However, besides the issue of passing the BBB, transportation of APIs to the BBB at sufficient high drug concentration is crucial. This can be especially challenging for hydrophobic APIs such as ATV which cannot simply be administered e.g. intravenously and oral bioavailability may not be sufficient to achieve concentrations necessary to reliably exhibit anti-tumor activity. Nanomedicine offers great potential regarding intravenous administration of water-insoluble drugs. [37, 38] A few ATV-loaded polymer micelles based on amphiphilic polylactic acid-b-PEG-b-polylactic acid (PLA-PEG-PLA) triblock copolymers , PEG-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) diblock copolymers , PEG-b-vitamin E succinate (PEG-VES) , stearyl grafted chitosan (SC) or ATV-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles can be found in the literature.