where A W and B W are the phase space functions resulting from the Wigner transforms 48 of Â and B, respectively. In Eq. 2, the overall quantum system is expressed in phase space such that all of the N system degrees of freedom, electronic or nuclear, are represented by their corresponding phase space variables, (X , P). The LSC approximation to the quantum correlation function is obtained by sampling trajectory initial conditions from the function A W at time t = 0, propagating trajectories under the classical analog Hamiltonian for a time t, and using the time-evolved phase space variables to evaluate function B W . We note that the LSC dynamics is entirely classical and trajectories are independent from each other throughout the entirety of the simulation. Therefore, the parallelization of LSC dynamics is simple and intuitive, in contrast to more elaborate quantum dynamics methods such as MCTDH, AIMS, and less approximate semiclassical methods with non-negligible interactions between trajectories. However, the lack of trajectory interference in LSC dynamics means that the method fails to describe nuclear quantum coherence effects and deep tunneling, although coherences between electronic states are captured owing to the nature of the electronic mapping variables and the associated nonadiabatic equations of motion discussed in the next section. Given that the present work is aimed at enabling simulations of highdimensional systems where nuclear quantum coherences are not expected to play a significant role, we predict that the limitations of LSC dynamics will not significantly affect the resulting accuracy.