In the final example, Auto-VTNA was applied to analyse product concentration profiles for kinetic data by Newton et al. for the Heck reaction between iodobenzene and methyl acrylate catalysed by varying amounts of Pd(OAc)2, 9 where it was reported that the catalyst order is dependent on catalyst loading, due to the presence of more than one active catalyst species and different catalyst deactivation rates. Investigation utilising Auto-VTNA emulated the reported results: for low catalyst loading experiments (30, 50, 100, and 200 ppm), a catalyst order of 1.73 was identified, close to the reported value of 1.7; while a lower catalyst order of 0.87 was obtained for higher catalyst loadings (200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000), similar to the reported value of 0.9. The concentration profiles with high catalyst loadings exhibited a wider interval of reaction order values with overlay scores only 15% above the minimum (0.79 to 0.94 vs. 1.70 to 1.77) as well as a higher overlay score at the optimal catalyst order (0.041 vs. 0.023) (Fig. ). To investigate whether the reported catalyst order step change at 200 ppm is supported by Auto-VTNA, order values were calculated for pairs of experiments with consecutive catalyst loadings (Fig. ). Indeed, a step change is observed at 200 ppm in catalyst order value, although the catalyst order obtained from the 600 and 800 ppm experiments appears to be an outlier. The equivalent plots for order values obtained from groups of 3 or 4 experiments with consecutive catalyst loadings also indicate a step change from high to low catalyst orders, although less pronounced as the mid-range order values are obtained from concentration profiles from both the high and low catalyst loading domains (see ESI, Fig. ). This demonstrates the power of Auto-VTNA to quickly and accurately provide kinetic analysis with robust quantified justification.