Additionally, considering oscillation amplitudes ranging from 10 to 300 nm, it becomes apparent that the typical electrode separation lies within the screening length of the electrolyte. In fact, due to incomplete When the gap size is smaller than twice the Debye screening length, the potential linearly decays with the distance. c) Calculated potential profiles at 0.6 nm above the substrate for various gap sizes (3, 10, 25 and 50 nm) as obtained from the 2D Laplace's equation. We have considered a tip of 25 nm in radius held at a potential of V tip and a grounded substrate. The potential is normalized to the tip bias.