The LFP chemistry has a higher TCO in the present-day scenario; however, it becomes cheaper in the long term compared to NMC. The lower energy density of LFP leads to a higher payload penalty factor and it is primarily responsible for the consistently higher operating cost. However, the difference in operating costs reduces over time as both battery chemistries have improvements in energy density. BETs using LFP batteries have lower capital costs compared to those using NMC, primarily due to the economic credit given for their secondary use after the truck's lifetime, e.g., in other trucks that travel shorter distances each day. However, the long-term fate of batteries is unclear; there is significant uncertainty regarding the value of second-hand batteries, which encourages further study.