Fig. illustrates the complete multi-particle dynamics by showing the evolution of the active particle population and its corresponding active area during the memory protocol. At low rates, the system maintains a low active particle population during the writing step, following a mosaic lithiation scheme, reaching the reading step with a few phase-separated particles. The system is then forced to overcome the nucleation barrier with a reduced available reactive area. As the writing rate increases, the system reacts more homogenously, accommodating higher currents towards more particles. Due to the wide difference in particle sizes (Figs. ), the smaller particles will be delithiated faster such that the active particle population starts to decrease before reaching 50% SOC. The kinetic is therefore dominated by the larger-sized particles, which are the system's major current drivers. This imposes a limit on the maximum active particle population achievable during a (dis)charge and explains the saturation of the kinetically induced memory effect at rates higher than 3.0C. After the resting step, where we observe a small drop in active particle fraction due to intra-particle Li exchange (Fig. ), the available surface area of the phase-separated particles will accommodate the reading step current. Fig. depicts the dynamics of the system in the same fashion as described for the micro-beam data: an increase in writing rate leads to a greater fraction of particles being phase-separated at the onset of the reading step. Finally, Fig. visually shows the particle concentration at the beginning of the reading step for the two C-rates explored: 0.2C and 5.0C. The former presents a mosaic lithiation scheme where most particles are found either completely uncharged or charged due to the particle-byparticle lithiation dynamics. In particular, smaller particles are completely charged due to their lower energy barrier for nucleation and faster diffusion times, while bigger particles are mostly uncharged. The 5.0C case is instead mostly composed of phase-separated particles, with only a minority of smaller particles being completely charged.