Staphylococcus aureus shows the maximum number of publications followed by Escherichia coli; this is unsurprising as these microorganisms are the most common causes of hospital-associated infections and bacteremia (the presence of bacterial infection in blood) in predisposed populations. MRSA remains a prominent cause of bacteria-related deaths worldwide. Interestingly, all the bacteria from the 'ESKAPEE' list including Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli feature in this list indicating that significant research efforts are being directed towards combatting these bacteria. In terms of the number of publications mentioning specific bacterial diseases or conditions, tuberculosis was the most common bacterial disease found (Figure ). This is consistent with the frequency of indexing of bacterial species, in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most often seen in publications. (Figure ). Urinary tract infections, nosocomial, and respiratory infections have also been frequent subjects of published research (Figure ). Quinolones and fluoroquinolones appear to head the top antibiotic classes, followed closely by tetracyclines and aminoglycosides (Figure ). To understand the co-occurrence of major classes of antibiotics and various bacterial species, we generated a heat map as shown in Figure . Here, relative frequencies of each bacterial species have been calculated within each class of antibiotics and is indicative of the relationship between each antibiotic class and the top species of bacteria. Overall, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have the highest relative frequencies for each major antibiotic class indicating a higher amount of research documents present for these bacteria. Certain classes of antibiotics are selectively effective against Gram-positive or Gram-negative species. For instance, aminoglycosides are documented to be more effective against gram Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa comprising more than 50% of co-occurrences. Similarly, a higher use of polymyxins against Gram-negative bacteria , especially Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae correlates with the literature. On the other hand, lipopeptides and glycopeptide-based antibiotics have higher document frequencies with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. 381 Data analysis for substances in the field of antibacterials for the last decade depicts a steady number over the years. Substance analysis was confined to relevant roles including therapeutic (THU) and pharmacological activity (PAC). Figure represents the growth of substances associated with the antibacterial field in the last decade. In the initial years, the number of substances reported in journal publications was higher than the number reported in patent publications, but the trend reversed between 2018-2020. Interestingly, the number of substances reported in journals and patents is nearly identical in 2022.