Cellular reprogramming includes the conversion of terminally differentiated mature cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs). This process involves complete dedifferentiation, i.e. somatic cell identity has been erased as cells are converted to a pluripotent state. Reprogramming-induced rejuvenation strategy termed epigenetic rejuvenation implicates using a cocktail of four factors known as Yamanaka factors, a finding for which a Nobel prize was awarded in 2012. Indeed, it was shown that overexpression of four transcription factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, referred to as "OSKM" factors or the "Yamanaka factors") reorganizes the epigenetic landscape and converts somatic cells to a IPSCs. The process of rejuvenation by cellular reprogramming results in the amelioration of certain aging hallmarks such as mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere attrition, changes in epigenetic alterations, genomic instability, and senescence. Furthermore, it has been recognized that cellular identity is determined by epigenetic changes, rather than by genomic DNA alterations. The process of generating iPSCs has been improved with time, and has also been accomplished via chemical induction, rather than gene expression. IPSCs have effectively unlimited regenerative ability and offer the potential for tissue replacement to counteract age-induced decline. Thus, iPSCs induction offer the potential of directed, personalized regenerative therapy for currently incurable diseases, such as certain neurodegenerative diseases, heart infarction, diabetes, and others. Partial cellular reprogramming in mice has demonstrated promising results in alleviating age-associated symptoms without increasing the risk of cancer.