We first parametrize the gaswater interface. Water is taken as the reference compound as suggested by Anderson et al. The size of the water bead is designated as the DPD unit of length, 𝑅 𝑐 , (that is, 𝑅 𝑊𝑊 = 1) and is calculated based on the assumed number density of water beads, 𝜌 = 3 beads per 𝑅 𝑐 . This gives 𝑅 𝑐 = (𝜌𝑣𝑁 𝑚 ) 1/3 = 0.6464 nm, where 𝑣 = 0.030 𝑛𝑚 , the volume of a water molecule and 𝑁 𝑚 = 3, the mapping number. The DPD repulsion parameter between water beads, 𝑎 𝑊𝑊 = 25.0 𝑘 𝐵 𝑇, was determined by Groot and Warren by matching the compressibility of water. Mass of the water bead, 𝑀 𝑊 = 3𝑀 𝐻2𝑂 = 54.05 𝐷𝑎 is taken to be the DPD unit of mass ( that is 𝑀 𝑊 = 1 in DPD units). The gas beads are taken to be the same size as water beads (𝑅 𝐵𝐵 = 1) but with a much lower relative mass calculated based on the density of air 1.3 𝑘𝑔/𝑚 3 , which is 0.01 in DPD units. B beads themselves, interact via linear conservative force with 𝑎 𝐵𝐵 = 25 𝑘 𝐵 𝑇. The interactions parameters 𝑎 𝐵𝑊 , 𝑏 𝐵𝑊 and 𝑅 𝐵𝑊 are obtained by matching the air-water surface tension and interfacial density profile as described in the original work of WSN. Here, to describe the behavior of DPD systems across different temperatures, we introduce a temperature scaling approach, based on matching the surface tension of water, that provides a correlation between simulation temperature and the corresponding real temperature, without the need for reparameterization at each temperature. In coarse-grained models, the reduction of the number of particles, and the use of much smoother potentials causes faster particle motion and less frequent collisions compared to the corresponding atomistic system, which leads to an improper scaling of temperature. For instance, CG water freezes at a much higher temperature (280-300 K) than the freezing point of water when MARTINI force field is used. DPD utilizes much softer forces, and to simulate a system different temperatures, reparameterization at each temperature is often employed. In DPD, simulations are performed at reduced temperature, assuming 𝑘 𝐵 𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 1, where 𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑓 is the temperature at which the system is parametrized. If a DPD simulation is performed with 𝑇 𝐷𝑃𝐷 ≠ 1, then the linear DPD-to-real temperature correspondence is, 𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙 = 𝑇 𝐷𝑃𝐷 𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑓 (7).