In addition to establishing and sustaining anaerobic conditions, the application of the AOxbased O2 removal system in biosensing requires that neither its components nor the byproducts of the O2 reduction reaction interfere with the electron transfer chain driving the catalytic reaction for analyte detection. Such interferences may originate from (i) the reaction between the analyte of the biosensor (e.g. glucose, lactate or creatinine) and AOx, (ii) the reaction between AOx and the electron mediators, or (iii) the reaction involving the oxidation products of the reducing agent (e.g. aldehydes, formate).