Pietro Ramaglia (1802-1875) was an Italian physician and surgeon. He is considered one of the leading figures in the history of medicine in Molise and of the neapolitan medicine of his time. Indeed, he was one of the most important doctors of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, being the personal physician of the King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. In medicine he was one of the proponents of the experimental anatomo-clinical method and founder of the Neapolitan positive-naturalistic school that opposed the vitalist theories then in vogue and supported in Milan by Giovanni Rasori and in Bologna by Giacomo Tommasini with his "New Italian Medical Doctrine". Studies Pietro Ramaglia was born on 31 March 1802 in Ripabottoni from a family of humble means: his father, Francesco (1773 - 1851) worked as a tailor, while his mother, Veneranda de Julio (1775 - 1815) was a farmer. He completed his elementary studies in his birth town, probably due to the poverty of his parents. Having shown excellent predisposition, he was sent to Larino's seminary to continue his studies. Released with the certificate of highly trained student, he was sent to complete his preparation in the Domenico Trotta's private college in Toro, Molise, situated in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The prof. Nasca, his friend and colleague, reports that the young Ramaglia, at the early age of 15, decided to study medicine after meeting with a doctor who had particularly struck him. He moved to Naples after completing his studies in Toro, Molise. There he was welcomed as an intern in the Royal Medical College, where he graduated in 1823, being awarded, in consideration of his academic distinction, with the complete exemption from any expense connected to the graduation. During his studies he was particularly appreciated by his professors for his acumen and the tenacious application to the study. Works After his graduation he entered as an assistant in the Ospedale degli Incurabili, Naples (Italian for "Hospital for Incurables"). Here he devoted himself, with particular interest, to the study of normal and pathological anatomy. Always updated on the progress of medicine, he developed a "diagnostic method" that was described and published by his student, dr. Domenico Capozzi. In 1833 he opened a private study, where he started his career as private lecturer, activity that he would have carried on up until 8 November 1849, when he was authorized to continue