The choice of membrane materials is pivotal to the success of microfluidic devices. Materials like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polycarbonate are commonly employed due to their biocompatibility, flexibility, and ease of fabrication . These materials offer a range of physical properties suitable for different applications, allowing researchers to tailor membranes to specific experimental needs. In summary, membranes in microfluidics play a crucial role in replicating physiological barriers, facilitating cell interactions, and controlling molecular transport. Selecting appropriate membrane materials and properties is key to achieving the desired functionalities and advancing biomedical research applications. This review aims to highlight the importance of the synergy between membrane technology and microfluidics to create more sophisticated and biologically relevant microfluidic platforms. In this paper, the laws governing mass transport across membranes are introduced; then the current state and future perspectives of membrane technologies on organs-on-chip and microfluidic artificial organs are discussed. This work summarizes the roles of membranes in these devices, the required properties, the most suitable materials, and the current limitations to guide researchers in designing more effective membrane-based microfluidic devices.