text: A semi-empirical method for the prediction of reactivity ratios is called the Q-e scheme which was proposed by Alfrey and Price in 1947. This involves using two parameters for each monomer,  and . The reaction of 
  radical with  monomer is written as
  while the reaction of  radical with  monomer is written as
  Where P is a proportionality constant, Q is the measure of reactivity of monomer via resonance stabilization, and e is the measure of polarity of monomer (molecule or radical) via the effect of functional groups on vinyl groups. Using these definitions,  and  can be found by the ratio of the terms. An advantage of this system is that reactivity ratios can be found using tabulated Q-e values of monomers regardless of what the monomer pair is in the system.