A comparison between the photovoltaic properties of the new device based on the champion recipe suggested by machine learning (ML champion) with the experimental champion is shown in Figure . For both experimental and ML champion, we measured the PV properties seven times and each time by forward and reverse measurement, and then compared the results. For PCE, JSC and FF, the devices suggested by ML produced a higher PV values. Only for VOC did the ML champion recipe exhibit a slightly lower value than the experimental champion. Notably, the range of VOC values for each measurement is minimal, which means that the VOC values of this device are extremely reproducible.