(3) The ex-situ measurement of heat-induced volume reduction (Figure ) was performed in an open system for ease of tracing weight changes and calculating the volume reduction (assuming the density remained constant). In contrast, in the BM treatment, the jar was sealed, where cosolvent evaporation may be inhibited by higher partial pressures than in an open system, corresponding to a slower reduction of liquid film thickness. Therefore, the value of CFLT needed for BM treatment may be slightly larger than that estimated above. Nonetheless, the CFLT theory is sufficient to guide the process improvement.