For efficiency calculations, we compare the optimality criteria (Eq. 8) of reference designs and A and D-optimal designs. We calculate the weighted covariance matrices of the reference LOMAP and radial designs 𝐂 𝑟𝑒𝑓 , A-optimal designs 𝐂 𝐴 , and D-optimal designs 𝐂 𝐷 using Eq. 7. To calculate the relative efficiency of the reference designs to D-optimal designs, we take the ratio of the determinants of 𝐂, where if