AuNPs coated with hexanethiolate ligands demonstrated a similar difficulty in identifying a defined peak in the CVs, however through DPV as many as 13 peaks could be resolved due to the suppression of working electrode background currents . In the present . In the present study, the new approach involved varying the scan rates of DPV on both the oxidation and reduction sweepssweeps, to obtain an electron transfer rate for each component when we have bi-functionalised AuNPs with Zn Porph and Cyt c.