The aggregation observed in the SEM images is a common phenomenon in photocatalyst synthesis and can influence performance. While some degree of aggregation is acceptable, excessive aggregation could reduce the effective surface area available for photocatalysis. This is particularly critical in tri-doped systems where dopants need to be evenly distributed to maximize their synergistic effects. Future studies could focus on optimizing synthesis conditions, such as calcination temperature or solvent use, to minimize aggregation and improve catalyst dispersion.