The foregoing discussion seems a bit parochial -for example, the identification in contribution (2.1.4) of DFT with "ground state". That restriction seems to have been accepted by subsequent commentators in this section. But there are several instances of what generically is a DFT. There is, for example, a well-developed classical DFT. Closer to the focus of this discussion (many-fermion systems), there is free-energy DFT (also known as finite-temperature DFT) . It inexorably involves excited states. There has been progress on free-energy DFAs. Another ensemble DFT is the Gross-Kohn-Oliveira (GOK) approach for excited states at T = 0 K (see other commentators below).