own historical moment. Regardless, his incisive prose shines through, able to communicate with readers from different times and places, conveying his ironic and yet tender sense of what we, as human beings, are. Machado's literary style has inspired many Brazilian writers. His works have been adapted to television, theater, and cinema. In 1975 the Comissão Machado de Assis ("Machado de Assis Commission"), organized by the Brazilian Ministry of Education and Culture, organized and published critical editions of Machado's works, in 15 volumes. His main works have been translated into many languages. Great 20th-century writers such as Salman Rushdie, Cabrera Infante and Carlos Fuentes, as well as the American film director Woody Allen, have expressed their enthusiasm for his fiction. Despite the efforts and patronage of such well-known intellectuals as Susan Sontag, Harold Bloom, and Elizabeth Hardwick, Machado's books—the most famous of which are available in English in multiple translations—have never achieved large sales in the English-speaking world and he continues to be relatively unknown, even by comparison with other Latin American writers. In his works, Machado appeals directly to the reader, breaking the so-called fourth wall. List of works Novels 1872 – Ressurreição (Resurrection) 1874 – A Mão e a Luva (The Hand and the Glove) 1876 – Helena 1878 – Iaiá Garcia 1881 – Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas (The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas, also known in English as Epitaph of a Small Winner) 1891 – Quincas Borba (also known in English as Philosopher or Dog?) 1899 – Dom Casmurro 1904 – Esaú e Jacó (Esau and Jacob) 1908 – Memorial de Aires (Counselor Ayres' Memorial) Novellas 1881 – O alienista (The Psychiatrist, or The Alienist) 1886 – Casa velha (published as a book in 1944) Plays 1860 – Hoje avental, amanhã luva 1861 – Desencantos 1863 – O caminho da porta and O protocolo (two plays) 1864 – Quase ministro 1865 – As Forcas Caudinas (published 1956) 1866 – Os deuses de casaca 1878 – A Sonâmbula, Antes da Missa and O bote de rapé (three short plays) 1881 – Tu, só tu, puro amor 1896 – Não consultes médico 1906 – Lição de botânica Poetry 1864 – Crisálidas 1870 – Falenas (including the dramatic poem Uma ode de anacreonte) 1875 – Americanas 1901 – Ocidentais 1901 – Poesias Completas (complete poetry) Short-story collections 1870 – Contos Fluminenses 1873 – Histórias da meia-noite 1882 – Papéis avulsos