K A-BL signifies how protein B facilitates binding of ligand L to protein A. When K A-BL > K A-L (α < 1, i.e., negative cooperativity), the presence of protein B impedes binding, whereas when K A-BL = K A-L (α = 1, i.e., no cooperativity), protein B has no impact. On the other hand, when K A-BL < K A-L (α > 1, i.e., positive cooperativity), protein B facilitates binding. The maximal concentration of a ternary complex is reached when the most limiting molecule present is completely aggregated in ternary form, i.e.,