paper Submission on Vulnerable Children This was a government submission on their commitment to address the factors that place children at risk of abuse, the government response to protect children and how children who were at risk were identified and the response to them. The framework for this is found in the Children's Action Plan where it was stated that it would evolve as the fundamental changes are achieved. The submission identifies that the family and caregivers are the most important player in the care and protection of vulnerable children. It implements new tools used to identify at risk children the development of the communication between government agencies to work together to improve this situation and new measures to manage adults with a high risk factor of abusing children. Section 59 of the Crimes Act 1961 The Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007 was an amendment to the Crimes Act 1961. The purpose as stated in the legislation under s59 (4) of the Crimes Act 1961 which states that the purpose of the act is to stop force in the form of violence used for correction or discipline of children. The amendment was approached to better handle the child abuse situation within New Zealand as before the amendment this was used as a defence for the use of force to discipline children by parents. It concentrates on the use of force by parents for parental control. The amendment was colloquially referred to as an 'anti-smacking law' and was introduced as a private members bill by Green Party member Sue Bradford in 2005. It was endorsed by many organisations such as woman's refuge and Plunket however there was question as to what the law disallowed in the way of discipline with many questioning the right to a 'light smack' in the way of disciplining a child. It's not okay campaign The "it's not okay" campaign began with television advertisements in 2007 and 2008. Surveys were done to measure the effectiveness of this campaign and found that at least 95% of the people surveyed reported recalling something about the advert and over 68% stated that the adds helped them to understand the behaviors that were not tolerable. This campaign has now continued advancing to the ‘its okay to ask for help’ campaign. This campaign has so far included TV advertisements, community led activities, a family violence information line a website with