By way of contrast, the density of the negolyte exhibits a notable reduction with SoC, leading to a considerably larger (absolute) value of ρ - SoC = -(1.30 + 1.46 (c V -c V,0 ))•10 -2 g cm -3 that grows with c V . These density variations are relevant for VRFB operation, as they have the potential of affecting the fluid dynamics of mixing in the negative tank . The resulting buoyancy induced flows cause the renewed electrolyte to either rise or sink upon discharge in the tank, with a direct impact on capacity utilization confirmed in recent work . Moreover, the value of ρ - T is similar to that of the posolyte, and it also exhibits negligible variations with electrolyte composition. The sulfate concentration does not interact with other parameters and only affects the term ρ j 0 reflecting the dependence on the composition of the discharged electrolyte. Figure shows contour plots of ρ + 0 (top) and ρ - 0 (bottom) in the range of vanadium and sulphates concentrations under study, highlighting the position of the measurement points in the (c V , c S ) plane. As seen in Table , the two electrolytes have very similar values of the coefficients A j -E j , so the maps of ρ j 0 are almost indistinguishable to the naked eye. In summary, the value of ρ j 0 is fundamentally determined by the parameters c V and c S , which are independent of each other, and for given values of these parameters it is practically independent of the electrolyte.