In vivo imaging station study: The fluorescence intensity of ICB or ICG in D2O or H2O was measured using a 96-well plate imaging assay. Solutions of each dye (1 µM) were prepared with different volume ratios of D2O in H2O (0% -100% D2O). Fluorescence images of duplicates were obtained in a black 96-well plate using a commercial in vivo imaging station (Ami HT Spectral Imaging). ICB fluorescence images acquired using 700 nm filter, ex: 640/20 nm, em: 710/20 nm, exposure: 3 s, percent power: 50%, F-stop: 2, FOV:20, binning: low; ICG fluorescence images acquired using 800 nm filter, ex: 810/20 nm, em: 870/20 nm, exposure: 3 s, percent power: 50%, F-stop: 2, FOV:20, binning: low. Some samples were supplemented with BSA (500 µM). Mean pixel intensity maps of the images were obtained using Image J software and were normalized to highest mean pixel intensity of the samples.