Cryo-EM image analysis reveals that in negatively charged organic NRs incubated with CODH enzyme system, the enzyme units are located all over the measuring surface (Fig. , S7a) but not within close proximity to the POZ-M(-) NRs. Nevertheless, as seen from Fig. , and S7b enzyme units are resting on the surface of positively charged POZ-M(+) NRs, in some cases covering the whole surface of NRs. From the relative dimensions of POZ-M(+) NRs and CODH enzyme (50Åˣ88Åˣ52Å, determined from the crystal structure with PDB ID: 1SU6), we estimated that around 10-20 CODH units might bind to the surface of each organic NRs. The close association between NRs and enzyme is expected to have a positive impact on overall system performance.