traversable roofs and steel windows. Many feature distinctive porthole windows. These buildings were all designed and constructed during a period of significant apartment construction in Melbourne's inner south-east following World War II, fueled by population growth, and changes to building codes and the introduction of land titles which allowed people to own individual flats. While many of these apartments are generic, a number were architect designed and are distinguished by their fine detailing and sit responsiveness. Significantly, many of the architects who designed these apartments were émigrés trained in Europe who moved to Melbourne either between the two world wars or after World War II, including Benshemesh himself, Kurt Popper, Ernest Fooks and Michael R. E. Feldhagen. They very often were also working for European émigré and refugee clients accustomed to apartment living. These buildings imbued the area with a progressive, international character, one which was supported by the local community. An article in The Argus in 1957, St Kilda Grows as Flat Centre, illustrates this from a contemporary perspective: "In recent years the major portion of new building work in St. Kilda has been in flats, and this will continue. The district can still do with many more flats to meet the demand of the big floating population associated with a quickly growing city like Melbourne. St. Kilda has all the advantages for flat life of a big city. It is well served by transport from and to the city - less than four miles distant. Shops have developed to meet 'the needs of "flatites;" and there are now numerous cafes serving meals at all hours. Real estate agents have waiting lists of tenants for flats and apartments of all kinds. A feature of real estate activity in St. Kilda at present is the sale, of "own-your-own" flats. Since it has become possible for each flat owner to have a certificate of title, sales have been made more freely. The buildings which are being subdivided in this manner must be of modern construction with concrete floors, and comply with certain regulations." All buildings are still standing and are in good condition. In the media Mordechai Benshemesh once debated the merits of multi-storey flats on radio with other prominent Architects of the time Harry Seidler and Neville Gruzman, and Dick Dusseldorp, founder of Lendlease, the transcript of which was published in Foundations Magazine (a mid-century architecture, engineering and building journal