morphological unit with the noun, noun classifiers are free, though exist in the same noun phrase of the noun they qualify. These lexical items are a distinctive trait of Mamaindê and all Nambikwara languages, being "a crucial component of the morphology". A set of 24 noun classifiers exist in Mamaindê; some required (when the classifier changes the meaning of the base, for example) and others optional due to redundancy. In this language, the classifier is obligatory "in such a construction" as nouns are frequently characterized by physical attributes (shape, state, function, etc.). They are ultimately distributed into 3 functional categories: noun modifiers as in (a), anaphoric substitutes as in (b) and verbal nominalizers as in (c). These functional categories "demonstrate the pervasive and productive nature of this morphological class". Suffix Reduplication In Mamaindê, suffixed reduplication occurs in nouns and verbs. The two types are monosyllabic suffixes and disyllabic suffixes. The two types exist because either can occur when affixed to disyllabic root. The suffixed reduplicates do not, in Mamaindê, copy the same syllable structure as the root. Codas never copy therefore suffix reduplication only occurs when there is one mora in the syllable. The two templates and examples are displayed below. Suffixing Reduplication Templates MONOSYLLABIC: σµ DISYLLABIC: σµ σµ Syntax The Impersonal Construction Mamaindê is a head-final language with both transitive and intransitive clauses. Transitive clauses take the structure of SOV and intransitive clauses take the order of SV. Mamaindê has a construction called the impersonal construction. In this construction, a dummy/semantically-empty third person subject is brought in and the first person subject is regulated to an oblique status. The impersonal construction affects the entire clause because it causes changes in verb-argument relations. Impersonal constructions are transitive on the surface level yet intransitive at the semantic level (except for a few exception that are semantically transitive). Impersonal constructions in Mamainde are similar to the absolute case in ergative systems, however certain distinctions still mark it as its own. They are similar in the way that they share the characteristic of using an object marker to mark the subject of certain intransitives therefore creating a formal link between the subject of intransitives and the object of transitive’s. This doesn’t occur with all intransitives in Mamaindê (only occurs with emotive verbs), therefore it is considered a split-intransitive system. There are five major distinctions that the impersonal construction in Mamaindê holds that separates