The THF-coordinated analog of complex 9, identified as complex 14 (Figure ) in MALDI-TOF analysis, initiates a new cycle in the cascade process, aiding the formation of long-chain organics. It uses formaldehyde as a building block, leading to the formation of complexes 15, 16, and 17. The THF coordination in complexes 14-17 is specific to the experimental conditions, as these were conducted in THF. In the absence of THF, complex 9 is expected to directly coordinate with formaldehyde.