- ‡ Here, b and l refer to the Kuhn length and bond length between two monomer units each designated as CG bead (or monomer length), respectively. v denotes the monomer volume. Since the polymer chains in our current work are flexible, b, l, and v are estimated to be 1.892σ, 0.965σ, and 1.176σ 3 . As such, the critical grafting density z* = 0.6, and z** = 1.496. Our designed LC, DC, LB, and DB polymer configurations can be visualized in Figure .