The following year, the government passed several laws that implemented many of the workers' demands. The experiences of the 1934 United Fruit Strike gave rise to the '40s Generation, a Costa Rican literary movement that emphasized social, economic, and labor reforms. Labor and the Costa Rican Civil War In 1940, Rafael Angel Calderon Guardia came to power, frequently sided with companies over workers, and failed to deliver on his campaign promises. Like Volio, Bishop Victor Manuel Sanabria Martínez encouraged workers to organize for their betterment, also citing the Rights and Duties of Capital and Labor. With the Great Depression damaging Costa Rica's export market, tensions grew. The government of Teodoro Picado Michalski harshly repressed labor organizations. The Costa Rican Civil War in 1948 was fueled partly by discontent among works and labor unions. Picado had violently repressed a general strike in San José, greatly increasing tensions. When the Civil War broke out following Otilio Ulate's annulled victory, labor leaders were labeled communists and jailed. After the Civil War, the Asociación Nacional de Empleados Públicos (National Association of Public Employees) was founded to protect the interests of workers in the new government. In 1998, ANEP became the Asociación Nacional de Empleados Públicos y Privados (National Association of Public and Private Employees). The change was motivated by a fiscal crisis during which large sectors of the public workforce were privatized. ANEP is the largest union in Costa Rica. In 1966, the Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores Eléctricos y de Telecomunicaciones (Electric and Telecommunications Workers Industrial Union) was founded. SITET signed the first collective bargaining agreement in 1967. SITET would later help other state enterprise workers organize unions as well. In 1969, the Sindicato de Trabajadoras y Trabajadores de la Educación Costarricense (Costa Rican Educators Union) became the first educators' union to include teachers from all grade levels. Prior to SEC, there had been a legally mandated associations run by the national government, but no unions. One of SEC's first orders of business was to professionalize educators by having them licensed to teach. Legal impediments in the 1980s and resurgence in the 1990s The 1980s were a decade of trouble for many Costa Rican unions. Many companies, supported by the administration of Óscar Arias, tried to dissolve and undercut private sector unions. Using tactics such as bypassing collective bargaining agreements and ignoring union requests, the banana unions were hit particularly hard. As a fiscal