or any combination of the three. Land held by the company was sold off at a rate of $10 per acre for bottom land, and $3 per acre for pasture land. Additional families had arrived in Zeniff by the late 1920s, further stretching the low water supply. These families included the Fred Baca family (from Wilford), and the Burke Prince family from "Turkey Springs Creek". New wells were dug, in 1933, to provide fresh drinking water after older wells had run dry. It took 10 men, 2 weeks to accomplish this feat. Prior to this, water had to be hauled from 3 miles away in order to water crops. In 1934, the Bushman family purchased a sizable herd of cattle, stretching the family beyond their financial limits. Mr. Bushman signed a $2,700 mortgage to pay for the cattle. In 1937, to avoid defaulting on the mortgage, a "mutually beneficial" contract was drawn up by Fred Turley (family friend and local dude ranch owner). Mr. Turley was to receive deeded and leased land, and access to 2 stock watering tanks in trade for cancellation of the Bushman mortgage. Mr. Bushman trusted his friend, and signed the document. After acquiring the Bushman mortgage, Mr. Turley showed his true intentions and assigned the Bushman mortgage to himself, rather than canceling it. He then demanded additional water rights of the Bushmans. Next, demands were made for full ownership of two Bushman water reservoirs, and half of a third. When these demands were refused, Mr. Turley foreclosed on the Bushmans' mortgage. The Bushmans took the Turleys to High Counsel court, but the court ruling upheld Mr. Turley's actions. The Bushmans were forced to abandon Zeniff, relocating to Mesa, Arizona, in 1938. Following the Bushmans' departure, other families began relocating as well. The Hewards sold to the Despains, and the Hunts sold to the Tenneys who in turn sold to the Despains. Eventually the Despains owned a majority of the land. In 1956, Southwest Forest Industries purchased all of the land to build a paper pulp mill with the intent of using the "Dry Lakes" for waste water storage. At this time the land became unlivable due to the offensive odor coming from the lakes. The paper mill ran until September 30, 2012, when it shut down permanently. Today, three adobe buildings and a set of stone walls are all that remain of Zeniff. See also