Graphene is a two-dimensional material made of a monolayer of sp 2 -hybridised carbon atoms organised as a hexagonal lattice . The discovery of some of its properties in 2004 represented an unprecedented breakthrough in fundamental physics, which was recognised with the attribution of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 . The enthusiasm generated by its unique combination of structural, mechanical, optical and electronic properties has quickly spread across a variety of scientific disciplines including physics, chemistry, material sciences and more recently biomedical sciences . As a result, a variety of scalable production methods have been developed to overcome the low throughput of the original micromechanical exfoliation of graphite layers down to single-layer graphene, including chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and liquid phase exfoliation of graphite in low surface energy solvents . Such a variety led to the rise of a whole family of graphene-based 2D materials (GBMs), exhibiting various structural and physicochemical properties .