We could always argue that when the quantum state of the systems entangles with the environment, the measuring apparatus, and the observer through the von Neumann chain, the gravitational self-energy increases, shortening the collapse times. A 1-cm aluminum instrument pointer of 1 g in a two-state superposition 1 cm apart would instantaneously collapse within 6×10 -21 s (in a direct application of (8), with  = 25.2 a0 -2 and r  given by (C.10) with n = 6×10 28 m -3 ). However, such reasoning defeats the purpose of the collapse theories, which is to attribute a naturally occurring collapse time independent of any laboratory measurement.