Where 𝑬𝑭(𝒙) 𝒎𝒂𝒙 denotes the maximum enrichment factor achievable within a selection set (𝒙). It serves as a quantitative measure of the highest potential efficiency of a virtual screening method in identifying active compounds from a selection set. 𝒏 𝒔 is the number of true active compounds in the selection set (x). 𝑵 is a total number of compounds in the entire dataset.