The other origin, being static in nature, associates with the frustrations in the static orientational correlations among the solvent dipoles. This is important for network solvents such as water where the three-dimensional H-bond network forces the molecular dipoles to orient favourably, producing a high value for the Kirkwood g factor (𝑔 𝐾 ≈ 3.7) in the liquid phase. The Kirkwood factor (𝐺 𝑘 ) estimates the dipolar correlations and is defined as, 112