Anemia has been recognized as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in cancer patients . The S.alata treated rats exhibited significant improvement in most of the hematological parameters and red blood cells indices compared to carcinogen exposed rats. The data showed that the carcinogen caused a significant decrease in RBC, Hgb, PCV, and PLT counts as compared to control group, and a significant increase in WBC. S. alata extract alleviated the adverse effects on WBC, RBC, and PLT counts caused by N-Nitroso-N-ethyl urea. Anemia can develop as a consequence of malnutrition and malabsorption (leading to iron and other nutritional deficiency, e.g., folates or vitamin B12), acute and/or chronic bleeding, systemic inflammation, metastatic infiltration of bone marrow, and therapyrelated myelosuppression .