Preparation of Gx-DiMan/OH Conjugates. G5-DiMans were prepared by mixing G5 and LA-EG4-DiMan ligand via self-assembly in an aqueous solution. Commercially G5s (6 mL, 91 nM) suspended in citrate solution were concentrated to 250 μL using a 30 K MWCO spin column and washed with H2O (3 × 250 μL) to remove any unbound impurities. The resulting concentrated G5 solution was then directly mixed with LA-EG4-DiMan ligand at a G5: ligand molar ratio of 1: 1 000. The resulting mixture was left stirring at RT in darkness overnight to form G5-DiMan conjugates. After that, the mixture was transferred to a 30 K MWCO centrifugal filter and centrifuged at 4 000 rpm for 20 mins, and the G5-DiMan residues was washed with H2O (3 × 250 μL) to remove any unbound free ligands, and then dispersed in pure water to make the G5-DiMan stock. Its concentration was determined by the Beer-Lambert law from the plasmon peak absorbance at ∼515 nm and molar extinction coefficient of 1.10 × 10 7 M -1 cm -1 for G5 (see SI, Fig. for Dh histogram and UV-vis spectrum).