Where ∆𝜀 energy offset and Γ = (Γ L + Γ R )/2 , 𝑒𝑉 is the applied bias measured in electron volts. And the finite resistance arises at the interface between electrode and molecule, expressed as quantum conductance2e 2 /ℎ. We can see, more and more approximations were applied from Eq 1 to Eq 3, so the applicability should in principle reduce from Eq 1 to Eq 3 accordingly.