where l is the pipeline length (m), F is TBM thrust (kN), T is TBM torque (kNm), and V is drilling speed (m/s). The uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) is set to 115 MPa as the value of the bedrock area and approximately the same value in deserts, etc. 44 N is rotation speed (rps), which was set to 0.0328 rps because the bedrock was assumed. The LCCO2 emissions from the boring energy were estimated assuming the usage of existing fossil fuel-based electricity.