Where [θ]λ is the observed ellipticity at a given wavelength λ in mdeg, [θ]0 is the ellipticity observed for the buffer, Mw = molar weight of the peptide in g mol , n = number of residues; c = sample concentration (mg mL -1 ); l = pathlength of the cuvette in mm. Estimates of peptide % helicity were made using Equation 7 % helicity = )) (7) where MRE222 is the MRE value at 222 nm, MREcoil = 4 -45T (with T in °C) = 415 deg cm 2 dmol -1 res -1 at 5 °C, and n is the number of backbone amide bonds including the Nterminal acetyl.