Because of its implication in a large assortment of diseases and disorders, TBK1 is a promising therapeutic target for the development of drugs aimed at modulating immune responses and treating various diseases. TBK1 inhibitors are compounds that can selectively block the activity of TBK1, potentially offering therapeutic benefits in various diseases where TBK1 is dysregulated or overactive. Research into TBK1 inhibitors has gained considerable attention due to the role of TBK1 in immunity, inflammation, and other cellular processes, as well as its implication in diseases such as cancer, autoimmune disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions. Several small molecule inhibitors targeting TBK1 have been developed and studied in preclinical and early clinical research. These inhibitors typically work by binding to specific regions of TBK1 and interfering with its kinase activity, thus preventing its downstream signaling and biological effects. One of the primary motivations for developing TBK1 inhibitors is their potential as anti-cancer agents. TBK1 has been implicated in promoting tumor growth and progression in certain types of cancer by enhancing cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. Inhibiting TBK1 activity could potentially suppress these cancer-promoting effects and enhance the efficacy of other anti-cancer treatments. Furthermore, TBK1 inhibitors are also being investigated for their potential in treating autoimmune disorders and inflammatory conditions. Since TBK1 plays a role in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation, inhibiting its activity could help modulate aberrant immune activation and reduce inflammation associated with autoimmune diseases. Despite promising preclinical results, the development of TBK1 inhibitors faces several challenges, including achieving sufficient selectivity to minimize off-target effects, optimizing pharmacokinetic properties for effective delivery and distribution in the body, and ensuring safety and tolerability in clinical settings. Overall, while TBK1 inhibitors represent a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in various diseases, further research and development efforts are needed to fully realize their clinical potential and address the challenges associated with their development.