Figures and compare the bending forces under NIR light for the three bimorph actuators. Consistent with the maximum bending angles, the maximum bending force increases from 5 mN for TMC, to 32 mN for TMC-CNF, and to 40 mN for TMC-CNF-Plasma. The inclusion of CNFs enhances the bending force by improving the structural integrity and mechanical strength of the actuator. CNFs provide a reinforcing network that distributes stress more evenly, increasing the actuator's ability to bend and generate force in response to NIR light. The long aspect ratio of the fibrils allows for entanglement which aids in film integrity, similar to entanglement in traditional polymer systems. Additionally, cellulose is known for its large swelling enthalpy, allowing the actuator to generate more energy and respond more efficiently to NIR irradiation. Plasma-ALE treatment further improves the bending force by modifying the surface terminations of TMC, optimizing its mechanical, electrical, and photothermal properties. The introduction of functional groups such as =O and -OH enhances the interaction between the TMC and CNF layers, resulting in improved bonding and stress transfer. Consequently, this modification increases the actuator's overall responsiveness to NIR light, leading to greater bending angles and forces. Furthermore, enhanced conductivity from plasma-enabled ALE treatment contributes to more efficient heat distribution and actuation performance. Modifying surface terminations can also impact phonon dispersion, reducing phonon scattering within the MXenes. This reduction enhances thermal conductivity, allowing for more effective heat dissipation and improving the overall performance of the actuators. 35