This implies that homogeneous chemical reduction by deprotonated glucose is less efficient than electrochemical reduction and that integration of the fluorescence signal is still needed to extract information about the electrons passed (at least under the conditions used in Figure -other conditions, such as the use of smaller electrodes, may allow for a direct relationship to be used). Moreover, the galvanostatic OCP mode experiment with the employed potentiostat was shown to be affected by a leakage current corresponding to higher current densities at the reporting microelectrode (Figure ). This produces a small increase in the fluorescence signal after switching to OCP. Reduction by glucose should also cause the voltammetry of AR to take the appearance of that with a EC' mechanism, in which the electrochemical reduction of resorufin would not be seen at slow scan rates. However, the voltammetry observed in Figure does not seem to reflect this, with reduction/oxidation peaks for the resorufin-dihydroresorufin couple visible around -0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl, alongside a wave corresponding to AR oxidation starting around 0 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Once more, this implies the rate of chemical reduction of resorufin is too slow to allow for direct relationship between the current and the fluorescence signal, and that integration of the fluorescence signal is still needed to quantify the amount of charge that has been passed through the reporting electrode.