John E. Kelly III is an American executive at IBM. He has been described as the "father" of Watson, a computer system most known for competing against humans on Jeopardy! He joined IBM in 1980 and has served as the director of IBM Research. Kelly has received the Frederik Philips Award and the Robert N. Noyce Medal, both of which are presented by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He has served as a board member for his alma maters, Union College and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, as well as the New York Academy of Sciences and the Semiconductor Industry Association. Kelly was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2013 for contributions to the U.S. semiconductor industry through technology innovations and strategic leadership. Early life and education Kelly was raised in Albany, New York, and attended Bishop Maginn High School. He earned his bachelor's degree in physics from Union College in 1976. Kelly received his master's degree in physics and doctorate in materials engineering from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1978 and 1980, respectively. Career Kelly has held various roles at IBM since 1980. He was named director of the company's Semiconductor Research and Development Center in 1990, then became IBM Research's vice president of systems, technology and science in 1995. Kelly served as general manager of IBM Microelectronics from 1999 to August 2000. In 2007, he succeeded Paul Horn as the head of IBM Research. He has also served as a senior vice president of cognitive solutions and director of IBM Research, and an executive vice president. He serves as chairman of the IBM Academy of Technology's board of governors. In 2020, Kelly represented IBM at a conference on the ethics of artificial intelligence (AI) organized by the Pontifical Academy for Life, where he signed the "Rome Call for AI Ethics", which advocated for the responsible use of AI technologies. He also announced IBM's partnership with the Bambino Gesù Hospital in Vatican City to use Watson to gather data about brain cancer and other diseases. In late February, Kelly was tasked with building and directing IBM's COVID-19 Task Force. On the 18th of December, 2020, IBM announced that Kelly will retire from the company at the end of the year. Semiconductors In 1997, during Kelly's tenure as vice president of IBM's chip division, the company developed a method of manufacturing computer chips with copper