Thraustochytrid oil can be used a feedstock for various industrial applications, such as biodiesel production, nutrition supplements, and aquaculture feed. The heterotrophic thraustochytrids offer various advantages when compared to plants and photoautotrophic algae sources, which include controlled fermentation, utilization of different nutrient sources, and limited land use. The result is a more sustainable option for triglyceride production with high biomass and lipid accumulation. Thraustochytrids can grow on a variety of carbon sources, including glucose, glycerol, other sugars, agricultural residues, and waste products, which is a further feature with regards to sustainability. In this study, glycerol was used a carbon source as it helps in the accumulation of more lipids in the cell bodies of thraustochytrids. High biomass (28 g/L) was obtained upon using glycerol as carbon source. The lipid content in the biomass was found to be 50% of the dry weight, which is consistent with previous studies. The main objective of this study was to produce single cell oil rich in triglycerides and polyunsaturated fatty acids and then develop a novel downstream processing method involving the direct reaction of the algae oils with sulfur. The aim was to have the sulfur react with the unsaturated triglycerides, 8, 9, 17 forming a polymer in a process analogous to the inverse vulcanization reaction. This route to sulfur-triglyceride copolymers would be complementary to other approaches such as the copolymerization of sulfur and algae-derived monomers such as triterpene botryococcene. Furthermore, many applications of these polymers in environmental remediation, energy storage, 17 slow-release fertilizers, composite synthesis, and insulation are already established, so establishing another sustainable route to these macromolecules is important. Finally, it was anticipated that any saturated algae oil could be recovered in an enriched form after the reaction with sulfur. Such triglycerides with high levels of saturation are common precursors to biodiesel.