However, water that is necessary for dissolving inorganic bases often causes undesired hydrolysis of electrophile in the Schotten-Baumann reaction. In addition, the use of water sometimes makes scale-up of the reaction difficult due to inefficient mass transfer between aqueous and organic phases. Careful control of temperature is also required due to the highly exothermic nature of this reaction. Therefore, the use of continuous flow, which allows precise control of reaction time and temperature by effective mixing, and good heat and mass transfer, is an attractive option for performing the Schotten-Baumann reaction. As far as we could ascertain, only a few Schotten-Baumann type reactions have been conducted under flow conditions. To further develop and optimise such a reaction system to achieve the best reaction outcomes is generally time-consuming and challenging, as performance of the system is often nonlinear. This usually requires good understanding of interactions between reaction parameters and conditions, which are sometimes difficult to predict; optimisation can easily get stuck in a local minimum. In addition, process optimisation needs to consider multiple competing objectives such as reaction yield, environmental impact, and economic factors, rather than one single objective.