A promising progress in developing alternative source sustainable AF (SAFs) derived from Power-to-Liquid (PtL) pathways. In the PtL process, H2 is typically obtained through water electrolysis. The electricity used for electrolysis is often sourced from renewable energy systems such as solar, wind, or hydropower. As for the carbon source, CO2 is commonly sourced from various industrial processes, such as power plants, cement production, and steel manufacturing, where it is emitted as a byproduct, as well as directly from the atmosphere. The PtL process can help mitigate GHG emissions by converting CO2 into valuable liquid fuels, thereby contributing to carbon neutrality or even carbon negativity . It was revealed that the system's electrical efficiency is higher when the solid oxide electrolyzer operates in co-electrolysis mode compared to the steam mode for many hydrocarbon-based fuel production systems . The PtL pathways produce synthetic fuels known as eFuel, which offer a potential solution to decarbonize the aviation industry.