<prompt> Translate the following text to EnglishMifano ya gharama ni zana ambazo zinakadiria juhudi zinazohitajika kuendeleza programu, kulingana na mahusiano ya dhana kati ya ukubwa wa mfumo na juhudi zinazohitajika kubuni, code, na mtihani wa programu.  <response>: Cost Models Cost models are tools that estimate the effort needed to develop software, based on assumed relationships between the size of a system and the effort needed to design, code, and test the software. 