Figure provides a proposed visual representation of how heavy metal exposure influences the behavior of protease enzymes. In the presence of heavy metals, particularly copper and mercury, the normal functioning of the protease enzyme is disrupted. These metals exhibit a strong affinity for the active site of the enzyme, specifically forming robust bonds with the oxygen of hydroxyl group of serine residue-a pivotal element for catalysis. This interference prevents the substrate from effectively binding to the active site, leading to inhibition of enzyme activation. Consequently, the hydrolysis rate of the substrate diminishes, and the overall efficiency of the enzyme decreases.