Recent advancements in CO₂-based biodegradable polymers have shown promising potential to address two major global challenges: plastic pollution and the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO₂. From the development of efficient catalysts for CO₂ activation to the exploration of novel polymerization techniques, researchers have made significant progress in enhancing the sustainability and functionality of CO₂-derived plastics. Catalytic systems, including metal-based and organic catalysts, have demonstrated considerable improvements in CO₂ fixation and polymerization, leading to the production of polymers with a wide range of desirable properties. Moreover, research into biodegradability has revealed that CO₂-based polymers can degrade under various environmental conditions, offering a viable solution to the growing issue of plastic waste in the environment. The commercial viability of these materials is gradually improving as ongoing efforts aim to reduce production costs through better catalysts, optimized processes, and the scaling of industrial applications [68]