revolutionary troops were poorly armed and vastly outclassed in training. They put up hardly any resistance. By that time, the Palatine uprising had become increasingly radical and no longer had broad support amongst the rural population. On 14 June 1849 the provisional government fled, and Bavarian officials returned to their positions. With the Battle of Ludwigshafen on 15 June and the Battle of Rinnthal on 17 June 1849, fighting on Palatine soil was practically over. The Palatine revolutionary army retreated on 18 June over the Knielingen Rhine bridge towards Baden, followed by its rearguard, the Willich Freikorps, on 19 June. As a result of the rebellion, the government pursued 333 legal cases under charges of high treason. Two death sentences were passed against revolutionary Bavarian officers. On 9 March 1850 in Landau in der Pfalz, Lieutenant Graf Fugger was executed; but Major Fach was able to escape. See also Baden Revolution May Uprising in Dresden Revolutions of 1848 in the German states References Literature Frank Lorenz Müller: Die Revolution von 1848/49. Darmstadt, 2002. Jonathan Sperber: Rhineland Radicals. The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848-1849. Princeton, 1991. Gustav Struve: Geschichte der drei Volkserhebungen in Baden. Verlag von Jenni, Sohn, Bern 1849. (amended reprint: Verlag Rombach, Freiburg i.Br., 1980, pp. 240–254) Johann Philipp Becker/ Christian Esselen: Geschichte der süddeutschen Mairevolution des Jahres 1849. Geneva, 1849 at Google Books Daniel Staroste: Tagebuch über die Ereignisse in der Pfalz und Baden im Jahre 1849: ein Erinnerungsbuch für die Zeitgenossen und für Alle, welche Theil nahmen an der Unterdrückung jenes Aufstandes, Vol. 1, Potsdam, 1852; Vol. 2, Potsdam, 1853 Otto Fleischmann: Geschichte des pfälzischen Aufstandes im Jahre 1849: nach den zugänglichen Quellen geschildert, E. Thieme, Kaiserslautern, 1899 at Internet.archive Daniel Fenner von Fenneberg: Zur Geschichte der rheinpfälzischen Revolution und des badischen Aufstandes, Zürich, 1850 Ludwig Bamberger: Erlebnisse aus der Pfälzischen Erhebung im Mai und Juni 1849. Frankfurt a.M. 1849 online at the University Library of Frankfurt Christian Zinn: Die Erhebung in der Rheinpfalz und die pfälzische Volkswehr in Baden, 1850 Friedrich Münich: Aus dem Leben Seiner Durchlaucht des Fürsten Carl Theodor v. Thurn und Taxis, königlich bayerischer General der Cavalerie: als Manuscript für d. Familie gedruckt. Straub, 1869, pp. 84–103 online at Google Books External links Name index of those who participated in the Palatine uprising of 1849 19th-century rebellions German revolutions of 1848–1849 History of the Palatinate (region) Conflicts in 1849 May 1849