We now examine what we can learn from the outliers in force field benchmarks relative to QM conformers and energetics and from analysis of various bond, angle and torsion parameters applied in these outlier cases. In particular, an analysis of failures/poor performers will point the way forward for future work. Such future work may require generating new quantum chemistry data, improving parameter typing (e.g. assessing the possibility of parameter splits and the quality of new parameters), or adding more torsion periodicities. Subsequent work will explore each of these areas, and additional force field releases are planned once such improvements are ready. ). Among these outliers, b57, which applies to 'sulfur∼nitrogen' bond, is a frequent offender, with deviations from QM struc-tures as large as 0.18 Å. , the deviations in MM with respect to the QM reference, were as large as 36 • . The same parameters when applied to sulfonamides without a heteroatom neighbor closely reproduce the pyramidal angles of 'C∼S∼N'. This issue is distinct from the sulfonamide discrepancy that corrected in Parsley 1.3.1 and again in Sage 2.0.0. The distorted structures with Sage 2.0.0 are shown in Figure . Other chemistries with larger angle deviations include highly flexible molecules, such as larger heterocycles that get optimized to a different ring pucker than the QM reference. These molecules with rapid interconversion of cycle conformations are a low priority to fix since the MM optimizer is free to choose one potential well over the other when there are almost equivalent minima.