The gens Pilia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome. None of the Pilii attained any of the higher magistracies of the Roman state, and members of this gens are known primarily through the writings of Cicero, who was acquainted with a family of this name; but many others are known from inscriptions. Origin Chase classifies the nomen Pilius among the non-Latin gentilicia originating from various parts of Italy, although he was unable to be more specific. Praenomina The main praenomina used by the Pilii were Marcus, Publius, Quintus, and Gaius, four of the most common names throughout Roman history. Lucius, Aulus, and Manius are found in filiations. Members Marcus Pilius, possibly the father-in-law of Atticus, sold an estate to Gaius Albanius, circa 45 BC. Pilia (M. f.), the wife of Cicero's close friend, Titus Pomponius Atticus, whom she married in 56 BC. Quintus Pilius (M. f.) Celer, probably the brother-in-law of Atticus, served under Caesar during the Gallic Wars. In 51 BC, he accused Marcus Servilius of repetundae, maladministration or extortion in the governance of his province. Cicero asked Atticus to send him a copy of Celer's speech. Publius Pilius P. l. Anops, a freedman buried at Luceria in Apulia, together with Pilia Apicula and her son, Publius Pilius Felix, in a tomb dating to the early first century AD. Pilia Ɔ. l. Apicula, a freedwoman, was buried at Luceria, with her son, Publius Pilius Felix, and Publius Pilius Anops. Publius Pilius P. l. Felix, a freedman, was buried at Luceria with his mother, Pila Apicula, and Publius Pilius Anops. Pilia P. l. Selenis, buried at Luceria during the early first century AD. Marcus Pilius S. f. Priscus, named in a dedicatory inscription from Trebula Mutusca in Samnium, dating to AD 60. Pilia Psaechas, the widow of Lucius Mummius Restitutus, who was buried at Albintimilium in Liguria during the second century AD. They were married for forty years. Undated Pilii Pilia A. f., buried at Tarquinii in Etruria, aged sixty-five. Pilia L. f., buried at Amiternum in Samnium. Marcus Pilius, mentioned in an inscription from Pompeii. Pilia M. l. Andromaca, a freedwoman buried at Narbo in Gallia Narbonensis. Marcus Pilius M. l. Antiochus, a freedman named in a funerary inscription from Rome. Pilia C. l. Callistenis, a freedwoman named in an inscription from Rome. Pilia C. l Cleopatra, named in an inscription from Rome. Marcus Pilius Dius, mentioned