for facilitating the use of these recyclables and using products for the entirety of their lifespan. The national government holds the most responsibility as they shall take care of proper funding for recycling and treatment, take necessary action to promote research and development, and encourage the public to do their research and recycle and reuse. The local government holds similar responsibilities as the national government, but on a smaller scale. Law for the Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances The Law for the Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances (LRHA) became effective in 2009 as a way to enforce rules on the production of products such as CRT television receivers, household air conditioners, washing machines, and refrigerators. More specifically, LRHA was created to create a recycling scheme in which the main principle is to newly impose obligations on home appliance manufactures and retailers. These manufacturers and retailers are pressured by this law to ensure proper waste treatment and efficient use of resources. LRHA outlines which kinds of home appliances are regulated, the responsibilities of the parties involved, whom include waste generators, retailers, manufacturers, the Association for Electric Home Appliances, and city governments, as well as the standards for recycling and regulating the coupon system. Waste generators, which include business operators and consumers, must transfer necessary appliances to retailers and pay necessary recycling and collection fee demanded by the retailers. Retailers must take back sold appliances, deliver home appliances, and issue recycling coupons. Manufactures and importers are responsible for to take back manufactured appliances from retailers, recycle appliances, and make recycling fees public. The Association for Electric Home Appliances must recycle appliances in which the manufacturer is unknown as well as appliances entrusted by specific manufactures whose production volume is less than 900,000 units for television sets and air conditioners and 450,000 units for washing machines and refrigerators. Governments are responsible for promoting the collection, transportation, and recycling of used home appliances. LRHA is also responsible for setting recycling standards. All home appliances that are taken back must meet minimum recycling rate requirements. In regards to the LRHA law, recycling rate refers to the weight of materials recycled divided by the weight of units processed for recycling. The minimum required recycling rates are 70% for air conditioners, 55% for televisions, 60% for refrigerators and freezers, and 65% for washing machines. The home appliance recycling coupon system ensures that the