Compared with traditional strategies based on microbial screening and functional metagenomics, the proposed data-driven method can better elucidate the biotransformation potential of living organisms. For instance, of the screened enzymes, one OTA-degrading enzyme (OH9) was derived from Exilibacterium tricleocarpae, a marine bacterium isolated from coralline algae in the Beibu Gulf 36 . To our knowledge, this is the first reported enzyme from a marine microbe with OTA-degrading activity. Researchers intending to use the PU-EPP model are encouraged to fine-tune PU-EPP in their datasets comprising specific sub-categories of enzymes and substrates. This will further reduce the time required for model training while improving model performance.