nail bars and tanning booths; spas and beauty salons (except hairdressers); massage parlours, tattoo parlours and body piercing services; indoor and outdoor swimming pools; and indoor skating rinks, play areas, gyms, sports courts, and fitness and dance studios. Some exceptions were made for elite athletes, and professional dancers and choreographers. Most trade shows, exhibitions and conferences were still not permitted. Premises previously forced to close but which were permitted under the regulations to re-open (unless they offered services mentioned in the list above) included cafes, bars, pubs; theatres, concert halls, cinemas, museums, galleries, leisure and entertainment venues; social clubs, bingo halls; hairdressers; funfairs, theme parks, model villages; outdoor skating rinks, play areas, gyms and sports courts; indoor attractions at heritage sites, farms, zoos and safari parks; and libraries. Places of worship could re-open generally and were no longer, as previously, restricted to opening for private prayer. Government guidance Although the regulations allowed theatres and concert halls to re-open, separate non-enforceable government guidance published 3 July 2020 stated, "At this time, venues should not permit live performances, including drama, comedy and music, to take place in front of a live audience. This is important to mitigate the risks of aerosol transmission – from either the performer(s) or their audience." Restrictions on gatherings The previous Lockdown Regulations were revoked, and were replaced with a new regime regulating gatherings of over 30 people. Most indoor gatherings of any size were allowed, but subject to a limit of 30 for gatherings at private dwellings. Public outdoor gatherings of up to 30 were also allowed, but most larger public gatherings remained banned. Subject to a few exceptions, all gatherings of more than 30 people within a private dwelling, or in an adjacent garden or yard, remained prohibited. For this purpose, the following were not considered to be 'private dwellings', and so could in principle have larger gatherings: hotels, hostels, campsites, caravan parks, B&Bs, care homes, children's homes, military accommodation and prisons. Also not considered to be private dwellings were boarding schools and student halls of residence. All indoor raves regardless of the number of participants were prohibited (outdoor raves were already liable to be broken up by the police under section 63(1) of the Public Order Act 1994). Generally, public outdoor gatherings of more than 30 were not allowed, unless at an outdoor visitor attraction or at an organization's operational premises. Larger outdoor gatherings on