The application of recently developed highresolution X-ray and electron diffraction techniques to single-crystal cathode particles also revealed a more intricate and complex microscale misorientation framework than previously suggested. As was shown for certain nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) and LCO cathode that the microstructure of primary particles with seemingly perfect lattice structure can exhibit various degrees of tilt heterogeneities such as grain boundaries which cause the development of cracks in the particles. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the absence of domain boundaries in NMC cathode materials enhances the oxygen redox processes during prolonged cycles . The dynamics of mosaicity inside of single particles was suggested to be an important variable of the electrochemical mechanisms in LiFePO 4 (LFP) and Naion cathode . In both of these studies, an increase of the local tilt heterogeneities during charging was observed.