The Franz Grillparzer Prize was a literary award, named after the writer Franz Grillparzer. It was established in 1872, shortly after his death, by his lover, Katharina Fröhlich. After her death in 1879, the award was continued by a donation to the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Until 1971, the prize was presented every three years to "das relativ beste deutsche dramatische Werk, das im Lauf der letzten 3 Jahre auf einer namhaften Bühne zur Aufführung gelangte und nicht schon vorher von anderer Seite durch einen Preis ausgezeichnet worden ist" ("the relatively best German dramatic work, which has been performed on a well-known stage during the last three years and has not been awarded a prize by another group"). Prizes awarded by the Academy from 1875 to 1938 1875: Adolf von Wilbrandt for Gracchus der Volkstribun 1884: Ernst von Wildenbruch 1887: Ludwig Anzengruber 1890: Adolf von Wilbrandt 1896: Gerhart Hauptmann for Hanneles Himmelfahrt 1899: Gerhart Hauptmann for Fuhrmann Henschel 1902: Otto Erich Hartleben for Rosenmontag 1905: Gerhart Hauptmann for Der arme Heinrich 1908: Arthur Schnitzler for Zwischenspiel 1911: Karl Schönherr 1917: Karl Schönherr 1920: Karl Schönherr for Kindertragödie 1923: Fritz von Unruh 1926: Franz Werfel 1929: Max Mell 1935: 1938: Franz Theodor Csokor The prize was not awarded in 1878, 1881, 1893 and 1932. In 1914, the prize was going to be given to Arthur Schnitzler for Professor Bernhardi, but the ceremony was cancelled following objections made by the philosopher, . Prizes given by the City of Vienna, under National Socialism The ceremonies were held under the auspices of the local Reichsgau and presided over by the Gauleiter and Reichsstatthalter, Baldur von Schirach. The jury consisted of eight persons appointed by him. 1940 Max Mell 1941 Ina Seidel 1942 1943 , Josef Weinheber and Josef Wenter, for his lifework 1944 Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer Prizes awarded by the Academy from 1947 to 1971 1947: 1950: no award 1953: Rudolf Bayr 1956: Fritz Hochwälder 1959: no award 1962: 1965: Felix Braun for Orpheus 1968: Friedrich Dürrenmatt for Der Besuch der alten Dame 1971: Thomas Bernhard for Ein Fest für Boris In 1968, the award was originally set to be given to Dürrenmatt for his play, Die Physiker, but was changed when that play came under criticism for being "anti-science". The Grillparzer Prize since 1990 In 1990, following an article by the cultural critic, Christian Michelides, lamenting the "disappearance" of the Prize, a "Committee