Events in the year 1909 in Germany. Incumbents National level Kaiser – Wilhelm II Chancellor – Bernhard von Bülow until 14 July, then Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg State level Kingdoms King of Bavaria – Otto of Bavaria King of Prussia – Kaiser Wilhelm II King of Saxony – Frederick Augustus III of Saxony King of Württemberg – William II of Württemberg Grand Duchies Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick II Grand Duke of Hesse – Ernest Louis Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis IV Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Adolphus Frederick V Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Frederick Augustus II Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – William Ernest Principalities Schaumburg-Lippe – George, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (who assumed the title "Prince of Schwarzburg" from 28 March) Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Charles Gonthier, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen to 28 March, then Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg Principality of Lippe – Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (with Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line as regent) Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont Duchies Duke of Anhalt – Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt Duke of Brunswick – Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg (regent) Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen Colonial Governors Cameroon (Kamerun) – Theodor Seitz (3rd term) to 10 February, then Wilhelm Peter Hansen (acting governor) to October, the again Theodor Seitz (4th and final term) Kiaochow (Kiautschou) – Oskar von Truppel German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Georg Albrecht Freiherr von Rechenberg German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Albert Hahl (2nd term) German Samoa (Deutsch-Samoa) – Wilhelm Solf German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Bruno von Schuckmann Togoland – Johann Nepomuk Graf Zech auf Neuhofen Events 19 December: German football club Borussia Dortmund was founded. Summer – German Chemists Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch first demonstrate the Haber process, the catalytic formation of ammonia from hydrogen and atmospheric nitrogen under conditions of high temperature and pressure. Undated Bavaria 09 Berlin, German association football club founded. A team under German chemist Fritz Hofmann first synthesizes synthetic rubber (Methylkautschuk). Linde–Frank–Caro process was invented by Adolf Frank and developed with Carl von Linde and Heinrich Caro.