The three LMMs were asked 5 questions regarding each of the mentioned images, for a total of 15 prompts, as shown in Figure . The 3.5 Sonnet model was accessed through the Claude website chat interface . Both ScholarGPT and ChatGPT 4o were accessed through OpenAI's ChatGPT MacOS desktop chat client Version 1.2024.179 (1720463250), with the memory setting turned off .