(monomer) 𝑥+1 , which is assumed to be equally independent of the value of 𝑥. PNCs are highly dynamic, evolving their structure and topology over very short timescales (typically picoseconds). The nucleation step in the PNC pathway involves changes to the order and dynamics of monomers within PNC assemblies that renders them a new thermodynamic phase and gives rise to an interface with the solution. This rate-determining step typically produces a dense liquid phase which contains a large amount of solvent. Subsequent transformations of this liquid are necessary to produce crystals, which may include the further dehydration of dense liquids to form amorphous solid-like phases.