Once the cells are assembled, the output file of the cell assembly robot can be directly processed using the Inven-tory→Samples tab of the AiiDAlab-Aurora interface, shown in Fig. . The digital twins of the individual cells (i.e. samples) are prepared from this data, and, for now, stored within AiiDAlab. In the future, a direct connection to electronic lab notebooks is planned, which will allow for this information to be fetched. They are pushed into AiiDA at the workflow submission stage, see below. As the assembly robot contains a balance, the masses of the anode and cathode in each individual cell are known, and the nominal cell capacity (denoted "C Nominal" in Fig. ) can be recorded alongside the "recipe" capacity (1.54 mAh). In principle, this nominal cell capacity can be used to determine the charge and discharge rates, which may be especially important in cells with a large variation in electrode mass. However, in the current work, we use the "recipe" cell capacity to set the charge and discharge rates. The electrode masses are well behaved (with mean masses of 28.12(19) mg and 18.05(33) mg for the cathodes and anodes of the first batch (230511), and 28.05( ) mg and 17.86(37) mg for the cathodes and anodes of the second batch (231012), respectively). For an overview of the individual electrode masses of the assembled cells, see the ESI.