one side which acts like a shield) and 'deer-antlered carts' (鹿角車; a cart with spears or halberds on the front shaped like antlers). The rebels were unable to harm the Jin troops with their arrows, while the Jin troops killed and injured many of them as they marched through the narrow passes. It is also said that Ma Long placed 'magnetic stones' on the ground to slow down the rebel troops, who they and their horses generally wore iron armour as opposed to the Jin troops who wore rhinoceros hide armour. Shujineng's rebels thought that Ma Long's soldiers were divine beings. Regardless of its historicity, Ma Long's campaign saw the end of Shujineng's raids. Once Ma Long reached Wuwei, Shujineng's allied chieftains, Cubahan (猝跋韓) and Zuwanneng (且萬能), surrendered to Ma Long along with the ten thousand troops under them. In December 279, Ma Long, with the help of Meiguneng (沒骨能) and other tribal leaders, decisively defeated Shujinengs' army and Shujineng was killed. Another account states that after Shujineng was defeated, he was assassinated by his subordinates, who then submitted to Ma Long. With peace restored, Shujineng was replaced by his younger cousin, Tufa Wuwan (禿髮務丸), as their tribe's leader. Wuwan's great-great-grandson, Tufa Wugu (Prince Wu), would later found the Southern Liang dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. References Fang, Xuanling (ed.) (648). Book of Jin (Jin Shu). Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian. Wei, Shou (554). Book of Wei (Wei Shu). Year of birth unknown 279 deaths People of the Three Kingdoms Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) Three Kingdoms people killed in battle Jin dynasty (266–420) people killed in action