To advance access to safely managed bodily waste, there has been an international effort to establish safety and performance requirements for non-sewered sanitation (NSS) systems that can provide reliable decentralized treatment . In parallel, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has supported the development and commercialization of NSS technologies through the Reinvent the Toilet Challenge , setting targets for low cost (targeting 0.05 USD•capita -1 •day -1 ) and environmentally sustainable systems . Recently developed NSS technologies range in service scale from individual households (household reinvented toilets; HRTs) , to small communities (community reinvented toilets; CRTs) and larger communities of 10,000+ people (Omni Processors; OPs) . The existing NSS systems from the Reinvent the Toilet Challenge portfolio incorporate a wide variety of treatment and recovery techniques including solid-liquid separation technologies, disinfection, thermal treatment (combustion, pyrolysis, wet oxidation), solids-only treatment, liquids-only treatment, and recovery of water, energy, and nutrients.