Whereas, ProLinker™ B offers a simple and rapid immobilisation procedure that does not require any chemical modification or previous manipulation of the antibodies. For example, Jarocka et al reported an electrochemical immunosensor for detection of the antibodies against influenza A virus H5N1 studied in hen serum 196 where a Protein A immobilisation was studied via carbodiimide chemistry. Then Protein A surface was used for immobilisation of anti-His antibodies and recombinant His-tagged hemagglutinin (His6-H5 HA), respectively. Another example was reported by In this study, researchers modified gold surface with Cu 2 O and Protein A, respectively, for well-oriented immobilisation of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody.