of political power was due to their failure to properly influence men as mothers, and that women in the U.S. had otherwise already attained all the legal and economic rights they need. The book was reviewed in The New York Times. The following year, Hale published a pamphlet titled "Woman suffrage: Article on the biological and sociological aspects of the woman question". Anti-vaccination and natural hygiene After her son Shelton's death in 1920 following unsuccessful brain surgery, Hale became set against the medical establishment. In 1926, Hale defended homeopathy and authored the book These Cults, a rejoinder to Morris Fishbein's Medical Follies. In 1935, she published The Medical Voodoo which put forward her anti-vaccination views. In the book, Hale laid out arguments against vaccination based on theories of "natural healing" as well as a critique of "medical experimentation" on the lower classes and vulnerable segments of society. The book was reviewed negatively in The American Mercury and positively regarded by alternative medicine advocate Herbert Shelton. Selected publications Rooseveltian Fact and Fable (1908) Bull Moose Trails (Volume 1, Volume 2, 1912) The Eden Sphinx (1916) Woman Suffrage (1917) Curing with Water (Physical Culture, 1922) The Constitution vs. The Local Theory of Cancer (Pearson's Magazine, 1922) "These Cults" (1926) The Medical Voodoo (1935) A School Ma'am Looks at Money (1940) References 1859 births 1944 deaths 20th-century American women Alternative cancer treatment advocates Alternative medicine activists American anti-vaccination activists Anti-suffragists Orthopaths 20th-century American people