were calculated to obtain a porosity of 0.60 when the catalyst is packed in the reactor. The price of KM1R (ironbased catalyst) was set at 0.02 USD/g based on past transactions. The cost of ruthenium-based catalyst, 𝑝 𝑐𝑎𝑡 was calculated by multiplying the amount of ruthenium contained in the catalyst by the unit price of ruthenium (19 USD/g). 79