While the extinction cross-section ext underlies the extinction = 1 -, it is nevertheless challenging to maximize the abs at the minimal reflectance. This is a severe impediment for the realization of true perfect absorption → 1, and, by extension, perfect thermal emitters with emittance = as per Kirchhoff's law of thermal radiation. From the simulated far-field distribution of scattered radiation, even though specular reflection is dominant in the FDTD analysis of ideal structures, it can be recognised that there is appreciable output at angles up to 40 degrees from the normal incidence. Therefore it is required to separate the specular reflection from scattering for further qualitative analysis that would be predictive of metasurface behavior as observed in the far-field.