, he refocused and killed her. Following the death of Patroclus, Nestor's son Antilochus becomes Achilles' closest companion. When Memnon, son of the Dawn Goddess Eos and king of Ethiopia, slays Antilochus, Achilles once more obtains revenge on the battlefield, killing Memnon. Consequently, Eos will not let the sun rise until Zeus persuades her. The fight between Achilles and Memnon over Antilochus echoes that of Achilles and Hector over Patroclus, except that Memnon (unlike Hector) was also the son of a goddess. Many Homeric scholars argued that episode inspired many details in the Iliads description of the death of Patroclus and Achilles' reaction to it. The episode then formed the basis of the cyclic epic Aethiopis, which was composed after the Iliad, possibly in the 7th century BC. The Aethiopis is now lost, except for scattered fragments quoted by later authors. Achilles and Patroclus The exact nature of Achilles' relationship with Patroclus has been a subject of dispute in both the classical period and modern times. In the Iliad, it appears to be the model of a deep and loyal friendship. Homer does not suggest that Achilles and his close friend Patroclus had sexual relations. Although there is no direct evidence in the text of the Iliad that Achilles and Patroclus were lovers, this theory was expressed by some later authors. Commentators from classical antiquity to the present have often interpreted the relationship through the lens of their own cultures. In 5th-century BC Athens, the intense bond was often viewed in light of the Greek custom of paiderasteia, which is the relationship between an older male and a younger one, usually a teenager. In Patroclus and Achilles' case, Achilles would have been the younger as Patroclus is usually seen as his elder. In Plato's Symposium, the participants in a dialogue about love assume that Achilles and
{
        'QUESTION: Who wrote the work named Posthomerica?': 'Answer: Quintus of Smyrna',
        'QUESTION: What happened when Penthesilea arrived in Troy?' : 'Answer: King Priam hoped that she would defeat Achilles.',
        'QUESTION: How did Achilles react upon realizing his distraction towards Penthesilea?' : 'Answer: He focused and fought harder, eventually killing her.',
        'QUESTION: Who became Achilles\' closest companion after the death of Antilochus?' : 'Answer: No one is mentioned specifically replacing Antilochus as Achilles\' closest companion.',
        'QUESTION: Which two characters had a similar situation regarding their relationships with Achilles?' : 'Answer: Patroclus and Memnon had situations similar to Achilles and Hector respectively.',
        'QUESTION: What is the main difference between the deaths of Patroclus and Memnon?' : 'Answer: While Patroclus died at the hands of Hector, who was mortal, Memnon was killed by Achilles but was the son of a goddess, Eos.',
        'QUESTION: What is the controversy surrounding the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus?' : 'Answer: Some people believe that Achilles and Patroclus might have been lovers based on their strong bond, though there is no direct evidence supporting this claim in the Iliad.',
        'QUESTION: According to the Iliad, what type of relationship did Achilles and Patroclus share?' : 'Answer: Their relationship appeared to be a deep and loyal friendship according to the Iliad.',
        'QUESTION: What is the term used to describe the relationship between an older man and a younger boy in ancient Greece?' : 'Answer: Paiderastia.',
        'QUESTION: In Plato\'s Symposium, how do the participants interpret the relationship between Achilles and Patroclus?' : 'Answer: They assumed that Achilles and Patroclus shared a paiderastic relationship.'
    }