Peptides have been mainly used in anti-aging cosmetics and cosmeceuticals, to repair skin aging signs like wrinkles and sagging. They have been found effective also at hair regrowth stimulation as well as weight loss. Furthermore, peptides were reported useful for treating rheumatoid arthritis 648 and as analgesics 649 . Peptide supplementation modified energy metabolism and oxidative stress, improved endurance and decreases fatigue in experimental animals. Because of their hydrophilicity, peptides for use in skin cosmetics are commonly lipidated by esterification with an alkyl (most often palmitoyl) chain, to enhance their penetration through the highly lipophilic stratum corneum. Exemplary anti-aging peptides are shown in Table . The mechanism of action of many anti-agent agents is often related to multiple aging hallmarks and refers to several anti-aging strategies. In Figure we have exemplified certain correlations between some anti-aging drugs, hallmarks of aging (A), and anti-aging strategies (B).