Clearly, the antenna-reactor system is highly effective in capturing and providing an extraordinary amount of light energy input to the catalyst nanoparticle. As shown for 3 nm Pt nanoparticles + 22 nm Au nanoparticles, it is manifold of what can be achieved with any configuration without antenna. The catch, however, is that highly effective plasmonic antennas like Au are also lossy, implying that most of the absorbed power eventually leads to only heat. In view of the current catalytic materials (Pt, Pd, Ni, etc.) and antenna systems (Au, Al, Ag, etc.), the catalyst interface design should be based on the optimization of the hot carrier driven activity and heat driven activity, to get the maximum activity combining the hot carrier and photothermal effect together. As high temperature reduces the chargecarrier lifetime, the optimum temperature would be where the thermal gains do not offset the total gains by reducing hot carrier gains. This means that one also has to take the light intensity and the scale of the reactor into account when designing the overall system.