Besides the end-RFU of the NSA, we also wanted to quantify the same using a relative valuation. This was achieved by the normalization of the same by of "cDNA alone" well end-RFU with respect to the primer-assisted LRCA. Accordingly, this was computed as the percentage end-RFU of "cDNA alone" control with respect to that of end-RFU of the primer assisted LRCA from the same experiment (e.g., 6.4% in Figure ). This parameter was termed normalized non-specific amplification (NNSA). Similarly, for hyperbranched RCA (HRCA) assays, the percentage of end-RFU of cDNA with HRCA was computed with respect to that of end-RFU for HRCA primer assisted HRCA from the same experiment (e.g., 137% in Figure ). Since NNSA involved normalization factors (end-RFUs from primer assisted LRCA or HRCA) from the same experiment, it was anticipated to take into account any possible human, pipetting, or other instrument errors. Accordingly, the non-specific amplification (NSA) measurements in this manuscript have thus been presented as double Y-axis plots, representing both end-RFU for "cDNA alone" (or cDNA with HRCA for HRCA assays) controls as well as NNSA as a function of various conditions tested (below). Besides, the raw amplification profiles with stated baseline corrections have been included in the Supporting Information. With these stated quantifications, our objective in this study was to find condition(s) that would have the lowest possible end-RFU (thereby having a flat baseline) and 5 -10% (or less) NNSA. The results of the NSA quantification are summarized in Table .