Several studies have proved that engineering structures such as bridges and reinforced concrete wall buildings become more vulnerable under the sequential loads of earthquakes and tsunamis. After suffering a large earthquake, a tsunami impact can produce a greater damage response than a simple tsunami impact, that is, the continuation of the earthquake and tsunami will aggravate the damage to the engineering structures . For these kinds of sequential multi-hazard coupling scenarios, first-acting hazards need to be viewed as weakening or preloading of the structure for the damage analysis of second-acting hazards .