. The mean image of the phantom XRD-CT sample can be found in Figure and Supplementary Figure , which provides a view of the cross-section containing the powder samples within the four glass pipettes. This dataset contains two crystalline MgO (ICSD 9863), one SiC (ICSD 603798) and one TiO 2 rutile (ICSD 33837) phases respectively. Unlike the dataset presented in our DLSR work, here we utilise the full size of the image dataset with ParallaxNet without any image rebinning/resizing. This is because the ParallaxNet method boasts better scalability compared to the DLSR-TOPAS approach. The XRD-CT sinogram volume dataset comprises 269 translation steps, 300 projections, and 670 selected diffraction channels. We split the dataset into three batches, and each batch contains 250 channels. To mitigate the edge effect between the batches, we incorporated an overlap of 40 channels for each batch. As a result, the three batches are defined with channel numbers 0-250, 210-460, and 420-670, respectively. The three batches are merged afterwards by taking the average of the overlapped channels.