Western Blot assays were conducted to quantify washout of CV-N from treated SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus samples . The collected flowthroughs of the "CV-N-treated" samples, post-washes after treatment with various concentrations of CV-N, were prepared with Laemmli buffer. The samples along with the ladder and CV-N control were loaded on SDS page gel and run at 200 volts for 30 minutes using 1x MES buffer. The gels were transferred onto PVDF membranes using 1x transfer buffer and then blocked for 30 min using 5% skim milk in 1x Phosphate Buffered Saline with 0.1% Tween-20 (PBST). After blocking, anti-CV-N primary antibody was added in a 1:2000 dilution (diluted in 5% skim milk) and incubated overnight at 4°C in a rocking shaker. The PVDF membranes were then washed 3-4 times with 1x PBST and secondary anti-rabbit IgG-HRP conjugate (Abcam) in a 1:2000 dilution (diluted in 5% skim milk) and incubated at 4°C for 1 hour in a rocking shaker. After secondary antibody incubation, the membranes were washed 3-4 times with 1x PBST and once with 1x PBS before being read using Western Bright ECL kit (Advansta Inc., San Jose, CA) and Syngene G-box (Syngene USA Inc, Frederick, MD). Further analyses were performed on blot images with ImageJ .