Based on these observations and the fact that the radical precursor is another important design consideration, we attempted to employ oxime carbonate 2a as a radical precursor. We hypothesized that during the formation of the corresponding radical, the resulting tert-butoxy anion (tert-BuO -) might not only avoid the competitive reaction of leaving group, but also act as a Lewis base to activate phenylboronic acid 3a towards transmetalation with the copper catalyst to form a phenyl-bound copper complex, and thereby avoid the addition of an exogenous base. Therefore, we started our study by investigating the enantioselective three-component arylative radical cross-coupling of 2-vinylnaphthalene 1a with oxime carbonate 2a and phenylboronic acid 3a with a 2:2:1 molar ratio under visible light-induced copper catalysis (Table ). Preliminary studies demonstrated the feasibility of the three-component reaction, affording product (R)-4a in 14% NMR yield and with 5% ee, using a combination of Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 (10 mol %) and chiral Box ligand L0 (12 mol %) under irradiation of a purple LEDs at room temperature for 12 hours in DMF. However, in this process the by-product by-4a resulting from two-component coupling of 2a with 3a could also be detected. Encouraged by this preliminary result, we performed the first round of extensive ligand screening to identify an optimal ligand (Table ). Specifically, ligand L1 that features gem-dibenzyl groups in the backbone and benzyl groups in the oxazoline scaffold substantially increased the enantioselectivity to 30% ee, albeit with similar reaction efficiency. With ligand L1, we briefly screened a range of solvents and copper salts to enhance the reaction efficiency and enantioselectivity (Table ), which revealed that both reaction parameters markedly influence on the reaction. Notably, the enantioselectivity was significantly improved to 77% ee in toluene, but the yield still remained low. Screening of a range of common copper salts, inorganic and organic bases (Table -S4), revealed that Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 was the optimal candidate and that base is not required. Additional experiments investigated the feed ratio using Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 in toluene (Table ), indicating that a 3.0/2.0/1.0 ratio afforded (R)-4a in 20% yield with no loss of enantioselectivity.