John Dignan (13 June 1880 – 12 April 1953) was Bishop of Clonfert from 1924 until his death in 1953, a committed social reformer and initiator of early debates about social welfare provision in the early decades of newly-independent Ireland. Early life and priestly ministry Dignan was a native of Ballygar, County Galway and educated locally at Esker, near Athenry, later attending St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, where he was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Clonfert on 6 September 1903. His first appointment was to the staff of St. Joseph's College at Ballinasloe, where he served for twelve years, ten of them as President. A staunch nationalist, he had served in 1917 as president of the east Galway board of the Sinn Féin executive and was a central figure in the organisation of Sinn Féin courts in the county. In 1919 he became administrator of the parish of Abbey, Loughrea, becoming its parish priest in 1921. While there his house was raided and bombed by the Black and Tans, who targeted him as a known supporter of the independence movement. In 1923 he was appointed Parish Priest of Killimore but served only a short time before receiving his episcopal appointment. Episcopal ministry On 24 March 1924 he was appointed Bishop of Clonfert. After his Episcopal ordination in June 1924 he gave an interview in which he declared himself a 'Republican' and that he hoped to see a 'reversion to the pre-Treaty days of Ireland'. He was the first Irish bishop to speak against the Treaty and articulate a pro-Sinn Fein perspective. Thomas Gilmartin, Archbishop of Tuam is said to have remarked, "...after that I am finished consecrating bishops." Gilmartin had counseled his priests that whatever their personal political beliefs, they should not take an aggressive part on behalf of either side. In 1933 Dignan published a pamphlet, Catholics and Trinity College. He also had to content with the radical priest John Fahy. Dignan was appointed chair of the Committee of Management of the National Health Insurance Society in 1936 by Seán T. O'Kelly to examine social welfare provision in Ireland and would feature prominently in the development of government policy in this area for much of the next decade. It has been suggested that he "campaigned relentlessly" for the introduction of state medical benefits including in personal meetings with Éamon de Valera and finally saw this being legislated for