In addition, the limited availability of data on fuels blends, particularly those involving biofuels, poses a significant challenge to characterizing flammability. Notably, Álvarez et al. and Semorile et al. both evaluated the FP of fuel blends, such as alcohol with diesel and alcohol with biodiesel. The primary difference between these studies is that Álvarez et al. used ethanol and n-butanol as the alcohols, while Semorile et al. used n-butanol and n-pentanol. Both studies, however, contributed to expanding the available FP data for complex fuel blends.