The DFT calculated contribution of each kind of oxygen atom to the ELNELS spectrum is shown in Figure . Indeed, the ELNES spectrum of the oxygen coordinated to W 5+ and to W 6+ in pentagonal bipyramid (marked red, orange, and yellow) are substantially different from the rest of the oxygens, especially as regards the local maxima around 4-8 eV. together with relatively lower intensities of the peaks in 0-4 eV. The EELS spectrum was described by five line markings (Figure ). The most prominent signal (A) is formed predominantly by Ow6+ octahedra (blue) which are prevalent in the lattice. The signal (B) could be described as shoulder in 4-6 eV range and is considerably weaker since the oxygen atoms forming it are not so abundant (Oxygens in pentagonal bipyramidal features and in coordination with W 5+ -W 5+ pair -orange, yellow and red). The peak (C) consists of contribution of oxygen atoms in [WO6] octahedra (blue), similarly to the peak (A). The last attributed peak (D) consists of multiple oxygens but again mainly from the ones in octahedra (blue). The spectrum is therefore mainly formed from oxygen atoms in octahedral coordination. Yet the specific acquisition from (010) or b-axis view could influence the ELNES spectrum due to diffraction 52 effects and channeling. Therefore, the specific orientation of the acquisition may affect the ELNES fine structure. Such effects could explain the minor discrepancies between the calculated ELNES spectrum and the experimentally acquired one (Figure ).