column sizes, the amount of local news covered, heading sizes, use of tables, the spacing and layout of each newspaper, together with the number of pages in each edition. They also impacted upon the importance of wire services as a source of news content for the newspapers. Ultimately, these factors led to provincial newspapers being local business endeavours focused on local areas and regions. It also resulted in the development of these provincial newspapers being a ‘parasitic press’ as local newspapers would ‘cling to’ the news content provided by the more established, and broader-based, metropolitan press newspapers and ‘district correspondents’ as a key source for the latest information, news and gossip. This 'scissors-and-paste-pot journalism,' often occurred within PNQ's newspapers. It enabled mainstream and relatively up-to-date news to be distributed to a diverse, widespread and sparse readership in the State of Queensland. Simultaneously, provincial newspapers such as The Toowoomba Chronicle, The Maryborough Chronicle and Rockhampton's The Morning Bulletin also reported on, and reflected, the interests and concerns of the local townspeople as they were, by far, the target audience for the relevant newspaper. Matters covered included important period events such as the gold rush, the separation of Queensland from New South Wales and the establishment of a separate state in the Federation, the commercial development of their particular region and the State as a whole. Strong local news content was considered essential to maintaining regional demand for these newspapers. As a consequence of adopting both an immediate and far-ranging news focus, provincial newspapers became a vital factor in the development of local life and community. Circulation figures for these provincial newspapers attested to the success of the papers. For example, on 30 September 1970, The Chronicle sold 17,865 newspapers, The Maryborough Chronicle sold 8,143 newspapers and The Morning Bulletin sold 21,275 newspapers. Between 1960 and 1990, the readership for The Chronicle increased 75.53%, The Morning Bulletin increased 32.17% and the Maryborough Chronicle increased 29.51% with the percentage home-delivered being between 45-50% for these three newspapers. Provincial newspaper publishing was more than just the consideration of advertising copy flows, the layout dummy, and methods of selling advertising, newspaper distribution and deadlines. Local newspaper publishers were acutely aware that they were in the business of deriving newspaper sales revenue and advertising revenue from the local promotion of goods and services to 'target all members of the community's families.' For example, The Toowoomba Chronicle