Graph and manifold representations are able to capture both discrete and continuous information within a given simulation and their topology can be directly quantified/summarized using a descriptor known as the Euler characteristic (EC). The EC is denoted as χ ∈ Z and is mathematically defined as the alternating sum of the rank of topological bases for a given space known as Betti numbers β i ∈ Z + , where i ∈ Z + represents the dimensionality of the topological basis: