Figure shows the design of DNA droplets for artificial cells. Y-shaped branched DNA nanostructures self-assemble to form DNA droplets via hybridization of selfcomplementary sticky ends at their branches . Because YA and YB have noncomplementary sticky ends (Figure ; detailed sequences are in Supplemental Table ), the resultant A-and B-droplets do not fuse; however, a 6-branched DNA linker (LAB) (Figure ; Supplemental Table ) can crosslink YA and YB, forming a binary-mixed DNA droplet (A•B-droplet) (Figure ). Here, '•' (a single center dot) in 'A•B' indicates that one type of linker (LAB) crosslinks YA and YB in A•B-droplet. Figure shows confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of the A•B-droplet. The A•B-droplet can be divided by cleaving LAB into two portions (Figure ). For LAB cleavage, we used a nucleic acid strand displacement reaction induced by single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) division triggers (TAB1 and TAB2) (Figure ). The division triggers hybridize to the toehold sequences (ToeholdAB1 and ToeholdAB2) in LAB and invade the branches of LAB via strand-displacement reactions (Figure , middle), cleaving LAB into two portions (Figure , right). Considering the reaction landscape (Figure ), the LAB cleavage reaction uses division triggers as chemical "fuels" . After adding the division triggers, the cleaved-LAB is more stable than the initial LAB because of the Gibbs free energy change (ΔGClv) induced by division trigger hybridization and strand displacement reactions. Thus, cleavage is a non-equilibrium chemical reaction that uses chemical energy. Figure shows the time-lapse images of the division of the A•B-droplet after adding the division triggers. The A•B-droplet started to divide just after adding division triggers.