The respective compounds were dissolved in toluene, THF, or DMF and their absorbance in the UV-Vis spectrum was adjusted to ca. 0.10 at the wavelength of excitation. Steady-state fluorescence emission spectra were obtained upon excitation at 445-500 nm. The fluorescence quantum yields (Φf) for the AL(DIPY)3 chelates were calculated with rhodamine 6G (Φf = 0.94 in EtOH), or coumarin 153 (Φf = 0.38 in EtOH) as standard references. The fluorescence quantum yield was determined by equation S1 (1 s integration time; 3 nm excitation slit; 3 nm emission slit).