Finally, the top three NFA/donor pairs from GA 4 are selected as target subcells for tandem OSC optimization. These new GAs 5, 6, and 7 start off with a target subcell, and the GA finds new acceptors and donors that optimize spectral absorption by maximizing absorption range while minimizing overlap with that target. The top 1,000 acceptors and 1,000 donors are used as the data set for these GAs (5-7), yielding a search space of a million combinations.