Stanfield as party leader. At the 1983 leadership convention, Clark was defeated by Brian Mulroney, who became leader. In 1998, he succeeded Jean Charest as party leader. Upon his retirement from politics in 2003, he was succeeded by Peter MacKay. Clark also passed two leadership reviews after the 1980 general election, at the conventions of 1981 and 1983. 1976 Leadership Convention When Robert Stanfield announced his resignation as party leader in 1976, Clark was one of a crowded field of candidates in the leadership convention. He won the leadership on the fourth ballot. 1 Rounding error. Leadership Reviews: 1981, 1983 The Progressive Conservative party held leadership reviews of Clark's leadership at the conventions of 1981 and 1983. At the 1981 convention, 66.5% of the delegates voted in favour of Clark, with 33.5% voting against him. Clark continued on as leader, but at the 1983 convention, a similar review was held. Clark won 66.9% of the delegates, with 33.1% voting against him. He concluded that this level of support was not sufficient, and announced his resignation as leader, triggering an election convention, while also announcing that he planned to contest the leadership again at the convention. 1983 Leadership Convention The party held the leadership convention in the early summer of 1983. Clark was defeated on the fourth ballot by Brian Mulroney, who succeeded him as party leader. 1 Rounding error. 1998 Leadership Election In 1998, the Progressive Conservative Party held its leadership election under a new system. Instead of a convention with delegates, each Progressive Conservative constituency association had 100 points in the leadership election. Every member of the party could vote at the constituency level, to determine the allocation of the points for each constituency. A candidate had to win a majority of points (not necessarily votes) to win the leadership. Clark came out of retirement and won the leadership on the second round of ballots. See also Electoral history of Pierre Trudeau - Clark's principal opponent in two general elections, with whom he alternated as Prime Minister. Electoral history of Brian Mulroney - Clark's successor as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party. References External links Library of Parliament: History of Federal Ridings since 1867 CPAC – 1976 Progressive Conservative Leadership Convention CPAC – 1983 Progressive Conservative Leadership Convention CPAC – 1998 Progressive Conservative Leadership Convention Clark, Joe