The significantly larger size of the wetted area compared to the perforated area (Figure ) might be attributed to crevice corrosion of the film adhesive, as the laser burns a film and adhesive at the edge of the perforation (Figure ). After removal of the mask, partial delamination of the gold thin film was be observed at the adhesive contact area. Three dark encirclements are visible, each attributed to the edges of the wetted area at the end of the lithiation process at each of the three cycles (Figures and). This implies that some leakage might be unavoidable over time due to electrowetting during galvanostatic measurements . Despite the areal correction, the results of the CP measurements remain quite reproducible (Figure ). In contrast, for EIS measurements, the inconsistency before and after can be attributed to both high-and low-frequency resistances; no correlation observed between the resistances and perforated area or wetted area (Figure ), which might be interpreted by different signal contributions from the perforated and leaked area of the mask. Charge-discharge curves during 3 cycles for 36 experiments, the specific capacity was calculated based on the wetted area from optical microscopy and the areal load from XRF measurements (b). Coulombic efficiency for the 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd cycles over 36 experiments (c). Discharge specific capacity for the 1 st , 2 nd , and 3 rd cycles (d). The optical microscope images: a spot with perforated Kapton film on Au before electrochemical expeiment (e), a spot with perforated Kapton film on Au after electrochemical experiment (f), a spot on Au after electrochemical experiment after Kapton film removal (g); a scale bar corresponds to 500 µm. The photo of the electrochemical cell in contact with a substrate (h).