Using data from the CAS Content Collection™, the largest collection of published scientific information, we analyzed the academic and patent literature from 2001-2021 to understand the general progress of each field as well as the classes of materials and concepts driving their innovation. We used CAS content as an expert-curated resource to analyze publication volumes over time, country or region, and research topic, and the substances included in published research. We hope that an analysis of the journal and patent literature on these topics will assist researchers in relevant industries to discover and implement ways to supplement conventional fertilizers and nutrient sources while improving the efficiency and sustainability of waste management and ammonia production.