Nektar Therapeutics (Nektar) is an American biopharmaceutical company. The company was founded in 1990 and is based in San Francisco, California. The company develops new drug candidates by applying its proprietary PEGylation and advanced polymer conjugate technologies to modify chemical structure of substances. It is a technology supplier to a number of pharmaceutical companies including Affymax, Amgen, Merck, Pfizer and UCB Pharma, etc. The company developed the world's first inhalable non-injectable insulin, Exubera, which was awarded as the bronze award by Wall Street Journal for its technological breakthrough. Background The company is engaged in developing a proprietary pipeline of drug candidates for several therapeutic areas including oncology, pain, anti-infectives, anti-viral and immunology. The company's research and development involve in small molecule and biologic drug candidates. Its drug candidate base consists of naloxegol (Movantik), a Phase III oral opioid antagonist, etirinotecan pegol, a topoisomerase inhibitor under Phase III clinical study as of 2012, NKTR 061, NKTR-181, NKTR-214, etc. In 2013, the company was assigned a patent which was developed by the company and other four co-inventors. The products of the company is served as a supplement to improve the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, half-life, bioavailability and other areas of drugs for the patients worldwide. As of March 2014, the company had a market capitalization of $1.7 billion with an enterprise value of $1.67 billion. As of July 15, 2019, the company had a market cap of $5.88 Billion. Pipeline Etirinotecan pegol was in the phase III BEACON trial as well as in the I-SPY2 adaptive clinical trial for breast cancer in 2016. The European Medicines Agency refused a marketing authorisation in 2017. Bempegaldesleukin (NKTR-214) is a CD122-biased immune-stimulatory cytokine, Phase I results were announced in November 2016. It is now in a phase 2 trial in combination with nivolumab for various advanced cancers. References External links Biotechnology companies of the United States Pharmaceutical companies of the United States Pharmaceutical companies established in 1990 Biotechnology companies established in 1990 Companies listed on the Nasdaq 1994 initial public offerings Companies based in San Francisco Health care companies based in California Biopharmaceutical companies