Fixed point charge water models are limited in some ways by their use of the same partial charges to empirically fit the potential energy landscape and dipole moment, two distinct water properties . Inevitably, the choice in water model (many listed in ) may also dictate the accuracy in (a) solvation, (b) dielectric constant, and (c) dipole moment , and affect ionic behavior along with many other properties. Previous work in the Gilson lab indicated that even fixed-charge water models can vary dramatically in water placement and orientation around hosts as well as in thermodynamic properties like the enthalpy of binding , and it seems likely that polarizable models may exhibit even larger differences.