breed compared to other species of the family. In Europe, the breeding programme EAZA is regulated by Artis Royal Zoo in the Netherlands, whilst in the United States the SSP programme is cooperatively managed by the AZA. The idea is to create a backup captive population, as well as to aid in the conservation of the population in its natural habitat. Between 2010 and 2013, American zoos spent $300,000 on in situ (wild population) conservation. See also Endangered species Wildlife of South Africa Gallery References External links California Academy of Sciences Live African Penguin Cams Images and movies of the African penguin on ARKive African penguins from the International Penguin Conservation website African penguins at the Toronto Zoo Dyer Island Conservation Trust African Penguin and Seabird Sanctuary African penguins on Boulders Beach, south of Cape Town FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology: Conserving Benguela endemic seabirds Birds described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Articles containing video clips Endemic fauna of South Africa Birds of Southern Africa Fauna of South Africa Flightless birds African Spheniscus