The NFC potentiostat used in this study was the SIC4341 ( Potentiometric sensor interface chip with NFC type2) from Silicon Craft Technology PLC., Thailand. This potentiostat was integrated with a Redmi Note 10S smartphone (Xiaomi) running the Android operating system. Detailed technical information, diagram of the printed circuit board ( PCB) , and the actual experimental setup can be found in Table and Fig. , respectively. To control the NFC potentiostat and electrochemical parameters, to perform real-time data acquisition, process data, and present electrochemical results, we used the Chemister application (NFC eco for cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry) . The complete operative scheme relative to the combination NFC potentiostat-Android smartphone is presented in Fig. . The parameter setting of the NFC potentiostat was identical to that used in a PalmSens4 potentiostat. Raw data were exported as a text file and subsequent data analysis, including plotting using Microsoft Excel and the evaluation of peak height and integrated peak area, was performed using Origin Pro.