Stem cell isolation was executed with precision to ensure consistency and purity across cellular populations, a crucial factor for deriving high-quality exosomes. Three distinct stem cell types were selected for this study: MSCs, NSCs, and iPSCs, each offering unique advantages in exosome production due to their differentiation capacity, secretion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) were harvested from bone marrow aspirates obtained from healthy donors under ethical protocols with informed consent. Bone marrow aspirates underwent centrifugation at 800 × g for 10 minutes, followed by isolation of the mononuclear cell fraction. Cells were cultured in α-MEM with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 1% L-glutamine. MSCs were characterized by adherence to plastic surfaces, fibroblast-like morphology, and the expression of surface markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, while lacking hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45. The cells were expanded to passage three before being used for exosome production.