Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a prognostic and predictive marker for breast cancer and is associated with poor clinical outcome. HER2 overexpression supposedly correlates with resistance to hormonal therapy and to CMF (cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil) chemotherapy regimen. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by normal prostate cells. Although PSA is not a rightful diagnostic test for prostate cancer, rapidly escalating values of PSA in blood may be related to prostate cancer. Since tests for PSA levels in serum have been introduced into the clinic, early diagnosis of prostate cancer has been modernized, and much has been discovered about this assay. PSA tests helps in evaluating the response to therapy, monitoring tumor progression, as well as identifying men for whom a prostate biopsy would be appropriate. Data from the NIH indicates a 44% drop in prostate tumors mortality since PSA testing has become widely available in the early 1990s. Estrogen/Progesterone receptors are breast cancer biomarkers, which are prognostic of outcomes, as well as predictive of response to certain therapies. These markers can be distinguished by using immunohistochemistry and fluorescence assays -fast and cost-effective detection methods. These molecular markers give the adequate prediction of the prognosis of cancer recurrence and progress. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is a commonly expressed by epithelial ovarian cancers, but also by various other gynecologic, such as cervical, endometrial, and fallopian tube cancers, as well as by some non-gynecologic cancers, such as pancreatic, breast, colon, lung, and thyroid cancers. In Figure we present a mind map of the cancer biomarkers research area, with indication of the number of documents related to each subcategory. The type of molecule / structure applied as a biomarker and its functionality are the areas attracting most attention.