high-throughput workflows. Further, the Stokes shift for rigid molecules should be small, on the order of 0.1 eV. From now on, for concision, the vertical excitation energy will be referred to as the excitation energy or excited state energy. xTB and sTDA can be combined in a workflow called xTB-sTDA, allowing ultrafast computation of excited states. This has been used extensively, with several studies using the method to screen large databases of materials such as copolymers, conjugated polymers, small aromatic molecules, photocatalysts, and organic dyes. However, due to the approximations presented above, there is a tradeoff between accuracy and computational speed. In Grimme and Bannwarth's original paper introducing xTB-sTDA, they reported a mean absolute error (MAE) between xTB-sTDA and coupled-cluster/TD-DFT calculated excited state energies of 0.34 to 0.48 eV, depending on the complexity of the input structure. Even though xTB-sTDA is often used as a first-pass in high-throughput screening, with higherquality computational methods used to evaluate properties of a screened subset of molecules, having an accurate first-pass method is essential to ensure all suitable candidates are included in the suggested subset.