sharing; an arrangement which he advocated and in which he took some personal pride. When the subsequent owners, G & C Hoskins attempted to change these employment arrangements to day labour, it began a series of bitter and sometimes violent strikes and lock outs lasting almost four years. Sandford expressed frustration that he had been forced to set up an iron and steel industry "without duties or a bonus"—something he himself saw as an impossibility—and he believed himself to have failed. This and the concern he held for his workforce explained much of the mental anguish that characterised his later years at Lithgow. Legacy Sandford is viewed, justifiably, as the father of the iron and steel industry in Australia. The plant at Lithgow was further expanded under G & C Hoskins ownership. Between 1928 and 1932, the iron and steel making operations at Lithgow were relocated to Port Kembla, where steel is still made today. The wire netting plant that Sandford established at Chiswick in 1884—owned first by Lysaght and later by BHP—survived until 1998. Many of Sandford's managers and workforce stayed on at the works under the new management and were part of the growth of the iron and steel industry in the following decades. His General Manager, William Thornley, left Lithgow and set up an iron and steel foundry, W. Thornley and Sons, at Sydenham, in Sydney, to make railway equipment. It later also made commercial woodworking machine tools. Sandford was associated with the growth of the township of Lithgow. The area between Railway Parade and Read Street, bounded by Roy Street and the laneway behind John Street was subdivided by Sandford for housing in 1897 and, in 1902, Spooner and Harley Streets were added. Roy, Clarice and John Streets are named after Sandford's children. Sandford Avenue in Lithgow is named after him. The continuation of Main Street, west of the Great Western Highway is Caroline Avenue, likely named after Caroline Sandford, his wife. The ruin of the blower house of Sandford's blast furnace still stands in what is now the Blast Furnace Park, Lithgow. Sandford's home, 'Eskroy Park'—later the home of Charles Hoskins— is now part of the clubhouse of the Lithgow Golf Club, and the surrounding land that he once owned is now the golf course. The collection of the Powerhouse Museum, includes an iron pig, cast on the day that Sandford's blast furnace was opened.Sandford