Furthermore, samples must represent the investigated microbiome, which can be challenging if the studied environment consists of heterogeneous biomass (e.g., feces, or soil). Microbial samples also require microbiome preservation if transportation before sample workup is required. Various strategies have been investigated recently to address this challenge. The subsequent metaproteomic sample preparation can be time-consuming because it often requires extensive extraction and purification steps, depending on the complexity of the sample matrix . Common metaproteomics workflows begin with homogenization, cell lysis, protein extraction, and purification steps, followed by proteolytic digestion of proteins and subsequent mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis. While numerous protocols are available in the literature describing metaproteomics, these have been commonly adapted to the specific microbial complexity, types of impurities, biomass content, and the scientific questions being addressed (e.g., deep proteome coverage, focus on central metabolic pathways, or identification of extracellular enzymes). For instance, microbiomes from water samples generally contain fewer impurities and instead require concentration of the microbial populations before cell lysis and protein extraction.