that the perception of a race will prompt everyone to rush to deploy unsafe AI systems. In their desire to win, countries risk endangering themselves just as much as their opponents." Nick Bostrom and others developed a model that provides further evidence of such. The model found that a team possessing more information about other teams' capabilities caused more risk-taking and short cuts in their development of AI systems. Furthermore, the greater the enmity between teams, the greater the risk of ignoring precautions and leading to an AI disaster. Another danger of an AI arms race is the risk of losing control of the AI systems and the risk is compounded in the case of a race to artificial general intelligence, which Cave noted may present an existential risk. The third risk of an AI arms race is if the race is actually won by one group. An example of this risk is the consolidation of power and technological advantage in the hands of one group. If one group achieves superior AI technology "[i]t is only reasonable to conclude that AI-enabled capabilities could be used to threaten our critical infrastructure, amplify disinformation campaigns, and wage war.":1 Arms-race terminology is also sometimes used in the context of competition for economic dominance and "soft power"; for example, the November 2019 'Interim Report' of the United States' National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence, while stressing the role of diplomacy in engaging with China and Russia, adopts the language of a competitive arms race. It states that US military-technological superiority is vital to the existing world order:11 and stresses the ongoing US militarization of AI, together with militarization of AI by China and Russia, is for geopolitical purposes.:1-2 Stances toward military artificial intelligence Russia Russian General Viktor Bondarev, commander-in-chief of the Russian air force, stated that as early as February 2017, Russia was working on AI-guided missiles that could decide to switch targets mid-flight. Russia's Military Industrial Committee has approved plans to derive 30 percent of Russia's combat power from remote controlled and AI-enabled robotic platforms by 2030. Reports by state-sponsored Russian media on potential military uses of AI increased in mid-2017. In May 2017, the CEO of Russia's Kronstadt Group, a defense contractor, stated that "there already exist completely autonomous AI operation systems that provide the means for UAV clusters, when they fulfill missions autonomously, sharing tasks between them, and interact", and that