the canal construction Fort Grant - coastal artillery fort, on an island chain extending seaward from Fort Amador Fort Clayton – on the east side of the canal, it was the headquarters of the 193rd Infantry and the Southern Command Network (SCN), an American Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) outlet. Corozal Army Post – close to, but separate from, the civilian township. Fort Kobbe - coastal artillery fort Rodman Naval Station (which includes the Marine Barracks) Albrook Air Force Base Howard Air Force Base Quarry Heights – headquarters of the United States Southern Command. Atlantic (Caribbean) side Townships Brazos Heights: privately owned housing (by United Brands and other, mostly shipping companies) where employees and owners of shipping agencies, lawyers, and the head of the YMCA lived. Coco Solo – main hospital and site of the only Atlantic-side high school, Cristobal High School. Cristóbal – main harbor and port. Gatún Margarita Mount Hope – site of the only Atlantic-side cemetery and drydock. Rainbow City, now Arco Iris Military installations Forts Randolph, De Lesseps, and Sherman were the Harbor Defenses of Cristobal of the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps from 1912 through 1948 Fort Gulick – home to the School of the Americas. Galeta Island Fort Randolph – coastal artillery fort, located on Margarita Island in Manzanillo Bay. Fort De Lesseps – coastal artillery fort located in Colón. Fort Davis France Field Fort Sherman – built as a coastal artillery fort, later home to the Jungle Operations Training Center. Panama Canal Treaty implementation On 1 October 1979, the day the Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 took effect, most of the land within the former Canal Zone was transferred to Panama. However, the treaty set aside many Canal Zone areas and facilities for transfer during the following 20 years. The treaty specifically categorized areas and facilities by name as "Military Areas of Coordination", "Defense Sites" and "Areas Subject to Separate Bilateral Agreement". These were to be transferred by the U.S. to Panama during certain time windows or simply by the end of the 243-month treaty period. On 1 October 1979, among the many such parcels so designated in the treaty, 35 emerged as enclaves (surrounded entirely by land solely under Panamanian jurisdiction). In later years as other areas were turned over to Panama, nine more enclaves emerged. At least 13 other parcels each were enclosed partly by land under the absolute