Attaleia and Kos and the who commanded the theme's Mardaites. These were the descendants of several thousand people transplanted from the area of Lebanon and settled there by Emperor Justinian II () in the 680s to provide crews and marines for the fleet. In the early 9th century, the thematic fleet of the Cibyrrhaeots comprised 70 ships; and in the Cretan expedition of 911, the Cibyrrhaeot theme sent 31 warships – 15 large dromons and 16 middle-sized – with 6,000 oarsmen and 760 marines. Around the mid-11th century, as the Muslim naval threat subsided, the Byzantine provincial fleets began a precipitate decline: the fleet of the Cibyrrhaeots is last mentioned in the repulsion of a Rus' raid in 1043, and the theme became a purely civil province, headed by a and later by a . Most of its territory was lost to the Seljuk Turks after the 1071 Battle of Manzikert, but recovered under Alexios I Komnenos (). The rump theme was finally abolished by Manuel I Komnenos (), and the territory in Caria subordinated to the theme Mylasa and Melanoudion. References Sources Themes of the Byzantine Empire Byzantine navy Byzantine Anatolia States and territories established in the 8th century Arab–Byzantine wars States and territories disestablished in the 12th century Medieval Aegean Sea