• Osteoarthritis is a very common chronic disorder among older adults and a frequent cause of chronic pain and disability. The occurrence of osteoarthritis is higher among women than men. Obesity is a risk factor for osteoarthritis, with increasing rate of severe hip and knee arthritis. Osteoarthritis treatments include expensive joint replacement surgery, in addition to intensive rehabilitative treatments. Lower back pain is a common symptom and its cause is often multifactorial. • Diabetes rates are on the rise in the aging population. Diabetes is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease in older adults. It is also related to peripheral arterial disease and peripheral neuropathy, causing diabetic foot ulcers and amputations.