April 18, 2011, Schlitter was returned to the Cubs. The commissioner's office returned him to the Cubs from the Phillies because of a past elbow injury. He split the 2012 season Double-A Tennessee Smokies and Daytona, posting a 2.61 ERA in 50 appearances. The next year, Schlitter logged a 2.42 ERA in 54 appearances between Iowa and Tennessee. In 2014, Schlitter was invited to Spring Training as a non-roster invitee. On March 29, the Cubs announced that he had made the 2014 major league opening day roster. Schlitter earned his first career MLB win on May 3, 2014, against the St. Louis Cardinals. He finished the year with a 2-3 record and 4.15 ERA across 61 appearances. Schlitter did not make the Opening Day roster in 2015 and was assigned to Iowa to begin the year. Schlitter struggled to a 7.36 ERA in 10 major league appearances and was designated for assignment on August 27, 2015. He was assigned outright to Iowa, where he finished the season, and elected free agency on October 14. Colorado Rockies On November 18, 2015, Schlitter signed a minor league contract with the Colorado Rockies organization that included an invitation to Spring Training. He did not make the club out of spring and was assigned to the Triple-A Albuquerque Isotopes to begin the year. He spent the season in Albuquerque, pitching to a 3.64 ERA with 43 strikeouts in 42.0 innings of work. On October 26, 2016, Schlitter was released by the Rockies. Saitama Seibu Lions On November 10, 2016, Schlitter signed with the Saitama Seibu Lions of Nippon Professional Baseball. Schlitter fared well in Japan, logging a 2.83 ERA with 23 strikeouts in 64 appearances. He became a free agent after the 2017 season. Los Angeles Dodgers On February 13, 2018, Schlitter signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers. He pitched in 58 games for the AAA Oklahoma City Dodgers, with a 7–2 record, 3.36 ERA and 21 saves. On November 2, 2018, he elected free agency. Oakland Athletics On November 15, 2018, Schlitter signed a minor league deal with the Oakland Athletics. He was assigned to the Triple-A Las Vegas Aviators to begin the 2019 season. On June 23, 2019, his contract was selected by the A's. On July 29, he was designated for assignment after logging a 3.72 ERA in 6 games. He finished the year in Triple-A and