follows: E + S ⇠ES⇔ES # ⇢EP⇢E+P. The forward and backward reactions beginning with ES # are two-step processes. Either of them can be faster than the other. When the ES dissociates into free E and S, a turnover process does not occur, even if it is a part of the catalytic cycle, with the potential that the free enzyme might locate either a substrate fragment or a full-length substrate polymer.