The coating was applied to the outside of 18650 LiFePO4|Graphite cells (RS Pro, 1600 mAh, mass ca. 42 g) by dip coating into the wet active coating until the desired thickness was reached and an additional coat of 0.1 mm containing only graphite was added to the exterior to mitigate octadecane leakage during use (typically leakage led to a decrease in mass of 0.16 g of the coatings containing capsules, representing 2.9% of coating mass). The different coating thicknesses evaluated are presented in Table . For a comparison coating without the PCM capsules present, an equivalent cell was coated to the same thickness in a paint made up of 50:40:10 water:paint:graphite ratio to make a cell coated with paint and graphite. Thermal imaging (FLIR T640, sensitivity < 0.03 °C) was used to monitor cell temperature during electrochemical cycling. Thermal imaging has been used previously in literature for the study of Li-ion cells and has the advantage that, unlike thermocouples, the entire surface of the cell can be assessed. Three cells were observed simultaneously: a coating with capsules present, a coating without capsules present, and a cell without any coating. Both coatings contained graphite. The cell testing was conducted using a custom-made stand with thick plastic dividers to reduce radiative heating, Figure , and electrochemical cycling was conducted using a Maccor 4300 battery cycler. The cell stand and IR camera were housed in a sealed metal box (53 x 65 x 76 cm) which was lined with cork to prevent reflection of the IR interfering with the measurement, for safety and to prevent thermal interference from the external environment (Figure ). Prior to testing, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (Biologic, VMP-3) was performed on each cell to ensure the contact resistance was within the range of 0.04 -0.08 Ω to ensure cell-to-cell uniformity Two cycling regimens were developed. For the first testing regime, cells were rested for 30 minutes at open circuit voltage (OCV) and then discharged at 0.5C (C=1600 mAh) to 2.6 V and then charged at 2C to 4.5 V. The cells were then rested for 1 hour at OCV. The thermal imaging camera was setup to take an image every 20 seconds (Figure ) producing approximately 700 images. This test was repeated five times for each cell with a minimum 24 hrs break between tests to ensure cells did not accumulate heat through repeated testing.