Stem cell transplantation has shown promising results in clinical trials for aging-related conditions. Longeveron studied the use of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (allo-MSCs) for the condition of frailty in a successful clinical trial (NCT02065245). 30 patients with a mean age of 75.5 years received either a 100-million or 200-million cell dose infusion. Significant reduction of inflammatory marker TNF-α and early and late-stage T-cells activation occurred. B cell intracellular TNF-α and physical performance amongst participants was also improved in both treatment groups. Longeveron also explored the use of MSCs through its biotherapeutic candidate Lomecel-B for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in phase I clinical trial NCT02600130. 30 participants were enrolled with low and high dose infusion groups of 30 and 100 million cells. Significant improvement was seen for inflammatory and AD biomarkers along with neurocognitive assessments. Due to these encouraging results, Alzheimer's disease treatment with Lomecel-B is further researched in phase II trial NCT05233774 currently recruiting participants.