The primary methods for CO₂ capture include post-combustion capture, pre-combustion capture, and direct air capture. Post-combustion capture, typically using amine-based solvents, is the most widely used method in power plants, though it remains energy-intensive. Precombustion capture, used in gasification processes, involves removing CO₂ before combustion, whereas direct air capture is a newer technology that removes CO₂ directly from the air. Advancements in capture technologies such as the development of more efficient solid sorbents, membrane-based systems, and bio-based capture methods are emerging as promising solutions to reduce energy consumption and improve the scalability of CO₂ capture processes. .