Russian uses phonetic transcription for the Cyrillization of its many loanwords from French. Some use is made of Cyrillic's iotation features to represent French's front rounded vowels and etymologically-softened consonants. Consonants In the table below, the symbol represents either a "softened" consonant or the approximant . When applicable, a softened consonant can be indicated in transcription either by a following iotified vowel or by . Doubled French consonants remain doubled in their Russian transcription: Rousseau – Руссо. Silent consonants (common in French) are generally not transcribed, except where they exist in the surface form due to liaison. Vowels Finally, the softened consonants modify the following vowels: Neither nor are doubled. Bibliography Paul Garde, La Transcription des noms propres français en russe, Paris, Institut d'études slaves, 1974, 63 pages, 25 cm, collection « Documents pédagogiques de l'Institut d'études slaves » n° X, French French language