With a randomized double-blinded controlled trial among 95 patients undergoing abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) led by Augenstein, ICG was first-time injected before incision, and images were used to evaluate perfusion level and any deficits created by hernia or previous incisions. In experimental group, surgeons were allowed to plan their incision according to the perfusion deficits displayed on the ICG imaging, meanwhile in the controlled group, surgeons make the incision plan only depending on their clinical judgement. Then before skin closure, ICG imaging was performed again. The surgeons in experimental group were able to excise tissue and tailor skin flaps based on the imaging results and their clinical judgement, while in control group, they would make any flap modifications relying on clinical judgement alone. The results revealed that ICG fluorescence imaging has no help with the preventing of wound-related complications or reoperation, but it did predict the high risk of wound infection by successfully identifying poor tissue perfusion .