Benin and Warri districts. Alan Boisragon, Commandant of the Constabulary of the Niger Coast Protectorate. Cap. Malling, Niger Coast Protectorate force. Dr. Elliot, Medical Officer for Sapele and Benin districts. Mr. Ralph Locke, District Commissioner of Warri. Mr. Kenneth Campbell, District Commissioner at Sapele. Mr. Gordon, trader, Africa Association. Mr. Swainson, trader, of Mr. Pinnock's firm. Mr. Powis, agent for Millers Brothers palm oil, at Old Calabar. Mr. Lyon, Assistant District commissioner at Sapele (waited Gwatto). Mr. Baddoo (of Accara, Gold Coast), Consul-General's Chief clerk and Photographer. Mr. Jumbo, Consul-General's orderly, and Civil Policeman. Mr. , Vice-Council's orderly, and Civil Policeman. Mr. Towey, local interpreter. Mr. Herbert Clarke, local interpreter. Mr. Basilli, local Benin guide. Jim, Boisragon's, Kru, manservant. 180 Jakri porters to carry their supplies, food, trade goods, presents, cameras, and tents. 60 Kru labourers. Phillips had sent a message to the Oba, claiming that his present mission was to discuss trade and peace and demanding admission to the territory. Ahead of Phillips, he had sent an envoy bearing numerous gifts for trade. It was during this time that the Oba was celebrating Igue festival, and he sent word that he did not wish to see the British at the time, and he would send word in a month or two, when he was ready to receive just Phillips and one Jakri chief. On 4 January 1897, Phillips and his entire party was ambushed along their journey to Benin City, at Ugbine village near Gwato. British officers and African porters were both slaughtered. Only two British survived their wounds, Alan Boisragon and Ralph Locke. Within the week, news had made it to London of the massacre. This event led to the mounting of the Punitive Expedition. As a result of this attack, the Foreign Office of Britain authorized military action, leading to the "punitive expedition", the purported intention by Moor: »It is imperative that a most severe lesson be given the Kings, Chiefs, and JuJu men of all surrounding countries, that white men cannot be killed with impunity, and that human sacrifices, with the oppression of the weak and poor, must cease.« According to historian Philip Igbafe, the humanitarian and punitive justifications given by Moor ran counter to the economic justifications for military action that he and other members of the Protectorate administration promoted in the months and years before the events of February 1897. The two British that