We have chosen the simulation with the parameters of F2 under the sequential injection scenario, using the rotation speed of 5000 rpm as an example, to analyze the effect of residence time on the mixture microstructures. The selected sections for the analysis are shown in Fig. . First, we chose five zones of equal volume in the recirculation circuit, distributed away from the corners. We then counted the mass of AM particles within these five zones (denoted A to E) and plotted them as time-dependent curves (Fig. ). In addition, we calculated the standard deviation of the mass of AM particles within these five zones at each time point and plotted it as a function of the time (Fig. ). The aim is to monitor the homogeneity of the entire simulated particle system over time. The lower the standard deviation of the AM particles' mass in the five zones at a given time, the more homogeneous the AM particle distribution throughout the system. The distribution of the peaks and the regression line show that the homogeneity of the particles throughout the whole circuit increases with residence time. While this is an expected phenomenon, we want to underline that our model provides a tool to quantify it. Based on this quantification capabilities, our model has the potential to be a useful tool to optimize the extrusion conditions for preparing the filaments for 3D printing battery electrodes. This paves the way to the concept of digital twin, similarly to what it was proposed for solvent-based lithium-ion battery electrode manufacturing .