Advances in imaging techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), have enabled researchers to visualize and analyze the surface properties and pore structures of organic shales, providing insights into their wettability behavior . These techniques allow for the characterization of shale surfaces at micro-and nanoscales, aiding in the understanding of wettability mechanisms. The wettability characteristics of kerogen have been investigated through various techniques, providing insights into its complex nature . Studies have found that the wettability of kerogen is influenced by factors such as surface roughness, chemical composition, and interactions with minerals present in the rock matrix . One notable finding is that kerogen exhibits mixed wettability, where different regions or surfaces within the kerogen structure can exhibit varying degrees of water-wet or oil-wet behavior . This heterogeneity in wettability can have significant implications for fluid flow within reservoir rocks, affecting the efficiency of hydrocarbon recovery.