A summary of microfluidic artificial lungs in the literature is given in Table . Four parameters describe the design: blood channel height (H), membrane material, membrane thickness (δm), and gas exchange surface area. While three parameters describe the oxygenator performances: blood flow rate, oxygen transfer, and pressure drop (ΔP). Data on gas exchange represent the maximum values reported. To conclude, it is important to reiterate that the key bottleneck is not the permselectivity of the membrane (although better performance is still desired), but the hemocompatibility of the membrane material to increase the device lifetime. The development of a compliant, resistant, hemocompatible, and superamphiphobic membrane will be an important breakthrough . In addition, especially for microfluidic artificial lungs, particular effort should be devoted to creating a biomimetic blood module design that improves the mass transfer coefficient of gasses.