The development of more selective and efficient antitumor therapies, which maintain a high cytotoxicity against cancer cells while minimizing generally toxicity and side effects is still of outmost importance. This is particularly true when addressing highly aggressive cancers developing strong resistance against conventional chemotherapy, like in the case of triple negative breast cancer 1 or pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In this context a promising alternative which has emerged in the last decades is based on the combined use of antitumoral drugs which are activated by the use of visible or infrared light, a strategy which is known under the general name of light activated chemotherapy (LAC). The advantages of LAC over general chemotherapy or radiotherapy are the higher selectivity due to the localized irradiation that activates the drug and triggers the cellular response. Undoubtedly, the most widespread flavor of LAC has been achieved through the PhotoDynamic Therapy (PDT) framework, in which the active drug, i.e. the sensitizer, populates its triplet state manifold and further induce energy transfer to the ground state molecular oxygen 3 O2 to produce the highly reactive singlet oxygen 1 O2. Nowadays PDT is efficiently applied clinically to treat different cancers, especially involving either throat and neck or the urogenital system due to the easier application of light sources. PDT is also used as a complement in surgical tumor excision to assure a complete removal of the lesioned cells while minimizing the damages to the nearby tissues, or as a therapy for more benign conditions, including skin infections or psoriasis. Despite its success, PDT suffers from some important drawbacks. Indeed, absorption in the far red or infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum is necessary to assure a reasonable penetration of light into the body tissue, without causing accessory damages. The use of two photon absorbing dyes or triplet up conversion agents, as well as plasmonic nanoparticles have been proposed to palliate this issue. Furthermore, the low solubility and bioviability of PDT drugs might require encapsulation into supramolecular aggregates. Labeling the carrier with specific antibodies should further enhance the selectivity and minimize side effects. Finally, the action mechanism of PDT relies on the activation of oxygen, and hence its efficacy can be limited in the case of solid tumors developing hypoxia. Furthermore, the rather unspecific reactivity of 1 O2 may in some case lead to cell death by necrosis, a pro inflammatory event, which not only limits the quality of life of the patients due to intense pain but may also lead to serious complications. Other forms of LAC involving the use of organometallic complexes to achieve the photorelease of reactive oxygen (ROS) or nitrogen (RNS) species have been recently proposed but, although promising, are less generalized. A complementary approach to PDT is PhotoThermal Therapy (PTT), in which the photochemistry of the photoactivable drug is dominated by non-radiative relaxation channels, which ultimately ends up in the excitation of the vibrational degrees of freedom and hence in a temperature increase. The local effect of PTT may be sufficiently high to lead to cell death under illumination. Usually, PTT agents involves either metallic nanoparticles or aggregating chromophores featuring moieties with floppy and large amplitude vibrational degrees of freedom, thus offering effective non-radiative decay channels.