Petrochemical Products A water-soluble polymer such as PVA can be synthesized via hydrolysis poly(vinyl acetate) . It exhibits high transparency, high strength, good flexibility, and high biocompatibility. However, it has a high density of -OH groups; it is hard to shape via conventional processes such as melting methods. However, it can be easily blended with other materials via a mixing procedure. PVA-based materials were widely used for resistance random access memory . PVP is another water-soluble polymer. It can be synthesized via the radical polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone . PVP displays high chemical resistance, easy processability, high transparency, good biocompatibility, and low cost. PVP was used for several applications, such as wearable electronic devices and gas sensors . Natural polymers exhibit good intrinsic biocompatibility and enzymatic degradability, enabling intensive applications for biomedical applications (Figure ). Biodegradable polymers are common clinical polymers, including polyglycolide, polylactides, and polycaprolactone. They can be classified as molecular, microstructural, and macroscopic. The properties of biodegradable polymers can be evaluated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, mass loss profiles, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM).