The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the three samples-Co₃O₄ (red), rGO-Co₃O₄ (black), and rGO-Co₃O₄-Pt (blue)-exhibit characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to the distinct phases of the materials, as shown in Figure . ), indicating a high degree of crystallinity. These results are consistent with the reported in the literature . The XRD pattern of the rGO-Co₃O₄ sample exhibits peaks characteristic of Co₃O₄ with slightly reduced intensity compared to pure Co₃O₄. This reduction aligns with prior findings on the impact of rGO on the crystallization behavior and structural properties of nanocomposites. The XRD pattern of the rGO-Co₃O₄-Pt sample shows minor changes in peak intensities. However, distinct Pt diffraction peaks are not observed, likely due to overlap with Co₃O₄ peaks or the low Pt content producing weak signals.