flash point , and reliability . Many batteries, both industrial and experimental, incorporate materials that have high or even at times acute toxicities. In these instances, the batteries remain safe unless exposed in some way through leak, tamper, or explosion. Many battery electrolytes contain inflammable liquids with low flash points . A low reliability -the failure of a battery to function -may also have safety implications depending on the application (medical devices , power loss to critical functions such as in space missions , etc.).