Training Since the local structure generation module has no learnable parameters, in this section we solely elaborate on how we train the rotatable bonds model. We train Torsional Diffusion models against a set of target conformations with torsions τ 0 ∼ p 0 . During training, noise with intensity t is added, resulting in noisy torsions τ t . Model optimization is performed by minimizing the denoising score matching loss