Calculating the patent-to-journal ratios for these diseases splits them more or less evenly with 7 out of 14 analyzed rare diseases having a patent-to-journal ratio greater than 1, indicative of greater commercial interest. Out of the remaining 7, scleroderma has a patent-to-journal ratio of 1 while the rest six have a patent-to-journal ratio of less than 1 indicative of not as much commercial interest (Figure ). Out of the three rare diseases that we chose to focus on -HD and MG exhibit a patent-to-journal ratio greater than 1 by a modest extent. On the other hand, ALS has a patent-to-journal ratio of 0.7 indicating greater interest from the scientific community that is yet to translate to commercial prospectsthis might also be attributable to the increased interest in ALS following the viral ice bucket phenomenon translating as increased journal publications as a result of increased funding. Among the 14 rare diseases analyzed, progressive supranuclear palsy and Graves disease lead in terms of having more than 4 times as many patents as journal publications (Figure ). Similar analysis with respect to rare cancers reveals increase in publications across the board with all selected rare cancers showing clear, consistent, and rapid increase in publications (Supporting Information, Figure ). Of special note are Kaposi's sarcoma, cancer affecting the lining of blood vessels and lymph nodes, glioblastoma, cancer of the brain and/or spinal cord, and thyroid cancer showing the greatest increase with publications more than doubling between 2019 and 2022 (Supporting Information, Figure ). The patent-to-journal ratios indicate seemingly high commercial interest for the selected/analyzed rare cancers with >70% exhibiting patent-to-journal ratios greater than 1 (Supporting Information, Figure ). The exceptions to this are multiple myeloma, esophagus cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, 87 a type of liver cancer, with low patent-to-journal ratios (Supporting Information, Figure ).