for bacteria inactivation at a wavelength between 200 to 280 nm. The system in this study has two UV lamps on opposite sides with water flowing through a quartz tube to maximize light transmittance to microbes (Figure ). The materials accounted for included lamps, aluminum, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride. The mercury UV lamps used in this work were expected to have a lifespan of approximately 2,000 hours; however, varying lifespan has been reported by manufacturers of other mercury lamps. The unit is modelled to have two mercury lamps that use 30 W of electricity each. It is designed based on a flow of 9.46 L•min -1 with a UV dose of 215 mJ⋅mc -2 . In this unit, we incorporated the impact of water quality through turbidity on UV light transmittance, UV dose, and detention time. These factors influence the energy requirements and potential cost and environmental impacts. The UV lamp was assumed to be on for double the time in higher turbidity (>10 NTU) to account for the increased retention time in water with less UV light transmittance. The extended residence time was also accounted for in the unit's electricity demand.