As the textile industry progresses towards greater sustainability, several innovative technologies have emerged that promise to revolutionize eco-friendly dyeing processes. These advancements, thoroughly studied and showing significant potential, aim to reduce environmental impact while maintaining or enhancing dyeing efficiency. This section highlights three such promising technologies: plasma technology, digital textile printing with biodegradable inks, and microbial dyeing. Plasma technology is gaining recognition as a sustainable method for textile surface modification. This technology uses ionized gas to alter the surface properties of textile fibers, enhancing dye uptake and fixation without the need for water or chemicals (Figure ). By significantly reducing water and chemical consumption, plasma technology also improves dye adherence and color fastness. Plasma treatment has demonstrated substantial improvements in the hydrophilicity of polyester fabrics, leading to enhanced dye uptake and uniformity . Additionally, plasma-treated cotton fibers have shown improved color fastness and reduced dye bleeding, making the process highly effective for various textile materials . However, the high initial setup costs and the need for specialized equipment present significant challenges. Further research is necessary to optimize plasma parameters for different textile materials and dye types to fully realize its potential Digital textile printing, already recognized for its environmental benefits, has been further enhanced by the development of biodegradable inks. These inks, derived from natural sources, are designed to degrade harmlessly after use, thereby minimizing environmental impact. This method offers precise dye application with minimal waste, maintaining high print resolution and color accuracy. Recent developments have produced biodegradable inks using natural pigments and binders, achieving vibrant colors and excellent print quality on various fabrics . Studies have also confirmed the biodegradability of these inks, showing that they decompose without leaving harmful residues . The stability and performance of biodegradable inks over time need to be ensured, and efforts are required to scale up production and reduce costs to make these inks more accessible.