At this point, the only variables left are the electrode porosity ϵ and the three mass values (active material m AM , conductive carbon m C , binder m B ). The ARTISTIC project Online Calculator was used to calculate porosity and mass of active material as follows: given an electrode formulation, the particle size distribution of the AM and other inputs (listed in SI), the pipeline simulates the whole electrode manufacturing process (slurry mixing, drying, calendering) and returns the electrode's mass loading per area, and its porosity. [32] [34] This simulation step is aimed at providing a more reasonable model of the electrodes' microstructures, hence their mass loading and porosity.