Deregulating industries by removing unjustified restrictions on professional services and the retail sector, so that competition and efficiency will increase. Improve infrastructure. Improve education systems. Promote and/or invest in Research & Development and innovation initiatives. Improve the business environment, notably by removing red tape and improving the regulatory framework (i.e. bankruptcy laws, commercial code). Employment This objective will be evaluated on basis of measured figures for the long-term unemployment rate, youth unemployment rate and labour participation rates. Beside of full employment being an objective by itself, a flexible all-inclusive labour market with security arrangements removing barriers for employees to conduct an increased amount of job shifts throughout their working career, also positively spill-over into improving the competitiveness. Each country will be responsible for the selection of its own specific policy actions to improve employment, but should mainly pick and choose between the following reform types: Labour market reforms to promote the "flexicurity" model, reduce undeclared work, and increase labour participation. Reforms to support lifelong learning of the already employed/educated working force. Tax reforms: "lowering taxes on labour" and "taking measures to facilitate the participation of second earners in the work force". Sustainability of public finances This objective will be assessed on basis of the sustainability gap indicators (S0 for the short-term, S1 for the medium-term and S2 for the long-term), which the Commission already publish every third year in their fiscal sustainability report (as part of their work to calculate appropriate minimum Medium-Term budgetary Objectives for each EU member state). If the composite S0 indicator is above 0.43, it signals existence of too high risk for fiscal stress in the short-term, which call on implementation of immediate counter measures. If the fiscal gap indicators S1 and/or S2 indicators are positive, it means debt levels are forecast to become unsustainable in the medium-term and/or long-term under a no-policy-change assumption, because of increasing public expenditures caused by demographic factors. If such S1 or S2 sustainability issues arise, they are to be addressed through implementation of fiscal consolidation leading to sufficient annual improvements for the structural budget balance and/or by increasing the sustainability of pensions, health care and social benefits systems through the following expenditure saving reforms: Aligning the effective retirement age with life expectancy, so that the pension system better can shoulder the demographic situation. Limiting early retirement schemes, and using targeted incentives for older workers in the age tranche above 55