For the case of the target olefin yield, for instance, local transport, site isolation, surface redox activity, and surface restructuring are the important underlying processes indicated by the parameters specific surface area, surface RAE content, and RAE oxidation state. To achieve high olefin yields, the catalyst must have a high specific surface area, a low concentration of surface RAE, and the ability to change the surface RAE oxidation state under reaction conditions with respect to vacuum. In the case of the desired formation of valuable oxygenates, the catalyst must also display specific surface sites on which reactants, intermediates, or products might adsorb.