To discuss the full experimental details, we first note that the emulsification-solvent evaporation technique differs from nanoprecipitation in that the drug and polymer are dissolved in a water-immiscible organic solvent such as dichloromethane , chloroform , or ethyl acetate to form the organic phase of the process. When this organic phase is poured under ultrasonic or vortex mixing onto an aqueous solution containing PEG -conjugated or nonconjugated phospholipid under ultrasonication or vortex mixing, a W/O (oil-in-water) emulsion is obtained. Either by shear stress or continuous stirring, the emulsion is then broken into microdroplets that are immediately cured as the organic solvent evaporates. This curing step is critical because it determines the size and morphology of the particles. These two parameters directly affect the encapsulation efficiency and release performance of the drug delivery systems. Finally, the encapsulated nanoparticles are collected by centrifugation .