The model calculated the amount of mechanical recycling from the amount of waste based on the assumed mechanical recycling rates for each industry sector. Waste that was not mechanically recycled was cascaded to upstream chemical recycling (e.g., depolymerization and solvent-based recycling) and subsequently to downstream chemical recycling (e.g., pyrolysis and gasification). Upstream chemical recycling was addressed in the demand model because it reduced the demand for the seven basic chemicals. In contrast, downstream chemical recycling was accounted for in the supply model because it did not affect the demand for the seven basic chemicals but rather generated feedstocks for these seven chemicals. An annual recycling rate was assumed for each recycling method between 2020 and 2050, while the amount of recycling was capped by waste availability.