The Andalusi agricultural corpus are texts of agronomic knowledge and sources for the history of agriculture in the Andalusi Iberian Peninsula. Agronomic advancement had deteriorated under Visigothic rule, but there are eight known agricultural treatises dating from the late 10th century to the mid 14th century, contributing to the Arab Agricultural Revolution. The Andalusi treatises follow the same pattern as Latin agronomic texts: a discussion of soil, water and manure followed by crop science, and sometimes notes on animal husbandry. Six of these are written between the 11th and 13th centuries. The authors of this body of texts are Ibn al-Wafid, Ibn Hajjaj, Ibn Bassal, Abū l-Khayr, Ibn al-'Awwam, Al-Tighnari and Ibn Luyun. Background Muslims from North Africa crossed the Strait of Gibraltar in 711 and established the Caliphate of Córdoba in the southern part of the Iberian peninsula, which they called Al-Andalus. During their long reign of prosperity, the Muslims created a culture that favored the proliferation of cultural and scientific works, including agronomic works. The Byzantine emperor Constantine VII sent a copy of Dioscorides' pharmacopeia to Caliph Abd al-Rahman III, and also sent a monk named Nicolas to translate the book into Arabic. The first Andalusi botanical garden known from 8th century sources was created in the Palace Al-Munyat al-Rusafa (Arruzafa) of Abd al-Rahman I. Texts The Arabic language agricultural corpus were composed between the 11th and 14th century in Seville, Toledo, Granada and Córdoba. Abū l-Khayr's botanical work is the most complete Andalusi botanical text known to modern scholars, containing richer descriptions of plant morphology than other agronomy texts, and detailed information about habitat, plant phenology, uses, cultivars and geographical distribution. Ibn al-Awamm's Kitab al Filaha is considered the most important and encyclopedic of the medieval writings from the European west, but it was relatively unknown in Northwestern Europe until the 19th century when it was first translated into French and Spanish. It contains details on plants like "All plants planted in [the walnut's] vicinity show antipathy to it, with the exception of the fig". He quotes extensively from the Nabatean Agriculture, and to a lesser extent from earlier Roman and Andalusi authors. These texts were mostly based on Columella's earlier work De re rustica. But they were also influenced by earlier peasant knowledge and contained details about the agricultural practices of al-Andalus, many of which came from the palace gardens or nearby agricultural areas. As such