These tests illustrate that leveraging the voltage signature difference of the quinone-adduct compound provides a viable method for gaining insights into the contribution of the nucleophilicity mechanism. However, it's crucial to note that while the capture process takes place either at the onset of CO2 purge during the charging phase or during the rest time after charging, we cannot quantify the concentration of the quinone-adduct species until the discharge occurs and we examine the discharge voltage profiles. In simpler terms, although this method is conducted in situ, meaning measurements are taken during the test, it is essentially an 'aftermath' method, as the quantification of the quinone-adduct occurs post-capture. In the next section, we introduce a method for real-time measurement of the adduct during the capture phase. environment. b) (Top) Zoomed in full-cell voltage of the battery shown in Figure , and (bottom) negative half-cell potential measured via in situ reference electrode during operation. c) Full-cell and negative halfcell potentials of the cell operated under different duration of CO2 purge time. The solid lines depict experiments where the charge itself was conducted under N2, whereas for the dashed line experiments, the CO2 purging is conducted from the beginning of the charge phase. d) (Top) CO2 release volume calculated from the CO2 sensor measurements and the oxidation voltage signature of the adduct. For comparison, the maximum theoretical CO2 release volume calculated from the total discharge capacity is also shown. (Bottom) the percentage contribution of each mechanism to the total capture amount. e) CO2 release volume calculated from the CO2 sensor measurements and the oxidation voltage signature of the adduct for 7 ml of 0.4 M of 1,4-BTMAPAQ and very diluted CO2 concentrations of 0.01bar (1% CO2, 99% N2) under different rest durations.