In this paper, we analyzed data from the CAS Content Collection to summarize the research advances in one distinctive class of neurodegenerative disordersthe polyQ diseases. The diseases of this class are each considered rare, yet polyQ diseases constitute the largest group of monogenic neurodegenerative disorders. We examine the publication landscape of recent research in the area of polyQ diseases in effort to provide insights into the knowledge advances and developments. We review the most discussed concepts and assess the state-of-the-art strategies to combat these diseases, based on the data from the CAS Content Collection. Finally, we inspect clinical applications of products against various polyQ diseases with their development pipelines. The objective of this review is to provide a broad overview of the evolving landscape of current knowledge regarding the class of polyQ diseases, to outline challenges, and evaluate growth opportunities, to further efforts in solving the problems that remain. The novelty and merit of the article stem from the extensive, wide-ranging coverage of the most up-to-date scientific information accumulated in the CAS Content Collection allowing unique, unmatched breadth of landscape analysis and in-depth insights.