Viruses that infect plants typically gain access to cells through the epidermis and mesophyll, where they then undergo virion breakdown and genome translation/replication in the infected cells . The enzymes chitinase, chitosanase, and β-1,3-glucosidase are involved in the wall-lytic activity of chlorella virus type 1 (PBCV-1). Capsids of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) enter plant cells through wounds in the cell wall (CW) and plasma membrane (PM), or by pinocytosis . The microfilament transport system, which depends on the actomyosin network, moves tobacco mosaic virus to its replication sites in the ER cortical apex or perinuclear region . When a virus infects a plant, it travels through the phloem to the screening element (SE), where it is released to infect new cells and spread rapidly throughout the plant .