2019 were in US dollars. The number of transactions in dollars raised up to 86% in Maracaibo. The survey also found that almost all sales of electrical appliances are dollarized, as well as half of the sales of clothes, spare car parts and food. In a November 2019 interview with Venezuelan journalist José Vicente Rangel, President Nicolás Maduro described dollarization as an "escape valve" that helps the recovery of the country, the spread of productive forces in the country and the economy. However, Maduro said that the Venezuelan bolívar will still remain as the national currency. Some Venezuelan banks began to issue debit cards in U.S. dollars on January 29, 2021. See also Hyperinflation in Brazil Hyperinflation in Zimbabwe International sanctions during the Venezuelan crisis Venezuelan bolívar Viernes Rojo Viernes Negro References Inflation by country Crisis in Venezuela 2010s in Venezuela 2020s in Venezuela 2010s economic history 2020s economic history Man-made disasters in Venezuela Economic crises Economic history of Venezuela