PVC-U and PVC-AC samples were made through a series of steps called solution processing. First, the PVC and U or AC were weighed to obtain their specific molar ratios (moles of PVC repeat units:moles of U or AC), which ranged from ~1:1 to 1:7 (See appendix A:Sample Inventory in the Supplementary Material). Next, 25 ml of DMF was mixed with 1 g or less of PVC, while 35 ml of methanol was used to dissolve U, AC, and TMU. PVC, U, AC, and TMU were placed in different Erlenmeyer flasks, and their corresponding solvents were poured in along with a stir bar. Since TMU is a liquid no solvent was used. The separate flasks were each placed on a hot plate stirrer and were heated at 60° C and stirred until U and AC dissolved. About 1 ml of the U or AC solution was repeatedly added into the PVC solution with a microliter pipette until all of the U or AC solution was added. The combined solutions were usually left overnight. The precipitates formed were extracted from their solutions through vacuum filtration, which was continued until the precipitate was dry. Next, the precipitate was manually crushed with a mortar and pestle until it was as close to a fine powder as possible and placed into a labeled vial for analysis using FTIR and DSC observations. Physical mixtures were also created for comparison purposes. A physical mixture was made by combining PVC powder with U or AC powders and mixing them together with a mortar and pestle. PVC-TMU physical mixtures were formulated, but the process used was slightly different. Since TMU is a liquid at room temperature, it was added slowly to the PVC solution while being stirred with a lab spatula in a petri dish. This guaranteed that the PVC would be well mixed with the TMU. The PVC-U and PVC-AC physical mixtures were analyzed with FTIR and DSC, while the PVC-TMU physical mixtures were only analyzed with DSC.