Research at the interface of chemistry and aerosol science has intensified in recent years, sparked initially by observation of unusual or accelerated reactivity in electrosprays. Chemical reactivity within aerosol microdroplets as a microscopic reaction vessel is rapidly generating significant research interest with a host of potential advantages over bulk media. Results published so far have reported a dramatic departure from bulk reactivity outcomes, signaling the possibility both of reaction acceleration and modulating selectivity for different products. From a green chemistry perspective, aerosols experiments offer a drastic reduction in reaction volumes and hence waste. The large surface to volume ratio of aerosols facilitates rapid solvent evaporation and/or exchange, replacing lengthy evaporation and resuspension steps on the benchtop. For researchers wishing to advance the conceptual underpinnings of experimental chemistry, aerosols are inherently high throughput and stochastic reaction media, dovetailing with the growing use of large datasets in chemistry; as reaction systems, they are readily amenable to direct interrogation using microscopy and mass spectrometry. The full potential of aerosols as a venue for chemical reactions is not yet fully understood, though parallels may be drawn to flow chemistry, whose unique affordancesaugmenting traditional synthesis with a spatial dimension -have redefined synthetic chemical methodology.