measurements. Similarly, in the pseudocapacitor field, Cheng et al. investigated the charging mechanism of a series of catecholate MOFs using a combination of operando EQCM, and ex situ FTIR and XPS. Faradaic charge storage mechanisms of MOF electrodes have also been studied using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), but only in Li-ion batteries. NMR spectroscopy has recently been used to probe molecular adsorption in MOFs, and Klug et al. highlighted that even in paramagnetic MOFs, high resolution NMR spectra may be obtained for guest species. They demonstrated the potential of relaxation measurements and spinning sideband analysis to identify guest species in MOF pores for electrochemical applications. However, there are no published mechanistic NMR studies of MOF EDLC or pseudocapacitor charging to date. Similarly, IR spectroscopy and EPR have not yet been employed in the study of MOF EDLCs but have been applied in the identification of adsorbed guest species in MOFs and therefore show promise for studying MOF supercapacitors. In situ Raman spectroscopy was used by Lukatskaya et al. to explore the charge transfer mechanism in pseudocapacitive Ni3(hexaaminobenzene)2 (Ni3(HAB)2). These experiments were accompanied by in situ X-Ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) measurements.