Combined with advances in computational chemistry to aid in their design, 231 the chemistry of capsules is moving away from serendipitous discoveries towards the targeted design of specific structures as solutions to scientific challenges. Some of these are clearly pertinent for extant problems, such as the highly selective recognition of glucose 120 and extraction of hydrophilic anions from water. Others push the boundaries of what can be achieved from a purely fundamental, curiositydriven perspective, such as the generation of an antiaromatic confined space. The breadth of architectures that fall under the umbrellaterm capsule is enormous, something that has hopefully been demonstrated in this article. As such, when searching for a class of capsule to achieve a certain task, researchers can be guided by system requirements in terms of stability, chemical compatibility, flexibility etc. Another key consideration is often synthetic accessibility, for which there is usually a trade-off with i) stability and ii) structural complexity. Structures formed under thermodynamic control can be assembled from simple building blocks in high yields but are often susceptible to degrading reactions, whilst the synthesis of reduced-symmetry systems and the installation of functional groups can be non-trivial. The essentially infinite diversity of (supra-)molecular capsule structures, however, allows researchers to design systems very specifically to their circumstances.