Biomass pyrolysis refers to the thermal decomposition of organic matter, such as agricultural waste and wood, in the absence of oxygen to produce biofuels, such as bio-oil, charcoal, and biogas. As the demand for energy grows, biomass pyrolysis has emerged as a promising source of clean and sustainable energy. This is because it produces useful biofuels, and has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuels, while also minimizing waste. For example, the European Union has set targets to increase the use of renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions . This has led to increased investment in biomass pyrolysis technologies, as well as the development of policies and incentives to support their deployment.