be stated that he refused securing his pay from the English government when attached to the British army, saying that as a Spanish soldier he would be duly recompensed by the government of his country. In reality, however, he received at the end of the campaign but a very slight part of what was owing to him. General O'Lawlor married, in 1817, Dona Donisia Caballero y Crooke, daughter of Don Juan Caballero, a gentleman of an old and noble family of Malaga, whose fortune, though still ample, had been largely diminished by the exactions of the French army." O’Lawlor's hospitality is also reported in the memoir of English traveller Richard Ford, who visited him in Granada in the 1830s: "O’Lawlor is a sensible man, and does not bore one, but is very civil and will be of great use in every way and a banker besides. As he has to remit money to the Duke of Wellington, he is glad of good bills in London." Joseph O'Lawlor died in Madrid on 19 October 1850. Family Joseph O’Lawlor and Donisia Caballero y Crooke had five daughters and three sons, many of whom married into the Spanish nobility. His youngest son, Fernando O’Lawlor y Caballero (30 May 1829 – 29 March 1908), was a brigadier-general in the Spanish army during the African war and the civil war. He served as a Deputy in the Cortes and as a Senator (1893-1908). Involved in a failed plot in 1866 to remove Queen Isabella II, he was a political ally of two major Spanish liberal leaders of the time – Leopoldo O'Donnell, 1st Duke of Tetuan) and Francisco Serrano, Duke de la Torre. His youngest daughter, María de la Encarnación O’Lawlor y Caballero (ca. 1830 – 16 July 1908), married Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez (1811–1870), a senator and Minister for the Interior and Foreign Affairs. Their son Salvador Bermúdez de Castro y O'Lawlor (1 November 1863 – 20 January 1946), Duke of Ripalda and Marquis de Lema, was a prominent Spanish author, politician and nobleman. He inherited his titles from his paternal uncle. He was Minister for Foreign Affairs 1919–21, 1917, 1913–15; Mayor of Madrid 1903–4 and Governor of the Bank of Spain (1922–3). He was also the author of numerous works including De la Revolución a la Restauración, Spain since 1815 and the autobiographical Mis recuerdos 1801–1901. References 1768 births 1850 deaths