North American cities began to build their own cultural institutions. William Raphael and Adolphe Vogt were also working in Montreal at that time. These three artists all portrayed the Canadian landscape, foreshadowing in some ways the work of the Group of Seven. Their paintings may have influenced the formation of the Canadian 'luminist' school which included Lucius O'Brien. From Montreal, Jacobi moved to Philadelphia then later to Toronto, after being invited to join the Ontario Society of Artists in 1876. He remained active in all three cities, dividing his time between them for the next fifteen years. For a short time Jacobi was a teacher at the Ontario College of Art and Design, the largest and oldest university for art and design in Canada. His works were presented at the annual Art Association of Montreal (starting in 1880) and the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, which he became president of in 1890. He died in Ardoch, North Dakota. Selected illustrations In: Reinick, Robert. Lieder eines Malers mit Randzeichnungen seiner Freunde. – between 1836 and 1852. Lieder eines Malers mit Randzeichnungen seiner Freunde. – Düsseldorf: Schulgen-Bettendorff, 1838. Digital copy from University of Düsseldorf Lieder eines Malers mit Randzeichnungen seiner Freunde. – Düsseldorf: Schulgen-Bettendorff, 1838. Digital copy from University of Düsseldorf Lieder eines Malers mit Randzeichnungen seiner Freunde. – Düsseldorf : Buddeus, between 1839 and 1846. Digital copy from University of Düsseldorf Lieder eines Malers mit Randzeichnungen seiner Freunde. – Leipzig : Vogel, ca. 1852. Digital copy from University of Düsseldorf Honours Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, 1880 See also List of German Canadians References External links Otto Reinhold Jacobi at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online Franziska Jacobi fonds at the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario 1812 births 1901 deaths 19th-century German painters 19th-century German male artists German male painters 19th-century Canadian painters Canadian male painters Artists from Montreal Artists from Königsberg German emigrants to Canada OCAD University faculty Kunstakademie Düsseldorf alumni 19th-century Canadian male artists Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts Düsseldorf school of painting Canadian landscape painters German landscape painters