of Confederate defenses on Island Number Ten in the Mississippi River on March 15, 1862. Soon thereafter, on April 7, 1862, Mackall was taken prisoner when the Union Army under Major General John Pope captured the island at the Battle of Island Number Ten. Mackall was exchanged on August 15, 1862. He then held a staff position as commissary of subsistence in the Department of East Tennessee between November 5, 1862, and December 8, 1862. Mackall was in command of the Confederate Department of the Gulf for six days in December 1862. Until mid-April, he served in command of the western part of the district after Major General Simon Bolivar Buckner was assigned to command the district and to fortify the defenses of Mobile, Alabama. Between April 17, 1863, and October 12, 1863, Mackall served in the Army of Tennessee as chief of staff to General Braxton Bragg, his classmate at West Point. Mackall was relieved at his own request after the Battle of Chickamauga. Then, he commanded a brigade in Major General John H. Forney's division in the Confederate Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana between October 16, 1863, and January 26, 1864. Between January 26, 1864, and August 24, 1864, Mackall served as chief of staff in the Army of Tennessee under General Joseph E. Johnston. Mackall declined to serve with the Army of Tennessee when General John Bell Hood replaced General Johnston. After the end of his service with the Army of Tennessee on August 24, 1864, Mackall was inactive at Macon, Georgia. He was in command of Confederate forces in south Georgia between March 23, 1865, and April 20, 1865, when he was captured by Union troops at Macon, but he saw no active service during this time. No record of his parole has been found. Aftermath Mackall speculated in real estate and owned several farms in Fairfax County, Virginia after the war. William W. Mackall died on August 12, 1891, at "Langley," one of his farms in Fairfax County. He is buried at Lewinsville Presbyterian Church Cemetery, McLean, Virginia, on the site of "Lewinsville," another of his farms. See also List of American Civil War generals (Confederate) Notes References Boatner, Mark Mayo, III. The Civil War Dictionary. New York: McKay, 1988. . First published New York, McKay, 1959. Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001.