Resolving the mechanism requires in situ techniques with chemical and structural sensitivity for all involved species in the nanoporous carbon. In situ Raman spectroscopy probes species in electrochemical cells and is sensitive to polyiodides (I3 -, I5 -) . In situ small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) is sensitive to concentration changes and structural arrangements of molecules and ions in the nanoporous system . Given the high scattering power of all iodine species (I -, I3 -, I5 -, I2), in situ SAXS/WAXS data should provide rich kinetic and structural information. However, the complexity induced by the multiphase character of these systems makes the SAXS data analysis highly challenging .