The phenomena of the build-up of microplastics in our environment and the associated accumulation of larger plastic objects, in the earth's oceans , has clearly illustrated the urgency for concerted changes. The European Commission has rapidly led the way in legislating changes. However, this process is of course not smooth and can be disruptive to business. Most notably the European Union Single-Use Plastics Directive 2019/904 has been formulated with rather broad definitions of what a plastic is; most notably for renewable biopolymers, the biopolymers themselves are not defined as single-use (SU) plastics. However, if they are chemically modified, they are then defined as (SU)plastics. Quoting from directive (Article 3, point 1):