The data clearly showed the rigidity of CBUs, functioning as mechanical components (Figure ). Additionally, identifying these rigid components emphasized an important factor: the angle between 4MRs and helical chains termed as rotating angle (θ, hereafter), which altered by about 9º over the temperature range (Figure , Table ). This kind of mechanics was also observed in DMA-exchanged gis-ZIF-1, with 10º change of θ (Table , Figure ). This selective flexibility closely resembled the behavior of mechanical linkages in conventional machines. As such, gis-ZIF-1 exhibited machine-like operation under temperature variations.