platforms is often trivial, it has been shown that for the general heterogeneous case, the problem is NP-Complete. For small numbers of partitions, optimal partitionings that perfectly balance load and minimize communication volume have been shown to exist. Example hardware Heterogeneous computing hardware can be found in every domain of computing—from high-end servers and high-performance computing machines all the way down to low-power embedded devices including mobile phones and tablets. High Performance Computing Cydra-5 (Numeric coprocessor) Cray XD1 (FPGA) SRC Computers SRC-6 and SRC-7 (FPGA) Embedded Systems (DSP and Mobile Platforms) Texas Instruments OMAP (Media coprocessor) Analog Devices Blackfin (DSP and media coprocessors) Qualcomm Snapdragon (GPU, DSP, image, sometimes AI coprocessor; Modem, Sensors) Nvidia Tegra (GPU; Modem, Sensors) Samsung Exynos (GPU; Modem, Sensors) Apple "A" series (CPU, GPU; Modem) Movidius Myriad Vision processing units, which includes several symmetric processors, complemented by fixed function units, and a pair of SPARC based controllers. HiSilicon Kirin SoCs (GPU; Modem, Sensors) MediaTek SoCs (GPU; Modem, Sensors) Cadence Design Systems Tensilica DSPs Reconfigurable Computing Xilinx Field-programmable gate array (FPGA; e.g., Virtex-II Pro, Virtex 4 FX, Virtex 5 FXT) and Zynq and Versal Platforms Intel "Stellarton" (Atom + Altera FPGA) Networking Intel IXP Network Processors Netronome NFP Network Processors General Purpose Computing, Gaming, and Entertainment Devices Intel Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge, and Haswell CPUs (Integrated GPU, OpenCL-capable since Ivy Bridge) AMD Excavator and Ryzen APUs (Integrated GPU, OpenCL-capable) IBM Cell, found in the PlayStation 3 (Vector coprocessor) SpursEngine, a variant of the IBM Cell processor Emotion Engine, found in the PlayStation 2 (Vector and media coprocessors) ARM big.LITTLE/DynamIQ CPU architecture (heterogenous topology) Nearly all ARM vendors offer heterogeneous solutions; ARM, Qualcomm, Nvidia, Apple, Samsung, HiSilicon, MediaTek, etc. See also GPGPU MPSoC big.LITTLE/DynamIQ References