Lignocellulosic biomass represents one of the most abundant and renewable resources for generating biofuels and aromatic chemicals. In nature, several peroxidases are found to be responsible for the degradation of lignin, including the versatile peroxidase (VP), manganese peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP). As a peroxidase, LiP catalyzes the cleavage of ether C-C and C-O bonds in lignin via a H2O2-dependent oxidative mechanism. Compared to many other peroxidases, LiP processes a much higher redox potential, which enables LiP to oxidize the less-reactive nonphenolic lignin subunits. Scheme 1. An abbreviated catalytic cycle of lignin peroxidase.