To overcome this problem, a fixed concentration of 10, 4, or 0.5 nM for G5, G13, or G27, respectively, was employed while the lectin concentration was varied in this study. In this case, all lectin-Gx-DiMan binding samples had the same background absorption, which can be easily corrected by using the respective Gx-OH (Gx coated with purely LA-EG4-OH ligand) negative control at that concentration.