Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) encompass a diverse group of carbon-based chemicals that can be found as gases or vapors at ambient temperatures. Although they can originate from natural processes, human activity is assumed to be the major source of VOCs that increasingly penetrate our immediate surroundings. The raising occurrence of VOCs in the environment imposes significant consequences across multiple industrial activities related to the production and/or use of chemicals. In addition, VOC are relevant to odor pollution associated with composting and solid waste management in landfills. The analysis of VOCs also plays an important role in biomedical applications with a strong focus on the analysis of biomarkers that can be noninvasively collected from breath for disease diagnosis. Moreover, VOCs are key players in the food industry through their inevitable role in organoleptic characteristics (aroma and flavor) and the overall sensory perception of alimentary products. For example, it has been demonstrated that VOCs can persist in plastic containers used for food storage, posing complications to their recycling by potentially altering the perception of the contained food quality. Through the past decades, numerous technologies were developed for the analysis of VOCs and Gas Chromatography (GC) evolved to be the key benchmark method. GC is based on the vaporization of the sample and its interaction with a stationary phase for separating the sample components before their subsequent detection. Among these, there can be distinguished several strategies in GC analytical technologies with their intrinsic advantages and limitations. To name a few examples, a Flame Ionization Detector provides means of detection with high sensitivity and over wide concentration ranges, but it leads to destruction of the sample and needs using of flammable gases. Ion Mobility spectrometry does not require preconcentration of the sample and provides high ppm sensitivity, however, it cannot identify the chemical components and is not suitable for real-time measurements. Mass Spectrometry, perhaps the gold standard for GC-based detection of analytes, allows for chemical identification and profiling of analytes with excellent sensitivity (ppb range) and reproducibility. However, it relies on complex instrumentation that needs to be operated by highly qualified personnel and employs time-consuming preconcentration protocols. Altogether, despite the advantages of GC in combination with different detection techniques, the application of GC-based technology for VOC detection is restricted to dedicated laboratories, where the analyzed sample is transported from the tested spot. Despite the advances in miniaturization and the development of portable MS-GC, its application for VOC sensing is still not possible. Different alternatives have been pursued for the development of simpler and yet robust detection platforms. This includes classical photoionization detectors, were the VOCs are ionized and the generated current is employed as a readout. This approach provides a quantitative information, but typically chemical identification of the analyzed compounds is not possible. Electrochemical sensors can also provide quantitative analytical information and can be employed to generate sensor arrays, capable of identifying complex mixtures of VOCs as in the case of aromas profiling. However, specific analyte-substrate design must be conducted to render the sensor with sufficient selectivity for chosen set of species. As a way to circumvent these limitations, spectroscopic techniques can be employed and among these surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been proven to hold a prominent stage in highly sensitive and specific detection of target species. SERS represents a rapidly developing technology area that capitalizes on the establishing of wellcontrolled routes for the preparation of metallic nanostructures with tailored optical properties. SERS is a method providing the means for direct fingerprinting of target molecules with fast detection times, possibility of in-situ and real-time sampling, and facile integration with other complementary detection techniques. The drawback of considering SERS for VOC detection is that the need of the attachment of target analyte to close proximity to SERS-active surface carrying metallic nanostructures. Thus, if the analyte does not chemically react with (typically used noble) metal such as gold or silver, it typically cannot be directly detected and additional strategies need to be employed for its trapping. One approach is to condense the vapor or gas sample to liquid phase that is subsequently contacted with the sensor surface. However, if target species are present in low concentrations, such preconcentration is not sufficient and more efficient means for selective entrapment of analyte at the SERS-active surface is needed. SERS together with milestone events. Full dataset is openly available at a repository. A promising solution lies in the combination of metallic structures with Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). These materials emerged by the end of the '90s and utilize an elegant principle of coordination of metallic centers by a bi-or multidentate ligand. Each of the coordination points interacts with a different metallic unit instead of chelating the initial metal, which then propagates a network of coordinative bonds, creating extended structures. Among the different main classes of MOFs, those crystalline and featuring permanent porosity are of particular interest, given their extraordinarily large surface areas, that can reach values up to almost 8000 m 2 g -1 . Despite their complexity, they can be synthesized by flexible routes in a wide range of conditions (in terms of solvent, concentrations, temperature, etc.). They can be tailored for gas adsorption and separation processes and for catalysis applications, taking advantage of their large surface area and the presence of different metals. In addition, MOFs attracted a great deal of attention in analytical fields related to the important areas of security, safety, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. MOFs are particularly attractive for the preconcentration of low molecular weight analytes in conjunction with novel and highly sensitive transducing mechanisms. In this direction, they can be combined with the metallic nanostructures in order to yield SERS substrates empowered with selective trapping VOC analytes at the surface that is optically probed. The potential of MOFsbased SERS substrates for analytical applications has not gone unnoticed and there is a gradually increasing number of reports on the utilization of MOFs for (bio)sensing applications in the food industry, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics. This review concerns the current state and potential future trends in the analysis of VOCs by the use of SERS in combination with analyte preconcentration enabled by tailored MOF. Both SERS and MOF represent established research fields that have already received enormous attention of scientific community. Interestingly, MOF-based SERS sensors gained momentum only recently, and the curation process of literature search to generate a comprehensive dataset for the literature available (schematized in Figure ) indicate that focus of scientific community is rapidly shifting to this emerging research area. An interesting point can be made from the publications-per-year rate for the different disciplines (not cumulative). Since the first report of SERS nearly 50 years ago and the introduction of MOFs as a field almost 30 years ago, it took (to the best of our knowledge) until 2011 for the first report on MOF-based SERS to be published (interestingly, detecting VOCs). Since then, the scientific community has been pushing forward the field, as it can be seen in Figure with steeply rising number of reported works in the last several years. This review provides short introduction to SERS and the implementation of MOFs to the SERS substrate that is followed by the establishing of figures of merit for characterizing their performance. The relevance of appropriate design and integration of both actors into the final substrate (i.e., MOF and plasmonic components) is also discussed as a pivotal point across the manuscript. Afterwards, distinct sections are dedicated to applications concerning detection of harmful VOCs in industrial and environmental monitoring, analysis of VOC-based biomarkers in medical diagnostics, and potential future applications on sensing of VOCs for aroma and flavor profiling.