Waxes encompass a rich variety of technologically as well as biologically important solids. Some of the simplest waxes, paraffin waxes are used in many products from polishes, lubricants, and waterproof coatings to electrical insulators. Among diverse biological wax materials, the intracuticular wax (IW) layer on plant leaves plays a particularly important role in restricting water loss to protect the plant from dehydration and in other molecular diffusion to and from the leaf surface, a feature of significant interest in crop plants and in terms of fundamental biological processes. Despite waxes comprising in large part simple linear chain hydrocarbon structures, which arrange in side-by-side chain packing in crystalline forms, they support a great deal of structural variety due to diverse ordering and disordering possibilities.