Aflatoxin, also known as α-toxin or Hla, is a potent protein toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. It is a key virulence factor that plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcal infections.(2) Alpha toxin is a 33 kDa protein that can form heptameric pores in the membranes of a wide range of host cells, including erythrocytes, leukocytes, and epithelial cells. The formation of these pores disrupts cellular integrity, leading to cell lysis and the release of intracellular contents. This toxin is especially important in causing tissue damage and promoting bacterial spread during infections, contributing significantly to the severity of diseases such as pneumonia, sepsis, and skin infections.