An advantage of this NMR methodology is the ability to elucidate the MAF and PF for the individual SSA components within the co-formulation, as long as the 1 H NMR resonances do not overlap. Although there is no way to distinguish the 1 H NMR resonances of 3 (and therefore the corresponding MAF and PF) in a co-formulation with the other SSAs, individual MAF and PF of SSAs 1, 2, 4 and 5 within SSA co-formulations could be determined and therefore compared with the MAF and PF of the homogenous solutions of 1 -5. The results of these comparisons are shown in Figure . Here it can be seen that although the MAF and PF of an individual SSA is retained within a co-formulation, there are examples for each SSA where the MAF and PF for an SSA is altered through co-formulation. This provides evidence that the SSAs may act synergistically in co-formulation to enable tailoring of the individual SSA membrane adhesion and permeation properties. Further comparison of the MAF and PF for 1 -5 and their co-formulations with 1:1 PE:PG vesicles and, the EC50 values of the same SSAs/co-formulation required to lyse vesicles of analogous phospholipid composition after 20 mins (Table ), indicated that to decrease the EC50 the SSA or co-formulation should exhibit a lower MAF and evidence of membrane permeation , PF ≈ 1 (Figure ). Therefore, the SSAs which exhibit a greater strength of membrane adhesion and enhanced membrane permeation properties, also exhibit enhanced membrane lysis properties.