DECIMER Image Classifier and DECIMER Image Transformer have been developed and combined with DECIMER Segmentation to achieve a comprehensive workflow for the automated extraction and interpretation of chemical structures in the scientific literature (Figure ). The complete workflow combining all these components is available as a web application with a user interface . DECIMER Image Transformer yields the highest percentage of correct predictions as well as the highest average molecular (Tanimoto) similarities out of all tested tools in our benchmarks (Figure ). For chemical structure depictions, DECIMER Image Classifier is the first openly available classification system and DECIMER Segmentation is the only openly available segmentation application. The DECIMER web application is the only open-source system that combines these functions in a comprehensive chemical data extraction system.