There are two categories of catalysts used for ORR: noble-metal catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts, and the most known noble-metal catalysts used in this reaction are platinum catalysts and non-noble metal catalysts, such as carbon-based catalysts. A cathode catalyst is necessary to enhance the slow kinetics of ORRs in fuel cells . The catalyst stabilizes reaction intermediates, enabling smoother intermediate steps and faster reactions by reducing electron congestion. Furthermore, as the oxygen molecules enter the fuel cell's cathode, they will be absorbed by the catalyst surface, known as the electrochemical surface area (ESA). The ESA of the catalyst represents the number of sites on the catalyst where oxygen molecules are absorbed and combined to lower the energy barrier for the reaction; therefore, ESA is critical to initiate the ORR of the fuel cell. On ESA, materials like platinum will provide a lower-energy pathway that lowers the energy barrier of the oxygen bond and allows the breaking of the O-O bond in the oxygen molecule, making the ORR reaction more efficient (X. . Hence, implementing a catalyst will lower the overpotential of the reaction, enabling faster kinetics and enhancing the conversion performance between hydrogen and electricity.