To get an overview of the fragment frequencies, a histogram can be created with both types of frequency -the Frequency, which indicates how often the respective fragment occurs in the fragmented set of molecules, or the Molecule Frequency, which indicates the number of molecules in which a fragment occurs. Figure Example studies with MORTAR include the investigation of the natural product chemical space by which functional groups frequently appear in their structures, together with a comparison to non-natural product compounds , and analogous studies on structures relevant to medicinal chemistry . Even more sophisticated analyses like the investigation of natural product substituents can be attempted in a similar fashion using MORTAR's pipelining functionality. Looking at specific substructures and their frequencies in a structural database can also be used to access its chemical diversity. This dates back to Bemis and Murcko's investigation of the diversity of drug molecules known in their time by looking at how many different molecular frameworks can be identified and which of them appear very frequently . A specific application of MORTAR could be the automated generation of adequate fragment molecule sets for mesoscopic simulation approaches of large molecular ensembles to be studied on the nanometer length and microsecond time scales (like "bottomup" Dissipative Particle Dynamics (DPD) supported by the MFsim/Jdpd environment).