1880 and chartered the ship Lottie in Port Townsend. The Lottie was eventually purchased by Chief James Claplanhoo, and three more schooners were added, finally the Discovery in Victoria. In 1886, Chief Peter Brown purchased the schooner Champion.When extensive coal deposits were discovered, it was thanks to the Nanaimo Coal Tyee who asked the Hudson's Bay Company if it had any value on the black mountain burning. He himself had already shipped coal from there to Victoria. In 1852, Joseph MacKay, senior officer at Fort Nanaimo, expressed satisfaction with the work of the Indians in the mines. Of the first 1400 barrels unearthed, half were from them. Also, many of them became members in the unions. In 1890, Thomas Salmon, a resident of Nanaimo, was sent to Ottawa to represent the Miners and Mine Labourers Protective Association. During the coal strike in Nanaimo from 1912 to 1914, Indians refused to work as strikebreakers, ending up on blacklists. But most Indians worked in the fishing industry. While 1,500 to 2,000 worked as fishermen and rowers around 1900, by 1929 there were 3,632. Again, they participated in the first fishermen's strike as early as 1893. Likewise, they were involved in union formations, such as the Squamish in the formation of the International Longshoremen's Association in 1912. They also participated in the dock strikes in Vancouver of 1923 and 1935. Since the 1960s, numerous positions have been created in self-government through state funding. These positions were often held by women. In the meantime, many tribes are trying to become economically independent again by using their territory for tourism after a large part of the natural resources have been used up or destroyed. Since 1993, they have also been allowed to engage in limited salmon fishing on the Fraser for commercial purposes. However, salmon stocks are in massive decline, partly due to fish farms, partly due to climatic changes. Gambling and Entertainment, Tourism and Culture (USA) The Coast Salish in the United States took a different economic trajectory. Here, strong impetus for self-organization initially came from the California Mission Indian Federation (1919-1965), which was succeeded in 1972 by the Southern California Tribal Chairmen's Association. In the Northwest, tribes banded together to form the Northwest Federation of Indians, many of whose representatives relied on existing treaties. Seasonal employment was available in the state's agriculture, especially during the harvest season. For example, the important cultivation of