Tio Tek Ho, 4th Majoor der Chinezen (; 1857 - 1908) was a Chinese-Indonesian bureaucrat who served as the fourth and penultimate Majoor der Chinezen or Chinese headman of Batavia, now Jakarta, capital of Indonesia. This was the most senior position in the Chinese officership, which constituted the Chinese arm of the civil bureaucracy in the Dutch East Indies. As Majoor, Tio was also the ex officio Chairman of the Chinese Council of Batavia (Dutch: Chinese Raad; Bahasa Indonesia: Kong Koan), the city's highest Chinese government body. Tio's tenure saw the founding of the influential, reformist Confucian organisation Tiong Hoa Hwee Koan in 1900, with which he had an uneasy relationship despite officially extending his mayoral patronage to the group. This was part of a broader modernising movement in the local Chinese community, which questioned the role of the traditional Chinese leadership and institutions in colonial Indonesia. Family background and business life Born in 1858 in the then prestigious district of Pasar Baroe, Batavia, Tio Tek Ho was a third-generation, locally-born Peranakan Chinese. He came from a long-established and wealthy family of merchants: both Tio's father Tio Tjeng Soey and grandfather Tio Him were prominent businessmen in the Dutch colonial capital. As director, Tio Tek Ho headed his late father's business, Erven Tio Tjeng Soey, which owned a notable, general trading store in Pasar Baroe. In addition, he also had other commercial interests, including in rice trading, pawn houses and a cement factory in Angke, called Ned-Ind. Cement-Onderneming Bintang. This business background differentiated Tio from his three mayoral predecessors, each of whom was a landheer (landlord) and either the son or son-in-law of a Chinese officer. The second half of the nineteenth century, however, saw the social ascent of the Tio family: they married into officer families and became part of the so-called 'Cabang Atas' or the local Chinese gentry of colonial Indonesia. Tio's uncle, Tio Tjeng Sioe, was married to Lie Loemoet Nio, a first cousin of his mayoral predecessor, Lie Tjoe Hong, the third Majoor der Chinezen of Batavia (1846–1896). Tio's first cousin, Tio Biet Nio, was married to Loa Tiang Hoei, Tio's predecessor in his earlier appointment as Kapitein der Chinezen of Pasar Baroe. Three of Tio's own siblings also married into the Cabang Atas. The future Majoor's main family residence in Batavia, Toko Kompak, is a sumptuous testimony to his family's social ascent and prominence, and