Thus, despite the high kinetic barrier for the formation of CHx species on Cu, they are calculated to readily react with either CO2, CO, or H2CO species in the reaction environment to form the desirable C2 products. As a result, Cu is frequently used as one of the components in multimetallic catalysts together with metals like Co, which can easily form CHx species on the pathway of complete CO2 hydrogenation into methane. The combination of Cu with other metals could allow the catalyst to bypass the high-energy barriers between methanol and CHx intermediate clusters with the help of the co-catalyst and enable the subsequent C-C steps involving CHx intermediates on Cu sites.