-c shows bright-field images at 0 min and 15 min of vibration. The conditions of the circular vibrations were: f = 500 Hz and A = 5.2 µm. We used an amplitude value that was larger than that in the previous experiment because the magnetic beads were heavier, and therefore, it was more difficult to move along the flow compared to polystyrene beads. Before applying the vibrations (0 min), the magnetic capture beads were dispersed in the observed field of view, whereas after 15 min of vibration, many aggregates were observed (Figure , lower panels). As control experiments, we performed experiments without VIF and EVs (Figure ). The trend of the results was similar to those of the experiments conducted with the avidin-biotin capturing model system; the aggregate of the affinity magnetic capture beads were not formed in the case without VIF, and the aggregate size of the magnetic capture beads was small in the case of without EVs (actual stirring of the affinity magnetic capture beads and EVs with VIF are shown in Movie S2, Supporting Information). Furthermore, in the case of bulk vortex mixing in a test tube at 500 rpm instead of VIF, aggregates were not formed even after 1 h of mixing (see Figure , Supporting Information). These results suggest that even in the case of EVs, the local flow in the VIF effectively induced capturebead aggregation only when there was an affinity between the target EVs and the capture beads. Figure shows the time variation in the average area of the magnetic capture-bead aggregates. When vibrations were applied to the substrate on which the sample containing EVs and beads was placed, the average area of the aggregates increased with time in all cases (EV conc. = 6.4 × 10 9 /mL, 1.28 × 10 9 /mL, 6.4 × 10 8 /mL, and 6.4 × 10 7 /mL). Microscopic images and beeswarm plots of the area of the capture-bead aggregates after 15 min at each EV concentration are shown in Figure and S13, Supporting Information. The aggregate size did not increase much in the control experiments without NPs (gray line) and without VIF (black line), confirming that aggregation was induced by EV adsorption. Similar to the case with avidin-biotin beads, the average area of capture-bead aggregates after 15 min of VIF increased with increasing EV concentration (Figure ). We obtained a significantly higher EV concentration of 6.4 × 10 7 /mL over the negative control, indicating that the presence of EVs at this concentration could be detected.