• SIGN : A structure-aware interactive graph neural network, where the nodeedge aggregation process and interaction edges gathering process was implemented. It should be noted that the performance results for all the 11 reference models were directly taken from the SIGN paper, since the authors ran all these models in their own hands for benchmark purpose. Table shows the overall performance for all binding affinity prediction models including our APAN model. It can be seen that our approach achieved the best performance on both benchmark datasets among all the compared methods. Although our APAN model is only marginally better than the SIGN model which is the best model among all the baseline models, it clearly out-performs all other reference methods.