where 𝑁(𝜏) is the number of clusters identified from a dendrogram at a specified dissimilarity level 𝜏, and 𝑛 is the number of objects in the set. If the clustering results have a low measurement diversity (𝑁 ≪ 𝑛), it will be difficult to accurately identify individual objects. As measurement diversity increases (𝑁 → 𝑛), individual objects are easier discriminate.