Resource recovery of the NH3-N recovered from the NCS unit via zeolite adsorption and desorption has the potential to further offset cost and emissions. At baseline operation, approximately 55.8 kg NH3-N•yr -1 is recovered in liquid form in the wasted brine regenerant solution. Assuming that the NH3-N in that solution can be sold at market price for N fertilizer at 1.50 USD•kg -1 , the potential median cost offset would be approximately 0.0023 USD•cap -1 •d - 1 , which represented a minimal (2%) reduction on the per capita cost. Similarly, the median offset of GHG emissions would be 1.2 kg CO2eq•cap -1 •yr -1 , or a 2% reduction from baseline GHG emissions assuming 2.16 kg CO2eq•kg NH3-N -1 . To achieve this negligible benefit, however, further treatment of the liquid NH3-N in the regenerant solution would be required to reach market fertilizer quality, but the current design does not account for infrastructure and materials/energy required to achieve this additional purification step. Additionally, phosphorus recovered from the NEWgenerator can also serve as a fertilizer which could offset costs and emissions. The NEWgenerator has not met the ISO 30500 treatment performance requirements for TP removal as the current design only passively removes TP, but future work that supports phosphorus recovery (e.g., via magnesium hydroxide addition) could achieve improved effluent quality and GHG/economic outcomes. One such direction could be to encourage phosphorus precipitation within the AnMBR unit or to require influent be source-separated (urine separated from feces, as in a urine diverting dry toilet) and to achieve precipitation in a urine holding tank. The impact of grid electricity characteristics on system sustainability To better understand how the unit costs and GHG emissions of local grid electricity impacts the relative sustainability of the photovoltaic versus grid-tied energy configurations, the two systems were compared across potential grid characteristics (Figure and). A pair-wise comparison was conducted between the photovoltaic and grid-tied configurations across a range of grid electricity unit costs (0.00 -0.60 USD•kWh -1 ) and grid electricity unit emissions (0 -1 kg CO2eq•kWh -1 ). The per capita cost of the grid-tied energy configuration was lower than the photovoltaic configuration when grid electricity unit costs fell below 0.07 USD•kWh -1 (Figure ).