Poland is now slowly disappearing. It was formerly found also in Sweden. Although the use of generally coincides with the use of title plus surname, especially in northern and eastern Germany, there is an intermediate address combining with the first name (), whereas in the Berlin region, sometimes is combined with the surname (). The former usage also occurs when addressing teenagers, household staff, or guests of TV or radio programs, while the latter style is usually considered inferior and mainly occurs in working class environments, on schoolyards and in barracks. It may be associated with professional contexts, when colleagues have known one another for a long time, but, e.g. due to differences of status, do not want to switch to the usual style; or in situations where strangers (e.g. customers) are present for whom it would not be appropriate to learn the first name of the addressee. When speaking to more than one person in formal situations where one would use to each one of them separately, Standard German uses . However, in this situation can often be heard instead, especially in the South of Germany and in Swiss German dialects, and is standard usage for pastors when preaching. If the standard here is followed, then the usage varies when addressing a group containing both and persons: Some speakers use the informal plural , others prefer the formal , and many, concerned that both pronouns might cause offence, prefer to use circumlocutions that avoid either pronoun, for example by expressing an imperative in infinitive form (), by applying the passive voice (), or using the indefinite pronoun (). Historical predecessors: and / Formerly, the 2nd person plural ("ye") was used to address social superiors, unless more informal relations had been established. The use of as the polite form, has still survived in Bernese German and other Alemannic dialects, as this is the case with in the French language. in this case has to be capitalized. However, itself shows a degree of informality, and would for example be used in addressing one's father. For the formal address, the third person would be used; and this in the singular with , (capitalized) to a social inferior, as a farmer addressing a stableboy, or in the plural to a social superior. It is from the latter occurrences that modern takes its origin; is the 3rd person plural pronoun. However, itself is relatively