As can be observed in the graph, an induction period of approximately 10 minutes is observed, due to the need to activate the Ru molecular complex to reach its high oxidation states that lead to water oxidation catalysis and the need to saturate aqueous solution with oxygen. Related experiments under exactly the same conditions but using different total volumes (Fig. ) show that as the total volume decreases from 6 to 1 mL the generation of O2 also decreases.