etc. Language The Statutes were implemented in Latin from 1346 to 1479, which was common at the time on the Adriatic coast. The chapter titles are in Venetian, but the text uses the Dalmatian language, a local dialect, typifying the culture of the Balkan coasts at the time of the 14th-century Stato da Màr. Pellegrini, who analyzed the phonetics, syntax, and vocabulary, notes the language’s labialization. According to Ardian Klosi and Ardian Vehbiu, the only trace of the Albanian language found here is the word besare, referring to the local concept of besa (“oath”). Gjakmarrja (blood feuds) are referred to as urazhba, a Serbian word, interpreted by Xhufi as evidence for Milan Šufflay’s assertion that “Albanians borrowed from neighboring Slavs the concept of the blood feud after coming into contact at some point beyond the 8th century.” The word pazia, for stupidity, may share a similar origin. The use of latino as interchangeable with cittadino implied a difference from slavi, albanesi, and forestieri, for instance, as terms for foreigners. This shows a concept of civic identity in which Slavs and Albanians were viewed as foreign. Publication The Statutes were first republished in Italy in 2002, both the original Venetian and a modern Albanian translation by Xhufi. Xhufi heavily altered the original, changing “Slavs and Albanians” in one portion to “farmers and highlanders,” for instance. This was criticized by Vehbiu as a nationalist interpretation. A second edition in 2010 was more faithful to the original statues, with the copies this time translated by Vjollca Lisi. References Sources Medieval Albania Medieval documents of Albania History of Shkodër Venetian period in the history of Albania 15th-century books Venetian language