Objects of higher spatial complexity are created by introducing an angular offset between locations where TFO staples cross over between scaffold folds. Such an offset is handily achieved due to the natural helicity of DNA. The local helical twist of tsDNA depends on base identity, but based on reported structural models we assumed that a triplex turn comprises on average 12 bt compared to 10.5 bp for one duplex turn (Fig. ). Consequently, angular offsets can be designed by tuning the length of either the TFO target domains or the dsDNA spacers in-between (or a combination thereof). We typically recommend the former because twelve is conveniently dividable, which often gives an integer number of bases for domains lengths. One tsDNA half-turn (6 bt) corresponds to a 180° helical rotation. An odd number of half-turns between perpendicularly alternating staple crossovers will therefore force the scaffold into a flat sheet-like arrangement (Figs. ). One third (4 bt) and one quarter (3 bt) of a triplex turn respectively correspond to 120° and 90° rotation. Staple crossovers separated by for example 20 bt or 15 bt will therefore organize the scaffold into a densely packed 3D lattice with honeycomb or square configuration, respectively (Figs. ).