held in the collection of E. G. Browne. In Iraq According to ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, during this time after becoming a Baháʼí, "In Persia his life was in imminent peril; and since remaining at Najaf-Ábád would have stirred up the agitators and brought on riots, he hastened away to Adrianople" to meet Baháʼu'lláh again, then returned to Iran. In 1864 he left Iran for the last time and moved to Baghdad. In 1867, Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín and 52 other Baháʼís of Baghdad wrote an appeal to the Congress of the United States for assistance in freeing Baháʼu'lláh from confinement by Ottoman authorities. This appeal arrived at the American Consul in Beirut and was commented upon by American missionary Henry Harris Jessup. Beginning in 1868, and instigated by conversions of Sunni Muslims to the Baháʼí Faith, the Baháʼís of Baghdad, including Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín, were arrested and imprisoned repeatedly. In April-May 1868, three or four Baháʼís of Baghdad were killed by Persian Shias, likely offended by Baháʼís celebrating holy days during their mourning ceremonies. In preparation for a pilgrimage by Nasiru'd-Din Shah to shrines in Iraq, the Consul-General of Persia petitioned the governor of Baghdad to expel all Baháʼís from the city. In 1870, about seventy Baháʼís, men, women, and children, were sent under military escort from Baghdad to Mosul, in northern Iraq. Their arrival was met with stones thrown at them from rooftops and businesses refusing to trade with them. Pilgrims returning from ʻAkká brought goods from Baháʼu'lláh to relieve their suffering. In Mosul Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín acted as leader of the Baháʼí community and he was also the main conduit of the writings of Baháʼu'lláh passing from ʻAkká to Iran. Under his supervision the Baháʼís of Mosul began the first charity fund ever organized by Baháʼís. E. G. Browne visited Iran in 1887-88 and records that a Baháʼí of Kirmán told him, "[Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín in Mosul] is one of the most notable of 'the Friends', and to him is entrusted the revision and correction of all copies of the sacred books sent out for circulation, of which, indeed the most trustworthy are those transcribed by his hand." In ʻAkká In 1886 he left Mosul and moved to ʻAkká, living in the Khán-i-ʻAvámid, and served as a secretary of Baháʼu'lláh. In April 1890, when Edward Granville Browne held four interviews with Baháʼu'lláh, he reviewed and copied from many Baháʼí manuscripts, all in the hand of Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín. Browne was given