Inspired by the simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES), we first transformed DNA strands into DNA strings, which were subsequently transformed into descriptors according to specific rules. The descriptor encompass four types, including stacks, dangles, loops and initiations. To comprehensively describe the influence of the surrounding environment on the stacks, each of the 16 stacks in the nearest neighbor model was combined with its two adjacent characters, resulting in 400 stacks. Detailed preprocessing methods and "descriptor number" values are elaborated in Supplementary Note 1.