Figure provides an overview of the steps involved in generating a comprehensive battery dataset of 117 profiles from 23 velocity profiles. The drive cycles are categorized into three sets: 16 drive cycles (mini-trips) for model development, 4 drive cycles for testing the final model, and 3 drive cycles generated for reference. All 23 drive cycles were simulated under three different terrain profiles (uphill, flat plane, and downhill) using a custom-developed EV Simulink model, resulting in 69 route profiles. Of these, 48 route profiles are used for modeling, 12 for testing, and 9 as reference profiles.