Focusing now on non-covalent complexes (Phos-C50, Phos-C60, and Phos-C70), the stabilizing part of the adsorption energy mainly arises from permanent Coulombic electrostatic and dispersion driving forces (EELEC+EDISP, up to 90%, Fig. ). In this regard, the minimization of dispersion and electrostatic interactions also plays a key role in forming organic molecular crystals, phthalocyanine self-assemblies, and DNA nucleobase patterns onto phosphorene-based substrates, standing for 85% of the stability . It can be pointed out although phosphorene is not a -electron system, it behaves with a similar attractive ability than graphene or carbon nanotubes to bind aromatic molecules, where fullerenes adsorb by - stacking . In this regard, the 3D g inter isosurface representation of weak intermolecular interactions is visually displayed for Phos-C60 complex as a representative case and compared against Graphene-C60 (Fig. ).