Here, ρ denotes the liquid density, F the Faraday constant, ψ the dose rate in Gy•s -1 , Gi the generation value (g-value) of species i, and kj, km the kinetic constant of the reaction j or m. In a homogeneously irradiated liquid volume, a quasi-closed system can emerge where diffusion of chemical species towards non-irradiated volumes is negligible. In the past, radiolysis simulations have been achieved by manually creating the set of ordinary differential equations to solve equation ( ). This is a cumbersome and highly complicated process, prone to errors which are hard to detect. Consequently, extensions of the reaction set comprising pure water are sparse and mostly limited to comparatively few additional reactions.