Obtaining the final structure from the randomly oriented diffraction patterns requires indexing each diffraction pattern and merging them into a complete dataset, which can then be used to solve the structure. To date, several automated indexing algorithms such as XGandalf , DI-ALS real space grid search , MOSFLM , XDS , DirAx , and many others are used in well-Figure : Schematic representation of serial crystallography experiments: The X-ray beam illuminates a continuous jet, i.e., a viscous medium loaded with protein crystals uniformly distributed. Upon beam-crystal interaction, a diffraction image is captured by the detector. Advancements in detector technology enable data collection rates exceeding 1 kHz, resulting in vast time-series datasets (typically several terabytes) stored as HDF5 files. Primary data processing involves identifying images with distinct signals and pinpointing strong reflections through spot-finding. Subsequent indexing associates spots with the corresponding Miller indices, gathering the requisite statistics for merging and integration. established data processing suites such as CrystFEL and DIALS .