Osteoblast and osteoclast dynamics are included in almost every spatiotemporal and temporal model, whereas osteocyte dynamics are less commonly modeled (Table vs. Tables ). This is probably due to early assumptions about inert osteocytes, as described in Section 2.2. However, after osteocytes were found to play a mechanosensory role in bone remodeling, mathematical models began to include them when investigating mechanical effects on bone. For example, is the earliest model with osteocytes, and the model includes mechanical stress. introduces osteocyte regulation and, similar to , defines autocrine and paracrine regulation mechanisms with more biologically accurate formulas, exploring four different receptor-ligand binding equations (Michaelis-Menten, Hill, Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer, and Monod-Wyman-Changeux) through stability analysis, ultimately concluding that the simpler Michaelis-Menten and Hill equations are most useful-consistent with models that adopt mass action kinetics approach. Osteocytes are also typically included in mechano-chemo-biological models . Other models with osteocytes aim to understand the effect of sclerostin, a product of osteocytes, on Wnt activation . Although spatiotemporal and temporal models are remarkably similar in how often and which bone cells they explicitly model, they differ substantially in the number and combinations of signaling molecules modeled. Spatiotemporal models are discussed distinctly in Section 5.1.