The hydrogel precursors were diluted in water to a concentration of 5 wt.%, 10 wt.%, or 15 wt.%, following common compositions of hydrogels. These PEGDA precursory formulations have an inherently low viscosity, similar to the viscosity of water (~1 mPa*s). Compared to other materials typically chosen within biofabrication for VAM, the combined PEGDA and alginate solutions are viscous fluids, whereas GelMA is a thermogelled solid when printing. As seen in Figure , the addition of sodium alginate (Mn = ~300,000 g/mol) at 0.5 wt.% increases the viscosity to 53 ± 2 mPa*s. As shown in Figure , the low viscosity of the 15 wt.% PEGDA hydrogel precursor without any secondary additives, directly results in warped print structures with artifacts related to material diffusion mid-print. Visual observation confirms that partial architectural qualities remain, with the highly porous structure retaining some of the original gyroid lattice features but that it has been warped in the z-direction radially from the center of the vial.