To demonstrate the power of our system and its potential to convert raw biowaste mixtures, the same reaction conditions were extended to other lignocellulosic biomass substrates (Table ). Thus, 12 wt% yield of GVL is obtained from wheat straw after 24 hours, which is increased to 18 wt% after 48 hours. This yield accounts for 46% of the theoretical limit of 39 wt% . Further continuing the reaction to 72 hours results in a slight decrease of the yield. Moreover, these initial results validate the versatility of the catalytic system towards valorizing different carbohydrate-rich biomass sources to GVL with approximately 90 mol% yield in each of the six-steps of the reaction pathway. With bamboo stem, 14 wt% yield of GVL is obtained after 48 hours, and LA was still detected in the reaction medium. Extending the reaction hours to 96 hours completely consumed the LA and afforded 20 wt% GVL, corresponding to 46% of the theoretical limit of 43 wt% . Paper accounts for around 26% of total waste at landfills, contributing to air pollution and waste problems . Paper rich in cellulosic content can be utilized in this transformation and after 24 hours, 18 wt% GVL was obtained under the optimized reaction conditions. Extending the time to 48 hours increased the yield to 22 wt%. Miscanthus, a perennial grass and an agricultural waste, contains high cellulosic content . Indeed, 12 wt% of GVL was obtained after 72 hours, by when the reaction seemed complete (no LA left). Pistachio production and related dehulling processes generate large quantities of agricultural waste. Taking into consideration the generation volume (approximately 660,000 tons) and lignocellulosic structure, pistachio residues can also be sustainably utilized to yield value-added compounds . Therefore, pistachio shells have been employed for this transformation as well, and a 12 wt% yield of GVL is obtained after 48 hours (26% ). Biowaste such as used coffee grounds, banana peel, and potato peel were also tested. Despite having various valuable chemical components, used coffee grounds are in general considered as waste that ends up in landfills. Moreover, it is estimated that over 15 Mtpa of spent coffee grounds is produced . Food waste represents 60% of the total municipal biowaste in the EU and is estimated to contribute to global warming Standard reaction conditions: Beech wood (91 mg, corresponding to 0.26 mmol hemicellulose and 0.28 mmol cellulose ), Ru-MACHO-BH (1.65 mg, 0.0028 mmol), H2O at 140 °C and 30 bar H2, a Determined by GC-FID. Yields are calculated with respect to dry biomass. b 1:1 V/V EtOH/H2O (1 mL) corresponding to 186 Mt of CO2 equivalent . Gratifyingly, employing the same reaction conditions on these biowaste feedstocks led to good GVL yields from all of them. Thus, 10 wt% was obtained from both banana peel and potato peel, whereas 11 wt% was achieved from used coffee grounds. These yields represent 28-41 mol% of the theoretical maximum yields . Therefore, this approach demonstrates the feasibility and potential of utilizing such day-to-day generated waste as feedstock towards fuels and chemicals.