were cut, which left the reader with their outcomes only. The Twins is considered the first novel in the history of Saudi literature, and arguably the first novel written in the Arabian Peninsula. It is considered one of the founding novels of Saudi fiction, which, according to Mansour Al Hazmi, are six: Ghada Oum Al Korra by Ahmed Reda Houhou Fekrah by Ahmed Al Subaie The Twins or al-Tawa’aman by Abd Al Quddus Al Ansari Al Ba’ath by Muhammad Ali Maghrabi Al Zawjah Wa Al Sadiq by Muhammad Omar Tawfiq Al Intiqam Al Tabii by Muhammad Nour Jawhari Reception In December 2011, a play based on The Twins brought back the memory of its author. It had the same title as the novel and was written and directed by Ali Al Zahrani. It is a monodrama and was performed for the first time by two protagonists. The play’s title, The Twins, was taken from Abd Al Quddus Al Ansari’s novel, of which Al Zahrani wanted to preserve the memory. The actors were Abd Al Rahman Khafaji and Abd Al Rahman Fawzi and the stage director was Saleh Bin Saeed Abu Al Baraa. Editions The Twins was first printed on 1 Rabi I, 1349 AH (July 26, 1930 CE) by Al Taraqi press in Damascus. It was republished by Dar Al Manhal for Journalism and Publication, with an introduction by Muhammad Hamdoon. See also Modern Arabic literature References Further reading Gökgöz, Turgay. 2018. An outlook on the Saudi Arabian Novel/Suudi Arabistan Romanina bir bakiș. (in Turkish) Esma Torun Çelik, Şenel Gerçek (eds.) Contemporary Debates in Social Sciences. London: IJOPEC. ISBN 9781912503520 1930 novels Saudi Arabian novels