In general, the damage response from the single particle model corresponds with that of the experiment -high levels of damage are found to occur at a charged state of 4.5 V. The present model indicates that this is a result of the anisotropic deformation of the primary particle lattice and their random orientation relative to their neighbouring crystal within the secondary particle agglomerate. The relationship between lattice strains and degree of lithiation, as measured by Xu et al. is shown in figure ; we highlight the points of crack initiation, and progression of fracture (i-iii), which correspond with the same markings on the voltage response in figure and the damage and stress profiles of figure 5e. Note that the damage variable in figure shows damage when = 1 and undamaged otherwise. The principal stress profiles of figure 5e highlight a) the significant degree of heterogeneity in the stress response as a result of the randomly oriented primary particles, b) their transversely isotropic behaviour when lithiated and c) the high levels of tensile stresses that exist within the particles from c-axis stretching and the tensile stresses at the boundaries due to the tendency for particles to pull away from one another as they contract due to delithiation.