The Iron oxide (FexOy) nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method, alternatively by acid and base hydrolysis, following the process as described by Briefly, a 100 mL pale green color dilute (0.5 M) aqueous solution (250 mL glass beaker) of Iron (Fe) sulphate salt was prepared in double distilled water. Slowly, the freshly prepared (15.0 mL) aqueous extract of press mud, and surfactants (CTAB; 9.0 g/ and MC; 6.0g/) were added in three separate synthetic schemes. Followed by the slow addition of freshly prepared 6.0 M (15 mL) NaOH for base hydrolysis, and 15 mL (1:1) acid (H2SO4) and water was added (for acid hydrolysis) alternatively to this solution, which allowed its colour change from pale green to light green (in case of acid hydrolysis) and pale green to faint blue (in case of base hydrolysis). After a few minutes of constant stirring at 550 rpm and 32˚C temperature, the solution becomes turbid, indicating the completion of hydrolysis and sol formation due to precipitation. After the next 6.0 hrs. stirring to a thick gel formation, this was dried to xerogel in a vacuum drier at 80˚C and then sintered in a muffle furnace at 500˚C resulting in red-brown (acid hydrolysis), dark brown (base hydrolysis) coloured iron oxide powder. This has been collected and characterized further. Other than the case of simple acid and base hydrolysis, the syntheses with ligands were uniformly base hydrolysis reactions.