Another significant area of opportunity lies with Singapore's neighbours, Malaysia and Indonesia, which have large agricultural activities and an abundance of lignocellulosic waste from these. Notably, both countries together account for 85% of global production for crude palm oil, which originates from the oil palm crop. 61 More than 80% of the oil palm is disposed as biowaste, making it a promising source. 62 Due to the close proximity and large availabilities, research efforts aiming to valorize oil palm biowaste have also gained traction in Singapore.