studies that reported significant and chemical in-plane modification of MoS2, such as nitrogen-doping via sulfur-substitution after the addition of pillaring molecules during hydrothermal synthesis. Furthermore, the distribution of HDA pillars was analyzed via energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) in scanning transmission electron microscopy mode (STEM), confirming a homogenous distribution of nitrogen throughout the sample (Fig. ). It should be noted that traces of nitrogen were also found in nano-MoS2 (at much lower concentration, see Table ), indicating small residues of thioacetamide and/or urea precursors.