the audio modulation, which passed through the earphones. The earphones converted the audio signal to sound waves. Usually the earphones had to be scrounged or borrowed from the unit's communication officer. In one case a soldier, Richard Lucas, built earphones by binding four nails together with cloth then winding wire and dripping wax over the turns. After about ten layers of wire he placed it in a piece of bamboo. A tin can lid was placed over the coil of wire. The listener connected the improvised earphone to the foxhole radio and received three radio stations. The best listening was at night, according to Lucas. See also Cat's-whisker detector References Types of radios World War II electronics Improvisation