Additionally, MZF-BC exhibits promising reusability, retaining over 70% of its adsorption capacity after five regeneration cycles. In a study by Ahmed et al., flash auto combustion was employed to synthesize single-phase spinel nanoferrites containing rare earth elements (Sm, Pr, Ce, and La). These nanoferrites exhibited potential for colored wastewater treatment. Notably, lanthanum (La)-doped ferrites demonstrated the highest dye removal efficiency (92%), followed by praseodymium (Pr) at 85%. Conversely, ferrites doped with Sm) and Ce exhibited lower efficiencies (80% and 72%, respectively). Doping ferrites with La and Pr resulted in the formation of nanowires, leading to improved conductivity. This discovery represents a major leap forward in utilizing nanomaterials for wastewater treatment applications. A study explored the potential of cadmium (Cd) and cobalt (Co) doped zinc ferrites for wastewater treatment applications. These catalysts were synthesized using a simple sol-gel method. Their photocatalytic activity was evaluated by measuring the degradation of MO dye in the presence of visible light. The research identified a specific composition (Cd0.75Zn0.25Co0.25Fe1.75O4) that exhibited the highest degradation rate (82%) in 2 hours of visible light irradiation. This superior performance is likely due to the presence of favourable atomic arrangements within the material's structure and its ability to minimize the recombination of electrons and holes, which can hinder photocatalytic activity.