Electrodialysis experiments were performed at 25 o C using a 2-compartment H-cell setup with 45 mL compartments and a membrane connecting port of 1.5 cm 2 (MFHXDJC-30, Laborxing). A platinum mesh (PWFZDJ-10x10, Laborxing) and an iridium oxide grid of 1 cm 2 were used as counter and working electrodes, respectively, with an Ag/AgCl electrode serving as a reference for the working electrode. 3 M Li2SO4solution was employed as synthetic leachate in the anode compartment with 0.5 M LiOH as the receiving solution for LiOH production in the cathode compartment, as represented in Figure .