The development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts is of significant interest in regenerative medicine and holds promise for addressing various cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this work was to create a hierarchical vascular graft that encompasses distinct layers resembling the tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica intima of a natural artery. To create a vascular graft that closely mimics the structure and function of a native muscular artery, a three-layered tubular structure with a 5 mm inner diameter and 1 mm wall thickness was fabricated. The fabrication started from the second layer (tunica media), which was intended to be the main structural layer responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the vascular graft similar to natural tissue. To achieve this, 3D printing was employed as a precise and versatile method for building complex and customizable geometries. Then, the outer layer (tunica externa), which was designed to be a connective fibrous tissue that provides structural support and enables the ingrowth of capillaries .