The electrode manufacturing process widely followed by LIB cell manufacturers is a wet process, i.e. it requires the use of solvents. It can be decomposed overall in 3 stages (Figure ), one following each other: slurry preparation through mixing (from the suspension of the AM, carbon additive and binder in the solvent) following a pre-mixing step, slurry coating (on a current collector) and drying, and calendering of the dried electrode. Each stage has a substantial impact on the electrode microstructure features. Consequently, understanding the influence of each parameter at each manufacturing stage on the electrode architecture is crucial for optimizing the performance of LIB cells. The slurry stage, as the initial stage of the LIB manufacturing process, has an impact on the electrode coating microstructure, as well as the distribution of the binder and conductive additive, affecting its electronic and ionic resistances. During the drying stage, electrode layer properties such as microstructure heterogeneities within the electrode are highly dependent upon the solvent evaporation rate. Furthermore, it was noted that the drying parameters are a significant factor in determining the electrode electrochemical properties. About the calendering stage, it is used to reduce the microstructure porosity by utilizing a two-roll compactor reducing electrode thickness, compressing it to reach a target density. This procedure alters several electrode properties, such as thickness, porosity, tortuosity factor and adhesion of the electrode to the current collector. The calendering parameters, such as compression degree (CD), defined as the percentage of reduction in thickness with respect to the dried electrode, the temperature, the line load and the rolls speed have a significant impact on the electrode transport properties and wettability by the electrolyte. (a) microstructure prediction during the calendering process. The approach allows to obtain a timeseries of the electrode microstructure evolution during its calendering, and allows to predict the final relaxiaton of it, all this as a function of the desired CD, which is used as an input of the model and in the real calendering process. Four phases are defined in the model: pores, CBD, AM, and void (region on top of the electrode). In the figure, h and h cal refer to the uncalendered and calendered electrode thicknesses respectively.