Despite the HOMO levels of DDATA and DAAPC are close, the DAAPC/2,8-PPT having smaller ΔELUMO exhibited more than twice LPL intensity as compared to the DDATA/2,8-PPT. In contrast, DDATA/2,8-PPT with a larger ΔELUMO displayed significant yellow-to-red emission over 550 nm and weaker LPL. Luminescent materials are generally evaluated by luminance based on photopic vision, but materials containing more blue light components are estimated to have a lower luminance value. Because LPL luminance was weak, we analyzed it based on the scotopic vision luminance or unified luminance (Fig. , Extended Data Fig. ).