Poland) and used without further purification. Microbiological broth media including Nutrient Broth, Mueller-Hinton Broth, TSB and BHI Broth for bacteria, YPD Broth for yeast and PDB for filamentous fungi were purchased from BioMaxima (Lublin, Poland). The sources of materials used for the preparation of media recommended by OECD guidelines for toxicity studies are disclosed in the Supplementary Data . Water for syntheses, apparatus calibration, solubility studies, octanol-water partition coefficient studies, and biological assay studies was deionized, with a conductivity <0.1 μS•cm -1 , from demineralizer HLP Smart 1000 . OECD guidelines-compliant soil and seeds of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) were purchased from MicroBioTests Inc. (Gent, Belgium).