However, what truly sets DNA and oligonucleotides apart from other materials is that they are fully encoded molecules capable of storing vast amounts of genetic information (Fig. ). They are highly programmable, and researchers have developed numerous efficient methods for editing, modifying, and synthesizing encoded oligonucleotides. These unique properties make DNA an easily controlled molecule that can be manipulated at the molecular, nano, or even micrometer scale, with high-throughput and low-cost techniques that make it play an essential role in various areas of study.