The Verband Forschender Arzneimittelhersteller (vfa) or Association of Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies, is the trade group of 43 pharmaceutical companies in Germany which are global players, representing more than two-thirds of the German pharmaceutical market, with nearly 80,000 employees in Germany. In Germany more than 18,000 of their employees work in the field of research and development of pharmaceuticals. The vfa's focus has been on political consulting and public relations on the national and EU-level. History The Verband Forschender Arzneimittelhersteller, or Association of Research-Based Pharmaceutical Companies, was founded in 1994 with headquarters in Berlin as an Eingetragener Verein. It is the German or trade group for global players in the pharmaceutical industry. Difference to the other three trade groups Mid to small sized pharmaceutical companies in Germany are represented by the Bundesverband der Pharmazeutischen Industrie (BPI). Another pharmaceutical industry association in Germany, the Bundesverband der Arzneimittelhersteller ("German Medicines Manufacturers' Association", BAH), has about 450 company members including traditional pharmaceutical manufacturers of OTC drugs and biotechnological products plus about 150 other members with a business interest in healthcare, such as publishers and polling organizations. The third group is "Pro Generika", founded in 2004 in Berlin. it represents 20 member companies and is the only trade association focusing on generic drugs, which cover 77% of the pharmaceutical needs of the Germany's statutory health insurance. The former "Deutscher Generikaverband" in Berlin, founded in 1986, dissolved in 2012 due to dwindling membership. Function The vfa's focus has been on lobbying, political consulting and public relations on the national and international level. The vfa claims, that with a manufacturer's share of 50 percent of the retail price, Germany ranks at the bottom in the European comparison. the prescription drug price in Germany consisted of reimbursement to manufacturer (50%), wholesaler (4%), retailing pharmacies (14%) and taxes and discounts amounting to 32% of the end price, the highest such rate in Europe per vfa, EFPIA and Pharmaceutical associations of European countries. For the first time in their 22-year history, vfa companies disclosed how much they paid physicians and other HCW's, medical organizations and medical facilities in June 2016. They sent their data to the "Freiwillige Selbstkontrolle Arzneimittel" (FSA), which publishes aggregate data together with other non-vfa companies who adhere to voluntary transparency. They planned to continue once a year, with data available for 3 years. In 2015, 71.000 physicians received 575 Million Euros, and only one third agreed