of Afghanistan (November 1841 - March 1842) Following the Massacre at Gandamak, Pollock, who was in command of Jalalabad, held out against Afghan siege. The Hotaks and Tokhi rebelled, capturing Ghazni and forcing the British force to retreat to the citadel. Qalat was also besieged but held out in the winter. Nott, who was in charge of Kandahar, beat off an attempt to storm Kandahar and went on the offensive in southern Afghanistan after defeating a Durrani tribal revolt led by Safdar Jan, Shah Shuja's son, who had defected in favor of the rebels. Nott also evicted thousands of men, women, and children from Kandahar as he was suspicious of possible plots against him and their loyalty to British rule in the region. When news of the Kabul uprising came to Auckland, he ordered for British reinforcements sent to Peshawar and Quetta, however, the Afridi tribesmen had blocked the Khyber pass and overran the fort of Ali Masjid. In early February 1842, Brigadier Wild unsuccessfully attempted to breach the Afridi blockade. As a result, Pollock, who commanded the "Army of Retribution", decided to wait until the spring in Peshawar for reinforcements from Auckland to arrive, as well as for his troops morale to improve. Retribution Campaign (March 1842 - April 1842) On 31 March 1842, Pollock marched from Peshawar with 8,000 men to clear the Afridi blockade of the Khyber. After a short skirmish, the Afridis abandoned Ali Masjid. The British army hence met little resistance on their continued march through the Khyber pass. When Sale heard of Pollock's victory, he lead a Sortie from Jalalabad and defeated Akbar Khan's forces in battle, recovering many guns from the Kabul garrison that was seized. on 16 April, Pollock's forces reached Jalalabad, forcing Akbar Khan to abandon the siege and flee to the safety of his father-in-law's tribe in Laghman. The force Auckland ordered sent from Quetta reached Kandahar in early May and relieved the beleaguered garrison of Qalat. However, the British force were too late to save the Ghazni force, with the British forces in Ghazni under Colonel Palmer surrendering in March 1842 in a pledge of safety. However, when the British forces came out into the open plains following their surrender, they were attacked and almost entirely annihilated, with only a few surviving officers being taken hostage. Nott marched from Qalat to Ghazni and defeated the Ghilzais and then marched