The scientific training modules allowed the students to develop a therapeutic strategy while exploring a biological target (see Table for a summary of the tools/methods). In the Protein Analysis module, students learned how to make the pivotal decision of selecting a therapeutic target (e.g., protein/signaling pathways implicated in the disease, protein-protein interactions, protein structural/functional information, etc.) with the aid of online resources/open-source software. The next step was to then identify "hit" molecules capable of binding to the target protein. Fragment-Based Drug Discovery (FBDD), a common hit identification approach in drug discovery, was introduced as the second module. Students learned how to obtain and refine protein crystal structures, select a desired binding site on the protein, select a fragment library and use molecular docking to screen the library against the protein and identify potential hit fragments. The next step was to prepare a recombinant version of the target protein in the Protein Expression and Purification module. In this third module, students expressed the GPCR Goα in bacterial cells and purified it using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). In the last module on Biophysical Assays, two assays were introduced that evaluate compound binding based on protein stability and function. The thermal shift assay (TSA) measures the change of protein stability upon binding and the GTPase Glo-sensor assay evaluates the effect of binding on GTPase activity of the protein.