We found four sources of surface piping system costs in our review: GETEM, GEOPHIRES, EPA (EPA, 2008; 2010), and the Kemper CO 2 storage site (Esposito et al., 2019). The surface piping system is sometimes called the "field gathering system" in the geothermal community but is predominantly the pipe cost to connect the wellheads to the central generating plant. In genGEO, any downhole production pumps are categorized as part of the surface plant, and not the surface piping system, despite possibly being located remotely within the piping network.