For traditional LFAs and AmpliFold capture strips, anti-FITC control lines were printed after PSA test line regions and used to bind excess 150 nm FluoroPerAuNP conjugates (examples shown in Figure and). To introduce a control line in AmpliFold detection strips, a chicken IgY (CIgY) and anti-chicken IgY (anti-CIgY) antibody binding pair was utilised, yielding red signal at the control line (examples shown in Figure ). Studies of the 40 nm CIgY and anti-CIgY control line binding system were performed to characterise particle functionalisation (Supplementary Information Figure ) as well as validate the performance of the binding system when integrated into AmpliFold workflows (Supplementary Information Figures ).