The MD simulations further provide a detailed mechanistic view to relate moisture content to diffusive processes within plant secondary cell walls. One of the strongest conclusions is that the moisture-induced glass transition between at between 10 -15 wt% water is a natural extension of existing trends in hydration space, where additional water facilitates polymer separation and ion solvation. Such quantitative and qualitative evaluation of molecular diffusion provides evidence towards the atomistic origins of cell wall being a barrier to diffusive transport, both for small and large diffusants, such as mineral ions and enzymes respectively. Hence strategies are being developed to engineer the cell wall microenvironment to ameliorate diffusion process, with an aim to create durable and sustainable plant-based biomaterials, to build a circular bioeconomy .