Two-step production techniques (or two-step techniques for short) were the first method developed to produce lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles. In this technique, the polymeric core and phospholipid vesicles are produced in two independent steps, which gave the process its name. In principle, there is a third and final step in which these two components react in solution to form lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles. Thus, the entire process consists of three steps and not two as the name suggests (Figure ).