This review will consolidate existing research on economic, environmental, and social impacts of removing PFAS from various water sources using different water treatment techniques. The main goals of this study are to clarify the current status, future directions, and necessary actions for sustainable PFAS water treatment. The two major specific objectives are (1) to understand how and to what extent previous literature has evaluated sustainability of PFAS treatment technologies and (2) to develop a potential conceptual framework for characterizing the sustainability of PFAS treatment technologies. This review consolidated literature on evaluating the sustainability of PFAS-contaminated water treatment. From a screening of 278 articles, only 10 studies were identified as relevant to the goals of this study.