Recovered resources may offset the energy cost. Normalization of SEC with respect to PIAWW results in 4.4 kWh m -3 . For every m 3 of PIWAA, the process recovers 0.78 m 3 of clean water, ~3 kg H2SO4, and ~2.5 kg P based on Table , showcasing solution compositions for best-scenario experimental results. In optimized industrial ED and RO processes, the SEC and associated economic and environmental costs would likely decrease. This preliminary empirical energy analysis suggests that the proposed ED-RO scheme is a cost-effective and sustainable solution for PAIWW treatment.