This implies that the exothermic peaks at about 700 K of both 65RH and 85RH samples could arise from the crystal transformation via an intermediate amorphous process. In addition, according to the XRD patterns of 85RH, some other types of crystals in addition to H4V3P3O16.5⋅xH2O might already exist, but their identities are missing due to the smaller sizes at that moment (Fig. ). It is likely that these crystals are VO(HPO4)⋅xH2O, which grow to larger crystals during heat treatment. To investigate the effect of the incorporated water on the electrochemical performances of TVP glass anode, a systematic study was carried out to compare the lithium-ion storage properties of the water-modified glass-based anodes with those of the "dry" sample. Fig. shows the cycling performances of the 'dry' TVP, 45RH, 65RH and 85RH anodes at a current density of 1 A g -1 , respectively. Although the TVP anode is stable during the repeated lithiation/delithiation process, the active sites are not sufficient, and the ionic conductivity is low, leading to a relatively low specific capacity of 182 mA h g -1 after 200 cycles. In strong contrast, the capacities of the hydrated samples, i.e., 45RH, 65RH and 65RH, reach astonishing values of 425, 442 and 398 mA h g -1 after 200 cycles (the inset in Fig. ), which are two times higher than that of the 'dry' TVP anode. The dramatically boosted capacity must be due to the fact that the incorporated water alters the microstructure of the TVP sample, and thereby increases the structural stability and the ionic conductivity, as well as generates numerous active sites. These factors enable fast reaction, leading to the synergetic enhancement of capacity and cycling performance of the hydrated samples. Note that the discharge capacity of the 85RH decreased a bit compared to that of 65RH but still much larger than that of 'dry' TVP anode. Moreover, the Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 65RH sample increases rapidly from the second cycle to 99%. The high CE implies the enhancement of the effective availability of lithium species, thus the superior reversible capacity.