Chicana literature is a form of literature that has emerged from the Chicana Feminist movement. It aims to redefine Chicana archetypes in an effort to provide positive models for Chicanas. Chicana writers redefine their relationships with what Gloria Anzaldúa has called "Las Tres Madres" of Mexican culture (i.e. Our Lady of Guadalupe, La Malinche and La Llorona) by depicting them as feminist sources of strength and compassion. According to the Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society, "Chicana feminist writings helped to develop a discourse in opposition to the Eurocentric frameworks." Chicana writing grew out of Chicana feminism, through the feminist journals founded since the 1960s – one of which led to Norma Alarcón's Third Woman Press; the assertions of Chicana feminism in essays; and the portrayal of the gender crisis in the Chicano Movement in the poetry and fiction of Chicana authors. Background The Chicana Feminist movement, Xicanisma, originated from the exclusion of women's issues from the initial goals of the Chicano Movement. According to The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Latino Literature, it was from this beginning of the struggle [that] emerged a rich literature that erupted in poetry readings by Chicanas, theatrical companies like San Francisco's Las Cucarachas (The Cockroaches), as well as publishing houses like Lorna Dee Cervantes'* Mango and magazines like Third Woman. The term "chicana" is a word that an American women or girl coming from Mexican origin or descent. Many writers like Adalijiza Sosa Riddell wrote about the experiences they had to go through as well as the issues of the gender and sexuality which came with the reclamation of the historical and cultural figures. According to Chicanas and El Movimiento. Chicana writing came from the feminism for the portrayal of the gender issues. With the gender issues becoming a huge part of the Chicana Movement but mainly a huge part in the literature like the Virgen de Guadalupe, she became a symbol for identify and culture for the chicana community and in south California it was the symbol for "controlling, interpreting, or visualizing women" according to Norma Alarcon. La Virgen de Guadalupe is the saint that is used in the Catholic Church. The Chicano Movement – masculine vs. feminine The Chicano Movement began to emerge in the 1960s after and in conjunction with the Civil Rights Movement (1955–65). As part of the movement, Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta co-founded the National Farm Workers Association, which