Consolidation of Main Points. We reported two main findings. The first one is that a thin film of PDMS with hydrophilic inclusions bonded to a rigid support swells upon adsorbing moisture from the environment, which ultimately creates morphological instability on the surface. Similar instabilities develop when the coatings are exposed to humid atmosphere as well (these results are not reported here). As the driving force for swelling and thus the morphological instability results from the difference of the chemical potential of water in the film and that in the atmosphere, there is an opportunity here to control the nature of the morphological patterns by varying the osmolarity of inclusions and/or the environment.. With the PDMS used here, no short term deterioration of the coating is observed when it is immersed in distilled water for a few days. However, after long immersion, the coating swells so much that it cannot sustain the osmotic stress. In that case, local blisters are formed and some of the hydrophilic content of the coating is released. This is not an issue with a salt solution, where the osmolarity of water in the film and the surrounding phase can ultimately be balanced. However, as the osmolarity cannot be balanced in pure water, the film continue to swell until the hydrostatic stress of the elastic matrix balances it. The matrix has to be deformed to the point that the issue becomes whether the stressed elastomer is strong enough to withstand the osmotic stress. While an elastomer that is more resilient than Syl 184 would be required to solve the issue of long-term durability, we are also considering using crosslinked superabsorbent hydrogel, which would provide an additional control to the developing morphologies owing to its own elastic structure aside from that of the PDMS matrix. At present, we have been able to circumvent the long term deterioration of the coating somewhat by applying a thin film of PDMS (without hydrophilic inclusions) on the top of H-PDMS. Figure shows that morphological instability still develops in such composite coatings, where the wavelength and the amplitude of the instability is mildly affected by the thickness of the PDMS topcoat the thickness of which varied from 10 m to 30 m. In a future publication, we wish to report how the stability of the overall structure is improved with such an approach.