Adequate, clean and safe water supply is indispensable to healthy wellbeing of humans and living organisms. Unfortunately, our surface and ground waters continue being polluted by industrial waste streams containing toxic and persistent chemicals including perfluorinated compounds (PFCs). PFCs have recently received much attention because they are ubiquitous contaminants in water, wildlife, and humans. The most commonly found PFCs in surface waters are perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Surprisingly, thus far, there is no mutually agreed international drinking water standard for PFOA and PFOS, but the United States Environmental Protection Agency have recommended a strict combined concentration limit of 70 ng/L. Recent analysis of global water samples even revealed concentrations exceeding the provisional threshold. Although most fluorochemical manufacturers have ceased their production of PFOA and PFOS in the early 2000s, this measure does not address the legacy pollution caused by these compounds.