For instance, at the nominal spring constant of 1.5 N/m of our tips, the maximum gap size is reduced by 20 nm when the FS is increased by 30 nN, a value that may represent a large fraction of the oscillation amplitude (see supplementary file SI-3). The influence of the tip dynamics on the local growth is presented by plotting the average maximum height of a line deposited along a 1000 nm-long path as a function of current (Fig. ), as we do not observe a consistent trend in the width of the deposit as a function of the oscillation parameters or the current (supplementary file SI-4). Here, the paths are followed at either 10 or 30 nN, corresponding to dashed and thick lines, respectively, and with three different oscillation amplitudes (15, 50 and 300 nm). The corresponding average gap size and contact time is listed in the table of Fig. . Similar to Fig. , local growth is favored within a limited electrochemical window, leading to an optimal drive condition. Surprisingly, the optimal drive strongly depends on the AFM operation parameters. At large oscillation amplitudes, where the tip is floating above the substrate most of the time, little deposition is seen regardless of force. This reinforces the notion that the process is not primarily driven by surface depassivation from simple mechanical tip-sample interaction. We find that the share of time spent in contact with the sample appears to be a key parameter for determining the optimal driving condition for local growth. This is particularly evident at 15 nm amplitude, where heightcurrent behavior for the two forces is quite different. Rather, the data at 10 nN resembles that of 30 nN with a similar contact time (i.e. amplitude of 50 nm).