Regarding power density, as for most organic compounds, low electronic conductivity is the main problem in achieving high rate capabilities. To overcome this issue, some strategies at the molecular design level can help to construct π-conjugated frameworks incorporating heteroatoms to improve the in-plane and out-of-plane electron transport. However, the intrinsic conductivities of COFs remain relatively low and large amounts of conductive additives are still required, reducing the energy density of the battery. At the same time, ionic conductivity needs to be optimised, for example, by modulating the porosity to facilitate ion diffusion. Therefore, a proper balance between the two conductivities is critical to maximise the rate performance. In addition, in-situ/ex-situ techniques combined with molecular dynamic simulations can provide important insights into the ion transport and charge storage mechanisms in COFs.