Plasmonic heating of AuNPs with a laser has been previously shown to provide a thermal gradient , which can also drive the thermophoresis of AuNPs towards the laser spot, dubbed optothermophoresis. Earlier studies of this phenomenon used plasmonic substrates in order to provide heating at the laser spot, which enabled the reversible assembly of AuNPs and other colloids . While the previous studies showed the capability for optothermophoretic trapping and in situ manipulation, printing of particles was not achieved. It was possible to achieve opto-thermophoretic printing of colloidal AuNPs using UV-induced cross-linking in photocurable hydrogels, however this approach involved a plasmonic substrate, limiting the flexibility of the approach .