AMPs that target bacterial membranes vary widely in their composition, and may feature non-canonical amino acids or macrocyclic scaffolds, further expanding the AMP chemical space. For example, Nisin and Daptomycin, as shown in Figure , both contain non-canonical residues and possess macrocyclic structures. These macrocyclic architectures can endow AMPs with unique mechanisms of action, such as the ability to chelate cations (as seen in Daptomycin) or form nanotubes within bacterial membranes (as demonstrated for Gramicidin A and Lugdunin). Understanding these varied mechanisms through experimental and computational studies is essential for the design of new AMPs with improved efficacy and reduced potential for resistance development. In the following Sections, we will focus on AMPs that target bacterial membranes.