However, crafting a harmonious and pleasant fragrance is complex considering the number of available fragrances (on the order of several thousand) . The possible combinations of fragrance ingredients for a perfumer are nearly endless -achieving a desired olfactory target involves a long and costly trial-and-error process for testing the perceived odor of hundreds of different samples . Historically, this intricate process has leaned heavily on the expertise of seasoned perfumers who meticulously adjust ingredient proportions to attain the desired olfactory experience in intensity and quality . In the past two decades, the use of Product Engineering in fragrance design has emerged as a valuable tool to integrate scientific knowledge into a traditionally empirical and subjective domain . A notable benefit of this integration is the ability to decrease the number of chemicals in formulations, all while achieving the desired perceptual outcomes.