<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyWhat are the possible diagnoses for Volvulus?  <response>: <reason> The following are differential diagnoses for volvulus: Crohns disease Necrotizing enterocolitis Duodenal atresia Pyloric stenosis Gastroenteritis Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Gastroesophageal reflux Ulcerative colitis Toxic megacolon Pseudocolonic obstruction Ogilvie syndromeA table with the differential diagnoses for volvulus is discussed below:Classification of acute abdomen based on etiology Presentation Clinical findings Diagnosis Comments Fever Rigors and Chills Abdominal Pain Jaundice Hypotension Guarding Rebound Tenderness Bowel sounds Lab Findings Imaging Common causes of Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Diffuse Hypoactive Ascitic fluid PMN 250 cellsmm 3 Culture: Positive for single organism Ultrasound for evaluation of liver cirrhosis - Perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer Diffuse N Ascitic fluid LDH serum LDH Glucose 50mgdl Total protein 1gdl Air under diaphragm in upright CXR Upper GI endoscopy for diagnosis Acute suppurative cholangitis RUQ Acute cholangitis RUQ N Abnormal LFT Ultrasound shows biliary dilatation Biliary drainage ERCP IV antibiotics Acute cholecystitis RUQ Hypoactive Hyperbilirubinemia Leukocytosis Ultrasound shows gallstone and evidence of inflammation Murphys sign Acute pancreatitis Epigastric N Increased amylase lipase Ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation Pain radiation to back Acute appendicitis RLQ Hypoactive Leukocytosis Ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation Nausea vomiting, decreased appetite Acute diverticulitis LLQ Hypoactive Leukocytosis CT scan and ultrasound shows evidence of inflammation Hollow Viscous Obstruction Small intestine obstruction Diffuse Hyperactive then absent Leukocytosis Abdominal X ray Nausea vomiting associated with constipation, abdominal distention Gall stone disease Cholelithiasis RUQ - N ASTALT, alkaline phosphatase, amylase, lipase Ultrasound and X-ray Volvulus - Diffuse - - Hypoactive Leukocytosis CT scan and abdominal X ray Nausea vomiting associated with constipation, abdominal distention Biliary colic - RUQ - - N Increased bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase Ultrasound Nausea vomiting Renal colic - Flank pain - - - N Hematuria CT scan and ultrasound Colicky abdominal pain associated with nausea vomiting Vascular Disorders Ischemic causes Mesenteric ischemia Periumbilical - - - Hyperactive Leukocytosis and lactic acidosis CT scan Nausea vomiting, normal physical examination Acute ischemic colitis Diffuse - Hyperactive then absent Leukocytosis CT scan Nausea vomiting Hemorrhagic causes Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm - Diffuse - - - N Normal CT scan Unstable hemodynamics Intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage - Diffuse - - - N Anemia CT scan History of trauma Gynaecological Causes Fallopian tube Acute salpingitis LLQ RLQ N Leukocytosis Pelvic ultrasound Vaginal discharge Ovarian cyst complications and endometrial disease Torsion of the cyst - RLQ LLQ - N Increased ESR and CRP Ultrasound Sudden onset sever pain with nausea and vomiting Endometriosis - RLQLLQ - - - N Normal Laproscopy Menstrual-associated symptoms, pelvic symptoms Cyst rupture - RLQ LLQ - - - N Increased ESR and CRP Ultrasound Sudden onset sever pain with nausea and vomiting Pregnancy Ruptured ectopic pregnancy - RLQ LLQ - - - N Positive pregnancy test Ultrasound History of missed period and vaginal bleeding Functional Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Diffuse - - - - N Clinical diagnosis ROME IIIIV criteria Pharmacologic studies based criteria - High dietary fiber Osmotic laxatives Antispasmodic drugs References Burns, Cartland 2006. Principles and Practices of Pediatric Surgery. Annals of Surgery. 243 4: 567. doi: 10.109701.sla.0000208423.52007.38. ISSN 0003-4932. Template:WikiDoc Sources 