The large standard deviation of 21.0 Ω with a mean value of 15.2 Ω allows us to conclude the R u parameter only has a minor impact on the ac voltammetry (highly conducting 3 M KCl aqueous electrolyte) and hence on E 0 , k 0 , or α variability. Although the experimentto-experiment variability of E 0 is much greater than predicted by P i (E 0 ), it is still fitted to a tight regime (about 2 mV) when compared with the total voltage scan range. Indeed, in the absence of adsorption, E 0 is theoretically predicted to be completely independent of electrode material or state, suggesting that the inter-experiment variability of E 0 is due to compensating factors from other parameters. C dl displays some variability with values lying within the range of about 16 to 23 µF cm -2 which confirms that the electrode is not in an identical surface state, and hence does have a variable level of activity for each experiment.