The tau protein is involved in Alzheimer's disease by triggering the abnormal mobilisation and activation of transposable elements . In tau-mediated neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, transposable elements are activated . When microglia and astrocytes detect an excessive amount of tau protein, they trigger the transcription of a transposable element (TE) . Cellular models show that Tau enhances L1 retrotransposon insertion . Neuroinflammation can occur when the innate immune system is activated by tau protein-induced TE production, which can be seen in the cytoplasm and endosomes .