NCATS have also published workflow diagrams (see 'A dynamic map for learning, communicating, navigating and improving therapeutic development' PMID 29269942). What they have termed Drug Discovery, Development and Deployment Maps (4DM) provide dynamic representations of the modern therapeutic development process (n.b. while NCATs has a mission-focus on rare diseases the 4DM concept is clearly generalisable). The maps can help those planning drug development to identify and explore solutions to their own bottlenecks as well point to where they need to establish collaborations to take a compound forward. A snapshot of the on-line interactive version is shown below Fig. and full-size diagrams for small molecules in Appendix I.