When investigating seasonal changes or ARGs in wastewater, ermB, sul1 and intI1 observed no statistically significant different loads in winter 2018/19 when compared to summer 2019 (table ). Other studies have observed similar results with regards to ARGs in wastewater. One study investigating seasonal variation of mecA gene abundance in wastewater (which confers -lactam resistance in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)), reported variations over a year sampling but no obvious seasonal trend . Another study investigated 295 ARGs and mobile genetic elements, including resistance associated with tetracyclines, sulphonamides and macrolides, observed no significant seasonal variation of ARGs, except the absolute abundance of genes peaked during the spring . In comparison, qnrS in this study was present in significant higher loads in summer than in winter (p=0.0018). Further work is required to understand this phenomenon.