QMA light SepPak cartridge were used as received. MCX SepPak cartridges were conditioned using PBS (10 mL) and water (20 mL) followed by air (10 mL). Alumina light SepPak cartridge were conditioned using water (10 mL) followed by air (10 mL). Hypercarb cartridges were conditioned using PBS (10 mL) and water (20 mL) followed by air (10 mL). The required consumables and reagents are described in Table . Addition of tubing and other consumables was conducted in advance, whist reagent vials were prepared on the day of synthesis. Reagents were contained in crimp seal glass vials and loaded onto the cassette prior to synthesis.