 Independent research company, Javelin Strategy Research, with support from Cardtronics, conducted two new studies on cash to assess the strength and desirability of all payment options and to provide a window into consumer payment preferences within the U.S., both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and economic downturn. In late 2019, Cardtronics commissioned an independently produced research report about cash usage in the U.S., which published in February 2020 as the 2020 Health of Cash Study. Earlier this year, Cardtronics commissioned Javelin to conduct a companion study to measure consumer sentiment toward cash and payments during the pandemic. 