The Mainz bypass railway () is a bypass around the Mainz Hauptbahnhof node primarily used for freight in the German states of Hesse and Rhineland Palatinate. History Even after Mainz Hauptbahnhof was moved to its present location in 1884, it soon became a bottleneck for traffic again. This was mainly due to the need to use the Mainz Tunnel, which only had two tracks. In 1900, the Prussian-Hessian Railway Company (Königlich Preußische und Großherzoglich Hessischen Staatseisenbahnen or K.P.u.G.H.St.E.), supported by the governments of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Hesse, decided to solve this problem by building a rail bypass. While this required a complex route involving bridges, it avoided the need for freight traffic to run through Mainz Hauptbahnhof. The line entered operation on 2 May 1904. Route The 15.1 km long line begins in Mainz-Mombach station. It crosses the Rhine on the Emperor Bridge, which was built for the line, reaching an area that is now in the city of Wiesbaden and crosses the Taunus Railway south of Wiesbaden Ost station. There are grade separated entrances and exits towards Wiesbaden and Koblenz. The line runs in a wide arc around Mainz-Kastel. In Mainz-Kostheim it crosses the Taunus Railway again; at Kostheim junction it is possible to transfer to the line to Frankfurt. Then it reaches the Kostheim Bridge over the Main, crosses the Rhine-Main Railway and runs in a wide arc into Mainz-Bischofsheim station. From there it is possible to continue via the Main Railway to Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof (and formerly to the now demolished Frankfurt main freight yard) and the Rhine-Main Railway to Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof. The construction of the bypass allows the operation of trains from Frankfurt and Mainz-Bischofsheim freight yard over the Mainz–Ludwigshafen line towards Worms, without reversal in Mainz Hauptbahnhof. This route, however, is rarely used due to the need to run through Mainz Tunnel. Igelstein connecting curve A single-track connecting curve from the former Igelstein junction to the East Rhine Railway has been under construction since early 2011 under the “seaport hinterland transport emergency program” (Sofortprogramms Seehafenhinterlandverkehr). According to the tender, this involves a 1,200 m long single-track connection, including two ground frames. The curve allows all freight trains through the district of Mainz-Kastel to run via the bypass, avoiding conflict with regional passenger services. Monuments This Mainz bypass runs over a series of bridges. The historic bridges on the bypass were