Natural dye extraction methods frequently suffer from variability in yield and dye quality. Factors such as the source and quality of raw materials, seasonal variations, and differences in plant species can lead to inconsistencies in the final product . For instance, enzymatic extraction and UAE may produce high yields under controlled laboratory conditions, but replicating these results on an industrial scale can be challenging due to the heterogeneity of natural sources. This variability can affect the reproducibility and standardization of dyeing processes, making it difficult to achieve consistent color quality in textile products.