Djawi-Hisworo was a newspaper printed in Surakarta, Dutch East Indies from 1909 to 1919 in Malay and Javanese. It was considered the mouthpiece of the early Javanese self-improvement organization Boedi Oetomo. History Origin of Djawi-Hisworo The founder of Djawi-Hisworo, Raden Martodharsono had worked in the court of the rulers of Surakarta (Susuhunan) in the 1890s, but was arrested and jailed in Lombok in 1894 on charges of counterfeiting or forgery. He managed to escape to Sumatra where he was arrested once again and forced to serve his sentence there. After being released, he returned to Java, and ended up in Bandung. There, he ended up working as an editor for Tirto Adhi Soerjo at Medan Prijaji, a pioneering newspaper in the Indonesian National Awakening. He then returned to his home city of Surakarta and set about to found his own newspaper. The year it was founded is unclear; Ahmat Adam lists it tentatively as 1906, whereas Agung Dwi Hartanto and Takashi Shiraishi list it as 1909. Martodharsono edited it alongside another newspaper, Djawi Kanda; according to Shiraishi, Djawi-Hisworo "was the outgrowth of the Malay section" of that paper. It was printed with the first two pages in Malay and the second two pages in Javanese (in Hanacaraka script). Conflict with Tjokroaminoto and the Sarekat Islam Today Djawi-Hisworo is mainly remembered for the time in 1918 that it came into conflict with the Sarekat Islam. In January 1918, the newspaper published a satirical article which portrayed the Prophet Muhammad as a drunk and an opium smoker. Tjokroaminoto, a Sarekat Islam leader, launched a campaign against the newspaper, called the TKNM committee (short for Tentara Kandjeng Nabi Mohammad, Malay: Lord Prophet Muhammad's Army). In the pages of Oetoesan Hindia in February 1918, Tjokroaminoto called for a boycott of the Djawi-Hisworo, and called upon the Susuhunan, ostensibly protectors of Muslims in their realm, to not allow this type of material to be published in their city. According to Natalie Mobini-Kesheh, the objective may have been partly to try and stop the exodus of Arab Indonesians from the Sarekat Islam, who had been turned off by its hard turn to the left in recent years. European newspaper in the Indies played up the supposed fanaticism of Muslims who were holding rallies around this matter, but Tjokoroaminoto, addressing an audience of TKNM supporters in Surabaya, said that blame for riots and violence is often put