Nevertheless, the problems presented here can somehow be overcome. The crucial complication, however, is that this technique does not always allow for a large-scale synthesis worthy of more detailed analysis. To shed light on the cause of this problem, it should first be noted that the large-scale synthesis of CSHNs is based on the independent large-scale synthesis of liposomes and polymer particles. Liposomes are unproblematic in terms of production costs, as reflected by the fact that numerous commercial products based on liposomal formulations are on the market. In contrast, polymeric nanoparticles, such as polylactic acid (PLA) and polyglycolic acid (PGA), are very expensive. Thus, it is the cost of production that militates against the mass production of CSHNs from certain polymers. For this reason, suppliers are forced to consider other options (dextran, albumin, and chitosan, to name a few) that are much cheaper and also more biocompatible. In this context, the unconventional two-step techniques exploring technologies such as microfluidics and spray drying are also appreciated as an elegant and potential solution to this problem. Despite some very promising early results, these techniques have not gained as much acceptance as expected. This is mainly because they require expensive equipment or facilities that are not accessible to everyone .