The growing demand for batteries, due to the widespread use of portable electronics and electric transportation, has led to extensive research efforts to develop more efficient, low-cost, and sustainable energy storage technologies. Since their inception in the early 1990s, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have dominated the market for portable electronics, primarily due to their higher energy density compared to other battery types. As a result, they are persistently being explored and further developed as power sources for electric vehicles and grid energy storage. Over the past two decades, several insertion-based cathode materials such as LiCoO2, LiMn2O4, and LiFePO4 have been developed, and are commonly used in modern Li-ion batteries. However, in order to meet the energy requirements for all-electric vehicles (EVs) and grid energy storage, there is an urgent need to develop alternative cathode materials which can offer a significant increase in energy density and capacity, while also reducing costs and environmental detrimental footprints of current cathode materials. Sulfur, which is the 5 th most abundant element on Earth, has gained special attention as a promising cathode material owing to its theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mA h g -1 , which is the highest among solid elements, and around tenfold the capacity traditional cathodes offer. In addition to the high specific capacity of sulfur, transitioning from traditional insertion cathodes to sulfur-based counterparts offers several additional benefits, namely, low operating voltage of 2.15 V vs Li/Li + , which enhances overall safety of the cell, along with a great difference in price and environmental impact between sulfur and costly toxic transition metals such as cobalt, nickel and manganese. The aforementioned increase in capacity over conventional insertion compound cathodes can enable the assembly of Lithium-Sulfur batteries (LSBs) with a high energy density of 400-600 Wh kg , which is two to three times greater than that of current Li-ion batteries, and can potentially achieve the coveted target range of 500 km between charges for EVs. The low cost and high energy density also make sulfur cathodes appealing for grid energy storage for renewable energies such as solar and wind, provided that high system efficiency and long cycle life can be achieved.