Estrogen and bone health have been closely linked for decades due to the correlation between postmenopausal estrogen decline and bone loss . Although early research on the mechanism of estrogen regulation of bone remodeling was unclear, recent studies in osteoimmunology have improved our understanding. Estrogen deficiency increases bone turnover and unbalanced remodeling . This occurs through estrogen-mediated inhibition of RANKL production and stimulation of OPG expression, which limits osteoclastogenesis . Estrogen has also been shown to prevent apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes . This is consistent with studies showing that estrogen deficiency induces osteocyte apoptosis (Delgado-Calle and Bellido, 2022; . Ovariectomized (OVX) murine experiments demonstrate that estrogen directly supports bone formation by upregulating Wnt-10b in bone marrow stromal cells .