Three different qualitative assessment methods were used to yield colour in this experiment: i) universal indicator (ACP Chemicals Inc., Product #: U0165), 10 ii) pH papers (Precision Laboratories, VWR Catalog #: 60775-000), and iii) pH strips (ColorpHast ® pH Strips, Item #: 1.9535.0007). Of these three, the strips change to multiple colours, whereas the universal indicator and papers only change to one colour. The authors were presented with five unknown solutions: a strong acid, a weak acid, a neutral species, a weak base, and a strong base. They were then asked to discern which is which using the three methods outlined above.