In a typical experiment, 1 g of HMF and 0.15 g of a catalyst were mixed in 30 ml of 1,4-dioxane and the reactor was pressurized with hydrogen to 50 bar and kept at the temperature of 220°C for 1 h under stirring. The autoclave was cooled down after the reaction time, and the leftover pressure was released. The reaction mixture was subsequently separated from the catalyst by centrifugation for 5 min at 3500 rpm. Afterwards, the products were analysed using an Agilent 7820A GC chromatograph with a flame ionization detector and a high polarity wax column Agilent J&W CP-Wax 52 CB.