Further, the population dynamics from HEOM (see Fig. in Supplementary Note 4) suggests that k1 and k2 steps can be regarded as sequential kinetic steps, and the populations of |ν L , 1⟩ and |ν ′ L , 0⟩ both reach to a steady state behavior (plateau in time). Making the steady-state approximation for the mediating state, the overall rate constant for the |ν