of beauty from people and thus covertly pushing for a totalitarian society. In 1966, architect Robert Venturi published Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, essentially a book-length critique of the International Style. Architectural historian Vincent Scully regarded Venturi's book as 'probably the most important writing on the making of architecture since Le Corbusier's Vers une Architecture. It helped to define postmodernism. Best-selling American author Tom Wolfe wrote a book-length critique, From Bauhaus to Our House, portraying the style as elitist. One of the supposed strengths of the International Style has been said to be that the design solutions were indifferent to location, site, and climate; the solutions were supposed to be universally applicable; the style made no reference to local history or national vernacular. This was soon identified as one of the style's primary weaknesses. In 2006, Hugh Pearman, the British architectural critic of The Times, observed that those using the style today are simply "another species of revivalist", noting the irony. The negative reaction to internationalist modernism has been linked to public antipathy to overall development. In the preface to the fourth edition of his book Modern Architecture: A Critical History (2007), Kenneth Frampton argued that there had been a "disturbing Eurocentric bias" in histories of modern architecture. This "Eurocentrism" included the USA. Architects Alvar Aalto Max Abramovitz Luis Barragán Welton Becket Pietro Belluschi Geoffrey Bazeley Max Bill Marcel Breuer Roberto Burle Marx Gordon Bunshaft Natalie de Blois Henry N. Cobb George Dahl Sir Frederick Gibberd Charles and Ray Eames Otto Eisler Joseph Emberton Bohuslav Fuchs Heydar Ghiai Landis Gores Bruce Graham Eileen Gray Walter Gropius Otto Haesler Arieh El-Hanani Wallace Harrison Hermann Henselmann Raymond Hood George Howe Muzharul Islam Arne Jacobsen Marcel Janco John M. Johansen Philip Johnson Roger Johnson Louis Kahn Dov Karmi Oskar Kaufmann Richard Kauffmann Fazlur Khan Frederick John Kiesler Le Corbusier William Lescaze Charles Luckman Yehuda Magidovitch Michael Manser Alfred Mansfeld Erich Mendelsohn John O. Merrill Hannes Meyer Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Richard Neutra Oscar Niemeyer Eliot Noyes Gyo Obata Jacobus Oud Nathaniel A. Owings Mario Pani I. M. Pei Frits Peutz Ernst Plischke Ralph Rapson Zeev Rechter Viljo Revell Gerrit Rietveld Carl Rubin Eero Saarinen Rudolph Schindler Michael Scott Arieh Sharon Louis Skidmore Ben-Ami Shulman Jerzy Sołtan Raphael Soriano Edward Durell Stone Carlos Raúl Villanueva Leendert van der Vlugt Munio Weinraub Lloyd Wright Minoru Yamasaki The Architects Collaborative Toyo Ito See also Critical