Through the decades, nanotechnology has left an indelible mark in a variety of sectors, from electronics to cosmetics and medicines. The burgeoning field of nanomedicine encompasses nanotechnology applied to biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences to achieve effective disease diagnosis, therapy, and/or management . Nanomedicines are products at the nanoscale, which may be administered via various routes (e.g., oral, topical, injectable). Notably, nanoparticles (NPs) (typically on the order of 1-100 nm) loaded with small molecule drugs or biopharmaceutical agents have played a critical role in the advancement of nanomedicines. Owing to their size, NPs exhibit unique physicochemical properties that can increase therapeutic efficacy and/or decrease the toxicity of encapsulated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) relative to free drug . Fundamentally, NPs can achieve this by improving the pharmacokinetic profiles of encapsulated APIs, protecting the API against degradation, and/or enhancing site-specific delivery .