The performance of HBCC inherently relies on the equilibrium conditions and the dynamics of hydrate formation, which ultimately govern capture rates . Regarding the dynamics of formation, prolonged induction times required for forming hydrate nuclei of critical size, coupled with retarded growth of hydrate crystals due to mass-and heattransfer limitations present significant obstacles that can render HBCC impractical, if not resolved. Induction times are commonly reduced through the addition of kinetic promoters, i.e., predominantly surfactants, amino acids, or nanoparticles that do not participate in crystal formation but facilitate its nucleation . Likewise, methods and equipment that facilitate accelerated nucleation rates by maximizing heterogeneous nucleation sites , or those utilizing the so-called memory effect are employed. Growth rates can be sustained or accelerated by ensuring efficient mass and heat transfer throughout hydrate formation. To this end, various methods like stirring , bubbling , spray injection , or ejector loop reactors , are employed to maintain a high reaction surface area and prevent its degradation due to the formation of the hydrate, which itself can act as a barrier between the reactants . Fixed bed reactors mitigate this effect by maximizing surface area and number of nucleation sites while minimizing diffusion lengths . A more recent approach involves promoter-enhanced hydrate formation in un-stirred reactors , where hydrates develop capillaries or micro-tubular structures , ensuring sustained contact between water and gas.