In photocatalysis, semiconductor materials absorb light energy and produce electron-hole pairs which drive reduction, and oxidation reactions respectively. The use of photocatalysis to split water and produce hydrogen only using solar energy is considered an ideal solution to energy and environmental problems. Solar energy is primarily composed of visible light and infrared radiation. Most of the photocatalysts known till date either function only under UV light irradiation, do not have sufficient efficiency under visible light irradiation for practical applications, or suffer from low long term stability issues. The challenge and the primary focus in the field of photocatalysis has been to find semiconductor materials which are capable of splitting water using only solar energy and remain stable under the operating conditions. To scale up the production of hydrogen to levels that meet global energy needs, an enormous amount of photocatalysts will be needed, and hence it is necessary that they are made of earth abundant elements to become cost effective.