In the second case, at 𝜆 = 0, the equation (Eq. 12) appears very similar to Eq. 11b, with two differences: First, the symmetry coefficient 𝛼 is irrelevant and gets replaced by 𝜇. Secondly, the interactions of the reductant and oxidant states in the EDL become important. As these terms are functions of the potential themselves, Eq. 12 is not a trivial equation and must be examined more closely.