In order to perform in vivo imaging with the produced [ 18 F]FSPG, a minimum radioactive concentration of approximately 20 MBq/mL was required. Due to the large volume of eluent used to elute and isolate the radiotracer from the solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges, initial radiotracer concentrations were far lower than 20 MBq/mL. Adjustments were made to the isolation procedure in order to overcome these issues. Firstly, an external detector and switch valve were employed to perform remote collection of the most concentrated fraction of the elution. This facilitated the isolation of [ 18 F]FSPG at concentrations suitable for preclinical imaging, although the number of animals that could be imaged at this concentration (2 mice) was limited by the short half-life of the 18 F radionuclide. Further improvements to radiotracer concentration were achieved by altering the Hypercarb cartridge used in the solid phase purification process (Fig. ). By removing the large dead volume of the cartridge, dilution effects were minimized, leading to a substantial increase in radiotracer concentration (~102 MBq/mL). A large number of mice (~20) could be scanned at this radiotracer concentration (Fig. ) and transportation of the radiotracer to other research Institutes across London was possible.