• Ensuring the stability of nanomaterial-based sensors in a harsh environment. This is especially true in the context of biosensors/sensors used for biomedical applications wherein stability has to be tempered with compatibility. • Integrating nanosensors into devices and instruments poses several challenges such as miniaturization and packaging, interfacing with electronics while minimizing noise and signal interference, designing power-efficient circuits, and efficient calibration and maintenance. • Enhancing real-time monitoring capabilities of nanosensors for timely response against disease or sensing changes in environment. • Balancing nanosensor cost vs the materials used for their fabrication to make them an economically viable option. • Ensuring standardization of nanosensor devices for reproducible results.