Taking a look into recent publications from the Massachusetts General Hospital we can see the use of CRISPR: as a screening strategy to connect genes to detailed bioenergetic phenotypes in mitochondrias; to elucidate how Galectin 3 (Gal3) contributes to uterine serous carcinoma by using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gal3-knockout (KO) alongside a Gal3 inhibitor to evaluate Gal3's impact on cell function; and to target PMS1 to reduce somatic expansion of the Huntington's disease-associated CAG repeat. Examples of recent publications by the MIT discuss using Cas9-assisted biological containment of a genetically engineered human commensal bacterium that could be used as a way to bring genetically modified microorganisms into biomedicine in a safe manner, 101 and to examine effects of several simultaneous gene expression perturbations on growth using an Escherichia coli model. Recent publications from Harvard University that utilize CRISPR technology: for germline mutagenesis to achieve genetic sterilization of male Anopheles gambiae, species of malaria carrying mosquitoes; 103 to reveal a druggable pocket in STT3A, a subunit of oligosaccharyltransferase complex OST-A, whose inhibition blocks lipopolysaccharides signaling to NF-κB; 104 to investigate the role of the progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) in progesterone signaling at the maternal-fetal interface by knocking out PGRMC1 in JEG3 cells; 105 and the use of CRISPRcorrected isogenic controls in research on human induced pluripotent stem cell lines. 106 A look at patents in the field of CRISPR therapeutics, both submitted and approved patents, divided by commercial institution or a public institution are shown in Figures and, respectively. When it comes to commercial assignees, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals in the U.S., CRISPR Therapeutics from Switzerland, and Shandong Shunfeng Biotechnology in China emerge as leaders among other key players. Overall, we observe that a majority (10 out of 15) commercial assignees among the top 15 are located in the US. Unlike commercial patents, Chinese and American research institutions have a closer ratio (9:6 respectively) of dominance. A more detailed look into the top 3 commercial assignees and their recent submitted patents was merited. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, an American biotechnology company, has recently published various patents on the use of CRISPR for: the identification and treatment of liver disease, as therapeutics for c9orf72 repeat expansion disease, and for the treatment of ophthalmic diseases and metabolic disorders. Some other examples of recent patents include a CRISPR SAM biosensor cell line and their methods of use, 117 and CRISPR/Cas methods and compositions for knocking out a C5 locus or gene. The Swiss-American biotechnology company, CRISPR Therapeutics, is known for its collaboration with Vertex Pharmaceuticals in creating the first-ever approved CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited therapy known as CASGEVY. 119 CASGEVY, also known as exagamglogene autotemcel, is a one-time therapy for sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. 120 Recent patents by CRISPR Therapeutics include the use of CRISPR for producing: CAR-T cells, 121-124 genetically engineered immune cells, methods for differentiating stem cells into NK cells, and for in vivo editing of stem cells. Finally, Shandong Shunfeng Biotechnology, recently known for the development of the first gene-edited crop (soybean) approved by China also ranks high among commercial patent assignees/entities. 134 Some of their recent patents demonstrate various novel CRISPR/Cas systems and enzymes for targeting, editing, detecting mutations in, and cleaving nucleic acids. They have also recently published patents on efficient methods for detection of viruses based on CRISPR, including foot and mouth disease and African swine fever. A deeper look into recent patent publications from the leading non-commercial assignees (Figure ) reveal the following: