Moreover, more contact angle reduction was observed after incubation of SOS-Bdpy1 and SOS-Bdpy2 in GSH aqueous solution (SOS-Bdpy1-GSH and SOS-Bdpy2-GSH), which were measured 54°±3° and 51°±2°, respectively, indicating more hydrophilicity of both surfaces after reacting GSH with Bdpy1 and Bdpy2 conjugated to the surface. In contrast, SOS surface, which does not have azide linker on its surface, showed minimal contact angle changes in the presence of Bdpy1 and Bdpy2 solutions, indicating adsorption is negligible.