Electrification technologies such as Power-to-Gas (PtG) or Power-to-Liquid (PtL) technologies have been identified as promising approaches to provide load flexibility and facilitate integration of renewable power in the grid . Specifically, these units can strategically convert excess power from the grid (or power at low prices) into chemical products, which can then be used during periods of power scarcity (or power at high prices). This Power-to-X concept has been investigated in diverse processes, such as methanol syenthesis . Producing chemicals using electricity can also provide enormous storage and/or absorption capacities for excess power. As such, the Power-to-X approach provides a pathway to decarbonize the chemical sector and the power grid. Unfortunately, most studied processes have been found to be economically infeasible (primarily due to the high cost of electricity). A set of techno-economic analysis (TEA) studies show that Power-to-X technologies are usually not cost-competitive compared with traditional fossil-based technologies . For instance, producing methanol via an electrified process has been found to be economically unattractive, with the production cost being 1.3-2.6 times higher than that of the current fossil-based counterpart . Hydrogen production has been found to be the most critical factor that affects the economy of electrified variants; meanwhile, 60-70% of the electrolytic hydrogen cost results from electricity supply costs . Consequently, the economic viability of electrified process variants relies heavily on electricity market conditions. The 2020 average wholesale real time market (RTM) electricity price in the US was 21.03 USD/MWh but significant spatiotemporal variability was also observed (Figure ) . In the Midwest region of the US (which includes Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) the average wholesale electricity price was in the range of 13.6-19.04 USD/MWh. In Figure , we also observe that the negative price frequency of the wind-rich central region was in the range of 10-20%. These negative prices result from excess power supply and create an economic incentive to use power (users get paid to use power). Figure provides further evidence that US wholesale electricity markets are highly volatile. This volatility is expected to increase as more renewables are injected into the grid. Electricity price volatility also differs by the type of market. For instance, the RTM changes every 15 mins, while the electricity price of the day-ahead market (DAM) varies every hour. The standard deviation of RTM (measure of volatility) is 33% higher than that of the DAM. The high volatility of energy markets is a manifestation of the impact of renewable power fluctuations in grid operations and opens opportunities to deploy flexible, electrified manufacturing systems.