It was found that the ball milling was the most suitable method for the dispersion of the suspension. The best dispersion time was found to be 8 h at a speed of 400 rpm. The best drawing speed for dip coating was found to be 60 mm per min. Different titanium dioxide concentrations were investigated and the use of 100 g L -1 titanium dioxide was the most optimal. After each dip coating step, the sample was laser-annealed at an intensity of 7-8%.