referred to a royal charter, which mentioned a Swabian "free man" Kaal, who also escorted Gisela to Hungary in 996 and settled down in Sopron County. His descendants were members of the group of castle warriors. In contemporary documents The first members of the clan appeared in contemporary documents since the early 13th century. Due to incomplete data, there are only fragmented genealogical tables. János Karácsonyi described three branches of the clan: the senior branch from Vas County; the Meszes branch which had holdings in Zemplén and later Szepes County; and the Lackfi branch which resided in Tiszántúl and Transylvania (they possessed lands mostly in Arad and Csanád Counties), and the Lackfi family ascended from there. In the 1990s, historian Pál Engel used different denominations and subdivisions. Accordingly, the Lackfi and the Felpestesi (and its two branches, the Szentgyörgyi de Felpestes and the Makrai de Felpestes) families descended from a same line, the Pestes branch. Engel described two other kinships, the Meszes and Bakonya (or Palina) branches, while claimed the Hermáni family also belonged to the Hermán kindred (in contrast, Karácsonyi argued the eponymous family seat, Hermány, near Szombathely was lost to female line soon). Throughout the 13th century, several clan members were mentioned as ad litem judges and pristaldi (bailiffs) in several cases of lawsuits. The first known member of the clan, Dietrich bought a land between Vép and Bőd (today Nemesbőd), near Hermány, in 1226. His ancestors and possible descendants are not known. A certain Bartholomew functioned as pristaldus in Zala County in 1233. Three members acted as oath companions and witnesses in 1238, when were referred to as "good men" and "nobles". Béla IV of Hungary appointed one of them, Tyma as pristaldus to execute the king's land reform in Vas County, who revised his predecessors' land grants and reclaimed former royal estates (while Tyma also lost Körmend due to the monarch's policy). In 1240, Achilles and Dés were delegated to the court during a lawsuit, installed by the chapter of Vasvár. In 1255, comes Dés was granted a land of "three plows" in Körmend to finish its tower, part of the fortified western border system. In 1263, Henry and Herbord, sons of Herteveg also acted as ad litem judges, in addition to Herman. Herman's brother was comes Pousa, the most illustrious member of the senior branch during that time, who served as a judge in the