Studying sustainability for PFAS treatment from water requires a focus on several key components, such as the functional unit, system boundary, water type, and methodological approaches. These components are essential for assessing the environmental sustainability, social impacts, and financial feasibility of various treatment technologies (Figure ). By standardizing sustainability indicators through these key components, researchers can develop more robust and comparable assessments, ultimately advancing the field of PFAS treatment and contributing to the broader goal of sustainable water management. Figure illustrates the research focus and gaps in the current body of literature. The thickness of each line represents the number of reviewed papers, highlighting areas where research is concentrated and where further investigation is needed. This visual representation aids in identifying trends, emerging technologies, and underexplored areas, guiding future research efforts towards a more comprehensive understanding of PFAS treatment sustainability. Details on how the literature review was systematically conducted are included in the Supporting Information (SI) Section S1, and Table has all the information used in the development of Figure .