of cancer, as "outrageous" and an "offense". Reykjavik described Indriði as an "unstable, unreliable charlatan". Later, when Kvaren and Indriði went on lecture tours, the newspaper accused them of cheating and misrepresentation. Kvaren and other proponents responded by saying the accusations were religiously motivated and untrue, and claimed that Indriði had genuine paranormal abilities. Newspapers of the time continued to publish scathing critiques of Indriði, describing Spiritualism as "ludicrous ghost-religion" and "nonsensical, ridiculous vanity". Modern day religious scholars consider Indriði's widespread popularity responsible for launching the Spiritualist movement in Iceland in the early 20th century, and Indriði proponent's views, such as Haraldur Níelsson's, as "an eccentric mix of scientific and supernatural beliefs typical of Spiritualism worldwide". Antônio da Silva Mello has criticized the experiments conducted with Indriðason as non-scientific. He noted they were performed in the dark and it was suspicious as Indriðason refused to take off his shirt so his body could be examined after a séance. References Sources Guðmundur Hannesson. "Remarkable phenomena in Iceland." Journal of the American Society for Psychical Research 18 (1924) 239-72. Translation of: "Í Svartaskóla." Norðurland 10, 11 (21 December 1910, 21 January 1911). Repr. Morgunn 32 (1951), Satt 21 (1973). Haraldur Níelsson. (1922) "Some of my experiences with a physical medium in Reykjavík." Le Compte Rendu Officiel du Premier Congrès International des Recherches Psychiques à Copenhague. Copenhagen: Secrétariat international des Congrès de Recherches psychiques. 450-65. Haraldur Níelsson. "Poltergeist phenomena." Light 29 September 1923. 615. Haraldur Níelsson. "Poltergeist phenomena in connection with a medium observed for a length of time, some of them in full light." L'État Actuel des Recherches Psychiques d'après les Travaux du 2me Congrès International tenu à Varsovie en 1923 en l'Honneur du Dr. Julien Ochorowicz. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1924. 148-68. Haraldur Níelsson. "Poltergeist phenomena." Psychic Science 4 (1925) 90-111. Loftur Reimar Gissurarson. "Indriði Indriðason miðill." B.A. thesis, University of Iceland. 1984. Loftur Reimar Gissurarson and Erlendur Haraldsson. The Icelandic Physical Medium Indridi Indridason. Proceedings of the Society for Psychical Research Part 214, 1989. . External links The Mediumship of Indridi Indridason at roswell/seance; archived at the Wayback Machine, 23 December 2004. 20th-century Icelandic people 20th-century deaths from tuberculosis 1883 births 1912 deaths Spiritual mediums Tuberculosis deaths in Iceland