Analyses of upstream environmental impacts inform better operations for future resourcesaving extraction and transport. Conventional mining and concentrating of ore or brine is resourceintensive due to the low natural concentrations of critical materials (0.01-1%), while critical material concentrations for transport rise to 3-15% after beneficiation. Further concentrating materials near mine sites or building reinterests closer to sources can efficiently reduce environmental impacts of the conventional mined materials. In contrast, smartphones contain 5% LCO material by mass, with the batteries themselves at 24% LCO . Circular material extraction via LIB collection decreases environmental impacts by 99% versus conventional. A "shortestroute" approach is used in this study to quantify the environmental impacts of battery extraction and transport supply chain steps. Practical battery collection operations will likely vary based on route selection and preprocessing strategy further influencing environmental impacts . For example, the disassembly of collected EV battery packs or removal of smartphone batteries from devices prior to transport to a recycling facility can increase energy usage through extraction but reduce environmental impacts by lowering transportation weight (Table ). Trucks are used as the primary vehicle for transport analysis given regulatory concerns that consider LIBs hazardous material in many transportation scenarios . However, alternative transport like railway can further lower environmental impacts by approximately four times versus trucking (Tables ). Upstream process optimization of environmental impacts warrants further investigation, such as the active area of high-throughput automation of LIB extraction from non-standardized devices and EV battery packs or rapid assessment of LIBS for second life uses.