In addition, a large excess of NaCl was added as a dispersant. Antimony doping was achieved by substituting 5 mol. % of SnCl2 for SbCl3 while fluorine doping was carried out with the addition of a 1:1 ratio of NH4F to metal ions. The mass of NaCl was chosen such that the total volume fraction of SnO after the reaction will be ~3 vol. %. All precursors were ball milled for