(2) HBCC can operate under relatively moderate pressures and temperatures, making it more energy-efficient compared to absorption processes that need harsher conditions . In HBCC, regenerating CO 2 is cost-effective and energy-efficient, as it can be achieved with low-temperature waste or environmental heat . (4) Utilizing primarily water as both the capture and the storage medium, HBCC can be considered one of the most environmentally friendly processes .