to impact MITF and FOXO3, which are tumor suppressor genes. MiR-182 is a member of a miRNA cluster in a chromosomal locus that is most often amplified in melanoma (Segura et al. 2009). It is frequently up-regulated in human melanoma tissue samples and cell lines, and this up-regulation causes its ectopic expression, which stimulates migration of melanoma cells, both in vitro and in vivo. The down-regulation of this miRNA triggers apoptosis. Over-expression of miR-182 in malignancy has been shown to negatively impact these tumor suppressor genes by directly repressing them. The repression of these genes allows miRNA to promote the spread and migration of melanoma cells, not taking into account the properties necessary for metastasis to occur. In a fairly recent experiment done by Penna et al. on miRNA-214, it was shown that the miRNA regulates the expression of a panel of 11 target genes, including TFAP2C and ITGA3, and contributes to melanoma tumor progression by suppressing those genes. In this experiment, these genes, known to contain one or more binding sites of the miRNA, were obtained and their three prime untranslated regions (3'UTRs) cloned into a vector. Luciferase assays were then performed in MA-2 and/or MC-1 cells transfected with the miRNA. It was reported that luciferase expression, which was driven by the 3'UTRs of integrin alpha 3 (ITGA3) or transcription factor AP-2 gamma (TFAP2C), was repressed significantly. The team then tried to assess whether the luciferase expression regulation seen in the ITGA3 and TFAP2C genes depended on the binding between the miRNA and the complementary sequence that was present on the 3'UTRs of either gene. A four nucleotide deletion or three point mutations were respectively inserted in the ITGA3 or TFAP2C 3'UTRs, and the 3'UTR alterations entirely abrogated the effect of the miRNA over-expression on luciferase expression in the MA-2 and MC-1 cells. This observation indicated the direct regulation of miRNA-214 on the 3'UTR binding sites of the ITGA3 and TFAP2C genes. Further experiment on protein expression was also conducted on these two particular genes, TFAP2C and ITGA3, and it was shown that miRNA-214 over-expression led to a 30-90% protein decrease in ITGA3 and a 40-80% decrease in TFAP2C (Penna et al., 2011). Consistently, proteins were upregulated 20% in the ITGA3 and 40% in the TFAP2C when miRNA-214 was silenced in the MC-1 cell. This suggests that miRNA-214 importantly regulates the expression of the ITGA3 and TFAP2C genes and