Acarbose (CAS # 56180-94-0) is a widely used anti-diabetic drug known for its ability to decrease plasma glucose and cholesterol levels by inhibiting intestinal α-glucosidase and pancreatic α-amylase. It was recently reported to exhibit promise as an anti-aging drug by increasing lifespan in mice and relieve certain age-related pathologies. Acarbose has been hypothesized to extend life span by controlling gut microbiota, thus reducing inflammatory reactions, and therefore diminishing the risk of mitochondrial disorders and telomere attrition.