Varying model parameters allows consideration of the effects of potential structural and chemical changes on the rotary motor (SI section VI B1). Greater chemical gating for either the fueling (Fig. ) or waste-forming reaction (SI section VI B2) increases the current and efficiency by increasing information flow. The former has been achieved by increasing the steric bulk of the barrier-formation catalyst (Fig. ) and the latter by catalysis of barrier removal by a proximal macrocycle (Fig. ). Gating of both fueling and waste-forming reactions (SI section VI B3) was recently demonstrated in a [2]rotaxane information ratchet. Inverting chemical gating is predicted to reverse the direction of the motor and could be achieved if the macrocycle activates, rather than hinders, proximal barrier formation (Fig. ). In the absence of a kinetic preference, or when gating from the fueling and waste-forming reactions cancel out, the motor stops working, as this precludes information flow and hence mechanical dissipation ( Σmech = 0). These results are consistent with kinetic models where kinetic asymmetry predicts the direction of the current. is positive and thus contributes to mechanical dissipation Σmech , while above these lines, information flow is negative, requiring the motor to be driven by positive energy flow ( Ė > 0). Negative energy flow is found below the orange dashed line. e,f, Overall shuttling rate (x-axis) and ratio of shuttling rate between stations (y-axis) are varied. When this ratio diverges from one (indicating non-degenerate binding sites, see Methods), both the current and efficiency drop. The pink + symbol indicates the position expected by changing one fumaramide group to a succinamide. The orange × symbol indicates a position with a 3:1 difference in binding site affinity for the macrocycle.