the Thirty Years' War and not rebuilt afterwards. The first wood and earth fort that can be identified here stood on an island on the Rhine, which offered good natural protection. The area of the later fort is currently used intensively for agriculture, and is only recognizable by the relief of the terrain. The fortification was located directly east of the Limes road (via puplica), close to the subsidence of what was then the banks of the Rhine, and was therefore easily accessible by land and also by ship. The findings indicated that as a result, the fort was hit by floods more frequently. Today only the Riedgraben Canal passes here, a sparse remnant of the ancient river bed. The border line between the two Rhine provinces Germania Prima and Maxima Sequanorum ran north of the Kaiserstuhl mountains. Along this line a road from Biesheim-Oedenburg that crossed the Vosges and Divodurum (Metz) and reached the bank of the Rhine. Here it subsequently crossed with the Limes road on the left bank of the Rhine, running from north to south. The fort probably had a strong relationship to this road network. Research history Ödenburg is mentioned for the first time by Beatus Rhenanus in 1551 and also appears on Daniel Specklin's map in 1576. Roman finds have been known since around 1770. Originally, Horbourg-Wihr, a district of the municipality of Horbourg near Colmar in the French Département Haut-Rhin, seen as the site of the ancient Argentovaria. However, this assumption had to be revised based on the latest research results. In the late 1970s and early 1980s scientific excavations took place in the southern area of the medieval cemetery for the first time, whereby the area of the late antique fortress was also excavated, although it was not recognized as such. From 1998 to 2002 geophysical soil measurements were carried out as part of the trinational archaeology project “Ödenburg-Altkirch” (Eucor program). After evaluation, targeted excavations by scientists from the University of Freiburg and the University of Basel under the direction and coordination of Hans Ulrich Nuber and of Michel Reddé from the University of Paris became possible. The aim was to further supplement the knowledge about the ancient settlement of the area of Ödenburg-Altkirch, including the military camp, praetorium, civilian town, and Gallo-Roman temple district, from the first to the fourth centuries AD. The excavations were also accompanied by paleobotanical and zoological