in wildlife illustration. The traditional printer's mark of the company was a heart-shaped leaf with serrated edges, sometimes called a "Judenkirsche" ("Jews cherry"). Despite the Jewish origin of the company, as a "Devisenbringer"—a company that brought in foreign currency—the print shop was tolerated for a time after the Nazi regime came into power in 1933. Friedländer's press employed specialist artists for different types of posters, including Christian Bettels, considered one of the best animal draftsmen of his time. The company produced over 9,000 posters over its lifetime, catering almost exclusively to artists, magicians and circus and vaudeville performers. In 1935, the last poster designed by the Friedländer company appeared with the production number 9,078. Reception Friedländer posters can be found in antiquarian shops, in private collections and in museums such as the Munich Stadtmuseum. Since the late 1970s, his posters have drawn increasing attention, being featured in exhibitions and published works. Approximately 200 posters were published in 1979 by Ruth Malhotra. In 2002, Stephan Oettermann and Jan J. Seffinga created an index of Friedländer posters containing detailed descriptions of the works and an extensive bibliography; in 2004 a fourth revised edition was issued. A Dutch private collection is available online. Friedländer's posters have been often reprinted and are available from many sources. Despite their recognizable provenance, not all Friedländer poster designs displayed his printer's mark, nor the direct authorship note sometimes included: "Lith Adolph Friedländer Hamburg". Accordingly, it is believed that there are still original designs in existence that are yet to be found. Gallery Bibliography Ruth Malhotra: Manege frei. Artisten- und Zirkusplakate von Adolph Friedländer. Dortmund 1979 Stephan Oettermann, Jan. J. Seffinga: Adolph Friedländer Lithos. Gerolzhofen 2002 References This article draws heavily on the corresponding article Adolph Friedländer in the German-language Wikipedia, accessed in the version of 21 August 2011. External links Friedländer posters from the collection of Jaap Best at Circusmuseum.nl German printmakers 19th-century German Jews German illustrators Artists from Hamburg 19th-century German artists 20th-century German male artists 1851 births 1904 deaths German lithographers 19th-century lithographers 20th-century lithographers Businesspeople from Hamburg