Three droplet removal strategies were assessed to determine the most effective method. These included wicking the droplet with a Kim-wipe, applying uniform centrifugal force for even droplet spreading, and removing the droplet at its edge. SNR and fluorescence images showed that pipette removal was the most accurate and precise droplet removal strategy, resulting in uniform and repeatable printed features (Figure and Figure ). The CV values for droplet removal strategies also showed that pipette droplet removal had the lowest inter-assay %CV, of 8.22%, compared to Kim-wipe (51.36%) and centrifuge (42.08%) (Table ).