of CCDC42B gene in distant homologs (non-mammalian): birds, reptile, amphibians and fish and identities that range between 23%-40%. The figure shows comparison between strict orthologs and distant homologs for conservation of CCDC42B (purple color: matched amino acid residues ; blue: conserved residues ; pink: similar residues ; white: different residues ) Phylogeny According to Biology Workbench, a phylogenetic tree was constructed showing the divergent of CCDC42B across species.The percent identity vs. the divergent time of orthologs species compared to human sequence is shown below. The figure illustrates the evolutionary history of CCDC42B gene in various species (shown in the orthologs space). The closely related species has higher percent identity, which provides statistical evidence for higher amino acids conservation.Distantly related species to human CCDC42B showed lower percent identity, which supports the few conservation of amino acid residue. The figure highlights the amount of changes occurred in CCDC42B evolution and rate of mutation in the gene. Protein According to SAPS tool, Human CCDC42B protein is composed of 308 amino acids of 8 exons. The mature form of CCDC42B protein has molecular weight of 35.9 kdal (35,914 Da). The isoelectric point for human CCDC42B is 7.01, in which CCDC42B protein carries no net charge at that particular pH. The N-terminal of the protein sequence is composed of Met (M). The grand average of hydropathicity was predicted to be -0.694 for CCDC42B (Human) and -0.398 for Drosophila melanogaster CG10750, distantly related orthologs. The negative GRAVY confirms that both proteins are soluble and hydrophilic. The theoretical instability index (II) for CCDC42B is predicted to be 63.73 and for CG10750 is 45.20, which indicate that, both proteins are instable in a test tube. The half-life of is predicted to be 30 hours for both CCDC42B and CG10750 in mammalian reticulocytes (in vitro), which correspond to half-life for enzymes responsible for controlling metabolic rate. The above results confirmed that both CCDC42B and CG10750 share similarities in amino acid composition and protein characteristics. Thus, many characteristics of CCDC42B have been conserved across closely and distantly related species. Primary sequence & variants/isoforms Human CCDC42B gene contains 9 introns and 8 different mRNA transcripts are produced: 4 alternatively spliced variants and 4 un-spliced variants. Alternative splicing results in encoding 2 very good proteins, 3 good proteins and 3 non-coding proteins. Domains and motifs CCDC42B protein of unknown function contains coiled-coil domain of unknown function (DUF4200) that belongs to Eukaryote family