Ghasemi et al. reported a ternary composite of PN with ZnFe2O4 and graphene oxide (PN/ZnFe2O4/GO) as hybrid electrode material synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization. A specific capacitance of 594 F g -1 was achieved with an energy density of 45.2 Wh kg -1 , a power density of 302.7 W kg -1 , and 82% capacitance retention after 1500 cycles . Similarly, another ternary composite of PN with ZnFe2O4 and reduced graphene oxide (PN/ZnFe2O4/rGO) using a chemical oxidative polymerization method achieved a specific capacitance of 1,419 F g -1 by 93% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles . Integrating these metal oxides enhances the energy storage capabilities of polyanilines. Nevertheless, variations in specific capacitance, even with identical material synthesis and composition, underscore the incomplete understanding of the relationships between structure and performance.