The Raman spectrum in Figure indicates formation of a graphene-like structure . The G (~1580 cm -1 ) and D (~1340 cm -1 ) bands are two peaks observed in the Raman spectrum of such structures. The G band arises from in-plane vibrations of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms in the crystal lattice, while the D band arises from out of plane vibrations in the lattice that are activated by structural defects such as vacancies, edges, and grain boundaries, and is used to study levels of structural disorder. Here, a relatively high ID/IG ratio (~1.15) is observed, which suggests increased disorder and defect density and indicating formation of a less pristine lattice . This indication is essentially of very short-term order that can be categorized as almost amorphous scattered domains of sp 2 hybridized "honeycomb" fragments . Moreover, partial oxidation under an ambient atmosphere may contribute to the high ID/IG ratio . The displayed spectrum, indicating the formation of sp 2 hybridized carbon domains that are highly disordered and doped, are consistent with the erratic localized high temperatures and pressures resulting from rapid laser writing under ambient conditions. The increase in conductive sp hybridized carbons is also evident from conductivity measurements that will be further discussed.