The coordination chemistry of cobalt and nickel is influenced by factors such as the nature of the ligand, oxidation state, and reaction conditions. For instance, in the context of metallothionein complexes, both cobalt (II) and nickel (II) exhibit tetrahedral coordination with thiolate ligands . The capacity of these metals to adopt varying coordination numbers and geometries is a pivotal factor in their multifaceted applications, including catalysis and metal extraction processes.