to the anterior margin of the cell, covers the base of cellules 2 and 3 and encloses 4 black spots (one in the cell, the median spot and discal dots 1b and 2); subapical band, as in menippe, short and narrow. Cameroons to Rhodesia. acara Hew. (54 b, c) [ now species Acraea acara ] is the South and East African race and only differs from jalema in having the red-yellow colour on the upper surface even more extended and particularly in the fore wing having a large red-yellow subapical band about 7 mm. in breadth in 4 to 6; forewing at the apex black for a breadth of about 6 mm. Natal to Rhodesia, Nyassaland and British East Africa ab. mhondana Suff. [ Acraea acara ] Discal spots 4 to 6 of the forewing united with the black spot at the end of the cell. Among acara. ab. caffra Fldr. [ Acraea acara ] (= tescea Suff. [ Acraea acara ]) only differs from acara in having the upperside of the hindwing whitish in the middle. Natal; Transvaal. f. barberi Trim. [ Acraea barberi ] differs from acara in the forewing above having at the apex a marginal band only 2 mm. in breadth; the black lunulate submarginal line on the upperside of the forewing is sometimes strongly developed, sometimes entirely absent, ab. trimeni Auriv. [ Acraea barberi ] Transvaal and Griqualand. sidamona Rothsch. and Jord. is similar to acara only differing in having the basal dots in the cell and in 1 b of the forewing free and the marginal dots on the underside of the forewing in 1b to 5 all completely bordered with black proximally. Abyssinia. The larva of zetes is orange-yellow with a dark red transverse band dorsally on each segment; head glossy red; spines black; lives in Natal on Passiflora. Pupa reddish white with black markings. Subspecies Acraea zetes zetes — Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Angola, northern Namibia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, southern Sudan, Uganda, western Kenya, Malawi, Zambia Acraea zetes annobona d'Abrera, 1980 — Equatorial Guinea: island of Annobon, São Tomé and Príncipe: island of São Tomé Acraea zetes rudolfi Eltringham, 1929 — northern Kenya and possibly north-eastern Uganda Acraea zetes sidamona Rothschild & Jordan, 1905 — Ethiopia Biology The habitat consists of open deciduous forests and woodland savanna. The