With the development of the PEGDA + Alg resin formulation, we investigated the level of complexity possible for VAM. 15 wt.% PEGDA + Alg was chosen for these applications. As shown in Figure , we are able to fabricate multiple advanced structures, starting with a "DNA" double helix structure, where the spiraling arms have an input diameter of 1 mm, while the cross bars are an input diameter of 200 µm. Next, a dodecahedron with struts of 150 µm and a diameter of 5 mm as inputs was designed and printed, to demonstrate how highly porous weak structures can be produced through VAM. With these capabilities, we then investigated how the highly porous and precise manufacturing of structures could be used to fabricate previously impossible structures out of hydrogels. For this, we designed a "hot air balloon" structure, with an outer diameter of 5 mm, a wall thickness of 500 µm, a basket of 1.5 mm 3 , and connecting cords of 200 µm, which is shown printing in Supporting Video 6. As such, we were able to design a hydrogel structure which could hold air, which could be used for investigating cellular responses to air-water interfaces (e.g. lung, skin and ocular tissue engineering applications). To further investigate the capabilities of this material platform within VAM, we prepared a topologic interlocking chain structure, which has the ability to crumple, extend, and stretch as each chain link is mechanically separate from each other. Shown in Figure and Supporting Video 7, this chain can be hung across hooks, collapsed, and stretched. Previously, two-photon polymerization of PEGDA together with a thermogelling polymer also produced interlocked rings with this principle of limiting diffusion of the monomer . As we achieved interlocking rings without thermogelling, we demonstrated that increased viscosity could facilitate high quality fabrication of similarly interlinked structures without this step.