family history can also affect this. Over the past 30 years in the US, "black adults are nearly twice as likely as white adults to develop type 2 diabetes." Besides this difference just being between black and white adults, we see the greatest margin of comparison between black and white women. In 2015, 87 percent of all TB cases in the United States occurred in those that are identified as racial and ethnic minorities, especially Hispanics, Asians, and African Americans. Even more recently, African Americans are considered the group with the highest rate of infection, totaling more than 1,000 cases in 2019. Socioeconomic factors are the related cause, alongside it presenting barriers to treatment in the disease. Sickle cell disease is more susceptible to be found in those of descent from places such as those in the Mediterranean, Italy, Turkey, and Greece, as well as Africa and regions of South and Central America. The disease affects how oxygen is delivered to the red blood cells and is often diagnosed at a young age, discovered through a diagnosis of anemia. In a 2019 study on racial discrimination and dental health in the U.S. the authors found that the "emotional impact of racial discrimination" results in fewer visits to a dentist. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, childhood obesity is more common among Hispanic (25.8%) and Black children (22.0%) compared to white children (14.1%). In other studies the same results are seen in adults from the same race and ethnicity. A 2021 systematic review on hearing loss in adults found an absence of racial and ethnic diversity in studies that did not represent the diversity of the US population. African Americans History Disparities in health and life span among blacks and whites in the US have long existed before today. Many African Americans and minorities weren't subjects of outreach, nor attended to for communicable or non-communicable conditions. Several incidents throughout early history show maltreatment, neglect, and being denied healthcare in comparison to the white population. Foregoing early treatment progresses infection, leads to disability, or ultimately death, dependent upon the disease. One of those namely events in history is the flu epidemic of 1918. The virus infected more than 675,000 people, with a total of 500 million worldwide. Black communities were either refused care, received subpar attention, or, where available, expected and pursued aid from black nurses. Although current