Diatoms are marine algae that produce about 40-50% of the marine biomass with a 20-25% contribution to the global primary production via photosynthesis for the entire food web on earth. They also contribute to the atmospheric carbon fixation . Like higher plants, the light-harvesting (LH) process within diatoms is performed by protein-pigment complexes embedded within thylakoid membranes. The major LH complex of the photosystem II (PSII) of diatoms is a fucoxanthin and chlorophyll binding protein (FCP) containing fucoxanthin carotenoids in the place of the xanthophylls present in higher plants . Although the LH complexes of higher plants and diatoms belong to similar protein classes with comparable sequences, their absorption differs substantially due to the presence of different pigment types . The large amount of fucoxanthin carotenoids contained in the FCP complexes enables the absorption of sunlight in the blue-green region, which allows diatoms to perform photosynthesis in a marine environment . Furthermore, the presence of chlorophyll-c (Chl-c) molecules in the diatom FCP complexes, as opposed to the Chl-b present in higher plants, adds towards this goal.