However, the tedious sample preparation and time-consuming testing process limit its widespread use. In our previous study, we have demonstrated the integration of BAs, SERS, and ML program could identify and quantify oligosaccharides extracted from milks. Our approach offers a valuable platform for detecting milk adulteration. However, the oligosaccharide extraction process is time-and labor-intensive. We are now taking a step further to investigate the feasibility of detecting unprocessed milk samples. Direct detection not only reduces the processing time but also eliminates experimental variations during the oligosaccharide extraction process.