Significant outliers from BEP relations on both Cu and Pd catalysts (structures in Figure ) Finally, CH3OH features a unique C-O cleavage mechanism where the CH3 group becomes unattached to the metal surface in the TS on both Cu and Pd catalysts (grey data point in Figure ; structure in Figure ). Here, CH3 adopts a planar configuration indicative of either CH3 + or CH3 • state (unlike strictly non-planar CH3 -). Bader charge analysis in Figure shows that the carbon atom of the CH3 moiety in the TS bears a slightly negative charge, confirming the CH3 • state. The imaginary vibrational mode in these TS shows CH3 • moving into the gas phase, indicating that this cleavage in CH3OH on both metals resembles a classic homolytic bond cleavage, yielding CH3 • and OH*.