Preclinical studies show that integrating CAR-T cells with OVs directs attention to the tumor-specific expressed tumor antigens limitations that arise from the use of CAR alone. One trial paired CAR-T cells directed towards CA IX and an oncolytic adenovirus delivering chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and IL-12 to investigate anti-tumor potential . Results demonstrated that the combined therapy, Ad5-ZD55-hCCL5-hIL12, caused a modest suppression of human-derived tumors in murine models. Ad5-ZD55-hCCL5-hIL-12 and CA9-CAR-T cells enhanced CAR-T cell penetration within solid tumors, restrained cancer growth, and extended overall persistence . Hence, this study demonstrates effective results in integrating OAV with CAR-T cells for anti-tumor treatment. Another study examined CAR-T cells in conjunction with OVs equipped with CCL5 and the proinflammatory IL-15 . Researchers observed that the administration of the OAV accelerated cell death in neuroblastoma tumors treated by CAR-T therapy . The adenovirus caused CCL5 and IL-15 to be secreted, which activated CAR-T cells and increased their persistence, thus lengthening overall mouse survival . A different study tested the treatment of OAV with chemokine CXCL11 against glioblastoma models using immunodeficient mice . The combination of therapies elicited robust antitumor effects and increased infiltration of CD8 + T lymphocytes .