Biologically derived polymers can also be used for antimicrobial hydrogels. Lignin, in particular, has been used because of its broad availability and tunable stiffness, making a variety of forms accessible. For example, lignin-containing hydrogels containing silver nanoparticles have been used as antibacterial agents. A copolymer of lignin with poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(co-vinyl methyl ether-maleic acid) containing curcumin has been shown to be active against Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus mirabilis biofilms. Lignin-based nanoparticles combined with a poly(oxazoline) triazole have been used as anti-inflammatory agents. 345