Given the persistence of TFA, exposure to TFA should be considered chronic and life-long for all species. However, chronic studies are still relatively scarce, with chronic data from standardized tests being limited in time of exposure to, for example, 35 days in fish, 21 days in Daphnia, 90 days in rats, or 36 days in crop plants (Table , SI), which are insufficient in their extrapolation to potential impacts from lifetime exposure to TFA. Hence, none of the current studies considered actual long-term exposure to TFA, which would be more relevant given its ubiquitous and increasing presence over long time scales.