<prompt> Kuandika makala ya kina kuhusu mali ya kimwili na kemikali ya vifaa vya elektroniki kama vile resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors, na ICs, na jinsi mali hizi kuathiri tabia yao katika mzunguko wa elektroniki, kutoa mifano na maombi ya kila aina ya vipengele kuelezea sifa zao ya kipekee na kazi, kutumia lugha ya wazi na ni pamoja na michoro au schematics kusaidia katika uelewa.  <response>: Vipengele vya kielektroniki ni vifaa vya kielektroniki vinavyopitisha umeme kwa njia ya umeme, ikiwa ni pamoja na resistors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, capacitors, 