The demand for polypropylene (PP) materials is increasing in medical applications owing to their excellent properties, such as biocompatibility and high mechanical strength. PP meshes and nonwoven fabrics (NWFs) are used as abdominal wall hernia implants and wound dressings, respectively. For in vivo use, it is necessary that the material surface possesses antibacterial or anti-inflammatory properties due to the risk of postoperative inflammation and invasion of infectious microorganisms. Therefore, the development of drug-immobilized PP materials with controlled drug release property is required. However, PP does not have a reactive functional group and exhibits extremely poor interactions with other molecules. In addition, electrospinning, the general method for producing drugsupported nanofibers, cannot be applied to PP because it is insoluble in organic solvents. Hence, surface modification is the prevalent technique utilized for immobilizing drugs on PP fibers. Gupta et al. reported excellent results for sustained drug release via graft copolymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylic acid onto PP NWF surfaces. However, simpler and more efficient methods need to be developed. In contrast, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) is a cyclic oligosaccharide with seven glucose units. Each β-CD molecule has a hydrophobic internal cavity that allows it to form a reversible inclusion complex with lipophilic compounds, such as drugs, via a hostguest mechanism. There are several reports on the sustained drug release over 6 h of β-CD composite fibers. As examples of β-CD/PP composite fibers, grafting methods or coating with citric acid/β-CD polymers have been reported. However, the sustained release of the drug has not been evaluated, and these methods further require challenging multi-step operations. Based on this context, a simple preparation method for β-CD/PP composite fibers is required.