A series of Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were performed to compare students' involvement with research at pre-test and post-test measures in the primary cohort. This analysis (Table ) demonstrated that students' incorporation of omics data in their research significantly increased between the beginning and end of the course. More students engaged in research that was dependent on understanding omics data analysis (z= -5.38, p < .001, r =0.57), and the size of this effect was large. Further, more students were actively generating omics data by the end of the course (z = -5.43, p < .001, r =0.61), and the size of this effect was large.