pain
"Over five years ago I was told no more NSAIDSs because of kidney disease.  I had found naproxen sodium effective for arthritis pain and migraine headaches.  Now because if the kidney disease I was prescribed tramadol, up to 100 mg four times a day.  At first I thought it was a joke. It was not nearly as effective as over-the-counter naproxen.  But I stuck with it because I had to. Gradually I became aware of its pain reducing qualities.  Recently I had joint replacement therapy and had good pain relief but terrible side effects from oxycodone  I went back to tramadol and it was enough to take the edge off.  I have noticed the headache that many mention in their reviews, but it's mild and short lived. I even take tramadol for real headaches!"