from either a lack of pollinators or pollenizers, or from poor pollinating weather at bloom time. Multiple bee visits are usually required to deliver sufficient grains of pollen to accomplish complete pollination. Pears Like apples, pears are self-incompatible and need to attract insects in order to be pollinated and produce fruit. One notable difference from apples is that pear blossoms are much less attractive to honeybees due to their pale coloring and light odor. Bees may abandon the pear blossoms to visit dandelions or a nearby apple orchard. The majority of pollinators of pear trees are honey bees, although pears are also visited by blow flies and hoverflies. In some areas, such as the Emilia-Romagna area of Italy, honeybees could not be used to pollinate pears due to the spread of fireblight in the 1990s, and Osmia cornuta were used as pollinators instead. A way to combat the low attraction of honey bees to pear blossoms is to use bee attractants to entice the bees to pollinate the flowers.Bee attractants may include pheromones that mimic the brood pheromone or the juvenile pheromone, or other attractants. There are also other methods for attracting honey bees to pear blossoms. One is saturation pollination, that is to stock so many bees that all area blossoms are worked regardless of the attractiveness to the bees. Another method is to delay the movement of the beehives into the orchards until there is about 30 percent bloom. The bees are moved into the orchard during the night and will usually visit the pear blossoms for a few hours until they discover the richer nectar sources. The recommended number of hives per acre is one. Plums and prunes Most Asian plums require a second variety for cross-pollination, whereas most European plums are self-fertile. European plums that dry well are also called prunes, the common name for the dry fruit. Several of the Asian plums bloom early and pollinator management is similar to apricots. However the fruiting wood especially of Asian plums can be brittle and over-pollination requires aggressive thinning of fruits. Apricots Apricots are botanically similar to almonds and like almonds they can bloom early, making pollinator management similar except that a tree can overcrop if the fruit is not thinned. Peaches and Nectarines Most peaches and nectarines are self fertile and thus require fewer pollinators than apples and pears. Cherries Pie cherries, also called sour cherries,