President of Indonesia Decree of 23 July 2001 (Indonesian: Maklumat Presiden Republik Indonesia 23 Juli 2001) was issued by the fourth President of Indonesia, Abdurrahman Wahid, at the climax of his standoff with the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and other sections of society, including the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). The decree ordered the disbandment of the upper and lower houses of the legislature, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) and the People's Representative Council (DPR), a "return of sovereignty to the people" by holding a general election within a year, and the removal of all remnants of the New Order regime by disbanding the Golkar Party. The legislature retaliated against Wahid's decree and immediately organised a special session of the MPR to impeach Wahid on the very same day. Wahid's position was made more difficult by the refusal of the TNI and Indonesian National Police (Polri) to abide by his decree. The decree saw the downfall of Wahid from the presidency as the impeachment motion was successfully passed by the MPR, and Megawati Sukarnoputri was elected to succeed him as the president on the following day. Wahid presidency From the start of his presidency, Wahid's stance and position were at odds with many politicians and members of the public. His conciliatory moves to Israel and further proposals to engage in trade with the country were opposed by strongly pro-Palestinian Indonesian Muslims, who argued that nothing could justify Indonesia relations with Israel. His relationship with the TNI was equally turbulent. His decision to appoint his ally Agus Wirahadikusumah as commander of the Army Strategic Command (KOSTRAD) in April 2000 was opposed by many in the military top brass. This opposition was mainly caused by his reformist and highly partisan stance, especially after his audit results showed discrepancies in Kostrad's finance management, and further after he personally called for General Wiranto to be sacked from his ministerial post. Under the threat of a wave of resignations of military commanders should Agus remain, Wahid decided to bow to pressure and replaced Agus with Ryamizard Ryacudu. Wahid's volatile relationship with his cabinet ministers resulted in a total of 18 replacements of ministers in his two-year presidency. Some ministers were sacked simply because of their refusal to cooperate and for showing disobedient traits, while some others were replaced due to more serious allegations of human rights violations (Wiranto) or alleged corruption (Jusuf Kalla and Laksamana