The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically increased the practice of wastewater-based epidemiology, with scientists and public health practitioners worldwide monitoring levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in untreated wastewater . Measurements of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and sludge are associated with daily case rates from testing and COVID-19 related hospitalizations, and can provide early information about potential clusters and outbreaks of COVID-19 . Historically, wastewater-based epidemiology has focused primarily on chemical contaminants, which can provide information about the habits of the population within the catchment area of a treatment plant. Chemical analysis of wastewater has been used to track use of licit and illicit drugs and pharmaceuticals such as antidepressants, benzodiazepines, opioids and asthma medications, as well as exposure to pesticides and plasticizers . Wastewater analysis can be a highly efficient way to gather information about topics such as use of illegal drugs and psychoactive medications, without identification of individual persons. Additionally, wastewater analysis has been used to track antiviral and antibiotic use during influenza pandemics throughout the world .