Examination of comorbidities associated with HD showed depression as the most common, affecting nearly 43% of patients, with females more frequently affected than males. Other reported comorbidities of HD include dementia (~ 38% of patients), urinary incontinence (over 32.% of patients), extrapyramidal and movement disorders (over 30% of patients), dysphagia (nearly 30% of patients), and disorders of lipoprotein metabolism (over 28% of patients). Another study found that the prevalence of comorbidities, especially in the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and psychiatric diseases, was higher in patients with HD than in a control group of healthy individuals. The observed psychiatric comorbidities comprise obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression, insomnia, bipolar affective disorders, dementia, and neurosis. 355 A recent study reported higher incidence rate of multiple comorbidities, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychosis, communication disorders, depression, anxiety, dementia, and others, in individuals with adult-onset HD than in controls; in patients with juvenileonset HD, the incidence rates of epilepsy, and acute respiratory symptoms have been found higher. Reports exist of the co-occurrence of HD with ALS. The number of reported cases of co-occurrence are low, which obstruct systematic observational studies or clinical trials. A single case of multiple sclerosis with comorbid HD has been reported.