We extracted data from the articles pertaining to CH4 emissions source types, characteristics, rates, and mitigation. We interpreted the effectiveness of mitigation strategies and options based on the emissions characteristics and rates reported in the articles. Other data such as the measurement methods used, spatial domain(s) studied, discrepancies between emissions estimates, and urban natural gas loss rates were also extracted from the articles. We determined that scientific knowledge gaps, areas for future research, and pathways to reduce CH4 emissions in U.S. and Canadian cities could be identified and informed by the synthesis and interpretation of these data. Summaries of evidence in each article can be found in S1. Parameters extracted from each of the 103 articles, including emissions rates, are listed in the Supplementary Data (S2).