The importance of the microbiome extends beyond human microbiome and health to encompass the interconnected animal and environmental dimensions of the One Health approach. Microbial communities in animals and the environment actively shape human microbiome composition and functionality. Through direct exposure, shared ecosystems, and environmental reservoirs, these interactions influence the microbiome's clinical impact. For instance, zoonotic pathogens or antimicrobial resistance genes are often mediated by microbial exchanges between humans, animals, and their habitats, demonstrating the profound interplay within these domains.