of the Wars, Book 3, Pt 1, Ch. 4 and the fate of Rome seemed sealed. By 476 AD, what remained of the Empire was completely in the hands of federated Germanic troops and when they revolted, led by Odoacer and deposed the Emperor Romulus Augustus there was nobody to stop them. Odoacer happened to hold the part of the Empire around Italy and Rome but other parts of the Empire were ruled by Visigoths, Ostrogoths, Franks, Alans and others. The Empire in the West had fallen, and its remnant in Italy was no longer Roman in nature. The Eastern Roman Empire and the Goths continued to fight over Rome and the surrounding area for many years, though by this point Rome's importance was primarily symbolic. See also Military history of ancient Rome Military history of Italy Citations Bibliography Primary sources (print: Penguin Books, 1976, (tr. Jane Mitchell), ) (print: Penguin Books, 1987, ) (print: Book 1 as The Rise of Rome, Oxford University Press, 1998, ) (print: Jacques Amyot and Thomas North (tr.), Plutarch, Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans, Southern Illinois University Press, 1963, ) Polybius: The Rise of the Roman Empire at LacusCurtius (print: Harvard University Press, 1927. (Translation by W. R. Paton), unknown ISBN (print: John Carew Rolfe (tr.), Sallust, Loeb Classical Library, 1940, ) (print: Penguin Books, 1975, ) Secondary and tertiary sources John Bagnall Bury: History of the Later Roman Empire at LacusCurtius, 1889 Cantor, Norman. Antiquity, Perennial Press, 2004, Chaliand, Gérard. (ed.), The Art of War in World History, University of California Press, 1994, Churchill, Winston. A History of the English-Speaking Peoples, Cassell, 1998, Clunn, Tony. In Quest of the Lost Legions, Arminius Publishing, 1999, Ferrill, Arther. The Fall of the Roman Empire: The Military Explanation, Thames and Hudson, 1988, Fraser, James. The Roman Conquest Of Scotland: The Battle Of Mons Graupius AD 84, Tempus Publishing, 2005, (print: Penguin Books, 1985, ) Goldsworthy, Adrian. The Complete Roman Army, Thames and Hudson, 2003, Hanson, Victor Davis. Carnage and Culture, Hanson Press, 2002, Harkness, Albert. The Military System Of The Romans, University Press of the Pacific, 2004, Heather, Peter. The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History, Macmillan Publishers, 2005, Holland, Tom. Rubicon, Little Brown, 2003, Arnold Hugh Martin Jones, The Later Roman Empire, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1964, Robin Lane Fox, The Classical World, Penguin Books, 2005, B. H. Liddell Hart, Scipio