Unlike PDMS and glass, where surface hydroxylation via oxygen plasma treatment, ultravioletozone (UVO) treatment, or corona discharge method is the main bonding technique, use of such systems for thermoplastic polymers usually lead to very weak bonding. Moreover, exposure of thermoplastic to UV, ozone or oxygen plasma could produce cytotoxic by-products such as hydrogen peroxide which is troublesome for many biomedical applications and cell studies . The most commonly reported techniques to irreversibly bond thermoplastic polymers together and form enclosed microfluidic devices include thermal fusion bonding , solvent bonding , and chemical bonding 100,101 .