Financial viability is key for selecting any treatment technology. Even if a technology effectively removes PFAS from water, it won't be adopted if it's not financially sustainable. All the papers we reviewed used net present value to assess the financial viability of their chosen treatment technologies. Researchers used the USEPA's work breakdown structure model to evaluate the financial viability of IX and GAC for PFAS removal from groundwater, considering overall costs during their useful life. The life cycle inventory for each remediation system estimated lifetime costs in real dollars and on a per-unit-volume basis ($/m³ treated). The results