To perform CV and DLCP measurements, 100 nm of TiO2 and Al layers were deposited onto the Sb2Se3 surface, respectively. Standard CV and DLCP measurements were conducted using a potentiostat (Biologic SP-200) in a two-electrode configuration under dark condition at room temperature. For the standard CV measurements, a DC bias was scanned from -0.5 V to 1 V with an AC amplitude of 20 mV. The DLCP measurements were conducted with an AC amplitude ranging from 20 mV to 120 mV and a DC bias range of -0.2 V to 0.5 V. For each AC bias, an additional offset DC voltage was applied to maintain a constant maximum forward bias. An AC frequency of 10 kHz was applied to extract the carrier density in both CV and DLCP measurements. The carrier density from the CV measurement (NCV) can be extracted by the following equation: