In re-im CV, the real, 𝒁 exp,re , and imaginary, 𝒁 exp,im , parts of the experimental impedance vector defined in Section 2.1.1.1 can be used separately to determine two values of 𝒙, called 𝒙 re and 𝒙 im , respectively . In the re-im CV approach, the following sum of squared errors of 𝒁 exp,re and