In equation 2, n is the refractive index of the solvent, c is the speed of light, N A is Avogadro's number, and 𝑣 is the emission frequency in wavenumbers. 〈𝜐 〉 was estimated by the cube of the emission maximum of each nucleoside, 345 and 330 nm for 5mCyd and Cyd, respectively, in units of wavenumber. Lastly, fluorescence lifetime was estimated by multiplying the Strickler Berg radiative lifetime, 𝜏 , by the experimentally obtained fluorescence quantum yield.