approach and the equation 1 are used. For the pre-trained ALIGNN-FF wt01 dataset, an MLP model is trained with a weight of 0.1 for the force term . The ALIGNN-FF model was trained on 307,111 bulk material entries from the JARVIS-DFT dataset. However, for the test dataset, the ALIGNN-FF wt01 model was only used to predict the potential energy of the unrelaxed structure, and no MD calculations were performed to relax the structure. Similar unified force-field models such as MATGL , CHGNet and MACE were trained on materials project dataset with 1.5 million structural entries.