formally dissolved. In 1930, however, the truly Trotskyist wing around Anton Grylewicz split after controversies over the question of the reformability of the KPD and the Comintern and the character of Soviet foreign policy, and formed under the name of "Left Opposition of the KPD". Recognizing early on the danger for the workers' movement of the growth of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), the Lenin League was involved in various attempts from 1930 onwards to build a united front of the SPD and KPD workers parties against fascism, which only succeeded in intensified cooperation with other small left-wing organizations such as the Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) (KPO) and Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (SAPD). After several bans on its press in 1932 (the newspaper Volkswille, initially published daily in 1928, three times a week from 1928 to 1930, weekly from 1930 to 1932 and every two weeks until the final ban, and the theoretical organ, the Fahne des Kommunismus, every two weeks), the organization had to go underground after the Reichstag fire in 1933. Unlike other small left-wing organizations, however, the Lenin League failed to establish a functional foreign leadership (a group of exiles led by Hugo Urbahns existed in Stockholm) or centralized illegal structures. Regional Lenin League resistance groups were active in various regions such as Hamburg, Thuringia or the Ruhr area, often in cooperation with other leftist organizations. After the outbreak of World War II in 1939, their traces were lost. References Bibliography Marcel Bois: Im Kampf gegen Stalinismus und Faschismus. Die linke Opposition der KPD in der Weimarer Republik (1924–1933). In: Kora Baumbach, Marcel Bois, Kerstin Ebert, Viola Prüschenk (Hrsg.): Strömungen: Politische Bilder, Texte und Bewegungen (= Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung: Manuskripte. 69 = Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung: DoktorandInnenseminar. 9). Dietz, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-320-02128-3, S. 86–109, (PDF; 12,0 MB). Marcel Bois: Kommunisten gegen Hitler und Stalin. Die linke Opposition der KPD in der Weimarer Republik. Eine Gesamtdarstellung. Klartext, Essen 2014, ISBN 978-3-8375-1282-3 (Zugleich: Berlin, Technische Universität, Dissertation, 2014). Leo Trotzki: Die Verteidigung der Sowjetrepublik und die Opposition. Die Ultralinken und der Marxismus. Welchen Weg geht der Leninbund? Grylewicz, Berlin 1929, (historische Polemik von Trotzki gegen den Leninbund). Rüdiger Zimmermann: Der Leninbund. Linke Kommunisten in der Weimarer Republik (= Beiträge zur Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien. Bd. 62). Droste, Düsseldorf 1978, ISBN 3-7700-5096-7 (Zugleich: Darmstadt, Technische Hochschule, Dissertation, 1976). External links Marcel Bois: Mit Kirchengeläut aus der Taufe