significant component of the renewable feedstock utilized in FDCA production. Plant-based feedstocks, including agricultural residues, energy crops, and forest residues, serve as valuable sources for hexose production. These plant materials undergo biomass conversion and biorefining processes to extract and hydrolyze the complex carbohydrates into their constituent hexose monomers. The utilization of FDCA, in conjunction with various monomers, has been extensively explored and documented in numerous published papers and approaches. Notably, significant attention has been dedicated to the development of semicrystalline polyesters and copolyesters. These materials possess several advantageous features and find prevalent applications as engineering, packaging, textile, and elastomeric materials. Figure 1. General procedure to produce HMF and FDCA from hexoses and C6 polysaccharides.