Electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are high-performance energy storage devices known for their rapid charge/discharge capabilities and long cycle lives. These devices typically consist of nanoporous electrodes immersed in electrolyte solutions , with carbon-based materials being the most widely used due to their high surface area and chemical stability . These nanoporous carbons are composed of defective graphene-like fragments that form the pore walls of a three-dimensional porous network with a range of pore sizes .