1-octanol has a log P of 2.58, a water solubility of 0.54 mg mL -1 , and Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters of α = 0.69 (Hydrogen bond donor (HBD) properties), β = 0.82 (hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) properties), π = 0.55 (dipolarity/polarizability) . The Kamlet-Taft values express the relative strength of interactions, with 0.0 representing weak/no interactions and 1.0 and higher representing strong interactions. Extractions with 1-octanol as liquid membrane were performed for 30 minutes at 10 V. Extraction recovery data from neat standard and spiked plasma samples is shown in Figure . From neat standard samples, 1-octanol had a good performance with low current (10 µA), and the majority of analytes within 1.0 ≤ log P ≤ 6.1 were extracted with high efficiency (R > 85%). However, for analytes with log P < 1.0, partitioning into the liquid membrane was less favorable due to hydrophobic discrimination. The introduction of human plasma destabilized the system, leading to an increase in current, which was attributed to the low hydrophobicity of 1-octanol allowing a greater influx of matrix components, and recoveries were decreased significantly.