engines used were the new Pratt & Whitney JT8D turbofan engines with of unitary thrust. The 10B first flew on August 31, 1964 and was produced as a run of 22 aircraft. Launch customer and primary operator of the 10B was Finnair with 8 examples. Aviaco ordered 5 but this was cancelled, with those aircraft going to Sterling Airways, LTU, and Iberia Airlines. Alia and Union des Transports Aériens (UTA) also acquired aircraft. The last operational Caravelle was a Type 3 10B that flew with Waltair until 2005. Caravelle 10R A combination of the 10B's engines on the Series VI-R fuselage, creating a smaller but higher powered aircraft. Maximum weight at take-off was increased to ( more than the Series I and more than the Series VI-R). It first flew on 8 January 1965 and received U.S. certification on 23 May of that same year. A total of 20 were built, starting service with Alia on July 31, 1965. It also flew with Aero Lloyd, CTA, Hispania and SAT, among others. Caravelle 11R The 11R had a fuselage length of ( more than other variants) and incorporated a cargo door in the port side. This enabled it to carry a mixed load of passengers and cargo. First flight of the series 11R was on 21 April 1967. Only six were built, delivered to Air Afrique, Air Congo, and Transeuropa of Spain. Caravelle 12 (Super Caravelle) This was the last version of the Caravelle to appear, first flying on 12 March 1971. The Series 12 was a 10B with a noticeably longer fuselage, stretched by , and a newer uprated version of the JT8D engines with of unitary thrust. This allowed for up to 140 passengers over a reduced range. The Caravelle 12 was aimed primarily at the charter market, produced to 12 examples starting in 1972. By this point Concorde was in production; this design was originally known in France as Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle. The Caravelle 12 was often also referred to by this name. The launch customer for the Series 12 was Sterling Airways with seven delivered, while the remaining five went to Air Inter. Series 12s flew in Europe until October 1996, and in Africa until more recently. The unit cost was US$5.5M. (1972) Operators The Caravelle served with airlines on every continent except Australia. In 1957, Trans-Australia Airlines (TAA) sought to order two Caravelles, to service its