During all PN syntheses, the chrono-amperograms show a dynamic non-linear behavior (Figure ). Initially, a rapid increase in current density was observed for pure PN, lasting about 50 s. The rapid initial increase in current density can be attributed to the fast reaction kinetics of the polymerization of multiple polymer chains . The increase was followed by a decrease in current density over approximately 170 s due to the growth of longer polymer chains and fast consumption of aniline in the diffusion layer, leading to a mass transport limitation. With an increase in the chain length, the polymerization's reaction kinetics decrease leading preventing mass transport limitation, resulting in a steady increase in current density until the end of the polymerization . A similar trend was observed during the PN polymerisation in the presence of ZnO, Fe2O3, and ZnFe2O4 metal oxide particles .