Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) has also gained attention for its ability to enhance the release of dye molecules from plant materials. reported that UAE improved the extraction efficiency of natural dyes from various plant sources. The ultrasonic waves disrupt plant cell walls, facilitating the release of dye compounds and increasing the overall yield . UAE is noted for its reduced extraction time and lower solvent usage, making it a more sustainable option. However, the initial investment in ultrasound equipment can be high, and the method's scalability remains a concern.