proved crucial and mobilization within the local Greek Brotherhood was intense. One prominent of its prominent members scholar Grigorios Malaxos, suggested fomenting a revolutionary movement in Greek territory, which would be supported by the Ecumenical Patriarch Metrophanes III. However, in 1572 it became apparent that the Venetians were about to sign a peace treaty with the Ottomans. As a result, the Greeks that had cooperated with the Venetians turned to the Kingdom of Naples, then part of the Spanish Empire, for support. The rebels in Mani approached the Spanish, while others, such as Manthos Papagiannis and Panos Kestolikos, visited Don Juan, commander-in-chief of the Holly Alliance. Additionally, the metropolitan bishop of Monemvasia, Makarios Melissenos, and his brother, Theodore, initiated negotiations with both the Spanish and the Venetians. At March 1572 the metropolitan bishop of Grevena, Timotheos, proposed a plan to Pope Pius V that an expeditionary force from the western European countries should meet the rebels in the plain of Thessaloniki and from there they should attack Constantinople. During April 1572 the rebellion was still active in parts of Mani and Monemvasia. The Ottomans sent a large army as well as naval forces which attacked the rebellious provinces and compelled Emmanuel Mormoris to retreat to the castle of Sopot, where he was later arrested. In October 1572 an attempt by Spain to land reinforcements in the coastal towns of Pylos and Modon failed. At following May the inhabitants of Aetoliko in Akarnania established contacts with representative of the Venetian units nearby. They asked for support by Greek stratioti units and they immediately received a unit consisting of 80 men from Zakynthos by orders of Sebastiano Venier, as well as weapons and ammunition. Suppression and aftermath Greece As a result of the Venetian withdrawal from the region the rebellion was doomed to end. Venice finally decided to sign a unilateral peace with the Ottomans in 1573. On the other hand, Spain continued to encourage insurrections against the Ottoman Empire and acceded to the petitions of various rebels and potential rebels. However, due to bad organization the uprising was finally suppressed and most of the leaders were executed by the Ottomans. Ottoman suppression was harsh in Patras and the city became almost deserted in the following years. Among those executed were several nobles, among them metropolitan bishop Germanos, and the local nobility were mutilated. Those revolutionary leader from northwestern Peloponesse who managed