was left in the medium by 5min. Then, at 20min, the said treatment also led to the best outcome across treatments (~77% residual Cu 2+ ), Fig. and Supplementary Materials Table . Overall, the produced partially zinc-augmented ZSM-5 effectively mitigated pollution via two simultaneous mechanisms of copper extraction. The first is the adsorption of Cu 2+ due to the permeability and active sites of the zinc-free mesoporous surface .