As described in the introduction part, a major source of intracellular ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction plays a crucial role in apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) was assessed in the present experiment for determining one of the important events related to apoptosis. Mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed by measuring the uptake of Rhodamine-123 after incubating mitochondrial fraction with rotenone in the presence or absence of Celastrol by using Spectrofluorometer. The amount of dye remaining in the supernatant was inversely proportional to the membrane potential. As shown in Fig. and 8, there was a significant (p ˂ 0.05) increase in Rhodamine-123 fluorescence due to lack of uptake by the mitochondrial fraction incubated with rotenone, suggesting the loss in mitochondrial membrane potential. However, Celastrol inhibited the increase in Rhodamine-123 fluorescence caused by rotenone. This might be due to Celastrol that can be induced autophagy in the cell lines and helping in cell survival Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell which supplies energy in the form of ATP to the cells. It plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal cells. Consistent with previous findings of , Celastrol effectively scavenges ROS formation and it prevents the oxidative damage to the cells. In conclusion, the present results says that Celastrol which is isolated from C. paniculatus roots have a potential neuroprotective role.