These methods are trajectory-based schemes of varying complexity and accuracy in the sense that the nuclear (and in some cases photonic) distribution is now composed of an ensemble of trajectories in order to compute observables over the entire nuclear (and/or photonic) initial distribution as ensemble averages. Further, usually the trajectories are taken to be completely independent of one another, aside from the initial nuclear distribution, with some recent exceptions of the coupled-trajectory approaches and quasi-coupled trajectories approaches stemming from the exact factorization scheme. Two schemes exist for applying the MQC approach: (I) treating the nuclear and photon DOFs classically or (II)