In rhetoric, zeugma (; from the Ancient Greek , , lit. "a yoking together") and syllepsis (; from the Ancient Greek , , lit. "a taking together") are figures of speech in which a single phrase or word joins different parts of a sentence. Definition In current usage, there are multiple and sometimes conflicting definitions for zeugma and syllepsis. This article categorizes these two figures of speech into four types, based on four definitions: Type 1 Grammatical syllepsis (sometimes also called zeugma): where a single word is used in relation to two other parts of a sentence although the word grammatically or logically applies to only one. By definition, grammatical syllepsis will often be grammatically "incorrect" according to traditional grammatical rules. However, such solecisms are sometimes not errors but intentional constructions in which the rules of grammar are bent by necessity or for stylistic effect. "He works his work, I mine" This quote from Alfred Tennyson's poem "Ulysses" is ungrammatical from a grammarian's viewpoint, because "works" does not grammatically agree with "I": the sentence "I works mine" would be ungrammatical. On the other hand, Tennyson's two sentences could be taken to deploy a different figure of speech, namely "ellipsis". The sentence would be taken to mean, "He works his work, [and] I [work] mine." Read in this way, the conjunction is not ungrammatical. Sometimes the "error" is logical, rather than grammatical: "When the people saw the thunder and lightning and heard the trumpet and saw the mountain in smoke, they trembled with fear. (Exodus 20:18a)" Logically, they "saw" only the lightning. Type 2 Zeugma (often also called syllepsis, or semantic syllepsis): a single word is used with two other parts of a sentence but must be understood differently in relation to each. Example: "He took his hat and his leave." The type of figure is grammatically correct but creates its effect by seeming, at first hearing, to be incorrect by its exploiting multiple shades of meaning in a single word or phrase. "Here Thou, great Anna! whom three Realms obey,Dost sometimes Counsel take and sometimes Tea." (Alexander Pope, The Rape of the Lock, Canto III) "Miss Bolo [...] went straight home, in a flood of tears and a sedan-chair." (Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers, Chapter 35) "She lowered her standards by raising her glass / Her courage, her eyes and his hopes..."When he asked 'What in heaven?' she made no