The liposome suspension was dialyzed against saline overnight at 4 °C. The sizes of the liposomes were measured via DLS using a Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Panalytical, Malvern, UK). For SAXS, the liposome suspension was concentrated to 40 mM using a tangential flow filtration system (KrosFlo KR2i TFF, Repligen). The large multilamellar liposomes were prepared via conventional hydration. POPC was dissolved in ethanol at a concentration of 40 mM in a centrifuge tube. The ethanol was then completely evaporated under a dry N2 stream to form a lipid film, and the centrifuge tube was vacuumed overnight in a desiccator using a rotary pump. After the evaporation of ethanol, an appropriate amount of saline was poured into the tube, followed by mixing using a vortex mixer to yield a 40 mM liposome suspension. The liposome suspension was passed through the polycarbonate membrane filter (pore size: 200 nm) of a Mini-Extruder (Sigma Aldrich). The sizes of the liposomes were also measured using the Zetasizer Nano ZS. The liposome suspensions prepared using the microfluidic device and conventional method were stored at 4 °C in a refrigerator prior to SAXS.