High levels of nitrogen and phosphorus characterize agricultural runoff. These elements are known to inhibit the activity of certain enzymes in the soil. Thus, the investigation of BNNS-Arg@Lac performance in a more complex reaction system is important for its practical deployment. As illustrated in Figure , BNNS-Arg@Lac still maintained superior ATR degradation performance compared to nlaccase. Yet, ATR degradation was still inevitably reduced, possibly due to the inhibitory effects of complex components on laccase activities.