it often occurs, begins in Ahavah Rabbah, and modulates to the major key on the fourth degree of the scale. It also uses Ukrainian Dorian as a shift back to the original Ahavah Rabbah. References Works cited Cohon, Baruch Joseph. "The Structure of Synagogue Prayer Chant." Journal of the American Musicological Society 3, no. 1, 17–32, 1950. Further reading Idelsohn, A.Z. Jewish Music: Its Historical Development. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1929. Reprint New York: Dover Publication, 1992. Charles Davidson, Immunim Benusaḥ Hatefillah (3 vols): Ashbourne Publishing 1996 Hewitt, Michael. 2013. Musical Scales of the World, . The Note Tree. . Sholom Kalib, The Musical Tradition of the Eastern European Synagogue (2 vols out of projected 5): Syracuse University Press 2001 (vol 1) and 2004 (vol 2) Jewish music Modes (music)