MRAM technology that "will be ready soon". July — IBM and Samsung report an MRAM device capable of scaling down to 11 nm with a switching current of 7.5 microamps at 10 ns. August — Everspin announced it was shipping samples of the industry's first 256Mb ST-MRAM to customers. October — Avalanche Technology partners with Sony Semiconductor Manufacturing to manufacture STT-MRAM on 300 mm wafers, based on "a variety of manufacturing nodes". December — Inston and Toshiba independently present results on voltage-controlled MRAM at International Electron Devices Meeting. 2019 January — Everspin starts shipping samples of 28 nm 1Gb STT-MRAM chips. March — Samsung commence commercial production of its first embedded STT-MRAM based on a 28 nm process. May — Avalanche partners with United Microelectronics Corporation to jointly develop and produce embedded MRAM based on the latter's 28 nm CMOS manufacturing process. 2020 December — IBM announces a 14 nm MRAM node. 2021 May — TSMC revealed a roadmap for developing the eMRAM technology at 12/14 nm node as an offering to replace eFLASH. November — Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute announced the development of a SOT-MRAM device. Applications Possible practical application of the MRAM includes virtually every device that has some type of memory inside such as aerospace and military systems, digital cameras, notebooks, smart cards, mobile telephones, cellular base stations, personal computers, battery-backed SRAM replacement, datalogging specialty memories (black box solutions), media players, and book readers etc. See also Magnetic bubble memory EEPROM F-RAM Ferromagnetism Magnetoresistance Memristor NRAM nvSRAM Phase-change memory (PRAM) Ramtron International MOSFET Spin valve Tunnel magnetoresistance Spin-transfer torque Freescale Semiconductor Crocus Technology Everspin Technologies Grandis (company) References External links Wired News article from February, 2006 NEC Press Release from February, 2006 BBC news article from July, 2006 Freescale MRAM – an in-depth examination from August 2006 MRAM – The Birth of the Super Memory – An article and an interview with Freescale about their MRAM technology Spin torque applet – An applet illustrating the principles underlying spin-torque transfer MRAM New Speed Record for Magnetic Memories – The Future of Things article Types of RAM Non-volatile memory Spintronics Emerging technologies