purely at the type-level. The ground level of PSL uses the primitives of event-instance, object-instance, and timepoint description. The types above the ground level of PSL have also been expressed in PSL, showing that the type-level and the ground level are relatively independent. The type-levels for the Cyc process ontology above this ground level use the following concepts: Process – formalized as a script Aggregate process – a process at a level above that of a single episode of a process, to represent the numbers of participants in an action by ranges of integers and qualitative values like few or many Script – a typical pattern of events that can be expected to re-occur a script has subevents, which means that scripts are composite events Scene – a subevent of a script Roles/participants – specifies types of actors and objects that may play in the script or scene Conditions – precondition(s) that must be true for a scene (event) to be executable, and postcondition(s) (effects) that must be true after a scene Repetition – the number of repetitions of a process may be known, or may be unspecified, or may be repeated until a specific condition is true Properties of ordering and constitution of repeated subevents for composite processes: Begin-Ordered – subevents start at distinct time points that are totally ordered End-Ordered – subevents end at distinct time points that are totally ordered EndsBeforeEnd – subevents end before or at the same time as subevent instances which start before them Sequential – no overlapping subevents Terminating – there is a subevent after which no other subevents begin, and since all activities have a begin and end point, there is a time point at which the process ends Uniform – all subevents are of the same event type Identity – the identity of participants in a process, that actor(s) or object(s) playing a role in one scene or repetition are the same as those in another scene or repetition, is represented by constraints on possible participants SUPER and DDPO The project SUPER (Semantics Utilised for Process management within and between EnteRprises) has a goal of the definition of ontologies for Semantic Business Process Management (SBPM), but these ontologies can be reused in diverse environments. Part of this project is to define an Upper Process Ontology (UPO) that ties together all other SUPER ontologies. The results of the project SUPER include the