Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics, Inc. (FCDI) is a large scale manufacturer of human cells, created from induced pluripotent stem cells, for use in basic research, drug discovery and regenerative medicine applications. History Prior to acquisition, the company then named Cellular Dynamics International, Inc. tendered an initial public offering in July 2013 under the ticker symbol ICEL. On March 30, 2015, Fujifilm Holdings Corporation announced an agreement to acquire Cellular Dynamics International for $307 million or $16.50/share on a fully diluted basis. The company was subsequently renamed Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics, Inc. Human cells are considered to be a more predictive model and a replacement for other cellular models that serve as proxies, including animal cells, immortalized cell lines, and cadaveric cells. FCDI offers several terminally differentiated cell types as catalog products: iCell® Cardiomyocytes, iCell Neurons, iCell Endothelial Cells, and iCell Hepatocytes. CDI's MyCell® Products portfolio enables customer-provided donor samples to be reprogrammed, gene edited, and differentiated. The company also has several prototype products derived from pluripotent stem cells, including iCell Cardiac Progenitors, iCell Hematopoietic Progenitors, iCell Astrocytes, and iCell Skeletal Myoblasts. FCDI corporate headquarters are located in Madison, Wisconsin. In 2013, FCDI was awarded a contract from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine to reprogram and bank iPS cells from 3,000 individuals. The CIRM biorepository is managed by FCDI and housed at a sister company, Fujifilm Irvine Scientific, in Irvine, CA. , FCDI has more than 800 patents and licensed technologies as part of their technology portfolio. Recognition FCDI appeared on MIT Technology Review'''s "Disruptive Companies" list in both 2011 and 2012. FCDI was recognized by The Scientist for having among the year's "Top 10 Innovations" in 2010 for the iCell Cardiomyocyte product, and in 2012 for the MyCell Product. The iCell Cardiomyocyte product was also recognized in 2010 by MIT Technology Review as being among the year's "Top 10 Emerging Technologies". In 2011, the same product received Gold Winner status in The Wall Street Journal'''s "Technology Innovation Award". Application areas Toxicity FCDI began to develop drug compound safety applications early in the company's product development cycle. Several published studies have used FCDI products to investigate mechanisms of toxicity and have leveraged cellular models to identify toxicity earlier in the drug development process. Unexpected toxicity is one of the leading reasons that drugs are pulled from the market or from late stage clinical trials and toxicity issues greatly increase the cost of