The peptidoglycan layer in Gram-positive bacteria presents relatively large pores, which allow peptides and small organic molecules to access the outer side of the cell membrane with relative ease . This peptidoglycan forms a protective shell around the Gram-positive cell, with a thickness ranging between 30 nm and 100 nm . In general, Gram-positive bacteria possess a thicker peptidoglycan cell wall compared to the thinner peptidoglycan layer of Gram-negative bacteria within their periplasm . The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is rich in charged and polar molecules and may be modified by wall teichoic acids (WTAs) or serve as a scaffold for non-covalent interaction of proteins. Both functions contribute to certain antibiotic resistance mechanisms by altering the physicochemical and structural properties of the wall, thus enhancing its ability to trap molecules . The primary role of the peptidoglycan layer is to sustain the osmotic pressure and turgor of the cell [216], maintaining cell structure. However, it has limited capacity to impede the penetration of xenobiotics, a role primarily carried out by the cell membrane .