The present study demonstrated that non-equilibrium chemical reactions could control DNA droplet dynamics such as droplet division. In future, the control of chemical reactions via the physical dynamics of DNA droplets should be explored. Such bidirectional control over more complex dynamics can help build artificial cells with more living cell-like functions, such as biochemical reactions controlled by the condensates of transcriptional factors and cell/organelle behaviors controlled by transcripts . Moreover, enzymatic reactions regulated by synthetic protein-based coacervates 60 can be combined with our DNA-based droplet system. We believe that this technology provides a new strategy to create artificial cells and molecular robots with more sophisticated functions, such as timing-controlled self-replication, drug delivery, and diagnosis, with more accuracy and quantitative specifications.