noted the role of water in perovskite degradation, but did not discuss its role in the ITC process. Kadro et al. noted that the gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) solvent used for ITC is hygroscopic, and cavity nucleation by trace water boiling out during the ITC process might initiate growth. However, using freshly-distilled GBL in an air-and water-free glovebox gave the same results, which was used to exclude this as a primary cause; even if water was present, in this theory it would only promote nucleation. In their mechanistic study of the ITC process, Nayak et al.