At this capacity, FMO is known to exhibit a stable electrode poten-al of approximately 3 V vs. Li + /Li. Thus, we employed this halflithiated FMO thin film as a reference electrode in the XRD measurements. For the XRD measurements, a three-electrode cell was configured with another FMO thin film as the nega-ve electrode, the remaining LCO thin film as the posi-ve electrode, and the halflithiated FMO thin film as the reference electrode. The FMO thin film was then (dis)charged with the cut-off voltages of -0.45 and 0.35 V vs. the reference FMO electrode, and at (dis)charging current densi-es ranging from 0.51 to 51 µA/cm 2 , corresponding to Crates of approximately 0.15C to 15C.