In 2008, introduced theoretical models to study the suitability of different designs for microfluidic blood oxygenators with various heights and geometries 209 . They implemented two small-scale prototypes; one of the designs featured an array of 15 μm-tall, rectangular blood channels, and a 130 μm-thick PDMS gas exchange membrane and was successfully tested on porcine blood. They predicted that a scaleup version able to oxygenate a blood flow of 4 L min-1 could have a priming volume as small as 13 ml and a total volume of 252 cm 3 not including manifolds 204 .