In May of 2024, Okamura, K., et al. presented a new mechanistic model based on dissolved oxygen and glutamine metabolism of a novel Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell line to more fully understand operating condition variations. The authors developed expressions for specific rates of "lactate production, glutamine consumption, and mAb production" for stirred and shaken-tank reactors. The main finding was that lactate consumption was higher in conditions with higher DO and low glutamine concentrations . Paper 04: 76 words, Time: 7 minutes 28.