"A+" schools, referring to the grade given by some rankings. These elite schools represent less than 1% of the higher education students in France. Admission to a certain number of these institutions (e.g. l'Ecole Nationale de la Magistrature in Bordeaux) is reserved only to French citizens, raising questions relating to European mobility and institutional reciprocity. Since 1975, the Comité d'études sur les formations d'ingénieurs has studied the questions of training and job placement for engineers graduating from grandes écoles. Notable alumni Of the 29 persons who have served as President of France, 17 attended a Grande école. Many winners of the Nobel prize attended a Grande école See also Academic grading in France Commission des titres d'ingénieur Conférence des directeurs des écoles françaises d'ingénieurs (CDEFI) Conférence des grandes écoles (CGE) Education in France Grands établissements List of universities in France List of public universities in France Superior Graduate Schools in Italy References Educational institutions in France Public universities in France /ref> The École des commissaires des armées (ECA), training militatry officers in charge of all the support functions (management, purchasing, finance, human support, human resources, legal advice, decision support, logistics)