Specifically, hexagonal pores create more favorable conditions for cellular adhesion and proliferation due to the increased surface area and shorter distances between pore struts . This enhanced packing efficiency not only maximizes the available surface area for cellular interactions but also ensures uniformity and consistency in the scaffold structure. Also, it has already been reported that hexagonal structures provide inherent mechanical stability . The symmetrical arrangement of hexagonal pores distributes mechanical loads more evenly across the scaffold. This uniform stress distribution is vital for ensuring the structural integrity of the tunica media, especially in dynamic physiological environments.