dan or above Also, there is a sokai (priesthood rank) qualification in Kongo Zen Sohon-zan Shorinji. 2nd dan or Sho-kenshi will study Kongo zen's philosophy and submit an application form and thesis. Training system Spiritual training kiryoku (気力) kisei (気勢) kiai (気合) Mental training inyō (陰陽) kyojitsu (虚実) tempō (天方) chii (地位) chijutsu (知術) chiryaku (知略) Physical training • Gō-hō (剛法) (”hard methods”: 8 techniques, 3 traditions) 8 Gō-hō techniques: tsuki-waza (突技) uchi-waza (打技) kiri-waza (切技) keri-waza (蹴技) kari-waza (刈技) fumi-waza (踏技) taigi (体技) bōgi (防技) 3 Gō-hō traditional weapons: dokko-den (独鈷伝) nyoi-den (如意伝) kongō-den (金剛伝) • Jū-hō (柔法 ”soft methods”: 10 techniques) gyaku-waza (逆技) nage-waza (投技) katame-waza (固技) shime-waza (締技) hogi (捕技) ōatsugi (押圧技) nukite-hō (抜手法) nukimi-hō (抜身法) shu-hō (守法) baku-hō (縛法) • Sei-hō (整法 "healing methods") seikei (整経) seimyaku (整脉) seikotsu (整骨) kappō (活法) • Taigamae (体構え "stance") Byakuren hachi-jin (白蓮八陣 "8 stances of Byakuren") gasshō-gamae (合掌構え) manji-gamae (まんじ構え) midare-gamae (乱れ構え) hassō-gamae (八相構え) taiki-gamae (待気構え) gyaku taiki-gamae (逆待気構え) aiki-gamae (合気構え) byakuren chudan-gamae (白蓮中段構え) (or commonly called kaisoku chudan-gamae 開足中段構え) Giwa kyū-jin (義和九陣 "9 stances of Giwa") kesshu-gamae (結手構え) ichiji-gamae (一字構え) niō-gamae (仁王構え) chūdan-gamae (中段構え) gedan-gamae (下段構え) gyaku gedan-gamae (逆下段構え) fukko-gamae (伏虎構え) tate musō-gamae (立無相構え) yoko musō-gamae (横無相構え) • Fujin-hō (布陣法 "body positions") seitai-gamae (正対構え) (both kenshi facing in byakuren chudan-gamae) tai-gamae (対構え) (when one kenshi has a left-front stance, the other also takes a left-front stance) hiraki-gamae (開構え) (when one kenshi has a left-front stance, the other takes a right-front stance) • Umpo-hō (運歩法 "footwork") fumikomi-ashi (踏込足) maeyose-ashi (前寄足) kumo-ashi (蜘蛛足) kani-ashi (蟹足) chidori-ashi (千鳥足) sashikomi-ashi (差込足) sashikae-ashi (差替足) tobikomi-ashi (跳込足) • Tai-sabaki (体捌き "body movement") furi-mi (振身) sori-mi (反り身) hiki-mi (引身) ryūsui (流水) han-tenshin (半転身) gyaku-tenshin (逆転身) han-tenkan (半転換) zen-tenkan (全転換) • Ukemi (受身 "breakfalls") mae-ukemi (前受身) ushiro-ukemi (後受身) ōten yori okiagari (横転より起き上がり) (also in the Kyohan as tombo-gaeri とんぼ返り) dai-sharin (大車輪) Embu Embu is a combination of hokei (organized patterns of goho and juho techniques) which has 6 sections. It is similar to "kata", except that two or more people participate. Embu is performed in the court, in the gym, at a Taikai or other ceremonial occasions. In these patterns one kenshi takes the part of attacker (kōsha 攻者) and one acts as defender (shusha 守者); they then change roles and repeat the technique. After the set form technique the kenshi perform ren-han-ko (連反攻: a series of offence after defence) which is a free form counter-attack