GAPDH Activity Assay: GAPDH enzymatic activity in cell lysates were measured using an assay kit (Sigma MAK277) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Three 10 cm plates of HEK293T cells were treated with 1 mM propachlor for 30 minutes in serumfree media and three 10 cm plates of HEK293T cells were treated with DMSO in serum free media for 30 minutes. Each plate was then harvested by scraping with DPBS and pellets were frozen in - to new low-binding tubes (Eppendorf) and the process of heat-spinning was repeated three more times to complete elimination of Rapigest.