In Varadwaj et al., 2004, we find maghemite (γ-Fe2O3, about maghemite see also . "Among the various magnetic nanomaterials, γ-Fe2O3 is used in magnetic memory devices, color imaging, magnetic refrigeration, ferrofluids, catalysis and sensors. Coating or capping the nanoparticles with polymers or organic moieties further enhances their applicability as it prevents agglomeration and the material becomes dispersible in aqueous or organic solvents" (see please Varadwaj et al., and references therein). Varadwaj and coworkers propose γ-Fe2O3 "nanoparticles capped with a polyol", "synthesized by a one-step method". Stability towards degradation is investigated with Raman laser.