We have identified the details of the proton transport mechanism in graphanol. The mechanism involves a combination of proton hops from one OH group to neighboring OH groups and OH rotations. We show that the protons hop along Grotthuss chains, which consist of a pathway of hydrogen bonds allowing proton conduction forward and backward along the chain without any OH rotations. Long-range proton transport is accomplished through formation of new Grotthuss chains that are created when OH groups rotate and form new networks of hydrogen bonds. Hence, the apparent diffusion activation energy is a convolution of the intrinsic proton hopping barrier and the intrinsic OH rotation barrier.