<prompt> Human: I understand that if you maximize tax withholding, youre giving Uncle Sam an interest-free loan lost opportunity cost of generating interest for yourself, but what about if you minimize the tax withholding, invest your income, and pay taxes at the end of Tax Day? Paying taxes all upfront is not an issue for me, but is it advantageous? Is there a penalty? If so, whats the best way to fill out a W-4 form to minimize taxespenalties?  <response>: No, you cant legally. The USA is a pay as you earn tax system. There are under withholding penalties, also investing in that short of a term could come with a double bite when you have to sell and the market is down.Schemes like this rarely work and will usually end up in funds being mismanaged or lost and a gigantic tax bill the person cant afford to pay. This is how the debt cycle gets perpetuated. 