Herein we build on our previous work in which we demonstrated growth of functional bioelectronics in 2D cell layers and begin to address these challenges by improving our understanding of the optimal inputs for MW growth, understanding the effect of bipolar electrochemical system (BES) design (i.e., geometry, orientation, and size of BPEs) on MW growth and optimising MW growth using AC current. This allows for proof of concept for the merging of in-situ grown bioelectronics with 3D cell cultures.