in the early days of its ownership. Legacy The rise and fall of Gainesville is remembered as one of the more dramatic examples of post-Civil War/Industrial Revolution effects in Mississippi. The story of Gainesville's decline is one shared by many communities and towns at the time, which experienced sudden population shifts due to a growing railroad industry bypassing the once thriving settlements. At its peak, Gainesville boasted a courthouse and numerous homes and other structures of historical significance. According to NASA's Cultural Resources Center, other elements of the town were described as: "...a hotel called the Gainesville Exchange, a track for horse racing, one or more coffee houses, two barrooms, two drug stores, a Masonic Lodge, shops, stables, brick factories, a telegraph office, dry dock facilities, a steamboat landing, stores for distilling turpentine and other resinous products, and, of course, saw mills." As late as 1962, many of the original buildings remained, and were utilized by NASA for various purposes, including the Rouchon House- an old fishing lodge- where the first flag-raising ceremony took place. However, today, almost none of the town's original structures remain (with some exceptions; see below section). A pictorial history of old photographs is maintained on NASA's website. People and places The followings is a list of documented residents and/or structures once located in Gainesville, as recorded by NASA Cultural Resources: Acker family; homeowners, multiple properties (c. 1962) Baptist Church (colored); Congregated by African American residents. Baptist Church (white); Congregated by white residents; later converted by NASA into an engineering lab. Bordage; landowner Burke; homeowner (c. 1963) Butler House Carver House; built in 1865; later owned by J.H. Peterman Davis; homeowner (c. 1959) Grice Home Henry; homeowner (c. 1962) Jones Home; home of Malissa Rester Jones (c. 1962). One of the few structures that was not removed when NASA established their test facility. The U.S. Cops of Engineers used the old home as an office for a time, known then as "The Stone House." Currently, the EPA uses the structure as a conference center, now known as "The River House." Loveless Grocery; Described in the photo caption as "...the only store in Gainesville c. 1963," however other sources indirectly contradict this assertion by mentioning the names of other stores existing around the same time period. McQueen; homeowner (c. 1900) Miller House; Used by NASA in the early days of its ownership; known as "The Yellow House."