The crystal structure of the catalyst was recorded by X-ray powder diffraction using Cu-Kα radiation, with 2θ ranging from 5° to 80°. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was carried out using AXIS Ultra DLD (Kratos, Britain), and the standard C1s peak is used as a reference for correcting the shifts. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images were performed to determine the morphology of the catalyst. These images were taken by JEOL JSM-6700 and JEM-2010 electron microscopes. After vacuum degassing at 90 °C for 15 hours, the adsorption-desorption isotherms of N2 samples were measured by Tristar3010 isothermal nitrogen absorption analyzer (Micromeritics, USA) at 77 K. The 1 H NMR spectrum is carried out on Bruker400 with reference to the use of tetramethylsilane by 400MHz in CDCl3. The 13 C SSNMR spectrum was recorded on the Bruker AVANCE III spectrometers.