Due to the favorable physical and chemical properties of the copolymers, as well as their excellent printability, we selected the copolymers with 70% of hard segment, both with and without modification with PEG (PBS-DLS 70-30 and PBS-DLS-PEG 70-25-05 copolymers) ,( ), for fabrication of the multilayered vascular grafts. The analysis of the copolymers' melt processibility confirmed their suitability for advanced manufacturing techniques, particularly 3D printing and the parameters of the 3D printer for the copolymers were carefully optimized, ensuring precise and reproducible results . This crucial finding paved the way for the fabrication of the tunica media-like structure mimicking the middle layer of a tubular graft, utilizing the 3D printed tubular structure as a template for the electrospinning in template-assisted manner. Various pore geometries, including circular and rectangular shapes, were explored. Through systematic experimentation, it has been found that the hexagonal pore design yielded superior results in terms of programmability and printing precision because hexagonal geometries offer a higher degree of packing efficiency compared to circles, and wider angle corners compare to rectangular, which is beneficial for the 3D printing process, especially FFF technique, as close angle corners can create swell or twist at the corners . Comparative analyses of scaffolds with hexagonal, rectangular, and triangular pores have shown that hexagonal geometries promote the highest cell growth, attributed to the higher number of corners and the shorter distances between arches which allows for faster cell bridging compared to other geometries .