Although a wide variety of different QSPR models and descriptors have been described in literature , there is a significant overlap in the general QSAR/QSPR modelling workflow. QSPRpred leverages this by providing a modular framework that comes with many out-of-the-box components while also providing clear interface definitions to facilitate comprehensive extensibility features (Figure ). The description of various aspects of this workflow will be the subject of the following subsections: Section 2.1 includes an extensive description of all the data preparation components that QSPRpred provides. Section 2.2 provides relevant details on model training and evaluation. In addition, QSPRpred also provides various visualization tools, which are described in section 2.2.6.