Therefore, reasonable improvement in either biomass yield or oil content may enable this oilcane line to present economic advantages over sugarcane at a biorefinery producing microbial oil. On the other hand, the oilcane line with the highest oil content (oilcane 1580) has a biomass yield (4.9 DMT•ha -1 •y -1 ) that is 62.0 % lower than the 5 th percentile of the competitive yield (16.0 [12.9, 18.6] % in the ICF configuration). At such a low biomass yield, only improving the biomass yield may result in financial competitiveness. Assuming a target of engineering highly productive C4 crops with 10 dw % oil content by 2027, we propose to establish a lower limit in biomass yield to conservatively dictate whether the engineered oil crop is more financially viable than its non-engineered counterpart. A prospective "target" oilcane line could have an oil content of 10 dw % and biomass yield of 18.0 DMT•ha -1 •y -1 (the maximum competitive biomass yield in the DC configuration; Figure ).