The process begins with hydrolysis of (PI)₂TiCl₄ by atmospheric moisture, forming intermediate complex 1, which converts to complex 2 (see Figure ). Under visible light, complex 1 reacts with CO₂, forming organotitanium carbonate complex 10 (illustrated in Figure ), while complex 2 releases hydroxyl radicals, generating Ti +2 complex 3. Complexes 1 and 3 capture atmospheric CO₂ (0.04%), a significant advance for climate change mitigation research.