To further evaluate the distribution of steps, we examined the step-height of consecutive steps (figure ). With higher E11 starting intensities, the step heights (area inside the wave for each individual intensity relative to the others) increased slightly, and consecutive steps had comparable heights (Figure and 5f, figure ). This finding makes sense considering the typical length of our SWCNTs (around 1000 nm) and the typical diffusion length (100 nm) of excitons . In the limit of low defect numbers, they can be considered independent and exciton trapping is independent. This interconnection is also relevant for the question how short a SWCNT with a single quantum defect could be for maximal quantum yield . Given that we did not observe many multistep reactions the statistics were not unambiguous enough to perform the step height comparison for step numbers of two or more.