final sound is a consonant). When the word is followed by al (ալ = also, too), the conjunction u (ու), or the present or imperfect conjugated forms of the verb em (to be); however, it will always take -n: kirkə ('the book', Nom.sg) karin ('the barley' Nom.sg) but: Sa kirkn e ('This is the book') Parin u charə ('The good and the bad') Inkn al ('S/he too') The indefinite article becomes mən when it is followed by al (ալ = also, too) or the Present or imperfect conjugated forms of the verb em (to be): kirk mə ('a book', Nom.sg) but: Sa kirk mən e ('This is a book') Kirk mən al ('A book as well') Adjectives Adjectives in Armenian do not decline for case or number, and precede the noun: agheg martə ('the good man', Nom.sg) agheg martun ('to the good man', Gen.sg) Verbs Verbs in Armenian are based on two basic series of forms, a "present" form and an "imperfect" form. From this, all other tenses and moods are formed with various particles and constructions. There is a third form, the preterite, which in Armenian is a tense in its own right, and takes no other particles or constructions. The "present" tense in Western Armenian is based on three conjugations (a, e, i): The present tense (as we know it in English) is made by adding the particle gə before the "present" form, except the defective verbs em (I am), gam (I exist, I'm there), unim (I have), kidem (I know) and gərnam (I can), while the future is made by adding bidi: Yes kirk′ə gə gartam (I am reading the book or I read the book, Pres) Yes kirk′ə bidi gartam (I will read the book, Fut). For the exceptions: (I shall be, have, know, be able). In vernacular language, the particle "gor" is added after the verb to indicate present progressive tense. The distinction is not made in literary Armenian. (I am reading the book) The verb without any particles constitutes the subjunctive mood, such as "if I eat, should I eat, that I eat, I wish I eat": Personal pronouns Demonstrative pronouns Relative pronouns See also Armenian verbs Hidden Armenians Notes References Bibliography External links Arak29 Eastern Armenian Arak29 Western Armenian Arak29 A Course in Modern Western Armenia Arak29 On-Line Dictionaries Arak29 Etymology Videos of people speaking Armenian Western Armenian Online Dictionaries Nayiri.com (Library of