Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising approach to CO₂ reduction, particularly in the context of polymer synthesis under light. Photocatalysts like titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) are used to activate CO₂ under UV or visible light. The process involves using photons to excite the photocatalyst, which then facilitates the reduction of CO₂ to reactive intermediates capable of undergoing polymerization. This method is attractive due to its sustainability and the potential for solar-driven CO₂ conversion. However, challenges remain in improving the efficiency of photocatalysts, their stability under reaction conditions, and the scalability of the process for industrial applications [26].