Finally, we will describe how to implement the BDS in a Python script. In this study, we employ the 2D simulations in the BDS. This approach is justified by the fact that the sample chamber thickness in the FEM simulation is 8 μm, which is sufficiently thin; natural convection effects are negligible and thus a 2D simulation is a valid approximation. Additionally, the fact that differences in particle behavior along the z-direction were not observed in experiments described in subsequent sections supports the validity of the 2D simulation. In the 2D simulations, it should be noted that the temperature profiles are computed in 3D in FEM simulation. Therefore, the temperature fields of the 3D-FEM data at z = 0, which corresponds to the middle plane of the sample chamber in the direction normal to the glass substrates (see Fig. ), are used to approximate the 2D temperature profiles in the BDS. In the Python script, the temperature and temperature gradient at arbitrary positions were obtained by first-order interpolation using these 2D temperature profiles.