To further illustrate the effect of program provisions on fuel characterization and valuation, the policy-induced price differential was calculated by multiplying the policy-induced CI differential by the policy-specific credit selling price and adjusting units using the lower heating value (in MJ×kg -1 ) and density (in kg×L -1 ) of SAF (Equation ). A negative price differential indicates that policy provisions contribute to an undervaluation of a fuel, and vice versa.