The development of advanced DNA sequencing techniques offers a promising approach for monitoring the abundance of ARGs in the environment . High throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has also been utilised to reflect expected clinical resistance trends across Europe . Complexities of AMR require all proxies (e.g. antimicrobials, genes, co-factors) to be studied simultaneously to give a full picture of AMR prevalence at a community level. 25 AAs --Athens, Greece 7 days, prepandemic 15 days in 2020 45 AAs Anhydro erythromycin Acetylsulfamethoxazole Metagenomic untargeted shotgun sequencing 12 WWTPs, 6 countries 14 influent samples each site Due to the multifaceted nature of AMR, the One Health approach has proved a valuable framework for tackling this complex issue. One Health aims at holistic understanding and management of public and environmental health, and has been successfully adopted in AMR research with considerable global human and animal health, food security, and safety impacts. One Health studies aim to incorporate a dynamic set of biological, chemical, and socioeconomic indicators that are difficult to unravel. Whilst AA and ARG analysis have been undertaken internationally many studies focus on shorter sampling periods. There is a lack of studies occurring over longer periods, investigating how ARGs (used as proxy for AMR prevalence) correlate with AAs generated by whole communities. Longer term wastewater monitoring of AAs will capture both fluctuating and consistent consumption patterns between seasons, and can therefore complement e prescription data. Evidence can also be generated on the relationship between the abundance of AAs and associated ARGs in these communities.