Regardless of the chemical structure of the test compound, 80-100% of seeds of both plants germinated after 96 h after treatment. This range coincides with the germination capacity of untreated seeds according to the manufacturer's specifications. Thus, none of the applied QASs or the reference formulation showed significant phytotoxicity at concentrations up to 10 g dm - difference to the control was also recorded for 4Asp (100% increase). The beneficial effect of 4Asp and 4Ala may be due to the high hydrophilicity of these compounds (log KOW < -1), which may positively influence the bioavailability of quinine-based cation in the soil. At the same time, it should be remembered that the cation and anion of QASs behave differently in the soil and their effects on plants should be considered separately . Given that 4Br