Pulse signals have been employed for time-domain EIS acquisition because, under the relaxation assumption, the corresponding voltage has a closed-form expression . However, this time-domain approach has two main limitations. First, it requires an analytical expression for the voltage output , which restricts its applicability to pulses and their linear combinations. Second, the computational complexity of calculating the underlying matrices scales with the number of pulses when working with linear combinations, resulting in significant processing times for complex signals.