Solvatochromism, where the absorption and emission spectra of a chromophore change from gas-phase to solution and from one solvent to another, is a well-known phenomena experimentally. It is a significant factor to consider in the design of organic solar cell materials, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, photoacoustic imaging probes, and other functional organic dyes. Theoretically, it is common to ascribe the spectral changes to various types of chromophore-solvent interactions, especially electrostatics, polarization, and charge-transfer. Computationally, these interactions are described -to a varying degree (as detailed below and in the Appendices) -with continuum solvent models, combined quantum mechanical molecular mechanical (QM/MM) models, and various quantum embedding schemes. In terms of the electrostatics, solvent atoms (both nuclei and electron density) interact Coulombically with the ground-and excitedstate electron density of the chromophore, ρ ref m (r), and the nuclei at their reference environment (such as gas-phase). The polarization effects include (a) the "forward" (i.e. solvent→chromophore) polarization, where solvent charges polarize the chromophore molecular orbitals, ψ ref i (r) + δ ψ i (r), and the ground-and excited-state electron density, ρ ref m (r) + δ ρ m (r), and (b) the "backward" (i.e. chromophore→solvent) polarization, where the chromophore polarizes the solvent electronic structure. As summarized in Appendices A and B, these electrostatic and polarization interactions are captured, implicitly or explicitly, by continuum solvent models and QM/MM models.