The importance of photocatalysts in the context of clean energy and environmental sustainability cannot be overstated. As the demand for renewable energy sources rises, hydrogen, produced via water splitting through photocatalysis, is increasingly recognized as a clean fuel that can replace fossil fuels. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution offers a sustainable approach to hydrogen production, utilizing abundant resources such as sunlight and water, while generating no harmful emissions . Photocatalysts, therefore, hold the potential to revolutionize the energy sector by providing a method for efficient and environmentally friendly hydrogen production. Moreover, photocatalysts are also critical in addressing pressing environmental challenges, including the degradation of pollutants, CO2 reduction, and wastewater treatment, further cementing their importance in future technologies.