where 𝑤𝑤𝑤𝑤 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐶𝐶,𝑔𝑔 represents the total impact on climate change including LUC emissions for each class 𝑔𝑔 (in kg CO2-eq./ton feed ingredient), which is specified by feed ingredient ℎ, grown in origin country 𝑜𝑜 and transported to the location country 𝑙𝑙 where the NIR spectra were measured. 𝑤𝑤𝐶𝐶 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 represents the climate change characterization factor used to express the emissions in kg CO2-eq. 𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸 𝑆𝑆𝐶𝐶,𝑔𝑔 are the emissions from the supply chain (in ton feed ingredient) for each feed ingredient ℎ, country of origin 𝑜𝑜 and transport to location 𝑙𝑙, belonging to class 𝑔𝑔. The supply chain includes the material and energy requirements for agricultural practices and processing into animal feed ingredient and transport to the measurement location. 𝑅𝑅𝐸𝐸 𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐶𝐶,ℎ,𝑞𝑞 are the land-use change emissions over a period of 30 years, for each feed ingredient ℎ and location in 30x30 arcminute raster 𝑞𝑞. 𝑄𝑄 𝑔𝑔 represents the maximum grid level for class 𝑔𝑔. 𝐟𝐟 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶,𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐶𝐶 is the vector containing the average impact on climate change in kg CO2eq/ton feed ingredient including LUC emissions for each class 𝑔𝑔. 𝐺𝐺 is the total number of classes.