DFT, by contrast, is only given a chapter subsection, if mentioned at all, in many of the standard physical chemistry texts. Forgoing an extensive treatment in this context is perhaps understandable given the programming and linear algebra prerequisites of the subject, both of which are not typically in the university program of study for chemistry students. Additionally, DFT calculations, with some exception, cannot be practiced on pen and paper in the sense that derivatives and integrals in calculus can; the self-consistent field (SCF) loop and numeric integrations make computation a practical necessity. While there are J. Chem. Educ. works exploring concepts in chemistry using DFT as a method-barriers in organic reactions, phase diagrams, material design, and IR spectral assignment to name a few-a persistent issue with these approaches is that the software utilized becomes a black box to the students in which they can become proficient in setting up calculations but do not learn what operations the computer is actually doing.