Chomsky; fiction writers J. K. Rowling, Salman Rushdie, Margaret Atwood, Martin Amis, John Banville, Daniel Kehlmann, and Jeffrey Eugenides; world chess champion Garry Kasparov; political scientist Francis Fukuyama; feminist Gloria Steinem; cognitive psychologist Steven Pinker; journalists Fareed Zakaria, Malcolm Gladwell, Anne Applebaum, Ian Buruma, David Frum, and David Brooks; composer Wynton Marsalis; writer and former Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada Michael Ignatieff; political theorist Michael Walzer; economist Deirdre McCloskey; poet Roya Hakakian; surgeon Atul Gawande; music journalist Greil Marcus; and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt. Signatories generally did not know who had signed the letter until it was published. At least one, Jennifer Finney Boylan, expressed qualms about some of the other signatories but affirmed her endorsement. Others who reaffirmed their support for the letter's contents, such as Katha Pollitt, said they disagreed with some of the signatories on other issues but did not mind signing the same statement. Full list Elliot Ackerman Saladin Ambar Martin Amis Anne Applebaum Marie Arana Margaret Atwood John Banville Mia Bay Louis Begley Roger Berkowitz Paul Berman Sheri Berman Reginald Dwayne Betts Neil Blair David W. Blight Jennifer Finney Boylan David Bromwich David Brooks Ian Buruma Lea Carpenter Noam Chomsky Nicholas Christakis Roger Cohen Frances D. Cook Drucilla Cornell Kamel Daoud Meghan Daum Gerald Early Jeffrey Eugenides Dexter Filkins Federico Finchelstein Caitlin Flanagan Richard T. Ford Kmele Foster David Frum Francis Fukuyama Atul Gawande Todd Gitlin Kim Ghattas Malcolm Gladwell Michelle Goldberg Rebecca Goldstein Anthony Grafton David Greenberg Linda Greenhouse (withdrawn) Rinne B. Groff Sarah Haider Jonathan Haidt Roya Hakakian Shadi Hamid Jeet Heer Katie Herzog Susannah Heschel Adam Hochschild Arlie Russell Hochschild Eva Hoffman Coleman Hughes Hussein Ibish Michael Ignatieff Zaid Jilani Bill T. Jones Wendy Kaminer Matthew Karp Garry Kasparov Daniel Kehlmann Randall Kennedy Khaled Khalifa Parag Khanna Laura Kipnis Frances Kissling Enrique Krauze Anthony Kronman Joy Ladin Nicholas Lemann Mark Lilla Susie Linfield Damon Linker Dahlia Lithwick Steven Lukes John R. MacArthur Susan Madrak Phoebe Maltz Bovy Greil Marcus Wynton Marsalis Kati Marton Debra Mashek Deirdre McCloskey John McWhorter Uday Mehta Andrew Moravcsik Yascha Mounk Samuel Moyn Meera Nanda Cary Nelson Olivia Nuzzi Mark Oppenheimer Dael Orlandersmith George Packer Nell Irvin Painter Greg Pardlo Orlando Patterson Steven Pinker Letty Cottin Pogrebin Katha Pollitt Claire Bond Potter Taufiq Rahim Zia Haider Rahman Jennifer Ratner-Rosenhagen Jonathan Rauch Neil Roberts Melvin Rogers Kat Rosenfield Loretta J. Ross J. K. Rowling Salman Rushdie Karim