where f(R) is a function of surface roughness and f(R) ≈ 50 for flat, smooth surfaces as given by Derby. Extending this effect to gas bubbles, we consider the impact of formed bubbles onto each other and nearby surfaces. If the turbulence is too large, bubbles and foams may possibly destabilize and eventually destroy any foams previously formed. Also, the bubbles must not impact nearby surfaces with such force that they destroy themselves and any existing bubbles. We propose to use the same Equation ( ) for this splashing along with f(R) = 50. To characterize the liquid drop formation and its stability, a map can be constructed in the parameter space with coordinates Re and Oh, using Equations ( ), (6), and ( ). This map is shown in Figure , which shows different regions of the liquid drop behavior. The map has been validated for a large range of fluid properties and offers a useful guide for liquid properties selection. In this work, we propose that for gas bubble formation and its stability leading to foaming, a similar map can be defined using Equations ( ), (6), and (7). We refer to this map as the foaming prediction map, and it is shown in Figure , along with the analogies between the properties of liquid drops and gas bubbles for various regions.