The purpose of including these examples of forms of data is to show that both can be useful! Processed data, in the form of visualisable figures and tables are particularly helpful for the type of perception of complex concepts that humans traditionally excel at. Primary data are useful for access to alternative forms of visualisation, for re-use in a context diYerent to that presented in the body of the article or by application of alternative models to those presented by the original authors, such as might be derived by ML/AI methods. The journal experiment noted above 2 combined these by accessing the primary data (molecular coordinates) and converting this on the fly to a pop-up visual representation for humans (an interactive 3D model). Even at the simplest level, access to primary data might allow replication of the results quoted in the original article. In the article cited 10 such replication was not always possible because of lack of such primary data associated with the original report. 15