With growing industrial demand for novel advanced materials, both conventional and unconventional hydro(solvo)thermal approaches have received considerable of attention in recent years . This is likely because these strategies enable facile scalable preparation of a wide variety of advanced materials with a high level of purity. In particular, materials obtained using hydro(solvo)thermal method may posses a wide particle size distribution; however, it is well known that adjustment of the synthesis conditions can, in principle, lead to the preparation of single crystals with a uniform size distribution . Many studies have focused on the optimisation of conventional and unconventional hydro(solvo)thermal processing parameters, particularly because of the low cost as well as flexibility of such synthetic approaches . Thus, in this section, we discuss the main effects of changes in the chemical synthesis parameters on the physical characteristics of diverse advanced materials prepared using these strategies.