Flow cytometry: Two days post-transfection, media was removed. Cells were washed with PBS and then incubated in trypsin for 20-30 min. After incubation, PBS was added to each well, and cells were gently resuspended. Cells were moved to a 96-well u-bottom plate and centrifuged at 300 x g for 5 min. The supernatant was removed, and the pellet was resuspended in PBS containing a 1:10,000 dilution of Live/Dead Fixable Blue and incubated for 15 min on ice in the dark. The plate was centrifuged again at 300 x g for 5 min and the staining buffer was removed. Cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS on ice for 10 min. The cells were centrifuged at 300 x g for 5 min and washed 2x with PBS. Cells were resuspended in flow buffer and run on a NovoCyte Flow Cytometer.