minutes. An amount of 6 μL of 500 μg/mL stock solution of antibody was added to 300 μL of NPs-hybrid conjugates, resulting in a 50 times dilution (0.1 mg/mL antibodies solution). After the NPs-bioconjugation, the glass slide was functionalized following an optimized protocol, where 30 l of Ab(II) 200 ug/ml were fluxed within the chamber and incubated for 4 minutes.