shown in Figure and, the atom features of atom A adopt a larger SHAP% value for predicting E f compared to E g , indicating their greater significance in determining E f than E g . Among these atom features of atom A, the covalent radius (r A ) is the most dominant. This selection aligns with Goldschmidt tolerance factor , which has been proposed to predict the stability of the perovskite structures. In fact, the perovskite crystal structure comprises a network of corner-sharing BX 6 octahedra surrounding the larger A-site cation, where r A > r B by definition. The sublattice containing atom A, coordinated with 12 X anions, serves to stabilize the perovskite structure by forming a lattice that holds these BX 6 octahedra. Considering the role of A sublattice and r A > r B , r A can indicate the distances between neighboring atoms, influencing the determination of lattice parameter and the stability of the structure. In addition to r A , other crucial features for determining E f include the group number and electronegativity (χ) of ions B and X, which directly correlate with the element's valence electron count and its electron-attracting propensity in chemical bonds, significantly shaping material bonding behavior.