In the Severson dataset, the authors artificially amplified the cell-to-cell variability by changing the charging protocols (two constant current (CC) steps varied across cells, followed by a constant current, constant voltage (CCCV) step). As a result, the cycle life (defined as the cycle number when the capacity reaches 80% of nominal value) varied between 148 and 2,237 cycles. The discharge conditions, on the other hand, were kept constant for all cells, providing a common diagnostic across cycling conditions. In Figure , we define a feature classification scheme, specific to this dataset, reflecting how these features are derived: