research He currently deals mainly with two topics: first, a continuation of his work on knowledge production and knowledge used in the region, through his work with the Issam Fares Institute on “social impact of scientific research.” To this end, he launched the Portal for Social Impact of Scientific Research in/on the Arab World (Athar) in March 2018. Second, he investigates the rupture between social science and religious knowledge, and the spaces in which they coexist. His current analysis of religious discourse and curriculum in several Arab countries reveals an urgent need to work with diverse constituencies, including religious ones. Fieldworks were conducted in Morocco, Jordan and Lebanon. He will soon publish his book Addressing the rupture between the religious and social sciences: Is the morning coming soon? (Kuwait: Nohood, 2021). Public Sociology Hanafi's work on public sociology has been focused on a central question: How can sociology matter beyond the structures of the academic journal? Hanafi has stated that he believes that good scientists are not always popular, and yet he is an advocate of greater involvement of academics and universities in their local societies and the acknowledgement of different regimes of knowledge. In this context, he cites Etzkowitz and Leydesdorff's concept of the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relationships but states that it has ceded its place to the Quad Helix, as there is a missing link with civil society. Civil society, for him, is playing a major role in using knowledge produced within the university and in generating knowledge-based debates in public sphere, including religious spaces, where social science has historically been unable to penetrate, and at times openly hostile. These encounters are not only salient in helping civil society, but they bring faculty research into conversation with the public. He thus advocates for this dual conversation, and a reciprocal relationship where a meaningful dialogue would take place, fostering mutual learning that not only strengthens public knowledge but also enriches research work itself and help set relevant research agendas. Many of his research projects, and his involvement in the IFI program ‘Policy and Governance in Palestinian Refugee Camps,’ were a sort of action-research. There, he experienced what he called “Complex entanglements: Moving from professional to public sociology in the Arab world”. Through these projects, he worked with various organizations of Palestinian and Lebanese civil societies, popular committees, and political factions to improve mainly the governance in the Palestinian