Once the driver has chosen his/her battery technology and associated properties, he/she starts driving the EV along the roads of the virtual city and its peripheric areas (Figure ). The latter is constituted of four interconnected zones (A, B, C and D) containing different amounts of residential, commercial, industrial and power generation entities. The houses, commercial buildings and factories consume electricity, and their consumption rates are controlled through three 3D-printed devices from the real world representing respectively a house, an office building and a factory (Figure ).