However, we anticipate that an optimization of reaction conditions including concentrations of the enzyme, buffer conditions, reaction stop conditions etc. will further increase the amplification. Most importantly, the SWCNT surface chemistry could be tailored to find sensors with enhanced affinity for TMB. This could shift amplification into the 10-100x range (Figure ). For example, a DNA oligonucleotide with n nucleotides yields 4 n potential variations that will affect sensing. Additionally, the introduction of sp 3 -and guanine-defects can further extend the chemical space needed for high affinity TMB biosensors. It is therefore likely that unique corona phases with enhanced affinities exist, which further advance the sensing capabilities of nanosensors. Another possibility is to immobilize the nanosensors directly on the ELISA substrate. Recent advances in SWCNT coating showed that long-term stable sterile coatings are possible. Therefore, there are many opportunities to optimize these systems and integrate it into existing standard ELISAs and significantly increase their performance.