The interactions among these particles are governed by FFs that are parameterized to align with experimental observables. These encompassed the experimental viscosity in case of the slurry phase and the porosity and density of the dry and calendered electrodes. The calibration of the FF parameters consisted of a comparison between the simulation outputs and the experimental data following each manufacturing step. The parametrization started from already published work and moved up to reach this point. More details on the CGMD and FFs utilized in the simulation workflow are presented in the Supplementary Information (SI).