As the s parameter gradually increases the strength of the MLForce restraint, we can measure the work performed by the restraint on the system. These trajectories can be thought of as nonequilibrium processes in which the system is driven from the disassembled state (s = 0) to the assembled state (s = s max ). The total work applied over the course of these trajectories can be related to their free energy difference using the Jarzynski equality. By calculating this free energy difference -∆G A , the free energy of assembly -in different environments we can calculate transfer free energies between different media, or even binding free energies. Practical concerns, such as how many trajectories are required and how slowly the restraints can be turned on, will dictate whether this approach will be competitive compared to other alchemical approaches.