The environmental impact, expressed as land stress impacts on biodiversity (potentially disappeared fraction year, PDF•yr) and climate change (kg CO2-eq), was calculated with life cycle assessment. For each indicator, two scenarios were calculated; with and without carbon stock loss due to land-use change (LUC). The carbon stock loss includes the initial carbon loss when land is transformed into agricultural land and the lost sequestration capacity of agricultural land compared to natural vegetation (i.e. foregone sequestration) . These two scenarios were investigated because it was not known from the used database for how long agricultural land already existed and hence how much of this transformation effect should be attributed to crop production. The scenario without LUC emissions represents the situation where the area was already used as agricultural land and hence the effect of transforming land from agricultural to agricultural is negligible. The scenario with LUC emissions represents the situation where natural vegetation is transformed into agricultural land with an evaluation period of 30 years reflecting a typical plantation lifetime and is used in the main results of the article. The formulas used to calculate the impact excluding land-use change can be found in the Supplemental Information.