Cell membrane were isolated from pelleted cells using a modified Bligh and Dyer method. Briefly, cells were dispersed in organic solvent using vortex mixing (2:1 CHCl3:MeOH, v/v), combined with water, and the mixture shaken (5:95:20 cells:organic solvent:H₂O, m:v:v in g & mL, resp.). The mixture was centrifuged (1000 × g, 5 min), the bottom layer was recovered, filtered through cotton wool to remove particulate, and stripped of solvent in vacuo. After the residual solvent was removed using a stream of N₂, the isolated cell membrane lipids were stored at -20 °C under N₂ prior to use.