The Minardi PS05 is a Formula One racing car used by Minardi F1 Team during the 2005 season. It failed to be much of an improvement over its predecessor, as the team finished last in the standings for the third consecutive season. The car was launched on 15 April 2005 at Mugello in Italy. The PS05 was designed by Gabriele Tredozi and Andrea Rocchetto and was driven by rookies Christijan Albers, Patrick Friesacher (until the British Grand Prix) and Robert Doornbos (from the German Grand Prix onwards). It was the last Formula One car developed by Minardi before the sale of the team, which from 2006 became known as the Red Bull Racing sister team, Scuderia Toro Rosso. It debuted at the San Marino Grand Prix, in the three races beforehand the team used the Minardi PS04B. The team earned their second double-points finish in the team's 20-year history at the controversial United States Grand Prix, an achievement only brought to fruition by the withdrawal of all teams using the Michelin tyres; only 6 cars participated in the race. For the third straight season, Minardi ran on Bridgestone Potenza tires, with the power trains supplied by Cosworth. Enrico Toccacelo and Chanoch Nissany drove a third car during practice sessions. After the end of the season, Juan Cáceres, Roldán Rodríguez, Davide Rigon, Luca Filippi and Katherine Legge drove the PS05 during test sessions at Vallelunga. Performance and development The PS05 was Minardi's first completely new car since the PS02. Unlike in the previous two years, the car was designed specifically to be fitted with the Cosworth TJ2005 engine. Team owner Paul Stoddart and founder Gian Carlo Minardi both expected the PS05 to be fighting for positions with the Jordans. The carbon fibre chassis featured heavily sculpted sidepods and updated aerodynamics, which included innovative double plane winglets aimed at reducing drag and increasing downforce levels. Development was slow, but stood to testament of the team's ability to design cars on a small budget. The PS05's first upgrade came in the Hungarian Grand Prix, when the team introduced a large vertical slit, a first as well and finishing off the year was a multi-profiled front wing. The front wing was, along with Renault and Jordan, a first and would be adopted by most teams by the end of the decade. Engine The TJ2005 Series 10 engine featured aluminium engine block and cylinder heads