The authors of the study speculated that the underlying mechanism was charge repulsion between the N-terminal domain, internal capsid residues and DNA, which leads to externaliza9on of the phospholipase A2 domain . This process almost certainly triggers changes in the surface charge distribu9on of the capsid and most likely plays out differently under a complete absence of cargo DNA. revealed that samples did not perfectly represent the expected propor9ons. AAV6 shows the largest discrepancy with the empty par9cles making up a total of 77.2 instead of 50% of capsids in the sample (Table ). Injec9ons of individual species shown in Fig. (mid and lower panels) clearly demonstrate that the reason is insufficient purity of commercially sourced material, especially the full capsid samples.