(2) Approximately 50% of the TOC of AFFF remained after BN-BM treatment (Figure ), indicating that the BN-BM process destroys a portion of the co-solvent, and the undestroyed vaporized co-solvent was contained in the sealed jar and recondensed after the treatment. If this was not the case, a more significant loss of TOC should be expected. Given a ~100% DeF was achieved, the release of gaseous PFAS or other F-containing compounds should not be significant.