Cost and Accessibility: Biomarker testing may involve costs, including laboratory testing fees and specialized equipment. The availability and accessibility of biomarker tests can be limited, particularly in resourcelimited settings, which may impact widespread adoption and equitable access to early cancer diagnosis. Prognostic Indicators: Some biomarkers can provide valuable prognostic information, helping to predict disease progression and overall patient prognosis. This information can guide treatment decisions and assist in patient counselling and support.