Glutamate can be converted into α-ketoglutarate, another intermediate in the citric acid cycle, through the action of glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme. α-ketoglutarate can then be utilized in the biosynthesis of collagen and other extracellular matrix components, which are crucial for cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Dysregulation of glutamate metabolism has been associated with enhanced cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis in various cancers. Moreover, alterations in the metabolism of these amino acids may also impact the tumor microenvironment and immune response in feline mammary cancer. For example, changes in the levels of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate have been detected in the blood and tissue samples of cats with mammary cancer, suggesting that these amino acids may serve as potential biomarkers for early detection and prognosis of feline mammary cancer. Additionally, the metabolism of these amino acids has been shown to modulate the activity of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, potentially influencing the immune response against cancer cells. 1