A similar experiment to what has been shown here was demonstrated with DNP-polarized fumarate, to show that long-lived spin states can be populated via D-DNP . In this work we have used PHIP to hyperpolarize the proton singlet state, and show that this type of experiment can be used for imaging. A comparison of PHIP with D-DNP as polarization sources is relatively straightforward for experiments in which the C spins in fumarate are hyperpolarized; the polarization levels can be compared by measuring the C magnetization at the point of delivery. A similar comparison is more subtle for this proton-enhanced experiment. The fumarate protons support four states: a singlet state and three triplet states. The distribution of spin population amongst these four states determines the maximum malate signal intensity at the point of detection. In the PHIP experiment the aim is to fully populate the singlet state by starting from para-enriched hydrogen, which would lead to a relative malate signal intensity of 1. In the D-DNP experiment the polarization process depletes the singlet state, which would lead to a relative malate signal intensity of -1/3, as discussed in the Supporting Information, as well as in Ref. . Beyond the highest achievable signal enhancement, PHIP stands out as being significantly less expensive than D-DNP, and is able to produce boluses of hyperpolarized material at a much higher turnover rate.