The discharge curve exhibits two plateaus, a less pronounced sloping plateau at around 1.2 V and a distinct plateau at around 0.5 V (Fig. ). In contrast with the lithium system, the cycling stability in the zinc system possesses much better performance reaching 86 % capacity retention in 130 cycles after the activation period. Better cycling stability could be attributed to the lower solubility of the material and its discharged products in the aqueous electrolyte. A rate performance test was conducted after the 30 cycles of the activation period. The system Content not peer-reviewed by ChemRxiv. License: CC BY 4.0 delivered a capacity of 45 mAhg -1 (28 % of maximum capacity) at the highest current of 5 Ag - 1 (Fig. ). The discharge curves of TQC displayed two less distinct sloping plateaus at around 1.1 V and 0.5 V (Fig. ). The system reached the maximum capacity of 301 mAhg -1 at 50 mAg -1 with an average voltage of 0.76 V. The TQCs capacity retention is 71 % after 100 cycles (Fig. ).