that repels water and a hydrophilic head that attracts water, enabling them to interact with both water and non-water substances . These substances are frequently employed in a variety of applications, including dispersants, foaming agents, emulsifiers, and detergents. Based on the charge in their hydrophilic head, they may be divided into four groups: zwitterionic (both negative and positive charges), non-ionic (no charge), cationic (positive charge), and anionic (negative charge) .