Additionally, the turnover frequency (TOF) values (Figure ) showed that [Au25(MPA)18] -has slightly higher TOF between -0.18 V and -0.48 V, while [Au25(SC6H13)18] -exhibits significantly higher TOF values from -0.58 V to -0.98 V, indicating the much enhanced activity in lower potential ranges. The long-term stability tests over 8.5 hours of continuous operation demonstrated that [Au25(MPA)18] -showed a slight decrease of around 4% in FECO and current density (Figure ), whereas [Au25(SC6H13)18] -maintained the stable FECO and current density (Figure ), suggesting that the hydrophobic nanocluster is more stable under alkaline CO2RR conditions.