In order to explore the dependence of the observed growth kinetics on the charge transfer rate, the reactive simulations have been performed by varying the activation energy on a linear scale from 0 to 16 kJ/mol (see Supplementary Information), corresponding to rates 6.12 ps -1 , 2.1 × 10 -1 ps -1 , and 7 × 10 -3 ps -1 in units of time (Figure (a)). Remarkably, the observed reduction-induced flux of Li + ions to the electrode presented in Figure shows considerable sensitivity with respect to the charge transfer rate, thus underlining the crucial role of electro-neutrality for the observed effective reaction rates.