The CPI system in the era of Industry 4.0 has become more complex, by integrating physical systems with computerized elements in the cyber layer . A general CPI system consists of the storage sub-system, process sub-system, safety barrier subsystem, and auxiliary sub-system for completing its different tasks . Due to the negative impacts of various unexpected events, the occurrence of system unit failures can increase significantly, threatening the safe operation of CPI . Although the system unit failures may be local (i.e. only occur in one sub-system), the operation of all the subsystems in CPI can be affected due to the interactions between different system units . However, the current dynamic risk assessment procedures cannot capture the cross-system propagation characteristics of failures, which mainly focus on the release of hazardous substances caused by the structural damage of equipment. The multi-agent modeling technology is recommended to represent the complex CPI system.