The calcein dye leakage assay was conducted by using calcein dye encapsulated large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) prepared according to a previously described protocol. Peptideinduced leakage of calcein from the LUVs was monitored by measuring the fluorescence intensity at an excitation wavelength of 490 nm and an emission wavelength of 520 nm on a SpectraMax M5 multi-mode microplate reader. To achieve a final lipid concentration of 40 μM, the liposome suspension was diluted in PBS. The assay was conducted in triplicate by mixing 50 µL of peptide solution at various concentrations (5, 10, 20, 30, and 50 µg/mL) with 50 µL of liposome suspension. Calcein release from LUVs was assessed for 100 min and the measurement was taken at the interval of 10 min. The fluorescence intensity corresponding to 100% calcein release was determined by the addition of a 10% solution (w/v) of Triton X-100.