Diabetes mellitus exemplifies the intricate roles of chemical species transport and transformation in disease pathogenesis. In both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, disruptions in insulin production, transport, and receptor binding are central to disease manifestation . Hyperglycemia in diabetes induces a cascade of biochemical reactions, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage, which collectively undermine the biomechanical stability of organs such as the kidney, heart, and retina . Despite significant advancements, gaps remain in understanding the full spectrum of interactions between chemical species transport, transformation, and endocrine pathophysiology. Future research should focus on the integrative modeling of transport dynamics and biochemical reactions, as well as the influence of micro-environmental factors on disease progression. Species transport and transformation are foundational to the functional integrity of the endocrine system. Disruptions in these mechanisms are central to the pathogenesis of endocrine diseases, including diabetes mellitus . Comprehensive understanding and future research into these dynamic processes are essential for developing targeted treatments and mitigating the biophysical disruptions caused by hormonal imbalances.