Histone acetylation is a foremost regulator of transcription. It is known to promote transcription by reducing electrostatic interactions between DNA and histones, and between neighboring nucleosomes. Histone acetylation is largely believed to function mostly via the cumulative charge effects of multiple acetylation event. Recent studies suggest limited selectivity of acetylation-directed antibodies -thus, most acetylation antibodies exhibit a polyacetylation bias and most H3 and H4 acetylation antibodies only barely discriminate among single individual acetylation events. Chromatin is a macromolecular complex of DNA and histone proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of the eukaryotic cells. It is a dynamic structure existing either as a compact and transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin or a decondensed transcriptionally active euchromatin (Figure ). Chromatin remodeling refers to the reorganization of chromatin from a condensed state to a transcriptionally accessible state, permitting transcription factors or other DNA binding proteins to access DNA and manage gene expression. The chromatin structure is reorganized by means of several mechanisms, including histone modification, histone tail separation, and ATPdependent chromatin remodeling. The chromatin status can be modulated by environmental factors, which further modify the expression of genes related to aging and longevity. Non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs, are important regulators of transcriptional networks and chromatin states; they have appeared as epigenetic factors that affect aging. Thus, lncRNAs stimulate gene silencing through interactions with chromatin-modulating enzymes and are emerging as important factors in the progression of aging. Non-coding RNAs are able to modify healthspan and lifespan by post-transcriptional regulation of stem cell behavior. Overall, studies suggest that RNAs may inherently impact aging and aging-related pathologies, and represent likely therapeutic targets for deferring or ameliorating these pathologies.