Stimuli-responsive actuators have garnered significant attention in diverse fields, including biomimetic robotics, healthcare devices, and human-robot interaction systems, due to their capacity to convert external stimuli (e.g., light, heat, humidity, electricity, magnetism, chemicals) into mechanical energy. Within this domain, soft robotics has emerged as an important category, distinguished by its high degree of deformability. The core of soft robotics lies in stimuli-responsive soft materials. Traditionally, these have included dielectric or liquid crystal elastomers, hydrogels, magnetic materials, and shape memory polymers. Recent advancements have brought 2D materials to the forefront of this field. Starting with graphene, 2D materials have exhibited great potential as stimuli-responsive soft materials due to their large surface-to-volume ratio, mechanical flexibility, and extraordinary electrical and thermal properties, as well as their capacity to transduce diverse external stimuli into functional responses. Among 2D materials, the transition metal carbide (TMC, also known as MXene), particularly Ti 3 C 2 T x , has emerged as a promising candidate. Ti 3 C 2 T x exhibits high electrical conductivity due to its metallic nature and high density of free electrons, which positively correlates with its photothermal conversion efficiency. Proof-of-concept Ti 3 C 2 T x actuators have demonstrated rapid light-responsiveness, particularly in the near-infrared region, and strong force actuation. The conductivity of Ti 3 C 2 T x is significantly influenced by their surface terminations (T x ), which are determined by synthesis and post-processing methods. Recently, minimally intensive layer delamination (MILD) is the most prevalent and high-output acid etching method for Ti 3 C 2 T x synthesis. However, Ti 3 C 2 T x produced by the MILD method typically contains numerous -F terminations due to the LiF precursor, which is detrimental to electrical conductivity. Therefore, post-treatment following MILD to engineer surface chemistry with desired termination groups is imperative to enhance the performance of light-driven TMC soft robotics. Common surface termination tailoring methods include heat treatment, solvothermal treatment, and chemical grafting.