For the current study, because we had access to an instrument that could read a 96-well plate every few minutes, we chose to opt for procedural simplicity. Figure shows that the reaction rate (i.e., sensitivity of the assay) can be fine-tuned by changing the NaBH4 concentration. The optimum ranges of TFP and DMSO concentrations were 100-220 μM and 5-10% v/v, respectively. Too much TFP slowed the reaction, presumably because TFP began to form coordinatively saturated (i.e., unreactive) palladium species in situ (manuscript under review). DMSO can bind and form catalytically inactive palladium species, which is likely why more than 10% DMSO substantially retarded the reaction.