for academic mathematics, published in 1973. In 1983, he received the AMS's Leroy P. Steele Prize for exposition. In the American Scientist 56(4): 375–389, Halmos argued that mathematics is a creative art, and that mathematicians should be seen as artists, not number crunchers. He discussed the division of the field into and , further arguing that mathematicians and painters think and work in related ways. Halmos's 1985 "automathography" I Want to Be a Mathematician is an account of what it was like to be an academic mathematician in 20th century America. He called the book "automathography" rather than "autobiography", because its focus is almost entirely on his life as a mathematician, not his personal life. The book contains the following quote on Halmos' view of what doing mathematics means: In these memoirs, Halmos claims to have invented the "iff" notation for the words "if and only if" and to have been the first to use the "tombstone" notation to signify the end of a proof, and this is generally agreed to be the case. The tombstone symbol ∎ (Unicode U+220E) is sometimes called a halmos. In 2005, Halmos and his wife Virginia funded the Euler Book Prize, an annual award given by the Mathematical Association of America for a book that is likely to improve the view of mathematics among the public. The first prize was given in 2007, the 300th anniversary of Leonhard Euler's birth, to John Derbyshire for his book about Bernhard Riemann and the Riemann hypothesis: Prime Obsession. In 2009 George Csicsery featured Halmos in a documentary film also called I Want to Be a Mathematician. Books by Halmos Books by Halmos have led to so many reviews that lists have been assembled. 1942. Finite-Dimensional Vector Spaces. Springer-Verlag. 1950. Measure Theory. Springer Verlag. 1951. Introduction to Hilbert Space and the Theory of Spectral Multiplicity. Chelsea. 1956. Lectures on Ergodic Theory. Chelsea. 1960. Naive Set Theory. Springer Verlag. 1962. Algebraic Logic. Chelsea. 1963. Lectures on Boolean Algebras. Van Nostrand. 1967. A Hilbert Space Problem Book. Springer-Verlag. 1973. (with Norman E. Steenrod, Menahem M. Schiffer, and Jean A. Dieudonne). How to Write Mathematics. American Mathematical Society. 1978. (with V. S. Sunder). Bounded Integral Operators on L² Spaces. Springer Verlag 1985. I Want to Be a Mathematician. Springer-Verlag. 1987. I Have a Photographic Memory. Mathematical Association of America. 1991. Problems for Mathematicians, Young and Old, Dolciani Mathematical Expositions, Mathematical Association