Dead-end batch membrane separation experiments were performed using a Sterlitech HP4750 high-pressure stirred cell with an active membrane area of 14.6 cm 2 . A feedstock solution of nopinone in mixed methanol-water solvent (95:5 v/v) was prepared at a nopinone concentration of 62 g l -1 . This composition represents the predicted amount of nopinone in the outlet stream of a hypothetical reactor preceding the membrane separation unit in a process model of paracetamol manufacture from bio-waste β-pinene. For each experimental run, a fresh piece of DOW BW30 RO membrane 20 was installed inside the filtration cell. The cell was filled with 100 ml stock solution, placed on a magnetic stirrer plate, shut tightly, and pressurised to 30 bar using high pressure nitrogen to initiate the experimental run. The pressure inside the system was monitored continuously using a pressure gauge connected to the set-up. To reduce the effects of concentration polarisation during cell operation, a stirring bar was rotated above the membrane at 700 rpm. Clear plastic tubes were used to collect the permeate during experimental runs.