The loading of ZIF-8 can reach 70 wt.%. The printed materials can be used as adsorbent and catalyst for water treatment via adsorption and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants. They can be also adsorbed heavy transition metals with high adsorption capacities. They were also applied as filter for CO2 adsorption . Gene delivery of oligonucleotides like siRNA was also accomplished using cellulose-based materials . You may think of them as non-viral vectors . To deliver pDNA, CNCs were modified with poly(2-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (PDMAEMA) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) (Figure ). The disulfide (SS) bond is formed during the polymerization process to produce CNC-SS-PDs (Figure ) . (Figure ) . The For medication delivery, cellulose-based materials provide many benefits . They can be utilized to release medicines that are hydrophobic, ionizable, water-soluble, and insoluble . They make it possible to give two medications simultaneously .