Eßweiler, for example, received such training when he did his military service in 1852 with an infantry battalion in Kaiserslautern. Bands The bands (Kapellen or Banden), were put together by the bandmaster, an experienced wandering musician, relatives were often preferred. On longer journeys, several conductors would sometimes join their bands together. Most of the bands consisted of five to ten musicians, but they could also have 20 or more members. The musicians were employees of the bandleader and received their wages after the trip from him, which were determined depending on their skills, their experience and the income of the band. The instrumentation was mostly mixed, pure wind or string groups were less common. The conductor had to make sure that even more demanding pieces could be included in the repertoire in order to get better paid engagements. Easily transportable, more robust instruments were preferred. The discipline of the musicians was important, later on the external appearance and the appearance of the musicians was also emphasized. References Literature Marliese Fuhrmann: Kuckucksruf und Nachtigall. Die Pfälzer Wandermusikanten. Gollenstein, Blieskastel, 2000, . Paul P. J. Engel: Pfälzer Musikantenland-Museum auf Burg Lichtenberg. (= Landkreis Kusel. Nr. 1). Görres-Verlag, Koblenz, 2001, . Kurt Neufert: Rudi Rosenthal – Ein Musikant zieht durch die Welt. Verlag Pfälzer Kunst, Landau, 1986, . External links Westpfälzer Musikantenmuseum Mackenbach Informationen über Musikanten aus Eßweiler