The pursuit of a sustainable future has propelled lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) into a pivotal role across diverse technological realms . Initially confined to consumer electronics, LIBs have become indispensable in electric vehicles, renewable energy storage, off-grid power systems, and grid stabilization applications. A comprehensive understanding of the chemo-physical behavior is essential to unlock the full potential of LIBs within complex and multi-component systems such as electric vehicles and grid storage.