The degree of functionalization can be easily monitored in real-time via fluorescence spectroscopy, and the reaction can be terminated as desired via washing or the addition of surfactant. This reaction can be performed on DNAwrapped nanotubes without apparent loss of wrapping, including SWCNTs purified via DNA-based chirality sorting. Finally, peroxide-mediated functionalization can be performed on unwrapped, undispersed nanotubes for highscale reactions, as well SWCNTs with surfactant-based polymer wrappings.