Spectroscopic instrumentation. UV-Vis absorption spectra in toluene were measured with a JASCO V-670 spectrometer. Fluorescence spectra were obtained on a JASCO FP-8500 spectrometer. Excitation was set at 372 nm. Kinetic studies were carried out at a fixed 20 °C in a JASCO FP-8500 equipped with a stirrer by taking a fluorescence spectrum every 4 minutes over the course of the reaction. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were measured on a JASCO J-1500 spectropolarimeter. Electroluminescence characteristics were measured under ambient conditions using a Konica-Minolta CS2000. Quantum yields were evaluated using the relative comparative method. 9,10-diphenylanthracene was used as a standard (97% QY in the blue in cyclohexane ) in the formula: