Transformation of small organic molecules, such as glyphosate, at Mn oxide surfaces can lead to dissolution of the Mn oxide. Surface dissolution may be caused by adsorption-chelation or redox processes that result in the formation of highly soluble Mn (II/III) complexes (i.e., Mn (II/III) -GP). . For either chelation or reductive dissolution mechanisms to occur, glyphosate needs to form a coordinate bond with surface-associated Mn(II) or Mn(III) atoms