According to the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), graphene is defined as "a single carbon layer of graphite structure, describing its nature by analogy to a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon of quasi-infinite size" . Within this framework, graphene emerges as the fundamental building block, forming the basis for all other dimensionalities of carbon materials. These encompass zero-dimensional (0D) fullerenes, onedimensional (1D) carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and three-dimensional (3D) graphite (stacking of graphene sheets). Graphene provides a series of predominant intrinsic physico-chemical features for its high potential in energy storage industry such as strong mechanical strength (∼ 1 TPa), high thermal conductivity (5000 W m -1 k -1 ), impressive electrical conductivity that includes the concept of massless Dirac fermion, and an extremely high carrier mobility, that are definitely idiosyncratic from other carbon materials (ACs, CNTs, fullerenes, and graphite) .