While generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies, sodium benzoate has been associated with several adverse effects. Some individuals may experience allergic and hypersensitivity reactions, including urticaria and asthma-like symptoms . Under specific conditions and in the presence of ascorbic acid, SB can undergo a reaction that produces the wellknown carcinogen benzene. When using medications that contain both substances or those that contain vitamin C, this reaction becomes much more concerning , this reaction is more likely to occur in acidic environments, such as the stomach. Hyperactivity in children: Some studies have suggested a link between sodium benzoate consumption and increased hyperactivity in children, although this association remains controversial . High doses of SB have been shown to induce oxidative stress in cellular studies, potentially leading to DNA damage . Recent studies suggest that SB may modify the composition of the gut microbiota, potentially affecting digestive health . Additionally, some individuals may experience allergic reactions to SB, manifesting as skin irritation or gastrointestinal discomfort . For individuals with liver disease or impaired liver function, the metabolism and excretion of SB may be compromised, potentially leading to adverse effects .