butsu-dō, a hattō, a ku'in, a sō-dō, a sanmon, a tōsu and a yokushitsu. shoin (書院) – originally a study and a place for lectures on the sutra within a temple, later the term came to mean just a study. shōrō (鐘楼) – a temple's belfry, a building from which a bell is hung. sōbō (僧坊) – The monks' living quarters in a non-Zen garan sō-dō (僧堂) – Lit. "monk hall". A building dedicated to the practice of Zazen. It used to be dedicated to many kinds of activities, from eating to sleeping, centered on zazen. (総門) – the gate at the entrance of a temple. It precedes the bigger and more important sanmon. See also mon. sōrin (相輪) – a spire reaching up from the center of the roof of some temple halls, tiered like a pagoda. sotoba or sotōba (卒塔婆) – transliteration of the Sanskrit stupa. A pagoda. Tower with an odd number of tiers (three, five, seven nine, or thirteen). See also stupa and tō. Strips of wood left behind tombs during annual ceremonies () symbolizing a stupa. The upper part is segmented like a pagoda and carries Sanskrit inscriptions, sutras, and the kaimyō (posthumous name) of the deceased. In present-day Japanese, usually has this meaning. stupa – in origin a vessel for Buddha's relics, later also a receptacle for scriptures and other relics. Its shape changed in the Far East under the influence of the Chinese watchtower to form tower-like structures like the Tōbuttō, the gorintō, the hōkyōintō, the , the tō, or the much simpler wooden stick-style . tatchū (塔頭 or 塔中) In Zen temples, a building containing a pagoda enshrining the ashes of an important priest stands. Later, it became a subsidiary temple or a minor temple depending from a larger one. Finally, it became also subsidiary temple being the family temple () of an important family. (多宝塔) – a two-storied pagoda with a ground floor having a dome-shaped ceiling and a square pent roof, a round second floor and square roofs. temizuya (手水舎) – a fountain near the entrance of a shrine and a temple where worshipers can cleanse their hands and mouths before worship. (手先) – Term used to count the roof-supporting brackets (tokyō (斗きょう)) projecting from a temple's wall, usually composed of two steps ( (二手先）)) or three ( 三津手先). tokyō (斗きょう) – see tesaki. torii (鳥居)- the iconic Shinto gate