The low response rate to some surveys as well as self-selection for TSMP and non-TSMP groups rather than random assignment are contributing limitations in this study. Improved responses across all populations would provide a more generalizable picture of changes in research participation, science identity, and belongingness. One way we are working to assess research participation amongst these populations more accurately is via the addition of a question surveying this experience in a survey that all undergraduate students in the College of Chemistry must complete prior to graduation.