Combined with the use of modern GPUs, these sampling techniques allow to drastically reduce time to solution in PFFs evalution of PMFs. Although it is difficult to truly quantify the final speedup (i.e. a PMF convergence remains partially system-dependant), one can see in Figure (SI) that if we extrapolate the US convergence, ASUS-GaMD converges 1.4 times faster. Thanks to the native parallelism inherited from AS, the PMF evaluation can be done in one fifth of the simulation time yielding a speedup of 7. If we consider that convergence was already reached with a 25ns per window setup, this factor grows to 14.