In order to explore the biological functions of the discovered AA-BAs, we collected fecal samples from CSD mice (n = 10) and CON mice (n = 8), and analyzed the change in AA-BA content. PCA analysis showed that CSD mice and CON mice were distinctly separated (Figure ). In addition, volcano plot analysis showed that the levels of 50 AA-BAs were significantly decreased in CSD group (Figure , blue dots). We mapped the change differences in the relative contents of all the detected AA-BAs from each fecal sample to visualize them. As shown in Figure , the levels of most AA-BAs in mouse feces displayed a decreased tendency in CSD mice. These results indicated that AA-BA metabolism was closely related to the health of host and that chronic sleep deprivation seriously affected the biosynthesis of AA-BAs mediated by gut microbiota. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be further explored.