Microkinetic models have been known to offer a consistent framework for analysing individual reaction mechanisms and identifying critical essential elements such as the rate-determining step and predominant surface species involved in the reaction. Therefore, when they are directly integrated with reactor level models (such as a GDE mass transport model), they provide a route to rational design of GDEs. This ensures the preservation of essential kinetic details that would otherwise have been lost if simplified to fit a specific kinetic framework such as B-Ve, which is not natively applicable to complex electrochemical reactions.