In the final section of this Account, our recent exploration using slower alternating polarity instead of millisecond-range rAP will be discussed. While the unique effects discussed thus far emerge with polarity alternation in 10-100 millisecond timescale, second/minute polarity alternation is known to be a useful technique for avoiding accumulation of undesired deposits on an electrode surface. However, even such slow alternating polarity could induce a similar effect to rAP, which was recently revealed during a part of our investigation of the rAP-Kolbe reaction (Figure ). As demostrated, the rAP-Kolbe reaction is a versatile and practical tool for converting primary carboxylic acids. When the optimized conditions were applied to a secondary carboxylic acid 59 instead, decarboxylative olefination took place to afford olefin 61 with the formation of small amount of Kolbe dimer 60 (Figure ). This is reasonable considering that C-C coupling is less favored due to the steric reason. Then, the carbon radical is overoxidized to carbocation (Hofer-Moest pathway), leading to the formation of olefin 60.