<prompt> Translate the following text to EnglishHata hivyo, athari zao za jumla na za muda mrefu, ambazo baadhi ya hizo huenda hazijulikani kwa kiasi kikubwa kwa wakati huu, zinaweza kuwa kubwa.  <response>: Their cumulative and longer term effects, however, some of which may be largely unknown at this time, may be substantial. 