Based on the need to generate training data, as well as to demonstrate the active ML-based closed-loop pH adjustment process, we developed a robotic platform capable of mixing buffer solutions, measuring pH value and automatically conducting pH adjustment (Figure ). Here, the X/Y/Z labels refer to buffer stock solution that can be pumped into glass vials (24 x 15 mL) positioned on the robotic wheel, acting as an auto sampler. On subsequent positions of the wheel, pH measurement and addition of acid/base can be conducted. After each pH adjustment process, the electrode is cleaned with deionized (DI) water to avoid crosscontamination between the samples. Technical design of the bespoke robotic platform was based on previous studies. We utilized FLab, a Python-based library, for facilitating communication between the motors, pumps, the pH electrode and the implementation of the ML based optimization algorithm. See SI (Figure ) for more detailed images and information on the robotic platform.