The resulting PE solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and subjected to silica gel column chromatography (200-300 mesh), eluted with PE to obtain compound 1. The isolation and purification of compounds 3 and 6-12 followed a similar procedure to the previous steps, with variations in the plasmids used. It is important to note that after purification on a silica gel column, compounds 6-13 underwent further purification using preparative HPLC. This involved a gradient elution program of acetonitrile (CH3CN) and water as the mobile phase (0-3 min, 5% CH3CN; 3-18 min, 5-95% CH3CN; 18-60 min, 95% CH3CN) at a flow rate of 20 mL/min using an Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column (21.2 mm × 250 mm, 7 μm). For compound 2, after the MeOH extraction of bacterial cells, the resulting MeOH solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and subjected to silica gel column chromatography (200-300 mesh), eluted with a mixture of PE and ethyl acetate (EA) in a ratio of 10:1 to yield compound 2. To obtain the enzyme reaction products (compounds 4 and 5) of PcTS1 and 1,1-D2-GGPP or 6F-GGPP, following a 50-or 300-mL scale incubation, the reaction solution was extracted with PE. The resulting PE solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and then subjected to preparative HPLC purification, utilizing the same gradient elution program as used for compounds 6-13.