to the TCPA was unconstitutional but was also severable from the TCPA. The Court subsequently certified Facebook's case, but limited the case to the second question on the definition of an ATDS. The Supreme Court held oral arguments on December 8, 2020. In oral hearings, the Justices debated on the statutory interpretation of the law with Duguid's counsel, Bryan A. Garner, one of the experts in the areas of law and grammatical interpretation. The Court issued its unanimous decision on April 1, 2021, reversing the Ninth Circuit's latest ruling and remanding the case for further review. The majority opinion was written by Justice Sonia Sotomayor and joined by all except Justice Samuel Alito, who wrote a concurring opinion. The Court found that under a statutory interpretation of the TCPA, the dialing system used by Facebook did not qualify as an "automatic telephone dialing system", and stated that only systems that "have the capacity either to store a telephone number using a random or sequential number generator", or that "produce a telephone number using a random or sequential number generator" can qualify as an automatic dialer under the TCPA. Sotomayor wrote that "Congress’ chosen definition of an autodialer requires that the equipment in question must use a random or sequential number generator. That definition excludes equipment like Facebook's login notification system, which does not use such technology." Sotomayor further wrote "Congress found autodialer technology harmful because autodialers can dial emergency lines randomly or tie up all of the sequentially numbered phone lines at a single entity. Facebook's interpretation of [the TCPA] better matches the scope of the TCPA to these specific concerns. Duguid's interpretation, on the other hand, would encompass any equipment that stores and dials telephone numbers." Impact The Supreme Court's ruling was seen to be favorable to the telemarketing industry, since the decision narrowed the definition of an automatic dialing system of which are regulated under the TCPA. As few actual automated dialers in use at the time of the decision incorporate the random or sequential number generator, telemarketers would be able to use other automatic dialing systems that do not meet this definition to engage in their business, according to the National Consumer Law Center. The National Consumer Law Center as well as Consumer Reports expressed concern that there would be a significant increase in unwanted telemarketing calls due to this decision. Senator Ed Markey, one of the