institutes reported directly to her. She was also responsible for sponsored research, compliance and the university's animal research center. In addition, Pell was responsible for the Penn State Research and Technology Transfer Organization, which connects Penn State researchers with industries in order to stimulate economic development. Pell was active in economic development and served on numerous state boards including the Ben Franklin Center of Central and Northern Pennsylvania, the Ben Franklin Technology Development Authority, the Technology Collaborative and the Life Science Greenhouse for Central Pennsylvania. She was also President of the Penn State Research Foundation and the Research Park Management Corp. As dean of the Penn State Graduate School, Pell oversaw graduate admissions, fellowships, awards, and curriculum and developed several programs at Penn State to increase the number of minority applicants for graduate programs. Pell's term in the Penn State research office saw a nearly two-fold increase in research expenditures from $393 million USD to $765 million USD in 2009. According to the National Science Foundation, Penn State ranked ninth nationally among all public and private universities in science and engineering Research & Development expenditures. On September 9, 2011, the Penn State Board of Trustees on Friday approved the naming of a new lab building as the "Eva J. Pell Laboratory for Advance Biological Research." The 20,000-square-foot building was designed to support immunology and infectious disease research. Pell worked for Penn State for 36 years before leaving to work as the Under Secretary for Science at the Smithsonian Institution on Jan. 4, 2010. In her role at the Smithsonian, she oversaw the operations of the National Museum of Natural History; the National Air and Space Museum; the National Zoo and its Conservation and Research Center in Front Royal, Va.; the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge, Mass.; the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Edgewater, Md.; the Smithsonian's Museum Conservation Institute in Suitland, Md.; and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. During Pell's tenure at the Smithsonian, The Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute's opened a state-of-the-art genetics lab at the National Zoo in Washington, D.C. Also, in October 2012, the Smithsonian announced the formation of the Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network. The project will be the first worldwide network of coastal ecological field sites with the goal of standardizing measurements of biological change. Pell retired from the Smithsonian Institution in March, 2014. In September 2019, Pell released the first in a series of