an amorphous pattern before this step. The crystallite size was calculated using the Sherer equation, resulting in 22.9 nm. Ahamed et al. synthesized copper oxide with a size of 23.43 nm using the precipitation method. Therefore, the result obtained is consistent with the literature. Furthermore, the presence of well-defined, sharp structural peaks in the XRD patterns and the crystallite size of less than 100 nm confirms the nanocrystalline nature of the synthesized oxide.