menstrual seclusion was a very specific way of displaying a woman's unique knowledge gained through her experience. Some metaforms were expressed through temporary modifications like painting or dying, while others were more permanent modifications like tattoos, scarification, and embedded objects. Narrative Narrative metaforms are based on language, stories, numbers, and sound that "came about as people imagined themselves and their originators to be characters in a life cycle." Numbers and measurement are of particular significance in narrative metaforms. Beginning with the earliest examples on lunar calendars, menstruation and the cycles of the moon were intertwined in many cultures. Metaformic Theory references many examples of narrative metaforms across cultures. One example is the Hindu goddess, often known as Kali, who possessed many qualities of the narrative metaform. Know also as the goddess of the dark moon, Kali was also tied to the number three, and often possesses an enraged red face. Metaformic theorists also discuss how cultures, like the Romans and Gaelic used the same words for menstruation and the keeping of time, while the Mayan calendar was directly influenced by women's menstrual cycles. Material Material metaforms express our current external cultural ideas through crafting goods from earthen materials. For example, beads, made from animal bones, were dyed and made into necklaces or used for counting menstrual and lunar cycles among ancient women. Necklaces themselves are metaformic, representing the vagina that has powers of creation and destruction. Ancient women crafted jewelry to contain emerging knowledge relating to menstruation and the way the world was organized, fashioning their ontological worldview. Jewelry functions as an expression of human consciousness, abstract thinking, and enhances powers while being an art form made from natural materials. Another material metaform is the rose which is given as a gift to show love and respect, but fundamentally symbolizing the vulva in its blood red form. This plant has been cultivated and crafted through horticulture, made by humans to share and pass on metaformic consciousness. Ethnomathematics Mathematician John Kellermeier posits mathematics as quantitative techniques which humans developed as a survival response. Quantitative thinking is seen as a vital element of culture because of its relevance to society. Kellermeier has found that menstruation played a key role in the development of counting and measuring time through anthropological artifacts. Many other scholars also contend that women invented timekeeping through charting their menses on various animal bones and beads. Lunar calendars were