This work aimed to determine and summarize the atomistic properties of magnesium and discuss the initial stages of surface growth in a possible magnesium-ion battery. Therefore, bulk, surface, adsorption, and diffusion properties of magnesium were calculated at the level of density functional theory. We are aware that in a real battery environment, the operation conditions, the potential, the electrolyte, charge-and discharge products, and especially the SEI environment might have a tremendous impact on the atomistic properties of magnesium.