than punish them because suppressing open resistance would likely alienate the people it depended on to win the war, whether on the home front or the battle front. The early treatments by historians saw the protest as an indication of women's resistance or of workers' opposition. More recently historians have set the Witten Demonstration within the context of civilian evacuations and have found the motivation for protest in the bonds of family. References Further reading Evans, Richard, "German Women and the Triumph of Hitler." The Journal of Modern History 48, no. 1 (March 1976), Schoppmeyer, Heinrich, Über 775 Jahre Witten: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Stadt Witten, vol. 2 (Meinerzhagen: Meinerzhagener, 1989), 75Olaf Groehler, Bombenkrieg gegen Deutschland (Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1990), 270ff. Torrie, Julia S., For Their Own Good: Civilian Evacuations in Germany and France, 1939-1945 (New York: Berghahn Books, 2010). Stargardt, Nicholas, "Beyond 'Consent' or 'Terror': Wartime Crises in Nazi Germany", History Workshop Journal, Volume 72, Issue 1, 1 October 2011, Pages 190–204. Torrie, Julia S., "The Possibilities of Protest in the Third Reich: The Witten Demonstration in Context," in Protest in Hitler's 'National Community': Popular Unrest and the Nazi Response (New York: Berghahn: 2015), pp. 78 and 97-98, notes 5-8. Stoltzfus, Nathan, Hitler's Compromises: Coercion and Consensus in Nazi Germany (New Haven: Yale University Press 2016), chapter VII, "The People Know where to find the Leadership's 'Soft Spot'," and "Afterword on Historical Research: Back to the Top Down?" García, Hugo, Mercedes Yusta, Xavier Tabet, and Cristina Clímaco, editors. Rethinking Antifascism: History, Memory and Politics, 1922 to the Present. New York: Berghahn Books, 2016. Pp. vi, 350. Protests in Germany Civil disobedience Women in Nazi Germany Germany home front during World War II 1943 in Germany Women's protests