duke. Ferdinand IV 1859–1860 Italian Republic In 1860 Tuscany became part of modern Italy. Florence replaced Turin as Italy's capital in 1865, hosting the country's first parliament, and was superseded by Rome six years later, in 1871. See also Grand Duchy of Tuscany Grand Prince of Tuscany Grand Princesses of Tuscany History of Florence History of Siena House of Habsburg-Lorraine House of Medici Kingdom of Etruria List of Italian State Archives in Tuscany List of rulers of Tuscany Lucca Pisa References Strathern, Paul (2003), The Medici: The Godfathers of the Renaissance (). Covers Florence and Tuscany under Medici. House of Medici gl:Toscana#Historia