for PG-CF and PG-NH respectively. As does the Raman analysis: The average Raman spectra are shown in Figure (e). Three characteristic modes, D, G and 2D can be observed at 1347, 1578 and 2700 cm -1 . The defect density, found from disentangling 0D and 1D defects as detailed in Figure (b,c), increases from 2.03 x 10 -3 (±1.10 x 10 -3 ) nm 2