For example, a chemist may have SMILEs and/or InChIs in their ELN and/or molfiles in an institutional data repository but have to convert this to a ChemDraw proprietary file format in order to render the structural image that eventually appears in the PDF. This means getting the structures "back out" for database capture needs either manual re-sketching or use of an image-to-structure (i2s) tool such as Optical Structure Recognition (OSRA) , both of which are error-prone processes.