scholar Michael Stachura explores Scottish literature’s engagement with “northness” in his Ph.D. dissertation for Simon Fraser University, “A Polar Projection: The Northern Dimension in Modern Scottish Literature” (2015). He includes a chapter on Orkney writer George Mackay Brown and his imaginative use of Orkney’s Norse past. References Notes Footnotes General references Anderson, Alan Orr (1922) Early Sources of Scottish History: A.D. 500 to 1286. 2. Edinburgh. Oliver and Boyd. Armit, Ian (2006) Scotland's Hidden History. Stroud. Tempus. Ballin Smith, Beverley "Norwick: Shetland's First Viking Settlement?" in Ballin Smith, Beverley, Taylor, Simon and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. Barrett, James H. "The Norse in Scotland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) The Viking World. Abingdon. Routledge. Brink, Stefan (ed.) (2008) The Viking World. London. Routledge. Burns, W. E. (2009) A Brief History of Great Britain. Infobase Publishing. Crawford, Barbara E. (1987) Scandinavian Scotland. Leicester University Press. Downham, Clare (2007) Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014. Edinburgh. Dunedin Academic Press. Fraser, James E. (2009) From Caledonia to Pictland: Scotland to 795. Edinburgh University Press. Gammeltoft, Peder (2010) "Shetland and Orkney Island-Names – A Dynamic Group". Northern Lights, Northern Words. Selected Papers from the FRLSU Conference, Kirkwall 2009, edited by Robert McColl Millar. Graham-Campbell, James and Batey, Colleen E. (1998) Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey. Edinburgh University Press. Gregory, Donald (1881) The History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland 1493–1625. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 2008 reprint – originally published by Thomas D. Morrison. Hearn, J. (2000) Claiming Scotland: National Identity and Liberal Culture. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. Hunter, James (2000) Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Edinburgh. Mainstream. Imsen, Steinar "The Scottish-Norwegian Border in the Middle Ages" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009) Irvine, James M. (ed.) (2006) The Orkneys and Schetland in Blaeu's Atlas Novus of 1654. Ashtead. James M. Irvine. Jennings, Andrew and Kruse, Arne "One Coast-Three Peoples: Names and Ethnicity in the Scottish West during the Early Viking period" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009) Jensen, Judith "The Norse gods in Scotland" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009) Keay, J. & Keay, J. (1994) Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland. London. HarperCollins. Logan, F. D. (1992) The Vikings in History. London. Routledge. Marsden, John (2008) "Somerled and the Emergence of Gaelic Scotland". Edinburgh. Birlinn. Marwick, Hugh (1952) Orkney Farm-names.