are two tenses: non-past (present, etc...) and past (perfect, etc. ...). Non-past The non-past optative is the simple "present" conjugated form, as compared to other Indo-European languages: 1Historically, verbs of the third conjugation ended in final յ, which in traditional orthography is silent in word final position. Due to spelling reforms conducted in the earliest 20th century, final յ is missing from the Eastern conjugation Past The past optative is the simple "imperfect" conjugated form, as compared to other Indo-European languages: 1 In both dialects, the combinations եի and էի are pronounced as though spelt "եյի" and "էյի", meaning that սիրեի and սիրէի are both pronounced . The latent yod յ is written and pronounced in class III verbs. Conditional mood The conditional is mostly similar in both dialects. In Eastern Armenian, the non-past conditional is formed by affixing կ- before the non-past optative. With this formation, Eastern Armenian also has a past conditional with k- plus past optative. Due to phonological restrictions, կ is pronounced before another consonant: կկարդա (He would read); կկարդային (They would have read). Western Armenian does the same, but it has another form identical to its Future in the Past (for the past conditional). The former has always been more prevalent, while the latter is falling in disuse. The Eastern conditional forms, with slight orthographic variation, are identical to the Western present and imperfect indicative forms: The second (less prevalent) Western Armenian conditional is identical to the Eastern Past Necessitative. Imperative mood 1Optional spoken forms In both Eastern and Western Armenian, the imperative consists of the affirmative and the negative, and singular and plural forms (based on the second person you). Necessitative mood Both dialects have what is known as the necessitative mood (also found in Turkish). Both dialects have a past and a non-past necessitative. Eastern Armenian forms its necessitative by adding particle piti before the optative forms. Western Armenian forms its necessitative with the lu future participle plus the forms of әllal (to be) Note that the EA particle piti is orthographically identical to the Western particle bidi, meaning that the Eastern necessitative forms are identical in form to the Western future indicative and conditional. Also note that the Western necessitative forms correspond to Eastern future indicative (and future perfect (see below)): Voice Armenian has two voices: Active and Passive. All the forms above are Active. To make them passive, add the identifying