According to Aristotle, new knowledge is known from very basic concepts or assumptions that are first principles, thus 'the first principle is the basis from which a thing is known' and the building block of true knowledge . For our daily life and work, the most popular and usual way of thinking is to think/reason by analogy which is proven to be very useful and easy. However, 'first principles thinking' (or 'reasoning from first principles) is a way of thinking and problem-solving requiring breaking down a complex problem into its most basic assumptions, facts, or ideas and then reassembling them from bottom-up. In other words, it is a way to build up the solution and knowledge from the foundational truths through rational reasoning other than analogous reasoning. Rational reasoning is built based on logic, consistency, and evidence, which include deductive or inductive processes. However, analogous reasoning draws conclusions based on similarities between two things or situations, inferring that what is true in one case may also be true in the other, which might fall to 50 logical fallacies and errors.