To investigate CV+ release from dextran-coated and uncoated nanoparticles at different temperatures and pH conditions. Each nanoparticle (5 mg ) was gently dispersed in PBS (1 mL, various temperature conditions (room, 37°C, 41°C, and 47°C). The sample volume was maintained by adding PBS. The quantity of CV+ released was quantified using UV-visible absorbance. This experiment design allowed for the evaluation of CV+ release kinetics under various temperature and pH conditions.