To produce a BES that enabled the growth of nano-electronics in combination with mamilian cells and propigated with 2D feeder electrodes (FEs) and BPEs were designed. Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) ink has been widely characterised for research purposes, and allows for reproducible 3D printing of electrodes. Silver electrochemistry allows for simple reduction and oxidation in deionised water (diH2O), with the application of potential as the driver (Figure ). Previous studies have shown Ag to be suitable for wirelessly growing electronics with cells without perturbations to cell viability. Exemplar electrode patterns are shown in Figure , forming simple BESs. As shown in equation 1 the application of a voltage causes the printed Ag solid to donate an electron, and therefore form an ion in solution. This ion regains an electron and deposits to form wires (process shown in Figure ) and continues to form complete wires from FE to FE.