As illustrated in Figure , the incorporation of MoS2 significantly improved the output performance of the T-TENG device. A comparison of the inclusion of PVA gel to that of only graphene electrode are studied and observed an elevation of 17.67% increase in the output results comparing to that of graphene only. The boosted results can be due to PVA's strong dielectric characteristics, which successfully increased the surface's tribo-positive polarity. Similarly, the addition of MoS2 at a concentration of 0.1g/L in composition with PVA in a ratio of 1:1 (PVA+MoS2, 0.1g/L) resulted in 21.31% improvement in output performance compared to the T-TENG with only graphene. Moreover, elevating the concentration of MoS2, particularly at 0.5g/L in the composite (PVA+MoS2, 0.5g/L), enhanced the device performance significantly, demonstrating an improvement of approximately 34.94% compared to T-TENG solely incorporating graphene, and 18.40% increase compared to that T-TENG based on only the PVA layer on the graphene electrode. T-TENGs with further higher concentrations of MoS2 such as 1g/L and 2g/L, generated high voltages compare to those without MoS2. However, their output voltages remained below that of T-TENG containing a 0.5g/L MoS2 concentration. This observation is likely linked to the inherent characteristics of the 2D material MoS2. Initially, the quantity of MoS2 impacts the electrochemical properties of the graphene-MoS2 composite electrode. While a high MoS2 concentration decreases electrical conductivity, it also leads to the aggregation of MoS2 on the graphene layer. Conversely, a low MoS2 concentration contributes less to the overall capacity and graphene accumulation, thereby affecting the output results. Consequently, achieving a balance in concentration emerged as a crucial factor in our study, ultimately yielding an optimized voltage of approximately 1068V with a 0.5g/L MoS2 concentration. ). This difference might explain the similarities in the composition of both electrodes since the major goal of the composite PVA+MoS2 gel was to improve the triboelectric effect and aid in charge separation.