An overview of WBE studies focusing on the presence of AAs is given in Table . WBE has been used to investigate AA usage in flu season and even to demonstrate changing consumption patterns in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic . Furthermore, combining analysis of AAs with ARGs can reveal how AA usage impacts on the presence of ARGs. For example, areas with higher quinolone consumption, driven by population size, were found to have a higher prevalence of qnrS gene, which encodes resistance to this antibiotic . Similar results were observed for other AAs and their respective resistance genes (macrolides and ermB, sulfamethoxazole and sul1, chloramphenicol and catA) .