of the particular companies result in different site-related factors and different emphasis on the individual factors respectively. For a cost-oriented foreign investment one would lay a stronger emphasis upon the cost- and production-oriented factors and the choice of location would be made thereafter. In contrast, for marketing-oriented investments factors such as competitive environment and size of the market will be of higher importance. Peren–Clement’s risk-index is thus coined by three categories of influencing factors: Company-wide factors Cost- and production-oriented factors Marketing-oriented factors The index can be complemented, amongst others, by inclusion of additional motives. For instance companies that aim to secure their raw material base, will keep an eye on the accessibility of raw material sources. For this the political stability and compliance with stipulations play a role. The total achieved score for the individual country can now be classified in the model. Hereby the respective country-specific risks can be graded into classes and an estimation of risks can be made. References Further reading Franz W. Peren, Reiner Clement: Peren-Clement Index – PCI 2.0: Evaluation of Foreign Direct Investments through Simultaneous Assessment at the Macro and Corporate Levels. Passau: MUR-Verlag, 2019. External links Peren-Clement-Index, Gabler Lexikon Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden (ed.): 333 Keywords Marktforschung: Grundwissen für Manager, 2013, P. 137. Country-specific Risk Wiesbaden, Springer Fachmedien, ed. Kompakt-Lexikon Marketingpraxis: 2.200 Begriffe nachschlagen, verstehen, anwenden. Springer-Verlag, 2014. Risk analysis methodologies