Porph was performed using CASA-XPS. The absorption spectra of the chosen samples were imported into CASA-XPS as text files. The graph was then plotted, and the x-axis was changed to start with the smallest number near the origin. The region of interest was then selected using the regions tool, and the background setting was changed to 'linear' as this closely represents how the spectra would look without the conjugated molecules. The convoluted peaks in the spectra were then found using the components tab, by adding the components that were thought to be in the region. The components were fitted to the spectra using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm LN (LN-MIE-Gans) fitting. The resulting spectra data was copied to Microsoft Excel before being added to GraphPad Prism 9 for analysis.