ATR-FTIR analysis of the guava extract as depicted in figure and, both reacted and unreacted, revealed significant changes. The unreacted extract displayed 14 peaks, while the reacted extract showed 10 peaks. The peaks at 3693.8 cm -1 , 2918 cm -1 , and 2851 cm -1 , associated with O-H stretching, C-H stretching, and C-H bending, respectively, were absent in the reacted extract. Peaks that remained but shifted slightly indicated a decrease in transmittance, suggesting higher concentrations of compounds with these functional groups. New peaks at 1688.5 cm -1 (C=O stretching) and 1513.3 cm -1 (N-H bending) emerged, indicating the formation of new or analogue compounds. Upon centrifugation and drying at room temperature, the unreacted guava extract yielded a total mass of 13.7 mg, whereas the reacted guava extract produced a mass of 177.2 mg. This significant difference in mass is attributable to the formation of larger and more complex molecules, which typically have higher molar masses and, consequently, greater weights . In contrast, the root extracts of Rumex dentatus and Rumex hastatus at 1200 µg/well were unable to inhibit these bacteria, but their synthesized AgNPs at 150 µg/well successfully inhibited bacterial growth as depicted in table .