There are major safety concerns regarding the possible toxicity of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), even though it is widely used as a preservative in medicinal materials. Variables such as the period of exposure, the mode of ingestion, and the concentration of the product all play a role in determining the threshold for toxicity. BAC poisoning poses a variety of risks, depending on these variables along BAC journey from manufacturing to disposal in wastewater routes. These risks can be incurred through ingestion, inhalation, or cutaneous contact. To mitigate potential health risks, it is crucial to strictly adhere to strict safety standards when handling and applying BAC. However, to address the environmental and safety concerns associated with the use of BAC, there is an urgent need for extensive research into alternative chemicals and procedures. The investigation of natural substances, biodegradable materials, and new formulations is a promising route that can be pursued in order to improve the safety of pharmaceuticals and preserve the environment. Moreover, the disposal of BAC in wastewater presents an additional environmental risk, necessitating careful consideration and mitigation strategies to prevent adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health.