The main limitation for the use of boron phosphide is the lack of relatively simple and economical methods of its production, especially, of BP single crystals. The disadvantages of existing methods are the use of toxic and aggressive reagents, complicated technical implementation and high time consumption. Recently, two new methods of boron phosphide synthesis have been developed i.e. self-propagated high-temperature synthesis and mechanochemical synthesis that are characterized by simplicity, high efficiency, low cost and good perspectives for large-scale production. Here we report the results of transmission electron microscopy studies of BP produced by self-propagated high-temperature synthesis.