eventually forced to surrender. On 1 June the defeated French soldiers were marched to he Place du Général-de-Gaulle (also known as the Grand'Place), where the German army was headquartered. Just over two years later, on 11 September 1942, Matter and Durrleman became actively involved in rescuing Jews when French police, in concert with Nazi authorities, began rounding up Jewish men, women and children from Lille and its surrounding areas. Taken to the railroad station at Five-Lille, they were slated for deportation to concentration camps. Among those arrested were Fanny Baran, her ten-year-old son Maurice, and her four-month old infant Michel, who were taken from their home at 52 Rue de la Vignette. Baran's oldest boy was rescued shortly thereafter when Georgette Vandenabaele-Franchois, Baran's sixteen-year-old maid, was able to secure help from Lille railroad workers in removing Maurice Baran from the area where he was being detained after informing guards that she had arrived to deliver clothes to the family. Meanwhile, Durrleman and Matter worked to rescue Michel Baran. Matter, who spoke German, was able to facilitate their access to the infant by convincing the Nazi guards that she and Durrleman were German nurses sent to check on the child. Forced to make repeated visits to Fanny Baran in order to persuade her to let them save her baby's life, they realized that the guards' growing suspicion was putting them in all in jeopardy, and ultimately sent another German-speaking nurse, France Neubert, to bring the infant out of the station. Fanny Baran was subsequently deported to a concentration camp. (Her husband, Abraham Baran, had been deported previously while attempting to cross into France's southern zone to find a place of asylum for his wife and sons. Consequently, Vandenabaele-Franchois took Maurice to the home of her parents, Marcel and Madeleine Franchois, where he remained until 1945. Durrleman took charge of Michel, and cared for him until 1946. Others rescued by Matter and Durrleman Matter and Durrleman also helped to hide Maurice Serfati and Hélène and Perla Lipsyck. Serfati, who had jumped from a train to escape his deportation to Drancy, was hidden briefly at the hospital from the Gestapo by the two women, who had told their nursing staff that he was a nephew. Several weeks later, they helped Serfati connect with an underground resistance group. They sheltered the Lipsyck sisters after their mother was deported with their father, a ritual slaughterer