Modeling gas phase. The gas phase is modelled using the recently developed Wang-Santo-Neimark (WSN) model, which provides with alternate approach to remedy the limitation of standard DPD to simulate vapor-liquid coexistence. In this model, the gas phase is modelled by fictitious beads B, with interact with beads at the interface via the exponential conservative force, 𝐹 𝑖𝑗 𝑒𝑥𝑝 (𝑟 𝑖𝑗 ) = 𝑎 𝐵𝑗 𝑒