LIG was fabricated using a commercial CO2 laser cutting device (K40 model, from Shanghai ZX trading, power 40 W, wavelength 10.6 μm). In the first step, the geometry of LIG-based electrodes was designed using an Inkscape software package. As shown schematically in Fig. , the electrodes include a circular working electrode (WE), 3 mm in diameter, which is encompassed by an incomplete ring, 0.5mm thick. The spacing between WE and CE was fixed at 0.5 mm. However, the utilization of LIG, as pseudo-RE, was not successful, as it cannot maintain a stable potential over time without further surface engineering. A CO2 laser, in raster mode, was used to engrave patterns over PI sheets. Lasing was operated under ambient conditions. We used a laser speed from 100 to 200 mm/s and a laser power from 10 to 14%.