Kartini Muljadi (born 17 May 1930) is an Indonesian businesswoman and corporate lawyer, who previously worked as a judge and notary. Since 2007, she has been listed as one of the richest women in Indonesia. Early life and education Kartini was born Pauline Fanny Kho on 17 May 1930 in Kebumen, Central Java, the Dutch East Indies. Her parents were Budi Tjahono and Marianne Han. Her mother, who was of partial Dutch ancestry, was a teacher at a local school. Her father worked as an accountant for the colony's electricity company, Algemene Nederlandsch Indische Electriciteit Maatschappij. When Kartini was about two-and-a-half years old, her mother died. Her father then married a woman of Chinese descent, who worked as a trader and taught Kartini to work industriously, especially during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies when there was no school. Her father encouraged her to save money. After Indonesia's 1945 declaration of independence, when ethnic Chinese citizens were encouraged to adopt Indonesian names, her father changed his name from Kho (Xu in Chinese) to Budi Tjahjono, while Pauline Fanny Kho became Kartini, choosing the name of pioneering Indonesian feminist Kartini. Kartini and her brother were among a few non-Dutch children permitted to attend a European school, where they studied Indonesian, Dutch, English, German and French, before opting for elective mathematics. Kartini also studied in Surabaya and Yogyakarta, before moving to Jakarta, where she majored in Law and Social Sciences at the University of Indonesia. During her studies, she worked at Candra Naya Social Organization (established 1946 as Sin Ming Hui), which provided health and legal services for the poor. She received her law degree in 1958. Judicial career In 1958, Kartini was appointed a judge at Jakarta Special Court, where she was assigned to handle criminal, civil and bankruptcy cases. At that time, Dutch judges had been replaced by Indonesian judges. She served on the court until 1970 and had a reputation for not being corrupt. During her time as a judge, she undertook notary studies at the University of Indonesia, completing her course in 1967. Following the death on 21 February 1973 of her husband, Djojo Muljadi, who was a notary, Kartini resigned as a civil servant because her income was insufficient to cover her family's needs. She was appointed a notary domiciled in Jakarta. Her clients included state-owned companies such as Widya Karya and multinationals such as