governed by the approximations of ĤE and ĤI during the derivation of the Lindblad master equation. The sum k L Lk [ρ S ] is sometimes referred to as the "dissipator". The Lindblad master equation provides a dynamical map for ρS that forms a dynamical semigroup with generator L Ĥ + k L Lk . The Lindblad master equation in Eq. 9 can also be derived through the full quantum dynamics of ĤT by assuming weak system-environment interactions, the Born-Markov approximation, and the secular approximation.