Job 38 is the 38th chapter of the Book of Job in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. The book is anonymous; most scholars believe it was written around 6th century BCE. This chapter records the speech of God to Job, which belongs to the "Verdicts" section of the book, comprising Job 32:1–42:6. Text The original text is written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 41 verses. Textual witnesses Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Aleppo Codex (10th century), and Codex Leningradensis (1008). There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC; some extant ancient manuscripts of this version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), and Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century). Analysis The structure of the book is as follows: The Prologue (chapters 1–2) The Dialogue (chapters 3–31) The Verdicts (32:1–42:6) The Epilogue (42:7–17) Within the structure, chapter 38 is grouped into the Verdict section with the following outline: Elihu's Verdict (32:1–37:24) God's Appearance (Yahweh Speeches) and Job's Responses (38:1–42:6) God's First Speech (38:1–40:2) Theme Verse and Summons (38:1–3) The Physical World (38:4–38) The Physical Earth (38:4–7) The Sea (38:8–11) The Morning (38:12–15) The Outer Limits of the Earth (38:16–18) Light and Darkness (38:19–21) The Waters – Snow, Hail, Rain, Frost, Ice (38:22–30) The Heavenly Bodies (38:31–33) Storms (38:34–38) The Animal World (38:39–40:2) God Provides for the Lions and Ravens (38:39–41) The Mountain Goats (39:1–4) The Wild Donkey (39:5–8) The Wild Ox (39:9–12) The Ostrich (39:13–18) The Warhorse (39:19–25) The Hawk and the Eagle (39:26–30) Brief Challenge to Answer (40:1–2) Job's First Reply – An Insufficient Response (40:3–5) God's Second Speech (40:6–41:34) Job's Second Reply (42:1–6) God's speeches in chapters 38–41 can be split in two parts, both starting with almost identical phrases and having a similar structure: The revelation of the Lord to Job is the culmination of the book of Job, that the Lord speaks directly to Job and displays his sovereign power and glory. Job has lived through the suffering—without cursing God, holding his integrity, and nowhere regretted it – but he was unaware of the real reason for his suffering, so God intervenes to resolve the spiritual issues that surfaced. Job was not punished for sin and