Typically 200 scans were used for each measurement. The same carbon rod and Ag/AgCl were used as counter and reference electrodes, though a carbon cloth was used instead as a working electrode as it was more durable. The Cu3Al2OF10-loaded working electrode was pressed close to the ATR-IR crystal to generate a thin electrolyte layer between so the reaction products as well as intermediates could be measured through IR as a function of applied potential.