Non-precious transition metal-based electrocatalysts, including transition metal oxides , carbides , and sulfides , have emerged as promising alternatives to noble platinum (Pt)-based catalysts for HER. However, the existing transition metal-based catalysts generally exhibit optimal activities only at low current densities (1-100 mA cm -2 ) with limited stability, making their operation in acidic electrolytes at industrial-level current densities (> 3 A cm -2 ) quite challenging. Non-equilibrium plasmas, characterized by highly energetic reactive species in a far-from-equilibrium state and the capability to operate at low temperatures, offer distinct advantages in the development and fabrication of innovative materials . The existence of non-equilibrium plasmas can significantly influence nucleation and crystal growth processes in material synthesis, facilitating thermodynamically unfavorable reactions that are difficult or impossible to achieve using conventional equilibrium thermal methods .