were organized into platoon-sized units attached to each CSDC company. They specialize in abseiling, counter-ambushes, exfil by airmobile, fast tactical shooting, forward observer, hand and arm signals, hand-to-hand combat, infiltrate the area with a helicopter, jungle and mountain warfare, living off the jungle and mountain, long-range penetration, reconnaissance combat tactics, small unit combat tactics, tactical emergency medical, tactical radio communications, tracking tactics, unconventional combat tactics, and use a map and compass. Training National Policemen who volunteered to Field Force service, in addition to their basic police instruction, also received advanced paramilitary training. Probatier officers recently graduated by the Hoc Viên Police Academy or the Da Lat Military Academy had to undergo a complete instruction cycle on combat tactics at the ARVN Infantry School for officers in Thủ Đức, Saigon, whilst patrolmen who had completed their basic training at Rach Dua also attended a similar program at the ARVN Combat Training Centre and NCO School co-located at Da Lat. At this stage, all combat training was carried out at squad- and platoon-level, which enabled the recruits to attain a good tactical manoeuver capacity in the field. Following this, the would-be Field Policemen – including officers and NCOs – underwent further eight weeks' of training in CSDC paramilitary skills at the National Police Training Centres of Mã Lai Á and Phi Luât Tân. Instruction covered subjects such as close protection, combat and patrolling techniques in urban areas, counter-ambushes, crowd control, exfil, first aid, hand and arm signals, hand-to-hand combat, infiltrate the area with a helicopter, intelligence collection, intelligence gathering operations, jungle and mountain combat tactics, law enforcement, living off the jungle, radio communications, raid and reconnaissance combat tactics, riot control techniques, tracking tactics, and use a map and compass. To upgrade their capabilities, squads and platoons were returned periodically to these training centres for six weeks of unit refresher training, but for most CSDC companies and battalions posted in the provinces their refresher course actually took place at the regional training centres. Additional military "on the job" training was provided to Field Police units in the field by U.S. Mobile Training Teams or by Australian advisors from the Australian Army Training Team Vietnam (AATTV). Selected officer students were also sent to the Royal Malaysian Police Field Force Special Training Centre () at Kentonmen, Ulu Kinta, Perak in Malaysia to attend advanced specialized police and instructor's courses; after graduation, some of these new