Myloplus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Serrasalmidae found in tropical and subtropical South America, where they inhabit rivers and streams (both slow and fast-flowing). They are primarily herbivores, but also take some animal matter. Depending on the exact species, they reach up to in standard length. Adult males have a double-lobed anal fin and filamentous extensions on the dorsal fin, and both sexes (but especially males) can be brightly colored when breeding. Species There are currently 15 recognized species in this genus. Many of these were formerly included in Myleus. Myloplus arnoldi C. G. E. Ahl, 1936 Myloplus asterias (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844) Myloplus levis (C. H. Eigenmann & McAtee, 1907) Myloplus lobatus (Valenciennes, 1850) Myloplus lucienae M. C. Andrade, Ota, Bastos & Jégu, 2016 Myloplus nigrolineatus R. P. Ota, V. N. Machado, M. C. Andrade, R. A. Collins, I. P. Farias & Hrbek, 2020 Myloplus planquettei Jégu, Keith & Le Bail, 2003 Myloplus rhomboidalis (G. Cuvier, 1818) Myloplus rubripinnis (J. P. Müller & Troschel, 1844) Myloplus schomburgkii (Jardine, 1841) Myloplus ternetzi (Norman, 1929) Myloplus tiete (C. H. Eigenmann & A. A. Norris, 1900) Myloplus torquatus (Kner, 1858) Myloplus tumukumak M. C. Andrade, Jégu & Gama, 2018 Myloplus zorroi M. C. Andrade, Jégu & Giarrizzo, 2016 References Fish of South America Serrasalmidae Taxa named by Theodore Gill Ray-finned fish genera