Partridge Island at the mouth of the harbour. The immigration station continued to operate for many decades. In 1859, Partridge Island also became known as the site of the first successful demonstration of an automated steam-powered foghorn, invented by the Scotsman Robert Foulis who had settled in the city. The foghorn is "ranked by historians as one of the most outstanding in the development of navigation aids." For many years, the Port prospered as the winter port for Montreal. In 1889 the Canadian Pacific Railway opened a line across the state of Maine from Montreal to Saint John and transferred the majority of its trans-Atlantic passenger and cargo shipping to the port during the winter months. During the First World War, the Port of Saint John became a trans-shipment point for the British Empire's war effort. It had less importance during World War II as the navy focus had been consolidated in Halifax. The port suffered a decline following the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway and the introduction of icebreaker services in the Seaway in the 1960s. In 1994 CPR left Saint John when it sold the line to shortline operator New Brunswick Southern Railway. The Canadian National Railway still services Saint John with a secondary mainline from Moncton. CPR made a return in 2020 with the purchase of Central Maine and Quebec Railway that connects with Irving owner NBSR in Brownville Junction Maine Port facilities There are several marine facilities situated on either side of the harbour. The west side of the harbour includes: the Lower West Terminal, for dry bulk and liquid bulk the American Iron and Metals Terminal, for dry bulk inter-provincial ferry terminal, operated by Bay Ferries for passenger and vehicle ferry service to Digby, Nova Scotia the Rodney Container Terminal, for container, dry bulk, break bulk and project cargo (operated by DP World formerly operated by Logistec Stevedoring, formerly operated by BrunTerm) the Navy Island Terminal, for container, dry bulk, break bulk and project cargo (formerly operated by ForTerm) The east side of the harbour includes: , a Royal Canadian Navy reserve unit Canadian Coast Guard Station Saint John, a search and rescue station operating the lifeboat CCGS Courtney Bay the Long Wharf Terminal, for dry bulk, break bulk and project cargo the Pugsley Terminal, for dry bulk, break bulk and project cargo the Marco Polo Cruise Terminal the Diamond Jubilee Cruise Terminal the