Zea mays stalk (ZMS) is a widely distributed biomass in the rural areas of North China, which has high biochar productivity during pyrolysis. Promoting the application of ZMS in hydrogen production can reduce carbon emissions from traditional fossil energy sources and ameliorate the pollution problem caused by ZMS open-air burning . Moreover, Arundo donax is a perennial rhizomatous fast-growing weed with a wide geographic distribution . As a non-food crop, Arundo donax is an excellent renewable energy source due to its high yield, adaptability to diverse climates, high energy content, and rich fermentable sugar content . Similar to ZMS, Arundo donax rhizome (ADR) is a promising biomass feedstock for bioenergy production, contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and aligning with sustainable energy goals . As well, Arachis hypogaea husk (AHH), currently used as a supplement in the production of fiberboards and particleboards, is a by-product of peanut production . This biomass material is utilized for biomethane production from anaerobic digestion . This study used ZMS, ADR, and AHH to investigate hydrogen production from gasification or pyrolysis-gasification of biomass materials, and their energy conversion efficiency was compared.