Gas phase ab initio and DFT computations may be considered the simplest of these three methods, as they do not account for solute-solvent interactions. It is well known that a polar solvent can induce a dipole moment in a nonpolar molecule, and it has been shown that polar molecules in a polar solvent may also see increases in dipoles. These gas phase computations may thus underestimate the dipole moment of solutes in polar solvents. Implicit solvation, another common technique for modeling solutes, is the method of using a continuum model to approximate the bulk effects of the solvent. This is often done by decoupling the polar and apolar interactions of the solvent. The polar contribution is approximated by the Poisson-Boltzmann equation, which is dependent on the dielectric constant of the solvent. This approximation greatly decreases the computational cost of these calculations relative to explicit solvation. Further, this approach may be better equipped to account for the long-range effects the solvent will have on the solute. Despite these benefits, there is an intrinsic limitation in most implicit models when examining charged or radical species or systems involved with strong hydrogen bonding. Thus, additional techniques are required to describe these more complex systems.