where N is the number of types of physical properties, M n is the number of systems for each physical property, w n is a weight associated with each property, d n is a scaling factor with the same unit as the property, y ref m is the experimental value, y m is the estimated value from simulation, ⃗ θ is a vector of parameters being optimized and σ i is the prior width hyperparameter. In this study, because there is only one property being optimized, N = 1 and there is only a single weight w = 1. The scaling factor is set as d n = 1 kcal/mol, and chosen based on an order-of-magnitude estimate of the experimental measurement error.