Cyanine dyes are named for a systematic dyes family with the structures of heterocyclic moieties linked by a polymethine chain. The history of Cyanine dyes using in industry can be dated back to a hundred years ago, from sensitizing dye in the early days to fluorescent imaging and biomedical labelling lately. Nowadays, the systematic series of Cyanine dyes have been developed with more than 20,000 dyes, and depending on the length of the polymethine chain, their electromagnetic spectrum can cover from near IR to UV.