The bending force was applied by compressing a spring with stiffness of 3.15 N/mm. A long bolt was installed as a spring guide to avoid buckling. The outer diameter of the spring was selected to match the width of the cantilever to increase structural stability. The amount of compression was adjusted by tightening a nut on the bolt where the grounding wire is also connected. It is noted that there was about one min of air exposure when installing the bending setup into the SEM. The compressive strain ( ) x  at the top surface of the cantilever is calculated using Euler beam theory, in which , where F is the applied force, x is the distance from the free end, E is the elastic modulus of LLZO, and b and h are the width and thickness of the cantilever.