The overall production costs for various types of plastics are investigated under different levels of carbon prices, see Figure . The overall production cost includes the purchasing and processing cost from the feedstocks and technology (direct cost) as well as the cost associated with GHG emissions under the scenarios where carbon pricing is implemented. Among all the plastics analyzed, we notice that N66 exhibits the highest sensitivity to the level of carbon price, with its unit production cost potentially increasing by up to 3.5 times from $3,885 to $13,807 per tonne. The significant increase can be attributed to the high GHG emissions from the production process (13.1 kg of CO 2 eq per kg of N66). On the other hand, we observe the decreased unit production costs for both the polypropylene and polystyrene as the carbon price becomes higher. This can be explained by the sequestered carbon in the plastics from switching the feedstock to biomass. The production facilities can thus receive carbon credit for the decreased GHG emissions. The total GHG emissions in each plastic category are studied in Figure . As the carbon price is raised to $45 per tonne of CO 2 eq, the polystyrene can be turned into a carbon sink by using corn stover as feedstock, and the total GHG emissions of the polystyrene industry will be -16.6 million tonnes CO 2 eq per year. As the carbon prices continues to rise to $105 per tonne of CO 2 eq, the production of PET can be made almost carbon neutral with total GHG emissions of 1.6 million tonnes CO 2 eq per year. Further increase of carbon price to $450 per tonne of CO 2 eq will cause 26.3% of propylene production from petroleum naphtha to sugar cane, leading to the net negative GHG emissions (-73.7 million tonnes CO 2 eq per year) for polypropylene production. Overall, the imposed carbon price can incentivize the plastic industry to adopt a bio-based production pathway, reducing the total GHG emissions of the system.