<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyWhich laboratory tests are used to diagnose Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia?  <response>: <reason> A: Pneumocystis jirovecii trophozoites in bronchoalveolar lavage BAL material. Giemsa stain. The trophozoites are small size: 1 to 5 μm, and only their nuclei, stained purple, are visible arrows. AIDS patient seen in Atlanta, Georgia.B: 3 cysts in bronchoalveolar material, Giemsa stain; the rounded cysts size 4 to 7 μm contain 6 to 8 intracystic bodies, whose nuclei are stained by Giemsa; the walls of the cysts are not stained; note the presence of several smaller, isolated trophozoites. C: Cysts in lung tissue, silver stain; the walls of the cysts are stained black; the intracystic bodies are not visible with this stain; baby who died with pneumonia in California.D: Pneumocystis jirovecii cysts in bronchoalveolar lavage material; silver stain; this greater magnification shows the irregular, saucer shape of the cysts.E: Indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies against Pneumocystis jirovecii. Specimen from a patient with AIDS, seen in Georgia.Molecular methods for detection of P. jirovecii have shown very high sensitivity and specificity and constitute the gold standard for detection of this pathogen.A: Agarose gel 2 analysis of PCR-amplified products from DNA extracted from a bronchoalveolar lavage BAL diagnostic specimen of a patient with pulmonary symptoms.Lane S: Molecular base pair standard 100-bp ladder. Black arrows show the size of standard bands. Lane 1: Single step PCR amplification with the pAZ102-EpAZ102-H primer pair1 - diagnostic band size: 346 bp. Lane 2: Nested PCR amplification with the ITS nested PCR primers, 1724FITS2R first round and ITS1FITS2R1 second round2 -diagnostic band size: 550 bp. 