Another pressing issue with conventional PSCs is their toxicity. Most highly efficient PSCs contain lead (Pb), which poses significant environmental and health risks, creating a barrier to commercialization , , . Consequently, researchers are focusing on developing Pb-free PSCs to mitigate these concerns. Several non-toxic absorber materials have been investigated, leading to the development of diverse cell structures. Glass/ZnO:Al/TiO2/CH3NH3SnI3/CuI/Au structure achieving an efficiency of 24.82% , CuSCN/MASnI3/In2S3 structure achieving 18.45% , TCO/TiO2/MASnI3/Metal Back Contact shows 23.36% , FTO/PC61BM/FASnI3/PEDOT: PSS + WO3/Cu structure shows 23.69% , soda-lime glass (SLG)/FTO/ZnO-NR/Cs2AgBiBr6/CuI/copper(Cu) structure shows 5.44% ,FTO/TiO2/CsGeI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag structure shows 18.30% and FTO/TiO2/FASnI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au structure shows 14.03% and FTO/TiO2/CsSnI3/Spiro-OMeTAD structure shows 20.2% . These studies demonstrate the significant impact of different hole transport materials (HTMs) on the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Each HTM influences device performance uniquely, making the exploration of new HTMs critical for advancing PSC technology. In this context, we introduce vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) as a novel and cost-effective HTM for non-toxic tin-based perovskite solar cells. V2O5 is considerably cheaper than conventional HTMs such as Spiro-OMeTAD, CuI, and NiO, offering a significant advantage for commercial scalability. If V2O5 can deliver optimal efficiency, it will not only lower production costs but also enhance the compatibility of perovskite solar cells with largescale manufacturing requirements. The price of each material is taken from Sigma Aldrich The absorber material used in this study is cesium tin iodide (CsSnI3), a non-toxic alternative to traditional lead-based perovskites, while tungsten disulfide (WS2) is employed as the electron transport material (ETM). This combination of materials V2O5 as the HTM, CsSnI3 as the absorber, and WS2 as the ETM represents a novel cell architecture that has not been previously explored.