The following section requires the DoD to study the potential of renewable energy development on areas of military bases in California and Nevada that are not needed for training. As of May 2010, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) was assessing the suitability of in the California desert for potential renewable energy development, significantly more than experts estimate is needed to meet state renewable goals. None of the lands proposed by S.2921 to be protected in national parklands, as wilderness, or as ORV areas are within these BLM study areas. Mitigation requirements Recent research indicates that, especially for protection of the desert tortoise, better and more active management of existing federal land is a more effective way to protect the species than acquiring additional mitigation acres in an uncoordinated manner. The bill establishes endangered species mitigation zones and requires developers proposing to develop private lands to contribute money to an endowed fund that would be used to better manage, in perpetuity, habitat for desert tortoise and other endangered or threatened species on at least of specified public lands. The bill requires developers of renewable energy projects on federal land to purchase a bond to fund the eventual clean-up and restoration of these projects. Advanced electricity transmission technology subsidies The bill establishes loan guarantees and grants for advanced electricity transmission technology including underground transmission lines and increasing the electricity carrying capacity of existing towers. Timeline October 31, 1994 The California Desert Protection Act of 1994 was enacted. Several Wilderness Study Areas (the Avawatz Mountains, Kingston Range Additions, Soda Mountains, Cady Mountains, and the Bowling Alley) outside the U.S. Army's Fort Irwin National Training Center were not included because the Army announced its desire to expand into some areas surrounding the base. It was understood by the people working on the bill, including environmental groups, Senator Feinstein, and Congressman Jerry Lewis, that once Fort Irwin finished its expansion, the remaining areas would become wilderness. 2001 The Army finished its plans for the Fort Irwin expansion and enlarged the base to include a portion of the Avawatz Mountains Wilderness Study Area. 2007 The California Wilderness Coalition (CWC) took Senator Feinstein's Deputy State Director, James Peterson, and her field representative for San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange Counties, Chris Carrillo, on a tour of the Fort Irwin WSAs. They were impressed by the beauty of the areas and foresaw few conflicts to including them in