1. Undertake a longitudinal 1-year monitoring of two contrasting communities; Bath: 120,113 inhabitants (inh) and Keynsham: 21,247 inh, for a suite of AAs and their metabolites (AA/met), and corresponding ARGs. 2. Undertake data triangulation to understand relationships between AA/met levels and corresponding ARGs; as well as water quality indicators (WQIs) in the context of seasonal AA use. 3. Quantify how much of the AAs and ARGs in the wastewater of the city of Bath can be attributed to a major hospital. 4. To understand the role of wastewater in the dissemination of AMR, and to explore measured vs predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) of AAs in both community and hospital wastewater.