The study also highlighted the critical role of the gene Psat03G0042600-T1 during germination, which was linked to Cu/Zn-SOD and exhibited the highest level in Sweet crispy under natural condition (Fig. ). This gene was highly expressed in the roots and stems of Vicia faba L, and the roots, stems, cotyledons of Sweet crispy (Fig. ). Interestingly, a slight down-regulation of the gene Psat03G0042600-T1 was observed when seeds were cultivated in alkaline conditions compared to those grown in pure water. The study also found a significant up-regulation of the gene Psat04G0407200-T1 under alkaline conditions (Fig. ), which was associated with Fe/Mn-SOD , This up-regulation was particularly notable in the roots of Sweet crispy, showing 21-fold increase compared to plants grown in pure water (Fig. ).