There are several technological applications for heat and/or mass transfer between solid particles and one or more fluid phases. We can highlight, for example, the pyrolysis of shale oil fines in moving beds , the waste tire pyrolysis in moving and fluidized beds , the flash kaolinite calcination in moving and fluidized beds , the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in fixed-bed reactors (Apolinar-Hernández et al., 2024), as well as others industrial processes described in .