stable population. but in Germany it is on the national red list as Category V. Taxonomy Epeolus cruciger may be a lot of species with a distinct population which has an earlier flight period and is smaller in size, which utilises Colletes marginatus as a host, which may be a species in its own right, Epeolus marginatus. There is also a population in northern Italy which uses the ivy bee Colletes hederae, a species very closely related to C. succintus, as a host, and has remained restricted to what is thought to have been its glacial refuge, while its host has spread into other parts of Europe as far apart as southern England and Cyprus. References Nomadinae Hymenoptera of Europe Insects described in 1799