For the target screening of BAs, concentrations of the detected BAs were calculated by interpolating the constructed IS-calibrated linear-regression curves of individual BAs, with the peak area ratios measured form injections of the sample solutions. TraceFinder 5.2 General Quan (Thermo) was employed for this analysis. GraphPad Prism (version 10.1.0) was used to perform ANOVA with Tukey's HSD and graphs.