in May 2016, when Cap was sold at Skipton for £16,000. DAIRY: Traditionally Craven milk is mostly sold as cheese. North Yorkshire in 2008 had 649 holdings with 71,518 dairy cows aged over 2 years. Average annual milk yield is 7,406 litres/cow. Wholesale production of milk for all of North Yorkshire 2009/10 was 488,894,588 litres. Two thirds of Craven lie within the Yorkshire Dales National Park where traditional landscape preservation is required. Quarrying Silurian gritstone is quarried along the North Craven Fault above Ingleton and in Ribblesdale. Lower Carboniferous Great Scar Limestone is quarried in those areas and also near Grassington. Carboniferous reef limestone is quarried around Skipton. Employment In 2008 there were 26,591 employed; 22% were self-employed. In 2010 each Full Time Equivalent (FTE) employee contributed £40,311 to the District's economy, representing an increase in productivity of 21.9% since 1998; an annual increase of 1.8%. The value of output per capita (estimated to be £19,703) has increased by 32% since 1998. Transport There are no motorways in the area. It was shown by a national detailed Land Use Survey by the Office for National Statistics in 2005, that Craven has the least proportion of land taken up by roads of any district in England: 0.7%. This compared with a maximum of over 20% in four London boroughs and the City of London. Passes Transport can find the Pennines a barrier on occasion when some roads are blocked by snow for several days. Craven is of great significance to the North of England for by its topography it provides low-altitude passes through "the backbone of England". They were especially significant for the railway and canal builders. The lowest passes through the Pennines are: The Airedale to Ribblesdale pass near Barnoldswick is at Thornton-in-Craven The Airedale to Ribblesdale pass near Settle is just East of Hellifield a point labelled Aire Gap on some maps. The Airedale to Pendle Water pass near Colne is at Foulridge also sometimes called Aire Gap. The Ribblesdale to Lonsdale pass near Settle is at Giggleswick Scar The nearest alternative pass through the Pennines is Stainmore Gap (Eden-Tees) to the North, but that is not in Craven's league for it climbs to and its climate is classed as sub-arctic in places. The nearest low-level routes across the country are over away: the Tyne Gap to the north, or the A619 road in Derbyshire to the south. Main