The second case study explores the optimization of the design of a crossed barrel (see Fig. ) for improved mechanical properties . Specifically, we aim to maximize its toughness while not exceeding a specified force threshold. Here, toughness corresponds to the amount of energy a component can withstand before experiencing failure . Components with a crossed-barrel structure are used to protect more fragile parts within a design while not passing on harmful reactionary forces these structures can shield sensitive instrumentation or electronics from mechanical vibrations or impacts.