As an antidote to these problems, we suggest orbitalinvariant (and thus representation-independent) chargedisplacement metrics that attempt to model the same charge-separation physics as earlier ad hoc definitions. These invariant metrics are based on well-defined expectation values of the transition density, following a paradigm laid out for wave function calculations by Plasser, Dreuw, and co-workers. Herein, we demonstrate that they can be used to the same ends as previous CT metrics, namely, to diagnose problems with TD-DFT or to quantify electron-hole separation in a physically meaningful way.