(hamon) resulting from repeated grinding or faulty tempering. – notch in the cutting edge (ha), dividing the blade proper from the tang (nakago). (see image) – border between the tempered part of the ha (cutting edge) and the untempered part of the rest of the sword; the temper-line. (see image) – see ha. – patterns and shapes such as lines, streaks, dots and hazy reflections that appear in addition to the grain pattern (jihada) and the temper line (hamon) on the surface of the steel and are a result of sword polishing. – see matsukawa-hada. – see hiraji. – curved surface between ridge (shinogi) and temper line (hamon). Also called hira. If polished, the hiraji appears blue-black. (see image) – a nearly flat blade without ridge (shinogi) or yokote. (see image) – temper line (hamon) with tempering marks visible around the ridge and near the edge of the blade. – see shinogi-zukuri. I – a fully tempered point area (kissaki) because the hamon turns back before reaching the point. – a bōshi which turns back in a straight horizontal line with a short kaeri. – a short, stubby blade point (kissaki). – top ridge of the back edge (mune), the back ridge. (see image) – surface grain pattern (jihada) of scattered irregular ovals resembling wood grain. The small/large grain pattern of this type is called ko-itame-hada/ō-itame-hada. J – area between the ridge (shinogi) and the hamon. – generally used to refer to the material of the blade. – visible surface pattern of the steel resulting from hammering and folding during the construction. (also see masame-hada, mokume-hada, itame-hada and ayasugi-hada) – nie that appears in the hiraji. – a sword produced before the mid-Heian period. Unlike later blades, these are straight swords. The term is also used to refer to the respective period of swordsmanship which was followed by the kotō period. – multiple overlapping clove shaped chōji midare patterns. – a bayonet. K – part of the temper line (hamon) that extends from the tip of the bōshi to the back edge (mune). – a dagger concealed in the clothing. – blade thickness measured across the back edge (mune). (see also motokasane and sakikasane) – curved sword with a blade length (nagasa) longer than . Worn thrust through the belt with the blade edge (ha) facing upward. It superseded the older starting in the Muromachi period, after 1392. Also a