tether density (where D is the inter-tether distance). (Fig. ) Assuring a stable Rf/D ratio requires varying the tether surface coverage for the different tether lengths, viz. from 0.3 to 1.45 molecules/nm 2 for Rf/D ≅ 0.53 and from 0.77 to 3.9 molecules/nm 2 for Rf/D ≅ 1.4 (Fig. ). These two Rf/D ratios represent the density regimes that would result in mushroom-like (Rf/D ≅ 0.53) or brush-like (Rf/D ≅ 1.4) conformation, and thus carry potential to influence the adsorption density of NAv. Therefore, the tether length dependence of NAv adsorption was investigated by following NAv/BPT ratios, for both the brush and mushroom conformations, to factor in the impact of the receptor densities and the tether conformations.