The number of chemical structures known to us is expanding exponentially, for example, the number of documented Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) alone has gone from zero to around 7 million in less than 50 years. A similar trend is observed for other chemical families and databases. For example, PubChem currently includes more than 115 million unique structures, and this number is growing. Even though these numbers may seem large, compared to the true size of the chemical space -more than 10 60 for organic structures smaller than 500 Da -these lists cover less than 0.001% of the possible chemical space. Furthermore, even for known structures, <1% of them have been experimentally evaluated for their environmental and biological activity (e.g. toxicity), due to the cost and complexities associated with such measurements. Several studies have shown the negative impact of exposure to chemicals with long-term adverse health outcomes. For example, exposure to PFAS has shown to correlate with the symptoms of autoimmune disease as well as mental health issues. Our current chemical management strategy is mainly based on manual chemical registration and/or experimental measurements of those chemicals in environmental and biological samples. Both approaches are extremely challenging, costly, and inherently passive or at best reactive. Chemical registration takes place only for chemicals with large produc-2 tion volumes at the national or international level (e.g. REACH Regulation). With digitalization, these chemical registries, patents, as well as scientific publications have been mined to gain an approximate idea about the current exposome chemical space. For example, databases such as PubChem or US-EPA CompTox dashboard are constantly updated with new chemicals coming from these mining exercises. This process, even though sophisticated and powerful, is inherently limited to human-made chemicals, thus excluding any products produced via abiotic and biotic transformation and without consideration for any future chemicals.