For prospective validation, we compiled a dataset of 967 HPLC traces (see Methods) that were fully annotated by a human expert. In this real-world evaluation (Figure ), the model achieved an accuracy of 0.96, an F1 score of 0.92, an AUC of 0.98, and an Average Precision of 0.91. These metrics confirm that our model effectively distinguishes between bubble-affected and unaffected traces and handles class imbalance, supporting its deployment in the Cloud Lab environment.