To overcome the limitations of conventional sinusoidal electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, researchers have leveraged the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) by using current pulses and their linear combinations as input signals. Unlike conventional methods, which rely on sequential sinusoidal signal generation and acquisition or use fast Fourier transform (FFT) to directly compute impedance from the voltage-to-current ratio , the DRT-based method first derives the DRT from the initial current input and measured voltage response, then uses this distribution to estimate impedance. This approach delivers two major advantages: faster data acquisition compared to conventional sinusoidal excitation methods , and simpler instrumentation requirements .