This problem could be solved by including additional genes in the detection assay to confirm the specificity, such as lacY gene in addition to uidA for the detection of E. coli or stx1 and stx2 genes in addition to eaeA gene for STEC. This highlights the need for the development of multiplex sensors which can enable the detection of multiple genes simultaneously. Alternatively, the focus could be placed on the newly identified genes, such as yaiO found to be specific for the detection of generic E. coli. In the following section, the main parameters used for the development of these biosensors are summarised and discussed.