Then, the functionalized surface with liker and functionalized microchips with linker anchored to the surface was immersed in 0.8 mL of the prepared compound Bdpy1 or Bdpy2 solution. Afterward, 0.1 mL of CuSO4 stock solution was added to the solution followed by slight agitation under dark. Then, 0.1 mL of the sodium ascorbate stock solution was added to the reaction solution.