Dairy farming in the United States (US) is a multi-billion dollar industry that provides essential food products (e.g., milk, cheese, ice cream, yogurt). Unfortunately, the millions of animals that this industry oversees generate a massive environmental footprint that affects air and water quality . Specifically, dairy manure is a carbon-and nutrient-rich (nitrogen and phosphorus) waste stream that is routinely used as fertilizer; this practice enables nutrient recycling but also leads to emissions of methane, ammonia, and nitrous oxide (greenhouse gases) and to nutrient accumulation in soils (manure nutrients are often imbalanced with crop needs). Nutrient accumulation promotes runoff to surface and groundwaters leading to ecosystem disruption (eutrophication and algae blooms). Processing manure in a scalable manner remains a grand societal challenge .