Plants infiltrated with pDNA-PEI-SWCNTs were placed in the plant growth chamber to allow for plasmid internalization and proper expression for 3 -7 days. The infiltrated leaves were analyzed for GFP expression after 3 days (for normal plasmids) and 7 days (for TURBO-G based GFP expression system) with confocal microscope. Confocal microscopy was performed at 20x lenses on Zeiss LSM 710 inverted confocal microscope.