We first present the optimal placement of sensors across the METEC site, considering various sensor budget constraints ranging from 1 to 12. For each budget level, we conducted 20 independent optimization trials and aggregated the results to identify the most effective sensor configuration. Figure showcases exemplary configurations for the optimal placement of four and eight sensors, with additional configurations for varying budgets detailed in Section S7 of the SI. The sensors' horizontal positions are marked with red dots, while their heights are denoted by corresponding numbers. The top row shows the optimal sensor placements by searching from all possible sensor locations specified in Step 2 across the entire site. The detection coverage achieved by these configurations is 0.52 and 0.75 for the foursensor and eight-sensor systems, respectively, indicating that the systems could detect 52% and 75% of simulated emission scenarios, respectively. Not surprisingly, the arrangement of the best sensor placement is clearly informed by the predominant wind directions from the northwest and southeast (see Figure ). Additionally, the sensor heights are highly correlated with the heights of the emission sources. In situations where operational guidelines restrict sensor installation exclusively to the perimeter of a site, we also explore optimal fenceline sensor placements. Adhering to the methodology outlined in the Methods section, we limited potential sensor locations to a narrow zone along the site boundary, specifically within a 2-meter buffer area. The bottom row shows the optimal configurations for placing four and eight sensors, as determined by our algorithm. Again, the arrangement of the optimal sensor placements is informed by the predominant wind directions. Specifically, rather than being uniformly distributed along the perimeter, the sensors are shifted towards the northwest and southeast direction, the predominant wind directions over the experiment period. The four sensor locations in the best four-sensor solution are approximately retained in the best eight-sensor solution, but their heights are adjusted to synergize with the newly added sensors, enhancing detection efficiency.