was conducted with an Anton Paar XRDynamic 500 equipped with a Cu X-ray source to assess crystalline structure. Morphological features were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Thermo Fisher Scientific Apreo S). Raman spectroscopy was conducted with a Horiba Jobin Yvon LabRAM ARAMIS to investigate vibrational modes. Surface topography was analyzed using an Asylum Research Jupiter XR atomic force microscope (AFM). The bending force of the actuators in response to near-infrared (NIR) light was measured using a TA Instruments RSA-G2 Solids Analyzer. NIR irradiation was provided by a 660W RubyLux lamp with a wavelength of 850 nm.