In SAMPL9, methods used to compute BFEs varied, and included both alchemical and physical approaches with general small molecule fixed charged force fields (OpenFF (OpenFF1.2.0 or OpenFF2.0.0), GAFF or GAFF2, CGenFF, and GROMOS), explicit water models (TIP3P, TIP4P-EW, SPC, or OPC3) and with AM1-BCC or RESP charging schemes. In one case, the CGenFF atom parameterization was carried out via the ParamChem server. For this challenge there were some methods that deployed newer approaches. For example, a method used a newly de-veloped ABCG2 (AM1-BCC-GAFF2) method. Another method (Alchemical Transfer Method (ATM) ) utilized an in house development at Roivant Discovery, a force field parameter engine termed here as FFEngine. Although fixed charge force fields were common, one approach used a standard double decoupling method (DDM) with the polarizable atomic multiplole AMOEBA force field. Another set of predictions submitted in this challenge was with a method based on docking, using the smina code for docking and () the vinardo scoring function for scoring. A different method utilized available and published binding measurements of complexes to perform machine-learning based predictions. For a more detailed description of each method please see submission text files in the SAMPL9 GitHub repository ( host_guest/Analysis/Submissions/) or see Table for available literature.