In general, switching to specifications grading required a substantial time commitment prior to the start of a course to design the system. One of the time-consuming aspects of the design was the construction of the grade bundles. As instructors worked to construct grade bundles, they were incentivized to reevaluate their course LOs and the assignments that mapped to those LOs. This backwards course design in tandem with a specifications grading approach where the focus is put on the student achievement of LOs rather than the accumulation of points to earn a letter grade suggests that a grade a student earns in a course under specifications grading may more accurately reflect the knowledge and skills they have gained by completing the course .