Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be removed via the conversion of CO2 into valuable chemicals (Figure ) . It can be converted via chemical reaction (Figure ), photocatalysis, and electrochemical methods (Figure ). The chemical transformation of CO2 can be achieved via cycloaddition with epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates, hydrogenation, N-formaylation , and synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from CO2 and methanol (Figure ). The following sections summarize most of the findings for these topics.