Dungchai et al. reported electrochemical detection on paper using screen-printed electrodes. Since then, a wide variety of deposition techniques have been developed and further refined, including inkjet printing , screen printing , metal sputtering , thermoplastic forming and pencil drawing . Most of these techniques are derived from conventional manufacturing processes for printed electronics. However, these deposited electrodes are often hydrophobic, hinder capillary flow and display limited contact with the fluid within pores.