In contrast to this physical picture, electrostatic interactions are still widely invoked to explain offsetstacking, often under the moniker of "Hunter-Sanders model". However, numerous computational 9-11,52-59 and experimental studies have questioned this interpretation. In fact, the original Hunter-Sanders model, consisting of quadrupolar electrostatics in competition with atom-atom -C 6 /R 6 dispersion, predicts the correct offset-stacking geometry only in the case of benzene dimer, for which it was parameterized and where it works by accident. For larger acene dimers, and for benzene on graphene, this model fails qualitatively. Although E elst does change as the intermolecular distance is decreased from 3.8 Å (corresponding to the eclipsedcofacial saddle point) to 3.4 Å (parallel-displaced local minimum), Fig. shows conclusively that the gradient of E elst points toward the eclipsed-cofacial geometry. Therefore, electrostatics may set the depth of the π-π interaction potential, 10 but it provides no driving force for offset-stacking and in fact exerts a mild pull towards the sandwich geometry, although this effect is small in the case of benzene dimer and E elst has little effect on the energy landscape.