Animal care and experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with the 3R (Replacement/Reduction/Refinement) principle and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Shionogi & Co., Ltd. Male Sprague-Dawley (Crl:CD(SD), Jackson Laboratory Japan Inc., Kanagawa, Japan) were used for experiments at 8 weeks of age. Male Marshall Beagle dogs (Marshall BioResources Japan Inc., Ibaraki, Japan) were used for experiments at 1 year of age.