colorimetric LFIAs stand out for their streamlined design and ease of use. More importantly, colorimetric LFIAs are paper based, with rapid visual results determined through the appearance of a line upon the introduction of a "positive" sample. The traditional colorimetric LFIA assay typically employs gold nanospheres due to their simple synthesis and distinct red color, which is readily visible on the test line . This intense red color contrast allows for easy detection, enabling quick interpretation of either positive or negative results. However, despite the simplicity of traditional gold nanosphere-based platforms, colorimetric LFIAs often suffer from limited sensitivity, increasing the risk of misdiagnosis due to false negatives . This limitation is primarily attributed to the inadequate optical brightness of gold nanospheres, which affects the visibility and accuracy of the test results.