To illustrate the efficacy of μCP in each step, we utilized bovine serum albumin-fluorescein isothiocyanate (BSA-FITC) as the desired biomolecule in our bioink and measured the fluorescence signal of the patterns and background (noise) after printing. The results were indicated as SNRs for comparing different conditions. When comparing short and long incubation times after adding the bioink droplets onto the stamps, 2min droplet incubation showed significantly higher SNR value compared to a longer incubation of 30min. Thus, 2min was sufficient for bioink absorption (Figure ).