Current disposal practices for textile waste predominantly include landfilling and incineration. Landfilling is the most common method, where waste is buried in the ground, leading to longterm environmental issues, including land degradation and the release of greenhouse gases from decomposing waste . Incineration, another prevalent disposal method, involves burning the waste at high temperatures. Although this reduces the volume of waste, it often results in the release of harmful emissions, including carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other pollutants, contributing to air pollution and the depletion of natural resources .