q |c q,m c q,n | is on the same order as the ratio between the number of C-H bonds in the system to the square of the number of electrons in the system (≈ 1 7 for benzene); therefore decreasing as system size increases. Equation 44 is a simplified representation of Equation , however here only C-H transition participating modes are considered , drastically simplifying the problem. Konyshev and co-workers applied this simplified model to tetraoxa circulene at three different levels of theory, and found an internal conversion rate on the order of 10 6 s -1 . Valiev and co-workers examine tetraphenylporphyrin coupled to both ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid and diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid with internal conversion rate constants of 6.7 × 10 7 s -1 and 8.7 × 10 7 s -1 , respectively, while later calculating rates on the order of 10 6 s -1 for numerous chromophores.