In the last decade, there have been over 35,000 scientific publications (mainly journal articles and patent publications) related to antibacterial research in the CAS Content Collection indicating continual research, development, and commercialization efforts being made in this field. Journal publications dominate the field while patent publications amount to 1/5 th of the journal publications. This trend suggests that vast amounts of academic research in the last decade has not yet resulted in commercialization. There has been an overall growth in journal publications over the last 5 years with a >15% increase in the last year (Figure ) correlating well with the post-COVID19 increase in nosocomial infections. China, India, the United States, Iran, and the Republic of Korea are the world leaders with respect to the number of journal publications (Figure ) with China having nearly twice as many publications than India. Noteworthy, Iran, India, and Italy have a much higher number of published journal articles as compared to patent publications while China has ~3-fold greater number of journal and patent publications, respectively, as compared to the United States, indicating differential allocation of research funds in each country or region. We identified leading organizations for journal publications in research related to antibacterials (Figure ) with respect to both the number of journal publications as well as the average number of citations per publication (an indicator of the influence of that publication in the field). Unsurprisingly, research institutes from the United States and China account for nearly half of the top journal publications and is followed closely by Canada. One institute each from India, Israel, Portugal, the Republic of Korea, and Australia features in the list of top institutes. The journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy appears to publish the highest number of articles related to antibacterial research (Figure ) and is the most-cited journal in the field (Figure ). Patent publications were analyzed to identify leading patent assignees and their geographical distribution. In terms of the number of patent publications, patents by non-commercial assignees outnumber commercial ones indicating that non-commercial organizations are engaged in more antibacterial research and are trying to find ways to patent and commercialize them. Interestingly, the number of patents by non-commercial assignees has shown a steady increase in the past decade while the number remains more or less steady for commercial assignees (Figure ). China dominates patents in the field of antibacterials as it has the highest number of commercial and non-commercial patent assignees (Figure ). Chinese universities account for all the top fifteen spots in the top non-commercial assignees. Unsurprisingly, the number of patents by noncommercial assignees from China is ~4 times higher than the USA, and ~3 times higher than that of Korea. China, the USA, Japan, Korea, India, the UK, and Italy are the top assignees for commercial patents. Patents from Wockhardt Limited, the leading commercial organization in the field of antibacterials, has notable patents on the use of nitrogen-containing compounds as antibacterials. Other companies such as F.Hoffmann-La Roche have patents related to sequence-specific antibacterial testing, 377 peptide macrocycles against drug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 378 among many others. Patent protection is influenced by the country/region of the applicant, consequently the same invention can be filed for patent protection in several jurisdictions, or it can be filed through the World Intellectual Property Organization (WO) and later filed to patent offices in different countries. This accounts for certain patent families being counted more than once, which represents them being filed at multiple patent offices. Figure represents a chronological flow of filing individual patent applications within patent families in various national patent offices, the World Intellectual Property Organization, and the European Patent Office (EP). The left column shows the top ten patent assignee countries/regions in terms of the number of patent activities (here, an activity is defined as an event where a patent document, either an application or a granted patent, is published). The extreme right column shows the patent office where the patent activity took place. The center column, connecting the two, indicates the office where the first patent in the family was filed. Unsurprisingly, China and USA have the highest patent flow activity which correlates well with their high patent numbers. Interestingly, most countries tend to have a higher number of patent filings at their home country's patent office followed by their initial filings at the World Intellectual Property Organization. We further explored distribution and trends in the published documents (journals and patents) dealing with various antibacterial-related concepts. Figure shows the number of publications corresponding to the most prominently occurring bacteria in the field of antimicrobials.