The electrochemical measurements were performed with Swagelok cells that were assembled inside a glove box, using a Biologic VMP3 electrochemical workstation. KSC and Li foil (MTI corporation) were used as working and counter electrodes, respectively, and a glass fiber sheet (Whatman) was inserted as a separator. 0.5 M PP14Cl (1-Butyl-1-methylpiperidinium chloride) in PC was used as a non-aqueous electrolyte. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests were carried out with a scan rate of 0.2 mV s -1 in the voltage window of 0.01 to 2.0 V. The galvanostatic charge-discharge and rate capability tests of the system were carried out at room temperature in the voltage range from 0.01 to 2 V. The cells were allowed to rest for 6 hours before operations. The specific capacity of each cell was calculated based on the mass of the active material.