Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been widely used as a clean oxidant in industrial processes, such as organic synthesis, disinfection, water treatment, etc. Photocatalysis provides a green way for H2O2 production in contrast to the industrially applied anthraquinone process, since the latter is an energy intensive process that requires large amounts of organic solvents, making it environmentally unfriendly. The primary pathways of photocatalytic H2O2 production include the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the water oxidation reaction (WOR). The photoinduced WOR pathway for H2O2 generation is a two-hole pathway (eq 1). At the same time, competitive reactions of single-hole and four-hole WOR occur that yield hydroxyl radicals (·OH) (eq 2) and O2 (eq 3), respectively. , Although the hole-induced ·OH can pair together to form H2O2 (eq 4), the high concentration of ·OH is a prerequisite, which limits the yield of H2O2. Moreover, the light-driven two-hole WOR path involves a high oxidation potential, and the as-formed H2O2 is easily decomposed (eq 5). Therefore, photocatalytic WOR for H2O2 synthesis is generally not the preferred route. The energy potential (E) required to carry out the WOR is given with respect to the normal hydrogen electrode (NHE) at pH 0. 2𝐻 2 𝑂 + 2ℎ