the emeraldine base and the emeraldine salt. The salt form which is doped with acid and the imine's nitrogen is protonated is highly conductive. The structure of the polyaniline layer can be converted between oxidation states during electrodeposition by using potentiodynamic cycling. Chen et al. 111 also produced the benzoquinone biproduct due to their potential range which induced inductive behaviour in the electrical circuit. reported an electrochemical immunosensor for hepatitis E virus detection, which was constructed on an electropolymerized PANI matrix.