zones, rivers, and canals, with its own flotation or on pylons. In contrast to other types of turbines such as Pelton, Francis, and Kaplan, it does not need a high water head or penstock. This makes it applicable in low head environments such as coastal passageways, where tidal currents are strongest. Water wall turbines do not require barrages or catchment ponds and thus have minimal impact on the tidal effect in estuaries, making them suitable for sensitive environments. All of the electrical and mechanical components of a water wall turbine are in closed-containment above the waterline, mitigating the environmental impact to the waterway. The blades are arranged along the horizontal axis and turn slower than the speed of the current which results in a minimal risk to fish, sea mammals, or their habitats. See also Tidal stream generator Hydropower Hydroelectricity Francis turbine Gorlov helical turbine Kaplan turbine Pelton wheel References External links Canadian Hydraulics Centre of National Research Council Canada in Ottawa Water Wall Turbine Dent Island Tidal Power Generation Project Front End Engineering and Design Study (FEED) for the Dent Island Tidal Power Generation Project Water Wall Turbine Inc. Tidal power Tidal stream generators Water turbines Renewable energy technology Marine energy