This study is driven by the compelling applications demonstrated by a specific DES, the combination of choline-chloride (ChCl) and lactic acid (LA) (see Figure ), in biomass treatment. Belonging to the class of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), ChCl:LA o↵ers promise as a green solvent due to its derivation from readily available natural compounds . Moreover, its cost-e↵ectiveness and abundant raw materials position it as an ideal candidate for biomass processing . Remarkably, ChCl:LA exhibits outstanding lignin extraction yields from biomass ], yet the molecular mechanisms driving this extraction remain a subject of ongoing investigation . Intriguingly, the performance of ChCl:LA is highly contingent on the ChCl:LA ratio, with a higher proportion of LA leading to enhanced e ciency. Notably, a high molar ratio of ChCl:LA, particularly at 1:10, has been found to am- plify lignin extraction and depolymerization e ciency , although the underlying cause of this phenomenon remains elusive.