Electrode slurries for operando XRD measurements were prepared as described above, but with a weight ratio of active material to conductive carbon to binder of 7:2:1 in order to ensure sufficient electric conductivity throughout the thicker coating. The slurry was then drop-cast onto Ti mesh, with mass loading of ca. 5 mg cm -2 , and left to dry under air circulation, then later under vacuum at 80 °C. Operando XRD patterns were recorded during galvanostatic cycling of the electrodes against Li metal in LP30 electrolyte with a specific current of 50 mA g -1 , in a modified coin cell setup with thin Kapton windows on both sides of the coin cell. The diffractograms were obtained using a STOE STADI-p diffractometer in Debye-Scherrer geometry with Mo Kα radiation source (λ=0.70932 Å), equipped with a MYTHEN 1K detector and a STOE coin cell holder. The electrochemical measurements were performed using a potentiostat (SP-300, Biologic).