SI Figure and SI Figure illustrate the confusion matrix and spectra for 4MBA and 1TBA. Both 1TBA and 4MBA successfully distinguished the existence of glycosidic linkages. However, when it came to distinguishing the two different linkages, 4MBA outperformed 1TBA. The difference may be attributed to the poor performance of 1TBA in lactose identification shown in the previous study . When we analyzed the collective spectra, which incorporated the spectral data from both 4MBA and 1TBA, the accuracy was improved. SI Figure and SI Figure showcase the confusion matrix and spectra for 3MBA, 4ABA, and PyriBA, while SI Figure and SI Figure present the confusion matrix and spectra for the new BAs, including PyreBA, HBACM, and BBA. Notably, PyreBA did not exhibit strong classification performance. Conversely, both HBACM and BBA delivered satisfactory results compared to the other tested BAs. Of particular interest, 3MBA, 4ABA, and BBA achieved a remarkable 100% accuracy. Finally, Figure shows the confusion matrix for the collective spectra of 8 boronic acids for sialic acid linkage identification, which resulted in 100% accuracy as well. This discovery demonstrated that the detection performance of the specific glycan structures can be improved by selecting appropriate BA receptors, as well as the potential of using up to 8 boronic acids as an array for glycan profiling.