The overall results point to the validity of using surface tension as a replacement for heat of vaporization in force field development. Both water models correctly reproduce the temperature of maximum density, which in particular is notable for the three-point model, TIP3P-ST, because models of this functional form have had difficulty in accurately reproducing the density anomaly at ambient pressures. Whereas TIP4P-ST can accurately reproduce a broader range of kinetic and structural properties, consistent with more recent well-optimized 4-point rigid models, the TIP3P-ST generalizes more poorly to the validation set by producing somewhat over-structured radial distribution functions and lower diffusion coefficients. This indicates that rigid 3-point models need to make a compromise between accurate depictions of cohesion vs. structural and kinetic properties due to their limited functional form. We additionally found that the dielectric constant could be independently adjusted without impacting the quality of fit of other training parameters, leading to differences in the molecular geometry and mixed impacts on the validation properties.