Nanoparticles' size, shape, and surface characteristics are crucial for achieving targeted anticancer activity with minimum complexity. Due to a retention effect and increased vascular permeability, nanoparticles can penetrate tumour cells with ease. Nanoparticles are frequently spherical in shape because of how easily they can be manufactured. By emitting harmless wavelength radiation that is easily absorbed by dangerous stimuli that lead to the creation of reactive oxygen species, iron oxide nanoparticles both directly and indirectly exhibit anticancer activity. ) Antibacterial Property