the Yerevan dialect, but according to normative grammars, SMEA [Standard Modern Eastern Armenian] shows no glottalised voiceless plosives.” Jasmine Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. London Oriental and African Language Library, 2007, issn 1382-3485; p. 17</ref> | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (պ) | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;" | (տ) | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (կ) | | |- !voiced | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (բ) | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (դ) | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (գ) | | |- ! rowspan=3|Affricate !aspirated | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ց) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (չ) | | | | |- !voiceless | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ծ) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ճ) | | | | |- !voiced | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ձ) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ջ) | | | | |- ! rowspan=2|Fricative !voiceless | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ֆ) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ս) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (շ) | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (խ) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (հ, յ) |- !voiced | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (վ, ւ, ու, ո) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (զ) | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ժ) | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (ղ) | |- ! colspan=2|Approximant | | ⟨ʋ⟩ | rowspan=2 align=center|~ (ր) | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;"| (յ, ե, ի, է) | | | |- ! colspan=2|Tap | | | | | | | |- ! colspan=2|Trill | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;" | (ռ) | | | | | |- ! colspan=2|Lateral | | | class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;" | (լ) | | | | | |} Some of the dialects may release the voiceless stops and affricates as ejectives. Notes The phonology of Eastern Armenian preserves the Classical Armenian three-way distinction in stops and affricates: one voiced, one voiceless and one aspirated. Compare this to the phonology of the Western Armenian language, which has kept only a two-way distinction: one voiced and one aspirated. (See the Differences in Phonology from Classical Armenian in the Western Armenian language article for details.) A few exceptional Eastern Armenian words contain voiced stop letters pronounced as voiceless aspirated stops, like Western Armenian. For instance, թագավոր (king) is , not ; other examples are ձիգ, ձագ, կարգ, դադար, վարագույր. Orthography The Eastern Armenian language is written using either Traditional Armenian Orthography or Reformed Armenian Orthography. The controversial reformed orthography was developed during the 1920s in Soviet Armenia and is in widespread use today by Eastern Armenian speakers in Armenia and those in the diaspora that are from Armenia. Eastern Armenian speakers in Iran continue