• augmenting metabolic activity in enhancing the resting metabolic rate, protein synthesis in muscles, and lipid oxidation; • boosting muscle performance and body composition by enhancing muscle strength and stamina, maintaining or restoring balance, motor control, and joint flexibility and mobility, as well as decreasing weight and local adiposity, and enhancing muscle mass and bone density. Furthermore, physical exercise exhibits a significant antiaging impact at a cellular level, related to each and every aging hallmark. Thus, exercise plays a role in maintaining genomic stability. Data analysis comprising hundreds of genetic elements from a large number of exercising elderly individuals found a reduction in DNA methylation percentage in dominating number of genes, specifically in genes associated with a cancer-defeating miRNA gene network. Exercise exhibits a beneficial impact on telomere length as well, antagonizing the regular age-provoked telomere attrition. Possible mechanisms have been debated correlating exercise and telomere length declines to alterations in telomerase activity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and reduced skeletal muscle satellite cell content. It has been documented that acute exercise protocols are correlated with increased heat-shock proteins transcription, which indicates potential positive impact of physical activity on proteostasis. Recommendations predicated on the most recent American College of Sports Medicine Guidelines advise that physical exercises for elderly need to involve aerobic exercise, muscle strengthening and endurance training, as well as flexibility and neuromotor exercises.