The Shtundists (, Shtundisty; , Shtundysty; British: Stundists) are the predecessors of several Evangelical Protestant groups in Ukraine and across the former Soviet Union. History The movement refers to evangelical groups that emerged among Ukrainian peasants in the southwestern region of the Russian Empire (present day Ukraine) in the second half of the 19th century. The Shtundists were heavily influenced by German Baptists, Pietists and Mennonites that settled in the southern parts of the Russian Empire, and somewhat by indigenous Spiritual Christians. Their origin is associated with access to Bibles from the "British and Foreign Bible Society." The word Shtundist is derived from the German word ("hour"), in reference to the practice of setting aside an hour for daily bible study. The term was originally used in a derogatory sense, but has also been adopted by many adherents to this tradition. Creed An American news article published in 1896 described their "Creed": Since 1864 they have published the New Testament in a pocket edition, which are found in every Stundist's possession. They refuse to take part in war and regard usury as sin. They are noted for their cleanliness, honesty and temperance, having banished intoxicating liquors. The Shtundists have no common confession of faith. They acknowledge only the Bible, on the interpretation of which they do not entirely agree. They have [volunteer lay] presbyters and elders at the head of their congregations, who are older and experienced men. They have no typical church buildings, but worship in some hall or generally in the largest room of someone's private house. At one end there is a table and a chair for the elder. When the members enter they salute each other with the [holy] kiss of fraternal love. Women and men sit apart. Their hymnal singing is especially good. Some of the hymns have been translated into English. After the hymn the elder reads a chapter out of the Bible and explains it, and each one present is privileged to make remarks. The women, in compliance with St. Paul's injunction, are required to be silent auditors. Their prayers are always done in a kneeling posture. The services are closed with the Lord's Prayer. Regarding marriage. The parents of the bride and bridegroom present the couple to the elder. The bride is first asked if she wishes to enter the state of holy matrimony with this young man, if she loves him,