Based on the above experiments and analysis, a proposed mechanism was proposed as illustrated in Figure . Unlike the previously reported Haber reaction mechanism , the reduction of nitrobenzene could be achieved through the phenylhydroxylamine (PhNHOH) intermediate but not via the PhNO intermediate We prepared a Pd/Fe magnetic bimetallic catalyst supported on N-doped carbon materials to reduce nitrobenzene to aniline under mild conditions without the formation of by-products. The Pd content is only 0.5%. Through the catalytic effect of Pd and Fe bimetals, the N-doped graphene support can provide more active sites, and the magnetic catalyst is easy to separate and easy to recover. For the hydrogenation of nitro compounds, Pd/Fe@N/C shows the best catalytic activity under mild reaction conditions of 0.8 MPa H2 and 40°C, achieving 100 mol% nitrobenzene conversion and 99% aniline selection. Many halogen-substituted and aliphatic nitro compounds have been studied, and target products with excellent selectivity have been obtained. Because the catalyst is magnetic and easy to separate, the continuous flow process is considered for further exploration in the later stage. The excellent mass and heat transfer performance of the continuous flow process will further make the reaction conditions milder, and strive to achieve the conversion at room temperature.