Plants have been, apart from constituting about 80% of the food humans around the world consume , about 90% of the oxygen animals on earth breath now , significant portion of our clothing materials (although this is changing due to increasing use of synthetic fibers in textile industries) , significant portion of the construction materials , perfumes, food additives/flavors and carminatives , indispensable part of human health care system as both preventive as well as curative agents since antiquity . These plants used as medicines are called medicinal plant which by definition are any plants containing substances in one or more of their organs, that can be used for therapeutic purposes or which are precursors for the synthesis of useful drug . Over the past many years, medicinal plants have helped many kind in his fight against illnesses caused by different pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses , malaria , fungus , bacteria , and also non-communicable diseases such as diabetes , cancer , high blood pressure , and many more. These substances called secondary metabolites synthesized in medicinal Plants are believed to be responsible for the healing of the various illness that affect humans . This belief might be vindicated by the fact that significant number of lifesaving drugs have been derived from different plant species, for instance antimalarial drugs quinine and quinidine were isolated from Cinchona species and artemisinins was isolated from sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua) , chemotherapeutic drugs vincristine and vinblastine effective for the treatment of several types of cancer such as leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and Wilms tumor were isolated from Catharanthus roseus , and reserpine which is used to treat high blood pressure was isolated from Rauvolfia species . As the search for new plant species and biotechnologically modifying the genes of existing ones is going, so is the search for new therapeutic agents from different organs of these plant species, in order to combat the growing threats posed by antimicrobial resistant pathogens . We, here, reported the anti-bacterial activity guided phytochemical study on the root bark extract of Rubia cordifolia.