<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyWhat are the reasons behind diabetes insipidus?  <response>: <reason> CDI is caused by the destruction or degeneration of neurons originating in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei. Central DI results from damage to the pituitary gland, which disrupts the normal storage and release of ADH. The most common cause of central diabetes insipidus CDI is idiopathic diabetes insipidus DI, which accounts for the vast majority of cases. Others causes include: Familial and congenital diseases Familial CDI Wolfram syndrome, also known as DIDMOAD diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness Congenital hypopituitarism Septo-optic dysplasia Neurosurgery or trauma Cancer Hypoxic encephalopathy Infiltrative disorders Langerhans cell histiocytosis LCH Eosinophilic granuloma Post- supraventricular tachycardia Anorexia nervosa The most common causes of ADH resistance severe enough to produce polyuria are hereditary nephrogenic DI in children and chronic lithium ingestion and hypercalcemia in adults. Acquired causes are often partially reversible with cessation of the offending drug or correction of hypercalcemia. Other causes include:Hereditary nephrogenic diabetes Insipidus Vasopressin V2 receptor gene mutation Aquaporin-2 gene mutation Lithium toxicity Hypercalcemia Hypokalemia Persistent severe hypokalemia plasma potassium concentration usually below 3 meqL can impair urinary concentrating ability Other Nephrogenic DI has been described in a number of other clinical settings Renal disease Sickle cell disease or trait Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Medullary cystic kidney disease Renal amyloidosis Sjögrens syndrome Drugs Cidofovir Foscarnet Amphotericin B Demeclocycline Ifosfamide Ofloxacin Orlistat Didanosine Pregnancy Bardet-Biedl syndrome Bartter syndrome Psychogenic DI also known as dipsogenic DI, primary polydipsia, or factitious diabetes insipidus is characterized by a primary increase in water intake. Some of the major causes include:Psychiatric illnesses Use of phenothiazine, which can lead to the sensation of a dry mouth Hypothalamic lesions that directly affect the thirst center Infiltrative disease such as sarcoidosisGestational diabetes insipidus is a very rare complication of pregnancy. However, undiagnosed and untreated cases may lead to serious complications in both mother and fetus. The only cause that has been associated with this disorder is pregnancy. It usually causes mild polyuria, which can be treated with desmopressin; if left untreated, it can progress to more severe complications. 