This national electoral calendar for 2011 lists the national/federal elections held in 2011 in all sovereign states and their dependent territories. By-elections are excluded, though national referendums are included. January 9–15 January: South Sudan, Southern Sudanese independence referendum 23 January: Central African Republic, President and Parliament (1st Round) Portugal, President 31 January: Niger, Parliament and President (1st Round) February 6 February: Cape Verde, Parliament 13 February: Chad, Parliament Switzerland, Referendum 18 February: Uganda, President and Parliament 22 February: Kosovo, President (1st Round) (indirect) 25 February: Ireland, Parliament March 4 March: Samoa, Parliament 6 March: Estonia, Parliament 8 March: Federated States of Micronesia, Parliament 12 March: Niger, President (2nd Round) 13 March: Benin, President 19 March: Egypt, Constitutional referendum 20 March: Haiti, President (2nd Round) 27 March: Central African Republic, Parliament (2nd Round) April 3 April: Kazakhstan, President Andorra, Parliament 7 April: Kosovo, President (2nd Round) (indirect) 8 April: Djibouti, President 9 April: Nigeria, Parliament (1st round) Iceland, Loan guarantees referendum 10 April: Peru, President (1st round) and Parliament 16 April: Nigeria, President 17 April: Finland, Parliament 25 April: Chad, President 26 April: Nigeria, Parliament (2nd round) 30 April: Benin, Parliament Laos, Parliament May 2 May: Canada, Parliament 5 May: United Kingdom, Alternative Vote referendum 7 May: Ecuador, Referendum Niue, Parliament Singapore, Parliament 11 May: Micronesia, President (indirect) 19–21 May: Seychelles, President 22 May: Cyprus, Parliament Vietnam, Parliament 23 May: Netherlands, Senate (indirect) 28 May: Malta, Divorce referendum June 2 June: Latvia, President (indirect) 5 June: Macedonia, Parliament Peru, President (2nd round) Portugal, Parliament Slovenia, Referendum 12 June: Turkey, Parliament 12–13 June: Italy, Referendum 15 June: Laos, President (indirect) 17–19 June: Liechtenstein, Registered partnership referendum 22 June: Palau, Casino referendum July 1 July: Morocco, Constitutional referendum 3 July: Thailand, Parliament 17 July: São Tomé and Príncipe, President (1st round) 23 July: Latvia, Parliamentary dissolution referendum 25 July: Vietnam, President (indirect) August 7 August: Cape Verde, President (1st round) São Tomé and Príncipe, President (2nd round) 21 August: Cape Verde, President (2nd round) 23 August: Liberia, Constitutional referendum 26 August: Abkhazia, President 27 August: Singapore, President 29 August: Estonia, President (indirect) September 11 September: Guatemala, President (1st round) and Parliament 15 September: Denmark, Parliament 17 September: Latvia, Parliament 18 September: Liechtenstein, Referendum on legalising abortion 20 September: Zambia, President and parliament 24 September: United Arab Emirates, Parliament 25 September: France, Senate 29 September: Isle of Man, Parliament 29 September–1 October: Seychelles, Parliament