The study also shows that the combination of CCS and qNMR, two methods with analytically highly orthogonal characteristics, enables performance of identity and adulteration analysis that is both targeted and untargeted simultaneously. Accordingly, while representing a two-step process, such a combination widens the dynamic range of the analysis, thereby yielding unique insights that other single methodologies are unable to achieve. However, as shown above, qHNMR alone is still capable of making key conclusions about adulteration. As shown in Figure , even without CCS pre-fractionation, qHNMR detected the presence of aromatic impurities assigned to synthetic by-products, as well as the minor content of 4. While the latter matched the declared constituent from P. nigrum, the CPC fractions enriched in 4 did not indicate the presence of additional alkaloids. Considering that 4 vastly dominates the alkaloid spectrum of natural P. nigrum extracts, distinction of natural extract from synthetic 4 is challenging at the low level of the declared ingredient in the investigated preparations.