junior homonym (zoology), later homonym (botany) : a later and generally illegitimate use, though in some circumstances the later name is allowed to stand hemihomonym: a homonym across naming authorities that is permitted because any confusion is improbable parahomonym: names that are similar enough to be likely to be confused isonym (botany) an identical name based on the same type, but published later Principle of the First Reviser Principle of Priority Principle of Typification taxonomic authority binomial authority binomial nomenclature (also "binominal") trinomial nomenclature (also "trinominal") hybrid name (botany) : either two parent binomials, separated by a "×" (q.v.) or a given binomial, with or without an intercalated "×" chresonym published usage of a name. orthochresonym heterochresonym taxon (plural "taxa") wastebasket taxon (also "wastebin taxon", "dustbin taxon" or "catch-all taxon") form taxon Lazarus taxon Elvis taxon sister taxon zombie taxon node-based taxon parataxon ichnotaxon (ichnogenus (igen.), ichnospecies (isp.), etc.) : a taxon (genus, species, etc.) only known by its work, e.g. footprints, nests, or bite marks ootaxon (oospecies, etc.) : a taxon known from fossil eggs sciotaxon a taxon known from partial evidence but believed to be identical to an orthotaxon polyphyletic taxon monophyletic taxon : a taxon consisting of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants; a clade paraphyletic taxon species complex : a group of closely related species very similar in appearance, generally constituting a monophyletic taxon species aggregate or aggregate species : a grouping of closely related species that are treated like a single species for practical purposes alliance : a group of species or genera that have at some time been considered provisionally related conspecific : of the same species; e. g. of two taxa previously thought to be different species congeners : items of the same genus circumscription : the limits of a taxon as made evident by its recognized constituency; a taxon may accordingly be circumscribed differently by different authorities if they recognize different constituents sensu ("sense" in Latin) : as in (s. s.) (in the strict sense), (in a broad sense), etc.; see sensu for more variants and details secundum ("following" in Latin) : e. g. "secundum Smith" form classification Types Type Type genus Type series Type species Type specimen Allotype : a designated type of opposite sex to the holotype Clonotype Epitype : an additional or clarifying type Ergatotype Hapantotype Holotype Isotype : a type identical to the holotype Isolectotype :