Spectrograms were computed by performing a Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) over each waveform. This involves windowing the time domain, computing the FFT for the windowed signal, and then stepping the window across. The following design choices were made for the creation of spectrograms: A Hann window with a length of 501 datapoints was used, corresponding to a signal duration of 1.2525 µs (whole signals are 10 µs long). The step size was 5 data points (12.5 ns) and no padding was used; therefore, the window was stepped across 549 times. Among the calculated frequency bins only the first 20 were kept (0.8-16.0 MHz). These design choices produced spectrograms of manageable size (549 × 20 arrays) for the subsequent training tasks. Also, the resulting spectrograms were animated and visually inspected, and were found to vary visibly with cycling (bins of higher frequencies, above 16 MHz, did not). Animations of the spectrograms, and of the time and frequency domains of all signals and all cells, can be downloaded from the online data repository . order to separately assess the ability of models to handle data from multiple cells and their ability to generalise more widely.