block-and-fault dynamics Quantitative models of a fault network interaction in the Tibet-Himalayan region to explain seismicity and slip rates at major regional faults; Peculiarities of the Vrancea intermediate-depth seismicity Seismic and Volcanic Hazard and Risk Deterministic and probabilistic seismic hazard assessments for the Vrancea region (Romania), Tibet-Himalaya, and Shillong Plateau (India). Earthquake risk assessment for the Baku city (Azerbaijan); Volcanic lava hazard evaluation based on lava flow with debris. Tectonic Stress Understanding of tectonic stress localization and its change in the lithospheric slab in terms of style of the slab subduction; Explanation of coexisting shortening - extension and seismic activity in the Central Apennines by the buoyancy of the lithosphere; Tectonic stress localization in the Vrancea earthquake-prone body beneath the south-eastern Carpathians. Sedimentary Basins Introduction of eclogitization-induced mantle flow mechanism for sedimentary basin evolution; Quantitative models of the evolution of intracratonic sedimentary basins in North America (Illinois, Michigan and Williston basins), East European (Dnieper-Donets, Moscow, Pre-Ural, Timan-Pechora basins), and Siberian (Tunguska and Viluy basins) platforms; Models of geothermal evolution of the Astrakhan Arch of the Pricaspian Basin. Numerical methods for geodynamics New numerical methods and algorithms of an enhanced accuracy to study problems of Earth's dynamics; Numerical methodology for data assimilation in geodynamics (backward advection, variational/adjoint, and quasi-reversibility methods). Gravitational and Thermal Instability Theoretical results in problems of Rayleigh-Taylor and Rayleigh-Bernard instabilities of the (geo) structures including analysis of Newtonian, Maxwell, non-Newtonian power law, and perfectly plastic rheologies; Applications to salt diapirism: Models of salt structure evolution in the Pricaspain Basin Science organization, history and diplomacy Activities in national, regional, international, and intergovernmental organizations Alik Ismail-Zadeh is active in promoting science research, science excellency and science for society worldwide. From 2018 to 2021, Ismail-Zadeh served as (inaugural) secretary-general of the International Science Council (ISC), the largest international non-governmental science organization designed to defend the inherent value of science and to provide a powerful and credible voice for science. Also, he was (inaugural) chair of the ISC Awards Programme Committee, and currently he is a senior adviser to the ISC governing board (2021–2024). Ismail-Zadeh was elected secretary-general of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) in 2007, and served the union for 12 years in this capacity (until 2019). Also, he served the union as chair of the IUGG Commission on Geophysical Risk and Sustainability (2003–2007). He is currently chair of the IUGG Commission on Mathematical Geophysics (2019–2023). Also, he