In Figure , you can see the training and testing fitting results of our selected linear model. These results demonstrate a substantial reduction in standard deviation and a significant increase in the R-squared value, indicating that our multiparameter model provides a much more accurate and reliable prediction of oxide acidity on the Smith scale. Based on the good fitting results, we predicted the acidity of unknown oxides on the Smith scale. The results can be found in Figure . The green dots represent the predicted values for some unknown oxides.