PubChem is an open database of chemical structures, properties and associated information, providing tools for searching and analysing chemical information . Approximately 40 million of the 118 million compounds in PubChem (June 2024) are linked to ~51 million patent files . This Google Patents dataset covers 120 million patent publications from >100 patent offices including the European (EPO), Japanese (JPO), Korean (KIPO) and US patent offices (USPTO) plus WIPO. Each patent record provides details on the chemicals referenced in that patent, along with patent title, abstract, application and publication dates, applicant, inventor, and patent classification, but without context about why particular chemicals are mentioned. Individual PubChem compound pages contain information about each patent linked to that compound (chemical) in the Patent subsection. A single invention may be described across multiple patent documents (e.g., patent applications, grants, and re-examination certificates) identified with a unique patent identifier suffixed with a code (e.g., A1, A2, B1, B2). The same patent may also be filed in multiple national agencies, which can be grouped together into patent families.