Notably, there was no distinct band at 1830 cm -1 , linked to the vibration feature of bridge-bonded CO (COB), throughout the entire potential window, suggesting the presence of atomically dispersed sites as the active sites. Two obvious peaks shown in Fig. , b centered at 2350 cm -1 and 1650 cm -1 are indicative of the consumption of CO2 and adsorbed H2O in the solution, respectively. Peaks around 1461 and 2100 cm -1 can be assigned to the adsorbed *COOH and *CO intermediate, respectively, which are the main reaction intermediates during the eCO2RR.