when dealing with the continuously changing status of the worlds response to COVID-19. In terms of communications infrastructure, more than half of the world's population is now online and almost the entire world population lives in an area covered by a mobile network. It is estimated that in 2019, 96.5 per cent were covered by at least a 2G network. Furthermore, the coronavirus pandemic has revealed the urgent need for resilient infrastructure. The Asian Development Bank notes that critical infrastructure in the region remains far from adequate in many countries, despite the rapid economic growth and development the region has experienced over the past decade. The Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacific highlights that making infrastructure resilient to disasters and climate change will require an additional investment of $434 billion per year. This sum may need to be even greater in some subregions, such as the Pacific small island developing states. Industrial Revolutions First - Third "It is believed that the industrial revolutions began as far as the 17th century, with Britain being the major player with what came to be known as the first industrial revolution. The word 'industrial revolution' can be described as economic upheaval, necessitating the changes in the 'livelihood of the people from agrarian rural livelihood to city and town livelihood'. The second industrial revolution started with the expansion of electricity steel industries and petroleum industries and other scientific achievements that led to mass production. Around the 1950s, the third industrial revolution began with the inventions of computers and digital technology allowing the manufacturing sector to be automated." Fourth "The three industrial revolutions became the basis or the foundation of Industry 4.0 which was defined by Schwab as: 'The blurring of boundaries between the physical, digital, and biological worlds. It is also viewed as the fusion of advances in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, the Internet of things (IoT), 3D printing, genetic engineering, quantum computing, and other technologies Industry 4.0 is the collective force behind various products that are fast becoming indispensable to modern life through the application of AI and machine learning. Industry 4.0 or the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) is gaining a lot of attention particularly on its potential impact on humanity". The Role of Technology on Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure Development Technologies can play a central role in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). A critical components of economic