The successful application of NPGs and potential applications of ideal 3D graphene materials in supercapacitors, LIBs, and new refrigeration systems are also discussed in this review. Ideal 3D graphene materials will realize otherwise incompatible properties at the same time, namely, high electronic conductivity, ordered nanoporosity, flexibility, and high chemical and electrochemical stability. The achievement of structural regularity of NPGs can produce these features simultaneously, and it is anticipated that such unprecedented carbon materials will have new unexplored applications, including catalyst supports in gas-phase catalysis (for example, CO2 hydrogenation 175 and CH4 activation ) as "hydrophobic analogs" of zeolites. A systematic investigation of tuned pore sizes 122,141 could also be considerably interesting for identifying otherwise hidden scientific aspects for many applications, including catalysis and batteries. Mechanical-force-induced changes in the nanopores of current NPGs (Fig. ) occur nonuniformly because of the uneven structure of current carbon materials. Therefore, continued efforts to create ordered porous graphene materials with uniform hierarchical structures from the micro-to macro-scale will help improve the efficiency of these applications. The combination of innovative synthesis, advanced characterization, and unexplored applications will open a new route for achieving more energy-efficient systems using next-generation NPGs.