The renewable generation of valuable chemicals and fuels is a critical step towards a sustainable and circular life cycle of chemicals. The valorisation of abundant waste resources, such as lignocellulosic biomass and the greenhouse gas CO2 offers great potential to achieve such an ambitious goal. By harnessing the power of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, the conversion of non-edible biomass and CO2 via photo-or electrochemical approaches presents an opportunity to produce sustainable fuels and chemicals. Lignocellulosic biomass such as wood, is abundant and cheap and consists predominantly of three polymeric components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose consist mainly of polysaccharose made from glucose, xylose, mannose and arabinose. Lignin is made of different polymerised aromatic units, and its utilisation remains challenging due to the robustness of its polyaromatic structure, which requires harsh conditions to break down the polymer (e.g., strong acids such as H2SO4). 6, 7 Unlike cellulose, lignin-to-chemical conversion technologies remain scarce. An important linkage in lignin, often found between its aromatic polymeric backbone, is the b-O-4 bond between two phenyl rings, which serves as an ideal target to depolymerise lignin into smaller fragments. Thus, the selective depolymerisation of all lignocellulose components and their subsequent chemical transformation would enable large-scale access to aliphatic and aromatic renewable feedstock chemicals.