carried out his Ph.D. dissertation research under the direction of Dr. James Jamieson in the department of cell biology, and his advisory committee included George Palade, Elizabeth Hay and Joseph Madri. From 1984 to 1986 he completed his training as an Anna Fuller Postdoctoral Fellow under the mentorship of Dr. Judah Folkman in the Surgical Research Laboratory at Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Scientific career Appointments In 1986, Ingber became an instructor in pathology at Harvard Medical School, as well as a research associate in surgery at Boston Children's Hospital and in pathology at Brigham and Women's Hospital In 1993, appointed a research associate in pathology at Boston Children's Hospital In 1999, promoted to Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School In 2002, appointed a senior associate in the Vascular Biology Program at Boston Children's Hospital In 2004, Ingber became the first incumbent of the Judah Folkman Professorship of Vascular Biology at Harvard Medical School. As of December 2019, he currently holds this position. In 2008, appointed as Professor of Bioengineering at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. As of December 2019, he currently holds this position. In 2009, appointed as the Founding Director of the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University. As of 2020, he currently holds this position. In 2018, appointed to Friedrich Merz Guest Professorship at Goethe University. Significant contributions Ingber is best known for his discovery of the role mechanical forces play in developmental control and in cancer formation, and for his application of these principles to develop bioinspired medical devices, nanotechnologies, and therapeutics. Ingber's early scientific work led to the discovery that tensegrity architecture - first described by the architect Buckminster Fuller and the sculptor Kenneth Snelson - is a fundamental design principle that governs how living systems are structured, from individual molecules and cells to whole tissues, organs and organisms. Ingber's work on tensegrity led him to propose that mechanical forces play as important a role in biological control as chemicals and genes do, and to investigate the molecular mechanism by which cells convert mechanical signals into changes in intracellular biochemistry and gene expression, a process known as "mechanotransduction." Ingber determined that living cells use tensegrity architecture to stabilize their shape and cytoskeleton, that cellular integrins function as mechanosensors on the cell surface, and that cytoskeletal tension (or "prestress," which is central to the stability of tensegrity