All readings were taken on a custom built 96-well plate reader. All readings were taken with 10 ppm (GT)6-SWCNT in 0.1M NaCl (198 µL), n = 3, readings taken with a 658 nm laser, 52.4 mW, 1000 ms exposure, 3 averages, and additives were added in DMSO (2 µL of 1 mM) unless otherwise noted. A well containing 0.1M NaCl (198 µL) and DMSO (2 µL) were used for blank subtraction. Baseline measurements were taken approximately 15 min after the 10 ppm solution was aliquoted. Substrates were added to all wells, and measurements were taken at 4 min, 8 min, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 60 min after addition to the last well. This study used the 30 min reading values and the same trends were seen at other time points as well. Periphery wells were not used for measurements and each plate contained dopamine (DA) for normalization, pyrogallol (MM) as a positive control, and octopamine (OO) as a negative control. The dopamine ELISA kit (ImmuSmol SAS, Bordeaux, France) was run experimentally and processed in accordance with the manufacture's guidelines and standard operating procedure. For sample preparation, a 96-well plate was prepared with wells containing 198 µL of 10 ppm (GT)6-SWCNT in 0.1M NaCl that were spiked with DA (10 µM final concentration) or dopaquinone (DQ, 10 µM final concentration) as a substrate in DMSO (2 µL of 1 mM), and 198 µL of 0.1M NaCl containing DA (10 µM final concentration) as a substrate in DMSO (2 µL of 1 mM). For each respective substrate run, one well was exposed to 104.8 mW of 658 nm laser for 1 h and the other was exposed no laser, with mixing via pipette aspiration every 15 min. After 1 h, the contents of each well were filtered through a 100 kDa molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) centrifuge cartridge to remove SWCNT, and the filtrate collected. 28.2 µL of filtrate was combined with 235 µL of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 10 mM), 235 µL of sodium metabisulfite (40 mM) and 1851.8 µL of water, before being frozen at -80 o C. Dilution was necessary for sample to fit within the kits dynamic range, and EDTA and sodium metabisulfite were added to prevent dopamine degradation as per the manufacturers protocol. Samples were then thawed to room temperature and run in a quantitative DA ELISA kit following the manufacturers protocol. Standards and samples were run as n = 3 and quality control (QC) samples as n = 2. The ELISA plates were read using a Tecan Spark microplate reader at 450 nm with 625 nm reference. Data was then processed using Graphpad Prism 10. Standards were treated with four parameter logistic regression as per the manufacturers protocol and the QCs, exposed, and unexposed samples were interpolated from this curve. pKA modleing pKA modeling and chemoinformatic values were generated using Chemicalize software from ChemAxon.