where 𝐴 𝑏 represents the area of the formed lipid bilayer, and 𝐴 𝑚 represents the area of the budding, even at concentrations as high as 20 mg/ml. This may be related to the structure of 193 liposomes and their ability to reduce interfacial tension. We measured the interfacial tensions 194 between the oil phase and the aqueous phase (water). When 9 mg/ml DOPC was in the oil phase, 195 the interfacial tension was 3.8 ± 0.1 mN/m. In contrast, using 9 mg/ml DOPG in the oil phase 196 reduced the interfacial tension significantly to 0.4 ± 0.1 mN/m. This highlights the importance of 197 the lipid type in the oil phase for inducing budding. under various air pressure ratios. As the pressure ratio increases from 2 to 4, the diameter of the 211 liposomes decreases (Figure ), demonstrating a clear relationship between liposome size and 212 air pressure ratio. The liposomes exhibit a good monodisperse distribution, with a coefficient of 213 variation (CV) ranging from 2.89% to 7.59% (Figure ). By introducing slight adjustments to the air 214 pressures, it is possible to achieve the desired liposome size.