The gap to zero of the vertical CV part can be interpreted as the lithium loss caused by the SEI formation processes. The lithium inventory loss is quantified by the coulombic efficiency, which is slightly higher for PHEV1 cells of around 89% but in the same range for CC and pulsed formation. The determined mean ASI value for pulsed formed PHEV1 cells is 1.0x10-8 Ohm/cm2 and the voltage decay value is between -1.7 and 2.9 mV √h. The determined mean ASI value for the reference formed PHEV1 cells is 1.3x10-8 Ohm/cm2 and the voltage decay value is between -1.5 and -1.7 mV √h.