We also considered an error model such that the real and imaginary parts of the exact impedance were each corrupted differently and independently, see (S10) in Section S1.4 . As for the noise model (24), we followed the same procedure as in Section 3.1.1 without modifying the matrix 𝚱(𝝎, 𝝎) in (6c). We obtained the Bode plots of the GP-regressed and experimental impedances, and the Bode plots of the first derivatives of the exact, GP-regressed, and experimental impedances (Figure ). The boxplots of OMSE, OMSE exp , OMSE ∂ , and OMSE ∂,exp are shown in Figure , and we found OMSE ≪ OMSE exp and OMSE ∂ ≪ OMSE ∂,exp like for the noise model .