The enantiomeric excess values were measured by high performance liquid chromatography with chiral AD-H, OD-H and IC columns. NMR spectra were taken on a 400 MHz or 600 MHz BRUKER AVANCE spectrometer at 25 o C and calibrated using the residual undeuterated solvent and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as the internal reference. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were performed on either a Q-TOF micro (Bruker Compass Data Analysis 4.0) spectrometer or a Q Exactive HF LC-MS (Thermo Fisher).