<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyWhat is classical conditioning and how does it work?  <response>: <reason> Classical conditioning is a type of learning where a natural response is elicited by a conditioned or learned stimulus that was previously presented with an unconditioned stimulus. In other words, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that naturally triggers a response, until the neutral stimulus alone is enough to elicit the response. For example, in Pavlovs famous experiment, a dog learned to associate the sound of a bell conditioned stimulus with the presentation of food unconditioned stimulus, and eventually began salivating at the sound of the bell alone. Classical conditioning is a fundamental concept in psychology and has been applied to a wide range of behaviors and phenomena, from phobias and emotional responses to taste aversions and drug addiction. 