Such an observation is related to the RDS for ORR on Au(100) in this potential region. In alkaline solution, the 4e -ORR process involves four essential steps: O2 The barrier for O-O* bond dissociation does not change significantly at elevated electrode potential according to our MTD simulations with positive charges added to the slab. The calculated barrier remains around 0.5 eV, as listed in Table , although more structural distortions are observed for the surface Au atoms, in line with previous experimental studies. These results