(with) explicit solvation. Since CO2 •-is not highly anionic, implicit water sufficiently stabilizes this intermediate. As a result, these potentials agree reasonably well with the experimental potential of -2.17 V (eq 13). CO2 •-is a bent species with an O-C-O angle of 134° with explicit solvation, which upon oxidation to CO2 becomes linear (Figure ). This change in bond angle results in a moderately high inner-sphere reorganization energy of λ i = 187 kJ/mol.