A summary of the fundamentals of CFRP machining is shown in Fig. . In CFRP machining, material removal is achieved by the cutting tool through the shear and fracture of the CFRP, generating both cutting forces and temperature (see Fig. ). Typical machining-induced defects (e.g. delamination, burr, surface roughness) can occur under sub-optimal machining parameters/conditions, as shown in Fig. ). Simultaneously, the cutting tool undergoes significant friction with the highly abrasive fibres, leading to rapid tool wear (see Fig. ) and deteriorated surface quality. Therefore, it is essential to predict and control the process characteristics (force and temperature), surface defects (delamination, burr, surface roughness) and tool wear. This section will provide a brief review of the key influencing parameters and defects involved in the CFRP machining process.