Ref. 437 investigates the possibility of modifying free charge carrier generation as in a system composed of oligothiophene donors and fullerene acceptors when coupling to the cavity. They model the oligothiophene as a chain containing N Frankel excitation sites (one electron and one hole is located at a site) |XT J ⟩ ≡ |D e J ⟩ ⊗ |D h J ⟩, with e and h representing an electron and a hole, whose nearest neighbors are coupled (|XT J ⟩ is coupled to |XT J+1 ⟩). They treat the fullerene molecules by an effective, coarse-grained super-molecule, such that there is one acceptor state |A e 0 ⟩ which is localized on the fullerene super-molecule. As a result, there exists N charge transfer states |CT J ⟩ = |A e 0 ⟩ ⊗ |D h J ⟩, that is electron localized on the fullerene (super-molecule) and a hole localized on the Jth site on the oligothiophene, which couples to its neighboring |CT J+1 ⟩ state (similar to the |XT J ⟩). In their analysis, they restrict themselves within the single excited subspace such that when considering the cavity they are considering the subspace spanning {|XT J , 0⟩, |CT J , 0⟩, |G, 1⟩}, where |G, 1⟩ is ground state of the matter with 1 photon in the cavity. Due to the light-matter interactions, each |XT J , 0⟩ couples to the |G, 1⟩} state. Finally, |XT 0 ⟩ is coupled only to the |CT 1 ⟩ state as the fullerenes are assumed to be spatially close to the i = 1 site of the oligothiophene.