The GHG emissions analysis from Section 3.3 shows that adopting BETs today is not a means for CO 2 reduction for long-haul trucks with our chosen parameters. However, future advancements in battery energy density and reductions in grid carbon intensities could enable the sector to avoid CO 2 emissions via electrification. In the long-term scenario, we estimate the dollar-per-tonne value of avoided CO 2 to be 491 and 972 USD for LFP and NMC, respectively. Compared to future costs of direct air capture technologies, which are expected to decrease from 400-1000 USD to approximately 230 -540 USD by 2050, 103 long-haul BETs cost more to avoid a tonne of CO 2 . Hence, it is cheaper to keep using diesel trucks and offsetting their emissions with DAC than switching to BETs.