When the supercapacitor is charged slowly, the peak in the adsorption and desorption shifts to the left-hand side, meaning that the peak is reached during the charging step itself (as indicated by the red arrows in Figure ). As this peak is reached sooner, there is enough time for some reversibility to occur, and the captured CO2 begins to release again or vice versa when discharging the supercapacitor. This matches the behaviour seen under long voltage holds (Figure ) and causes the decrease in adsorption capacity at slow charging conditions (Figure ). Indeed, as the system is charged more slowly, there is sufficient time for the system to shift into the thermodynamic regime. Thus, even as the system is perturbed through charging (or discharging), there is time to re-equilibrate towards the thermodynamic state. At the extreme, if the system was charged slowly enough, we anticipate there would be zero (or very little) net capture of CO2 as any change to the equilibrium position (Equation ) would have enough time to re-equilibrate before any capture of CO2 was measured.