Crystal embedding. First, C h is embedded as a graph with nodes, V = {v 0 , v 1 , ...}, corresponding to each atom and edges B = {b i j } corresponding to bonds that are defined between atoms i and j below a cutoff radius and up to a maximum number of nearest neighbors. CGCNN One-Hot encodes and concatenates a node's elemental solid properties, v v v e = One-Hot(Mendeleev number, atomic weight, melting temperature, covalent radius, electronegativity, ground state volume per atom, ground state band gap, ground state magnetic moment, and space group number) as the initial feature vector, v v v (0) i = v v v e . We additionally concatenate a One-Hot encoding of the site's oxidation state, as calculated in our DFT defect database, to increase model accuracy