All columns were equipped to guard columns with the same stationary phases as the main column. For Artificial Membrane Chromatography (IAM) and human serum albumin (HSA) affinity measurements, mobile phase A was a water solution of 50 mM ammonium acetate (VWR International, Leuven, Belgium) adjusted to physiological pH 7.4 with concentrated ammonia solution (Avantor Performance Materials Poland S.A., Gliwice, Poland). Chrom logD was determined in three pH solutions: 50 mM ammonium acetate water adjusted to pH 7.4 and 10.5 and acetic acid adjusted to 2.6. Ultrapure water used for mobile phase preparation was obtained from a Milli-Q water purification system (Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) to a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ.