The most advanced DAC technologies primarily rely on commercially available materials (e.g., potassium and calcium hydroxide or polymer resins) around which a working concept has been formulated. This approach has helped to reduce technical risk and support accelerated pilot, and commercial scaling. There are numerous existing materials and millions of hypothetical ones that can be generated in silico to be explored for DAC applications. Their properties (e.g., density, solubility, permeability, volatility, viscosity, porosity, heat of absorption, heat of adsorption, thermal conductivity) cover a broad design space, making their exploration challenging (#1). Further materials research could help reduce the energy consumption or increase CO 2 removal efficiency (#2). For example, material properties such as specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity have a direct impact on the process energy requirements and, consequently, the OPEX of the DAC process. 109 However, even for existing materials, trade offs between material properties are largely unexplored. Lack of such studies and established frameworks for guiding the selection of materials are currently an obstacle in enabling an advanced and rapid deployment of DAC technologies (#2).