LCB fractionation has been widely studied using various strategies depending on the starting material and targeted fraction but still represents an important challenge for an efficient valorisation of biomass and the development of biorefineries. After reviewing the available conditions for the extraction and degradation of each component of the lignocellulosic matrix, several examples of biomass full fractionation will be presented in section 4.6, focusing on BSG biomass or similar ones such as wheat straw. A stronger focus will be placed on the treatment of hemicellulose due to its easier extraction thanks to the easily extractable and degradable amorphous nature of this polymer, yielding interesting building blocks.