for the poor. It was agree by all speakers that human sputum was the main vehicle of infection. Professor Brouardel of Paris said, "The danger is in the sputum, which contains thousands of contagious germs. To expectorate on the ground is a disgusting and dangerous habit. Once this habit has quite disappeared, tuberculosis will decrease rapidly." At this meeting, Robert Koch, who had discovered the tubercle bacillus, announced that it was almost impossible for humans to catch the disease from cattle, and even if they did it would only be a very mild form. He said, John McFadyean of the Royal Veterinary College disputed this view. Frederick Montizambert, Director General of Public Health of the Dominion of Canada, noted that this view was in absolute contradiction of two Royal Commissions whose members included experts such as Sir George Buchanan, Sir John Burdon-Sanderson, Sir Richard Thorne Thorne and Mr. Shirley Murphy. They found that "any person who takes tuberculous matter into the body as food, incurs risk of acquiring tuberculous disease." Montizambert wrote that "the feeling throughout the Congress seemed to be that Dr. Koch's statements were made prematurely, and upon insufficient data, and that, should they prove to be wrong, the amount of harm done may be incalculable." Later Koch modified his views, but the belief that milk with live tubercle bacilli could be drunk without much risk persisted in Britain. Resolutions adopted at the close of the congress included: Tuberculosis sputum is the main agent for the conveyance of the virus of tuberculosis from man to man. Indiscriminate spitting should therefore be suppressed. Overcrowding and defective ventilation, damp and insanitary dwellings of the working classes diminish the chances of curing consumption, and are predisposing causes of the disease. The provision of sanatoria is an indispensable part of measures for the diminution of tuberculosis. Medical officers of health should use all their powers and relax no effort to prevent the spread of tuberculosis by milk and meat. A permanent international committee should be appointed to report on the measures for the prevention of tuberculosis in different countries. 1905 congress (Paris) The International Congress on Tuberculosis () was held in Paris on 2–7 October 1905 in the Grand Palais, which allowed all the attendees to collect in one building. The Grand Palais was suitable for holding the large congress due to its great size and many rooms. The French government made