where 𝑓(𝑇, 𝛆 !"!#$ , 𝑥. and 𝑓(𝑇, 0, 𝑥) represent the Helmholtz free energy per unit volume of each phase under strain and without strain, respec-vely. The third term denotes the elas-c strain energy, where Cijkl is the elas-c constant and εij elas6c is an element of the elas-c strain tensor, ε elas6c . ε total is the total strain tensor of each phase, which is composed of the elas-c strain tensor and the chemomechanical strain tensor, ε chem :