Lindblad decay theory can be used to simulate the effects of photonic loss channels in semi-classical dynamics methods. The most general Markovian description of a dissipative environment (i.e., modes external to the cavity) interacting with the electron-photon subsystem ρ (t ) of interest that is both norm-preserving and always provides a positive-valued population is the Lindblad master equation. For the current problem, this can be written as,