Colocalization of suborganelles. The B16-F10 cancer cells were inoculated onto a confocal dish at a concentration of approximately 1×10 5 cells/mL and cultured in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37°C for 24 h. Subsequently, the cells were transferred to fresh medium containing TPE-Pyα-CD+PTX-NB NPs (1.25 µM) and maintained under the same conditions for an additional 4 h. Finally, commercial dyes targeting various suborganelles were introduced and incubated for 0.5 h. Under confocal fluorescence microscopy, AIEgens were excited at 561 nm, and their emission spectra were recorded within the range of 600~700 nm. Commercial dyes were excited at 488 nm, with their emission spectra collected between 500~540 nm.