Thus far, we have restricted our attention to the radial degrees of freedom of the ion complex, averaging over θ NaCNa and θ CO 3 . The distributions of these angular coordinates in Fig. show that the orientation statistics of the ion complex are sensitive to both the ion-pairing state of the cations and the type of interface it approaches. In the bulk, Figs. and show that, as expected, the carbonate ion shows no preferential orientation (solid traces). This changes significantly near an interface. Carbonate in a CP complex aligns orthogonal to electrode interfaces, regardless of the sign or magnitude of their applied potential. This decrease in the coplanar population may arise due to Coulomb repulsion between the negatively charged O atoms in the anion and the image charge induced by the contact paired cations. When a charge approaches a conductor, it induces an image charge of the opposite sign on the surface of the conductor. As a CP complex approaches the anion is simultaneously attracted to its own image charge and repelled by the image charge of the associated cation. While the coplanar configuration maximizes the attractive interaction between carbonate and it's own image charges it also maximizes the repulsion from the image charge of the sodium cation. This interpretation is supported by the slight increase in the population of coplanar carbonates near an anode. The positively charged electrode repels the cation, decreasing its associated image charge and mitigating the drive away from the coplanar configuration. In contrast, SSP complexes show a much weaker alignment bias, and a bistability between orthogonal and co-planar CO 3 2 -. When the cations are further away from carbonate, the repulsion between the their image charge and the anion's is significantly reduced, decreasing the resulting penalty to the coplanar configuration.