Given that Eq. ( ) goes for an enzyme concentration ≫ the concentration of the substrate, it would appear that there is one constant of proportionality given by leaving no room for the determination of k1; this challenge can be overcome by the method described in the literature. . Thus, with k1 in the equation, Kd = k-1/k1, k-1 given as Kdk1 and multiplied by gives the molar concentration of the substrate molecules that may have dissociated, if any, but must quickly rebind due to the oversaturating concentration of the enzyme.