lodging $454 million (21%), and other $217 million (10%). The second main area of economic growth comes from what the cruising companies and their crews spend themselves. Cruise liners spend around $297 million on the items that come in their packages on board and ashore as parts of group tours: things like stagecoach rides and boat tours on smaller vessels throughout their ports of call. This money is paid to the service providers by the cruise line company. Cruise liner crew are also a revenue generator, with 27,000 crew members visiting Alaska in 2017 alone, generating about $22 million. 2017 was also a good year for job generation within Alaska: 43,300 jobs were created, bringing in $1.5 billion in labor costs, and a total income of $4.5 billion was generated. These jobs were scattered across all of Alaska. Southeast Alaska had 11,925 jobs ($455 million labor income), Southwest 1,800 jobs ($50 million labor income), South Central 20,700 jobs ($761 million Labor income), Interior 8,500 jobs ($276 million labor income), Far North 375 jobs ($13 M labor income). Labor income is shown in the graph below. Shipyards The construction market for cruise ships is dominated by three European companies and one Asian company: Chantiers de l’Atlantique of France. Fincantieri of Italy with: Ancona shipyards (located at Ancona) Marghera shipyards (located at Marghera, Venice) Monfalcone shipyards (located at Monfalcone, Gorizia) Sestri Ponente shipyards (located at Genoa) VARD Braila shipyards (located at Braila) VARD Søviknes Shipyard (located in Norway) VARD Tulcea shipyards (located at Tulcea) Meyer Werft of Germany with two shipyards: Meyer Turku at Perno shipyard in Turku, Finland Meyer Werft of Germany. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan. A large number of cruise ships have been built by other shipyards, but no other individual yard has reached the large numbers of built ships achieved by the four above. Safety and security Piracy As most of the passengers on a cruise are affluent and have considerable ransom potential, not to mention a considerable amount of cash and jewelry on board (for example in casinos and shops), there have been several high-profile pirate attacks on cruise ships, such as on and . As a result, cruise ships have implemented various security measures. While most merchant shipping firms have generally avoided arming crew or security guards for reasons of safety, liability and conformity with the laws of the countries where they dock, cruise ships have