<prompt> Translate the following text to EnglishHizi ni: 1 athari ya kutumia hatari ya mshahara na thamani ya msingi wa makadirio ya maisha ya takwimu katika kutathmini kupunguza hatari ya uchafuzi wa hewa, tofauti na makadirio ya msingi wa makadirio ya msingi tu; 2 uhusiano kati ya umri na utayari wa kulipa kwa kupunguza hatari ya kifo; na 3 kiwango cha mapema katika vifo kutokana na uchafuzi wa hewa.  <response>: These 1 the impact of using wage-risk and contingent valuation-based value of statistical life estimates in valuing risk reductions from air pollution as opposed to contingent valuation-based estimates alone, 2 the relationship between age and willingness-to-pay for fatal risk reductions, and 3 the degree of prematurity in mortalities from air pollution. 