(1) QW = (𝐴 * 100) / 𝑛) + ((𝑁𝐴 * 100/𝑛)) / 2 where "A" and "NA" represent the number of compounds associated or not with DILI events in a specific quadrant of the chemical space plot, respectively; "n" is the total number of compounds contained in the database. A positive QW value suggests that a region of the chemical space (2D plot coordinates) is enriched with positive DILI compounds.