points of view for estimating net revenue are discriminated. This brief analysis characterizes Hermann's work in pure economics. On practical questions, those of economic legislation, his opinions are only to be gathered with difficulty from the papers in the Gelehrte Anzeigen, and generally were expressed with such reference to special circumstances as to render doubtful their full import. It seems probable, however, that his views on protection were far from clear, and that he was somewhat under the sway of the principle that the best financial policy is encouragement of national industry. Appreciation Hermann's rare technological knowledge gave him a great advantage in dealing with some economic questions. He reviewed the principal fundamental ideas of the science with great thoroughness and acuteness. "His strength," says Roscher, "lies in his clear, sharp, exhaustive distinction between the several elements of a complex conception, or the several steps comprehended in a complex act." For keen analytical power his German brethren compare him with Ricardo. But he avoids several one-sided views of the English economist. Thus he places public spirit beside egoism as an economic motor, regards price as not measured by labour only but as a product of several factors, and habitually contemplates the consumption of the labourer, not as a part of the cost of production to the capitalist, but as the main practical end of economics. Notes References This work in turn cites: J. Kautz, Die geschichtliche Entwicklung der National-Oekonomik und ihrer Literatur (1860), pp. 633–638. W. G. F. Roscher, Geschichte der Nationalökonomie in Deutschland (1874), pp. 860–879. 1795 births 1868 deaths German economists German statisticians People from Ansbach (district) Members of the Frankfurt Parliament Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)