Analysis. Targeted analysis of PFAS was conducted on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC, Thermo Vanquish) coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (QQQ MS/MS, Thermo Altis). The analytical method includes 30 PFAS. Details of instrument setup were described in our previous publication. Nontargeted analysis of PFAS transformation products was performed on high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC/Q-ToF-MS, SCIEX). The instrument setup was described in Text S2.