This study features seven planet compatible pathways (shown in Table ) selected as the most interesting pathways to compare and contrast. These pathways are not forecasts, but describe what needs to happen, based upon best available data today, to shift towards net-zero using different approaches. The pathways do not consider national infrastructure, trade, or energy security. Cumulative investment costs and levelized production costs (capital expenditures and operating expenses discounted to a present value per unit of production) are calculated using plant level modelling for each pathway, between 2020 and 2050.