accurate score. Further, more recent, examples include FragExplorer, which aims to grow or replace fragments to optimise molecular interaction fields generated by the GRID software, DeepFrag, which predicts appropriate fragment additions using a deep convolutional neural network trained on thousands of known protein-ligand complexes, and DEVELOP, which uses deep generative models to output 3D molecules conditional on provided phamacophoric features of the binding site. However, the employed approximate physics-or knowledgebased approaches to scoring the designs will limit to some extent their ability to predict and optimise binding affinity.