on what situational factors change leadership effectiveness. The most influential theory within this model is the path-goal theory (Den Hartog & Koopman, 2001). Path-goal theory Proposed by Robert House in 1971, path-goal theory predicts that subordinates will be satisfied with their leader if they feel their leader's behavior will lead them to satisfaction. Also, subordinates will be motivated when they feel that their satisfaction depends on their performance and their leader acts in a way to help them reach goals (Den Hartog & Koopman, 2001, House, 1971). Path-goal theory predicts that when goals and the paths to those goals are clear, subordinates may not need leader guidance (Kerr & Jermier, 1978). See also Leadership Industrial and organizational psychology Path–goal theory Contingency Model Fiedler contingency model References Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill's handbook of leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Free Press. Den Hartog, D. N., & Koopman, P. L. (2002). Leadership in organizations. In N. Anderson, D. S. Ones, H. K. Sinangil, & C. Viswesvaran (Eds.), Handbook of industrial, work and organizational psychology, Volume 2: Organizational psychology (166-187). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc. Fiedler, E. (1965). A contingency model of leadership effectiveness. In H. Proshansky, & B. Seidenberg (Eds.), Basic studies in social psychology (538-551). New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. Gulowsen, J. (1972). A measure of work group autonomy. In L. E. Davis, & J. C. Taylor (Eds.), Design of jobs (374-390). Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin. House, R. J. (1971). A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 16, 321-338. Manz, C. C., & Sims, H. P. (1992). The potential for "groupthink" in autonomous work groups. In R. Glaser (Ed.), 'Classic readings in self-managing teamwork: 20 of the most important articles (401-411). King of Prussia, PA: Organization Design and Development. Thoreson, C. E., & Mahoney, M. J. (1974). Behavioral self-control. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston. Yukl, G. (1998). Leadership in organizations'' (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. External links 6.7 SUBSTITUTES FOR LEADERSHIP Leadership studies