Clinical research includes both interventional and observational studies that utilise volunteers to assess the efficacy and safety of novel drugs, treatments, or medical devices ( ). The design of clinical trials is a crucial element in interventional studies, as it enables a thorough evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of therapies ( ). Clini-calTrials.gov houses more than 400,000 records of clinical studies conducted in 220 countries. The sponsor or primary investigator of the clinical research is responsible for registering the studies on the website. In 2022, 14.5% of interventional trials listed in the clinicaltrials.gov registry ended prematurely ( ).