To localize phosvitin, a primary phosvitin antibody conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 (sc-46681, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) stock solution was diluted 50 times in PBS buffer. 10% v/v of the diluted solution was added to 400 μL of the phosvitin containing model emulsion. For staining apoB in the ternary apoB/phospholipid/SDS model emulsion, we first diluted 22.6 µl of the primary human apoB mouse antibody from the 8.85 mg/ml of stock solution (MBS530791, MyBioSource) in PBS buffer in a 1 ml final volume to obtain 200 μg/ml concentration. Then, a secondary anti-mouse antibody conjugated to Alexa 555 (ab150118, Abcam) was diluted 10 times from the 2 mg/ml stock solution into the same solution and incubated at ambient temperature for an hour. Further, the mixture of the antibodies was diluted 50 times in PBS buffer (4 µg/ml), and 40 µl of the diluted solution was added to 360 μL of the LDL-based emulsion.