Here, T SR is a short-range version of the dipole-interaction tensor, 61 consistent with the idea that short-range correlation will be captured by semilocal DFT leaving only the long-range component for the dispersion model. To that end, and noting that a single, isotropic quantum harmonic oscillator can capture C 6 , 32 the MBD model consists of a 3N atoms -dimensional harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian, with a three-dimensional (but isotropic) oscillator on each atom. Polarizabilities are determined by self-consistent solution of Eq. ( ). Unlike other dispersion-corrected DFT methods described in this section, MBD does not use either of the DFT+D formulas in Eqs. ( ) and ( ). Instead, the correction to conventional DFT emerges as the ground-state energy of the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian, eigenmodes of which provide information about collective or many-body contributions to dispersion. 70,223