Though our results are specific to the New Haven, CT area, many of the trends that we found are more broadly relevant. We observed increased concentrations for medications whose demand increased during the pandemic and increasing trends for illegal drugs that align with the increasing number of overdoses nationwide . Wastewater monitoring can be a way to monitor drug usage during this time when other monitoring strategies have been disrupted by the pandemic . Moreover, if wastewater trends can be associated with public heath monitoring data, wastewater-based information can play an important role in providing real-time estimates or early warnings of a variety of infectious and noninfectious disease. We note that our results on drugs of abuse differ from those reported by wastewater monitoring programs in Europe, where there has been an overall decrease in illicit drug use .