The formation of Schiff bases metal complexes occurs through a process of lone pair donation from the nitrogen atom (from the imine group, C=N) to a metal ion . This process essentially functions as a ligand, thereby coordinating with the metal center through the electron-rich site. The structural characteristics of Schiff bases permit the existence of multiple coordination sites , thus facilitating the formation of stable complexes with various metal ions, contingent upon the specific design of the ligand. Schiff base ligands exhibit a wide range of coordination numbers, allowing them to form complexes with various metal ions in different . The coordination number of Schiff base ligands typically ranges from bidentate to hexadentate, with some examples of even higher denticity. The coordination number of Schiff base ligands plays a crucial role in determining the structure, stability, and properties of their metal complexes. This versatility contributes to their wide range of applications in catalysis, biological activities, and materials science .The ability to fine-tune the denticity and donor atoms of Schiff base ligands makes them valuable tools for designing complexes with specific properties and functions. It has been demonstrated that coordination with metal ions occurs through azomethine nitrogen .