Figure : Left: Scheme for the CO 2 R reaction pathways for CO and HCOOH formation. Conversion to CO occurs via a disproportionation reaction, while conversion to HCOOH occurs via protonation. Note that monodentate HCOO* is metastable but can exist when walled in by other adsorbates. Right: Atomic visualizations of investigated intermediates for CO/HCOOH formation.