Given the limitations of current therapies, stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as a promising alternative for promoting neuroregeneration. Exosomes, which are secreted by various stem cell types, carry molecular cargo capable of influencing inflammation, synaptic plasticity, and tissue repair. Crucially, exosomes can cross the BBB, a key obstacle for most neurotherapeutic agents, allowing for the direct delivery of therapeutic molecules to the CNS.