Fig. .c displays the modified MSN and unmodified MSN FT-IR spectra. Notably, the unpurified MCM-41 exhibits characteristic peaks at 2924 cm⁻¹, 2854 cm⁻¹ for C-H stretching, and 1491 cm⁻¹ for C-H deformation, signifying the CTAB molecule's presence. These peaks vanish in the purified sample, confirming the removal of CTAB (Fig. .c.). Furthermore, strong absorption bands at 1086.69 cm⁻¹ and 962.3 cm⁻¹ are observed for MCM-41, primarily attributed to Si-O-Si bridges' stretching and asymmetric stretching, and skeletal C-O bond vibrations, respectively, as documented in. The characteristic peak confirmed the presence of NH2 groups bound to the surface of MCM-41 at 1559.2 cm⁻¹, corresponding to the amide I stretching vibration and -NH2 bending. Following the introduction of succinic anhydride, a new peak emerged at 1718 cm⁻¹, signifying the successful incorporation of carboxyl groups (derived from succinic anhydride) onto the surface, as evidenced by the carboxylic acid carbonyl stretch (C=O). Finally, the reduction in stretching observed at 3396 cm⁻¹ indicated the presence of dextran molecules. Overall, the FT-IR analysis effectively verifies the presence and successful removal of CTAB and provides key structural information about the MCM-41 and the coupled materials. demonstrating a clear charge reversal. Further characterization at various pH values revealed that the protonation of amine groups on MCM-Z led to a positive zeta potential of +33.4 ± 1 mV around pH 5.0. These results offer clear evidence for the successful synthesis and distinct surface properties of MCM-Z. The zeta potential of MCM-ZD decreased with increasing pH, reaching a point of zero charge (PZC) of around 6.5. Further increase in pH caused a further reduced zeta potential at pH 7.5 to -24 ± 0.9 mV, likely due to carboxylate groups the formation. Zeta potential measurements at different pH values also characterized the charge reversal of MCM-ZD. The nanoparticle surface charge was positive at low pH due to amine group protonations (+21.5 mV zeta potential at pH 5.0). As the pH increased, the surface charge became neutral at the PZC of around 6.5. Further increase in pH caused a negative surface charge as a result of carboxylate group formation (-24 mV zeta potential at pH 7.5). Overall, Zeta potential measurements confirm the successful synthesis of MCM-Z, which exhibits unique surface properties due to the presence of both amine and carboxylic acid groups. Depending on pH, these groups cause reversible changes in surface charge, potentially impacting applications involving interactions with other molecules. It's vital to note that the specific values of zeta potential and point of zero charge may vary slightly depending on the exact synthesis conditions.