and effuse through solids like a gas, but dissolve lipids or any other analyte like a fluid. Applications Human nutrition Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential for maintaining biofunctions in mammalians like humans since humans cannot synthesize these essential fatty acids, they must be taken up from different food sources like fish oil and liver. Oleaginous microorganism are also potential source for such fatty acids. On an industrial scale fermentative production can be done by submerged (SmF) or solid state fermentation (SSF). Biodiesel SCO can be used for the production of diesel (fatty acid methyl or ethyl esters). Bio Diesel can be produced by plant and animal source but due to environmental concern as large area of land needed for producing plant for diesel. Whereas microbial source uses less space and can be made more productive by using genetic technology for mass production of required compound. However, the high costs of using SCO for biodiesel production hinder the commercial production. Oleochemicals Oleochemicals are usually defined as chemical products derived from plant or animal triacylglycerols. we know now that we can produce it by microbial source too. Oleochemicals include fatty acids, fatty alcohols, and methyl ester. Especially fatty alcohols and ester between a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol (wax ester) can be applied in various industries, e.g., in soaps, detergents, cosmetic additives, pheromones, and flavors. Furthermore we can use metabolite engineering to produce fatty alcohol and wax ester from non-oleaginous organism. References Further reading Triglycerides Biodiesel