The redox activity of small molecules is critical for controlling multiple pathological features of AD, including free radicals, metal-free Ab, and metal-Ab. In particular, redox properties of small molecules are connected with their antioxidant ability. Thus, the redox potentials of 1-6 were first computed following the previously reported density-functional theory (DFT) calculation. It should be noted that the electrochemical determination of flavonoids is very challenging due to their instability and limited solubility in aqueous media and organic solvents. As illustrated in Fig. , the calculated redox potentials were varied with the number and position of electron-donating hydroxyl groups on the A ring. Based on the position of hydroxyl groups on the A ring shown in 1-3, their E° values vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) were ranged from 1.440-1.534 V. In detail, the incorporation of two hydroxyl substituents ortho-positioned at either C6/C7 (2) or C5/C6