the pleistocene epoch in parts of the watershed. Nearly all (approximately 90%) of the Newport Creek watershed is occupied by interbedded sedimentary rock. The remaining 10% is occupied by sandstone. There are at least 12 coal seams in the watershed, which are all in the Llwellyn Formation. Their thickness ranges from under to . The coal has a lower-than-average sulfur content of 0.6 to 0.8 percent. Some areas of quicksand have been observed in the Newport Creek watershed. The main rock formations in the Newport Creek watershed are the Llwellyn Formation, the Pottsville Formation, the Pocono Formation, the Mauch Chunk Formation, and the Duncannon Member. The Llwellyn Formation occupies much of the northern part of the watershed, including much of Newport Creek itself and some of the South Branch Newport Creek watershed, except for the southern part. South of the Llwellyn Formation is a band of the Pottsville Formation. South of the Pottsville Formation are larger areas of the Mauch Chunk Formation and the Pocono Formation. On the southern edge of the watershed is an area of the Duncannon Member. The Pottsville Formation is unusually thin (less than in the watershed, but is the lowest rock formation in the watershed in terms of distance below ground. The Udorthents-Urban Land-Volusia soil association and the Lackawanna-Arnot-Morris soil association together occupy 95% of the watershed. The remaining 5% is occupied by the Wellsboro-Oquaga-Morris and the Chenango-Pope-Holly soil associations. There are five major sources of acid mine drainage in the Newport Creek watershed. One of these is the Glen Lyon Borehole, which is located at the creek's headwaters. The Susquehanna #7 Mine Discharge, the largest source of pollution in the watershed, is from the mouth of the creek. It has a discharge of 4.7 to 19 cubic feet per second. The temperature in the area of the Newport Creek watershed ranges from in January to in July. As of 1974, the average snowfall in the watershed is per year. On average, of rainfall in the Newport Creek watershed per year. In the watershed of South Branch Newport Creek, there is an average annual runoff of . Watershed The Newport Creek watershed has an area of . There are of streams in the watershed. The watershed is bounded by the community of Nanticoke on the eastern side and the watershed of Black Creek. It is up to long from east to west and up to