The system boundary considered for this study begins with WW entering the treatment plant, wherein different methods are compared. Post to WW treatment and nutrient recovery, the treated water, respective products, and sludge leaves out of the system (Figure ). Scenario I (Base Case) comprise of the conventional WW treatment with unit operations including primary settling tank, clarifier, sludge thickener, anaerobic digester, decanter, and pump for dewatering and sludge drying. The base case was compared with microbial fuel cell (MFC) (Scenario II), while scenario III, IV and V corresponds to chemical precipitation, ion-exchange, and microalgae based nutrient recovery systems respectively. Scenario III-V used the STP of scenario I followed by nutrient recovery. The information related to mass and energy balance were obtained based on our previous study .