Thaumatophyllum (formerly Meconostigma) is a genus of flowering plants in the arum family, Araceae. Its species are native to northern (tropical) South America. Taxonomy The genus Thaumatophyllum was erected by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1859, with the sole species Thaumatophyllum spruceanum. In 1962, G.M. Barroso transferred T. spruceanum to Philodendron. (However, the transfer was not made correctly and Barroso's name Philodendron spruceanum is illegitimate.) While in Philodendron, T. spruceanum was placed, along with other species, in subgenus Meconostigma. A series of molecular phylogenetic studies, particularly from 2008 onwards, suggested that, when broadly circumscribed, Philodendron was not monophyletic. In 2018, it was proposed that subgenus Meconostigma should be raised to the rank of genus, under the name Thaumatophyllum. The proposal has been accepted by Plants of the World Online, among other taxonomic databases. The generic epithet Thaumatophyllum comes from Ancient Greek (, "miracle") + (, "leaf"). Phylogeny Relationships among the former subgenera of Philodendron and related genera are not yet fully resolved. Several studies that have produced a resolved tree suggest that relationships may be of the form: Species , Plants of the World Online accepted the following species: Thaumatophyllum adamantinum (Mart. ex Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum brasiliense (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum corcovadense (Kunth) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum dardanianum (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum leal-costae (Mayo & G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum lundii (Warm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum mello-barretoanum (Burle-Marx ex G.M.Barroso) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum paludicola (E.G.Gonç. & Salviani) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum petraeum (Chodat & Vischer) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum saxicola (K.Krause) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum solimoesense (A.C.Sm.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum speciosum (Schott ex Endl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum spruceanum Schott Thaumatophyllum stenolobum (E.G.Gonç.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum tweedieanum (Schott) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum uliginosum (Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum undulatum (Engl.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum venezuelense (G.S.Bunting) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum williamsii (Hook.f.) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo Thaumatophyllum xanadu (Croat, J.Boos & Mayo) Sakur., Calazans & Mayo References Araceae genera