We then developed a harmonized techno-economic analysis (TEA) framework supporting a techno-economic comparison of DAC technologies as: (i) the most well-known obstacle to de-risk and enable large-scale implementation of DAC is the current high cost, (ii) current cost drivers can pinpoint technology obstacles and areas for technology improvement, thus priority initiatives, and (iii) cost comparison of technologies on a like-for-like basis was challenging when based on the available data. The harmonization allows for the comparison of different DAC processes from different data sources. The harmonized TEA framework uses identical assumptions, system boundary definitions, and assessment procedure to deal with different TRLs. As a result, we derived our own first-of-a-kind (FOAK) plant cost values (using inputs from the publicly available data) (see Section 4), which differ from those in the original sources, but are comparable among each others.