Philosophie du Socialisme (1886) and L'anarchisme (1887). He was naturally opposed to anti-Guesdist socialists, many of whom were Freemasons, and wrote scathingly of Benoît Malon's "masonic socialism". As a Guesdist he saw inequality as a serious issue, and wrote, In August 1882 Marx visited Paris to visit his two daughters. Deville, Guesde and Marx's son-in-law Paul Lafargue lunched with him at the home of José Mesa(es) one day, and Marx later told Engels that he was fatigued by their lively talk, filled with "gossip and chatter". When both Guesde and Deville said they would challenge anyone who called them a coward to a duel, Marx told them the idiocy and immaturity of their comments was offensive. In 1887 Lafargue's La Socialiste, the organ of the Guesdist movement, was at risk of closing. Duc-Quercy, Lafarge and Guesde went to Marseille in an attempt to expand circulation. Deville donated funds from an inheritance, which kept the paper alive until early February 1888, when it ceased publication until September 1890. Pragmatic socialist In the early 1890s Deville gradually withdrew from formal POF membership, although his work continued to show Guesdist influences. On July 1, 1893, George Diamandy published the first issue of L'Ère Nouvelle ("The New Era"), a "monthly for scientific socialism". It viewed itself as both a literary and a sociological review: dedicated to promoting naturalism and historical materialism. It openly provoking the reading public to explore the work of Émile Zola and attacked "reactionary" critics. It also proudly called itself "eclectic". L'Ère Nouvelle hosted articles by Marxist thinkers from the various countries of Europe: primarily Friedrich Engels and Paul Lafargue, but also Georgi Plekhanov, Clara Zetkin, Karl Kautsky, Jean Jaurès, Gabriel Deville and Jules Guesde. Deville published L'Etat et le Socialisme (1893), Socialisme, révolution, internationalisme (1893) and Principes socialistes (1896). His Introduction to the abridged Le Capital, de Karl Marx, résumé et accompagné d'un aperçu sur le socialisme scientifique is a masterly summary of Marx's analysis of the process of accumulation. It was highly effective in making the arguments in Marx's lengthy work accessible to the public. On 21 June 1896 Deville was elected deputy for the first district of the 4th arrondissement of Paris in a by-election after Désiré Barodet(fr) had resigned. He ran on an anti-Guesdist platform, and was among those vilified by the POF for their "dire spirit of personal vanity and the hunger for advantages". He ran