We conducted this test over 5000 random sample permutations. After feature generation and selection, we applied one-hot encoding for categorical features and min-max scaling for continuous features. Additionally, to incorporate information about the chloride binding sites, we applied one-hot encoding for the presence (1) or absence (0) of specific binding motifs, including thiourea, urea, squaramide, indole, tambjamine, carbazole, acridinone, perenosin, 1,3-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyrimidine, and isophthalamides or dipicolineamides. Additionally, we included the key following experimental conditions as features: chloride concentration inside the vesicle (in mM) and the time taken from adding the transporter to lysing the vesicles (in seconds), resulting in a total of 365 features.