Tran, N.B.T., et al. utilised simple hydrothermal procedures to produce a magnetic NC called Fe3O4/zeolite NaA (Fe3O4/ZA), Fe3O4 NPs and zeolite NaA. This NC helps remove MB from the aqueous solution through adsorption. The adsorption mechanism of MB molecules on the Fe3O4/ZA is the result of the interaction between the active sites on the surfaces and edges of inversion spinel ferrite Fe3O4 NPs and zeolite NaA with MB molecules. This method provides a simple, effective, and scalable process to synthesise the magnetic Fe3O4/ZA NC, which can be used as an inexpensive adsorbent for wastewater treatment. In a study by Raghavendra, N. et al., CoFe2O4 and clay/CoFe2O4 were effectively produced and analysed. Results showed that the combination of clay and CoFe2O4 is a promising material for detecting heavy metals in industrial wastewater treatments using various chemicals and biosensors. This can aid in environmental remediation efforts. Magnetic composite photocatalysts (Ag2O/MFe2O4) were developed using three magnetic carriers, namely ZnFe2O4, CoFe2O4, and NiFe2O4. The amount of silver utilised was reduced, which improved the separation efficiency and lowered the operational cost for practical applications. The outcomes of the study demonstrate the excellent photocatalytic performance and superior magnetic recovery rate of the developed three magnetic composite photocatalysts. These composites can photodegrade common organic contaminants such as MO, MB, RhB, and phenol. However, evaluating the silver content, photocatalytic activity and stability, and magnetic recovery rate following recycling testing shows that Ag2O/ZnFe2O4 (60%) is the best composite. Zhang used the hydrothermal (ZFO-H) and citrate sol-gel (ZFO-C) methods, to produce the zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4, ZFO) catalysts. This study compares the effectiveness of catalysts and noncatalytic ozonation in the oxidation of contaminants and phenol in biologically treated coking wastewater (BTCW), as well as to assess the kinetics of the ozonation reaction. Table . Spinel ferrite with composite-based materials produced by various methods is used to treat wastewater. ZVAl is a promising substance for removing heavy metals since it is a cost-effective addition with great reducibility. However, thick surface oxide layers reduce ZVAl's reactivity. Li et al. developed mZVAl/MFe2O4 composites (M = Mn, Zn, Ni) using a simple ball milling procedure, and they verified their successful adsorption-reduction capability for the removal of Cr (VI). The oxide coating was removed, and the lattice spacing of mZVAl increased due to ball milling with MFe2O4, according to direct spectroscopic investigations and density functional theory calculations. The improvement in Cr (VI) removal was primarily due to ZVAl's improved adsorption and reduction capabilities following ball milling. To remove heavy metals from wastewater, a new route for the synthesis of reductive materials is presented in this study. The catalytic degradation of NPX in water was carried out using a unique magnetically recoverable CoFe2O4@MXene nanohybrid with a multilayer structure and accordion-like morphology. This hybrid was created by Fayyaz et al. using a liquid self-assembly approach. Overall, it was demonstrated that the CoFe2O4@MXene could function as a nanohybrid catalyst for the NPX in an aqueous media and other organic pollutants. It was shown that the CoFe2O4@MXene could act as a nanohybrid catalyst for the NPX in an aqueous environment to be degraded. Magnetic adsorbents are produced using a simple hydrothermal procedure including CoFe2O4 and GO. CoFe2O4/GO composites are utilised to extract MB, RhB, and MO. This study provides a thorough insight into the mechanism of adsorption in CoFe2O4/GO composites. It proposes a novel design strategy for employing GO-based composites as magnetic adsorbents to remove wastewater pigments. Mandal, et al. used soft chemical methods to create zinc ferrite magnetic NPs. In the presence of trace amounts of H2O2, the zinc ferrite spinel, in its natural and calcined forms, exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity to break down the azo dye Acid Blue 113. After several operation cycles, the catalyst maintained its initial action, demonstrating a natural photocatalytic reaction. The antibacterial activity of zinc ferrite NPs was shown to be effective against both gram-positive and gramnegative bacterial strains. CoFe2O4 NPs were synthesized by the coprecipitation technique. were used to initiate the oxidizing agent PMS in the breakdown of the antibiotic ampicillin. The analysis revealed that the NPs have a cubic spinel structure and a crystallite size of 10.10 nm. The study investigated the impact of several parameters of operation, including pH, PMS concentration, presence or absence of catalyst, and length of time, on the degradation of ampicillin. Under conditions of neutral pH, 90.1% of the ampicillin completed degradation over a 25-minute duration when exposed to a catalyst concentration of 0.1 g/L and a PMS concentration of 0.2 mM. The study involved the fabrication of heterogeneous Fenton catalysts using a new core-shell modified NiFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic catalyst. The study looked at how dispersants, precipitants, and hydrothermal temperatures affected the structure, surface morphology, magnetism, and catalytic activity of magnetic nanoparticle catalysts before and after coating with SiO2. The catalytic activity of the materials was assessed utilising the RhB degradation detection analysis. ZnO and ZnFe2O4 were synthesised by Latif, et al. using a co-precipitation procedure, and they were then evaluated using various analytical methods. In contrast to ZnO, which destroyed only 48.9% of the drug in the photocatalytic study against diclofenac sodium, ZnFe2O4 had a greater degradation efficiency of 61.4% in just 120 mins. Additionally, zinc ferrite demonstrated good recyclability and remained stable after five photodegradation cycles with only a slight (3.9% loss) in photocatalytic activity. According to a study of two catalysts, ZnFe2O4 has a promising role in wastewater cleanup to get rid of dangerous pharmaceuticals. Ntiamoah, et al. successfully showed, for the first time, that the synthesis of 1-D ZnO-ZnFe2O4 nanofiber at its original position leads to a strong contact at the interface and a well-suited heterojunction for the chemisorption of CR. As a result, 1-D ZnO-ZnFe2O4 has the highest recorded adsorption capacity for ZnFe2O4-based adsorbent, at 263 mg/g. Additionally, even after multiple uses, the used adsorbent is easily regenerable and retains 75% of its adsorption capability. The recent findings offer a method for creating inexpensive but efficient ZnO-ZnFe2O4-based adsorbents to eliminate harmful dyes. Al-Najar et al. have described a simple yet highly efficient thermal annealing method for controlling defects related to oxygen vacancies in ZnFe2O4 NPs. This method enhances the efficacy of the NPs in wastewater treatment. The photocatalytic performances of each sample were evaluated, and the ZnFe2O4 samples subjected to annealing at 500°C exhibited the highest photocatalytic efficiencies. Under conditions of high salinity, this particular sample's organic dye breakdown efficiency remained the highest. ZnFe2O4 samples possess remarkable dye degradation capabilities as a result of the high concentration of oxygen vacancies within their crystal lattice. This leads to a significant reduction in the recombination rate during the photocatalytic process. In their study, Shah et al. utilised the co-precipitation method to generate NiFe2O4 while also creating composites of NiFe2O4 and TiO2 with varying concentrations of TiO2. The primary benefit of these composites lies in their enhanced ability to absorb visible light and effectively separate electron-hole pairs, which is attributed to the various energy band positions in NiFe2O4 and TiO2. The findings of our study indicate that NCs based on NiFe2O4 can serve as a highly efficient photocatalyst that can be easily recovered using magnetic attraction. 6. Applications