A summary was reported for materials and their applications in several fields such as environmental trends e.g., water remediation, air purification, and gas storage; energy e.g., production of hydrogen, dimethyl ether, solar cells, and supercapacitors; and biomedical sectors e.g., sensing/biosensing, cancer therapy, and drug delivery. We can synthesize materials that can be used as efficient adsorbents and catalysts to remove emerging contaminants such as metals, dyes, drugs, antibiotics, pesticides, and oils in water via adsorption. The materials can be also used as catalysts for pollutants degradation, synthesis of new organic compounds, reduction, and oxidation of organic pollutants. They have been applied as filters for air purification by adsorption of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and particulate matter (PMs). They can be used for hydrogen production via water splitting, oxidation of alcohol, and hydrolysis of NaBH4. They can be applied for biomedical applications such as antibacterial, drug delivery, and biosensing.