Furthermore, the broadening of the redox peaks implies slower charge transfer dynamics and lower reversibility of the redox processes. The reduction in peak current correlates with a loss in electrochemical capacity, emphasizing material degradation after recycling. These negative These effects are even more pronounced in the CV comparison of NMC (Figure ) and NCA (Figure ), where a substantial decline in redox activity is observed. XPS analysis reveals a higher concentration of InCl3 on the surface, suggesting a more severe impact on electrochemical performance. However, it is important to note that InCl3 may dissolve from the surface during cycling, interacting with the electrolyte and altering electrochemical behavior.