The medium was preheated to 37 °C prior to use in the dissolution experiment. The measurement was initiated by adding an excess of drug to the vials followed by 15 mL of preheated FaSSIF. A dose of 400 μg mL -1 of celecoxib was selected based on the recommended minimum dosage for rheumatoid arthritis and the intestinal fluid volume. Vials containing crystalline and amorphous celecoxib, and ASD (30 wt% drug load) were stirred using cross-bar magnetic stirrers at a speed of 200 rpm, whereas the vials with SPION containing powders were shaken at 300 rpm to avoid interaction with the magnetic stir bar. All samples were maintained at 37 ± 1 °C and analyzed at 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min with the UV-probes. Each experiment was run in triplicates except the AMF-exposed SPION containing tablets, which were run in duplicates. The second derivative spectra were used to determine the concentration of celecoxib in the medium over time. Maximum drug concentration (Cmax) and time to reach Cmax (tmax) were obtained by non-compartmental analysis the in vitro dissolution data. A One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used to compare the Cmax of various formulations. Data analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9.0 software (La Jolla, CA, USA). p values were calculated as 0.1234 (ns), 0.