Most emission start times are predicted accurately, with a median start time error of 3 minutes (meaning the predicted start time came 3 minutes late) and a distribution tightly centered around the median (25 th percentile = 1 minute and 75 th percentile = 11 minutes). Similarly, most end times are predicted accurately, with a median end time error of zero minutes and a distribution tightly centered around the median (25 th percentile = -1 minute and 75 th percentile = 2 minutes). Overall, the framework correctly predicts the presence or absence of an emission event for 86.3% of time steps and has a minute-by-minute true positive rate of 79.9% and true negative rate of 92.5%. See Sections S7 and S8 in the SI file for details on start and end time errors and minute-by-minute event detection errors, respectively. The bar marked "correctly identified occurrence of emission" shows the percent of true emission events that overlap with a predicted emission event. The bar marked "rate estimate available" shows the percent of true emission events that are deemed suitable for quantification. Recall that the proposed framework can predict multiple emission events that all occur during one true event. Therefore, the bar marked "location estimate partially correct" shows the percent of true emission events where at least one of the overlapping predicted events has correctly predicted the source location, while the bar marked "location estimate completely correct" shows the percent of true emission events where all overlapping predicted events have correctly predicted the source location. Within each bar, the events are grouped by their true emission source.