Other key applications of nanosensors appear to be related to environmental monitoring and the agriculture and food industry -these applications account for a sizeable fraction of publications (Figure ) and show a steady increase in publications perhaps more pronounced after 2014 (Figure ). Environmental monitoring consists of detecting levels of heavy metals and monitoring of water quality. For an informative perspective on nanosensors for monitoring water quality please see Vikesland. Agriculture and food industry related applications includes detection of contaminants (including pathogens) in food samples -example of commercially available nanosensors include RapidChek which has developed a line of sensors capable of rapidly detecting pathogens such as Salmonella, E. Coli and Listeria 191 in food samples.