The results from these optimization procedures highlight the advantages of utilizing voltage pulses in this context. When it comes to learning degradation mechanisms, the necessity for optimization is evident, and mathematically simplifying the optimization problem becomes important. Voltage pulses offer several distinct advantages. Firstly, they are able to quickly and explicitly approximate extent of degradation with the explicit expression, resulting in a significant reduction in fitting time, often by two orders of magnitude. This efficiency can be highly beneficial in practical applications. In addition, the sensitivity of current pulses is much weaker as compared to voltage pulses, as seen in Fig. . The stronger sensitivity of voltage pulses makes them a more effective diagnostic tool for capturing degradation behavior. Importantly, compared to current pulses, which introduce much nonlinear behavior from the coupled current control equation, fewer population effects are revealed from voltage control systems. Furthermore, voltage pulses are more physically tied to rate capability and directly related to degradation mechanisms as seen in the explicit approximation. The ability to gain deeper insights into the underlying physical mechanisms makes voltage pulses a superior choice in diagnostics.