Ketene formation temperature dependence. A main question that arose after it was shown that vitamin E acetate produces ketene under vaping conditions is why ketene would form at relatively low vaping temperatures compared to temperatures used in its industrial production. The data herein shows that it forms from cannabinoid acetates with a dabbing surface temperature of 378 °C, as well as from a vape pen operating at a power level with the manufacturer's recommended conditions. Catalysis, viscosity, airflow, device quality and user behavior can each exacerbate toxicant formation, in addition to elevated temperature settings. Importantly, the study herein thus validates the findings of Wu and O'Shea as well as others showing that vaping conditions can lead to ketene formation at apparently lower temperature settings than previously assumed. Study limitations. This work describes a limited set of starting acetates, including three that have been purified and one commercial formulation. Despite the relatively few data points, the acetates, under either dabbing and e-cigarette vaping methods, consistently afforded observable ketene emissions. The reason for the varying levels of ketene observed from the three different dabbed samples is currently still unclear, although all were within the same order of magnitude, when accounting for the fact that CBD-(OAc)2 has two reactive groups. Additional dabbing and vape pen experiments are planned, along with the investigation of other toxicant emissions associated with cannabis vaping.