PbS quantum dots were fabricated using a modified Hines hot-injection technique. To a two-neck 100 mL round bottom, 0.669 g of PbO, 30 mL of 1-octadecene, and 2 mL of oleic acid were added. The flask was heated under vacuum to degas and synthesize lead oleate (temperature was increased to 120 °C slowly at 10 °C every 10 minutes). The reaction flask was degassed at 120 °C for at least 4 hours resulting in a clear solution.