The Dresden group also worked on more applied development of the NGA materials for autonomous pressure amplification in pneumatic devices. In 2020, Garai et al. investigated in depth the thermal behavior of materials of the DUT-49 family, a property of interest for their potential use in applied devices and composites. They reported that while the evacuated frameworks exhibited negative thermal expansion (NTE), the inclusion of solvent could tune their thermal behavior into positive thermal expansion (PTE) -a general phenomenon, regardless of the nature of the solvent. In 2021, Bon et al. demonstrated the occurrence of NGA for carbon dioxide adsorption in DUT-46, a framework previously considered non-flexible. The also showed that CO 2 -induced NGA lead to large-scale pressure amplification in other materials, such as DUT-49 and DUT-50, due to the strong host-CO 2 interactions. The largest effect was demonstrated, in a custom-built pressure amplifier device, with a pressure amplification reaching up to 428 kPa (at a transition pressure of 340 kPa).