and Gx-OH (negative controls) were performed in DMEM cell culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 37 o C as described previously. The unprocessed luciferase activities of 293T cells treated with Gx-DiMan and Gx-OH controls were given in SI, Figs. S36-S37. After Gx-DiMan treatment, luciferase activity upon EBOVpp infection were significantly and dose-dependently reduced, while those measured upon VSV-G-driven infections were almost unaffected. Moreover, treatment with the Gx-OH control lacking the terminal DiMan showed no apparent inhibition (SI, Fig. ). These results clearly indicated that the observed inhibitions were specific, due to specific binding of Gx-DiMan to cell surface DC-SIGN/R receptors, precluding subsequent binding to EBOV-GP and augmentation of infection. The normalized viral inhibition data were fitted by a modified inhibition model described in Eq. 9: 11, 43