As for the destinations of carbon, in order to achieve scope 3 net zero, Figure shows that as long as fossil feedstock remains part of the feedstock, CCS is required to sequester the same amount of carbon as that in the fossil feedstock. CCS is required to sequester CO2 from production processes and end-of-life incineration. Because the latter is located outside of chemical plants and far down the value chain, it may be unrealistic for chemical companies to operate CCS after incineration. However, because postincineration CCS is vital for achieving scope 3 net zero for the chemical industry and its value chain, the chemical industry should not detach itself from this issue. As Japan has over one thousand incineration facilities (Ministry of the Environment 2021), one way to deploy post-incineration CCS could be through an additional contribution to an existing extended producer responsibility program, such as the existing Containers and Packaging Recycling Law. In addition, the CCS demand for post-incineration CCS needs to be considered, when Japan estimates the total demand for CCS and pursues CCS capacity both domestically and internationally. Instead of CCS, post-incinerator CO2 could be utilized for CCU if hydrogen is accessible. The post-incinerator CCU reduces the need for CCS as parts of (A) and (E) in Figure are replaced by (B) and (F). In conclusion, the chemical industry in Japan should pursue the implementation of post-incineration carbon capture, either in the form of CCS or CCU.