In the context of tableting, phase transformations are induced through the exertion of an axial pressure on the powder which causes both normal and shear stresses. The shear stress is imparted by the friction between tablet surfaces and die wall and punches, which results in density gradients of the final tablet with denser regions closer to the surface. Variables such as excipients, lubrication method, and compression conditions, e.g. pressure and dwell time, can all be explored to mitigate changes to the API solid form during this process. Once a tablet is formed there are limited methods by which these tablets can be analyzed at the crystal structure level. Phase transitions during compaction have required the break-up of the tablet and/or trituration of the powders and subsequent X-ray powder diffraction analysis to be able to observe the changes in the samples. Thakral et al. were able to reduce the sample preparation by cutting open the tablet and conducting 2D X-ray diffraction to map the changes across the tablet and spatially resolve polymorphic forms. This method still requires the need for sample preparation where changes to the product can occur leading to an uncertainty over the impact of the compaction process versus the subsequent treatment of the sample. X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray-CT) is a method that has been used as a non-destructive analytical tool to investigate a wide range of research questions associated with pharmaceutical dosage forms. Using the variation in density, pressure gradient, coatings, brittleness of components and agglomerates from crystallization, the components of a dosage form can be spatially resolved. Interesting work evaluating the particle shape and how that can be utilized in X-ray-CT to spatially resolve polymorphs in a sample has been conducted and shown to 99% accuracy for clopidogrel bisulphate in a Plasdone S630 (N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl acetate) capsule. Several studies have explored the use of X-ray-CT to evaluate the impact of typical processes such as compaction and dissolution. Specific to this paper, Fu et al. used glass beads as tracers to evaluate the way in which a powder was compressed in a tablet die with force applied from a single direction. Using X-ray-CT the authors were able to follow the trajectory of glass tracer particles due to the difference in density with the sugar spheres that made the bulk of the tablet and enabled the visualization of the compression pattern. This study revealed that the distribution of compaction force was not uniform and that there was significant movement of powder on the side of the movable piston and interestingly virtually no movement around the base. While these detailed studies have demonstrated that X-ray-CT is a powerful tool for visualization, they require a contrast in the density of the solids or particle morphology to be able to resolve the solid mixtures, which is an issue in organic molecules where the density contrast between polymorphs, or even amorphous content, is very small. Critical to the resolution of this issue is crystallographic information. X-ray Diffraction Computed Tomography (XRD-CT) can provide this chemical and spatially resolved information, enabling the distribution of different components in a sample to be readily identified.