The planetary boundaries framework identifies human perturbations in nine Earth system features that if transgressed will threaten the safe operating space for global societal development . This study selects climate change (GHG emissions) as a key modelling constraint, and considers available biomass (at 10 EJ or 720 Mt dry biomass for chemical use in 2050, ~20% of global availability) to safeguard land-system change and biodiversity . Impact on novel entities (e.g., plastic pollution into environment ) and biochemical flows (nitrogen) are assessed outside the main model.