<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyWhat are the factors that lead to portal hypertension?  <response>: <reason> Life-threatening causes of portal hypertension include cirrhosis, severe portal venous obstruction or thrombosis Budd-Chiari syndrome, and fulminant hepatic failure e.g., due to hepatitis.Portal hypertension may be caused by: Alcoholic hepatitis Autoimmune disease Bacterial intestinal infections Recurrent E.coli infection Chronic hepatitis Cirrhosis Fatty liver Schistosomiasis Sickle cell diseaseLess common causes of portal hypertension include: Antiretroviral therapy Crohns disease Turner syndrome Antiphospholipid syndrome Adams-Olivier syndrome Arsenicals Becks disease Common variable immunodeficiency syndrome Connective tissue diseases Cardiomyopathy Congestive heart failure Constrictive pericarditis Congenital abnormalities Familial cases Fulminant hepatic failure Hashimotos thyroiditis Hodgkins lymphoma Human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection Inferior vena cava obstruction Inherited thrombophilias Idiopathic tropical splenomegaly Myeloproliferative neoplasm Osteomyelosclerosis Partial nodular transformation Phosphomannose isomerase deficiency Portal vein occlusion Solid organ transplant Renal transplantation Liver transplantation Splenic vein thrombosis Thiopurine derivatives Didanosine Azathioprine Cis-thioguanine Tricuspid insufficiency Umbilical sepsis Vitamin A Wilsons diseasePortal hypertension is caused by a mutation in the following genes: Leukotriene B4 LTB4 Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4 ENTPD4 Endothelin receptor type A EDNRA Deoxyguanosine kinase DGUOK Adenosine deaminase ADA Phospholipase A2 PL2G10 Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 3 CYP4F3 Glutathione peroxidase 3 GPX3 Prostaglandin E receptor 2 PTGER2 Endothelin EDN1 Natriuretic peptide receptor 3 NPR3 Cluster of differentiation 44 CD44 Transforming growth factor TGF-β ATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, member 1 ABCC1Prehepatic causes of portal hypertension include: Bacterial intestinal infections Recurrent E.coli infection Congenital abnormalities Idiopathic tropical splenomegaly Portal vein occlusion Solid organ transplant Renal transplantation Liver transplantation Splenic vein thrombosis Umbilical sepsisIntrahepatic causes of portal hypertension include: Adams-Olivier syndrome Alcoholic hepatitis Antiretroviral therapy Arsenicals Autoimmune disease Becks disease Chronic hepatitis Cirrhosis Common variable immunodeficiency syndrome Connective tissue diseases Crohns disease Familial cases Fatty liver Fulminant hepatic failure Hashimotos thyroiditis Hodgkins lymphoma Human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection Osteomyelosclerosis Partial nodular transformation Phosphomannose isomerase deficiency Schistosomiasis Thiopurine derivatives Didanosine Azathioprine Cis-thioguanine Turner syndrome Vitamin A Wilsons diseasePosthepatic causes of portal hypertension include: Antiphospholipid syndrome Cardiomyopathy Congestive heart failure Constrictive pericarditis Inferior vena cava obstruction Inherited thrombophilias Myeloproliferative neoplasm Sickle cell disease Tricuspid insufficiencyATP-binding cassette, subfamily C, member 1 ABCC1 mutation Adams-Olivier syndrome Adenosine deaminase ADA mutation Alcoholic hepatitis Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency Antiphospholipid syndrome Antiretroviral therapy Arsenicals Autoimmune disease Azathioprine Becks disease Berry aneurysm Biliary atresia Blackfan Diamond anemia Budd-Chiari syndrome Cardiomyopathy Cholestasis Chronic hepatitis Chronic liver disease Cis-thioguanine Crohns disease Cirrhosis Cluster of differentiation 44 CD44 mutation COACH syndrome Common variable immunodeficiency syndrome Congenital atresia or stenosis of portal vein Congenital hepatic fibrosis Congenital narrowing of the portal vein Congenital pure red cell aplasia Congestive heart failure Connective tissue diseases Constrictive pericarditis Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome Cystic fibrosis Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 3 CYP4F3 mutation Didanosine Deoxyguanosine kinase DGUOK mutation Extrinsic compression tumors Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 4 ENTPD4 mutation Endothelin EDN1 mutation Endothelin receptor type A EDNRA mutation Fatty liver Focal nodular hyperplasia Fulminant hepatic failure Gaucher disease Glutathione peroxidase 3 GPX3 mutation Glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency Granulomatous diseases Sarcoidosis, Tuberculosis Hashimotos thyroiditis Hemochromatosis Hepatic amyloidosis with intrahepatic cholestasis Hepatic arterioportal fistula Hepatic metastasis Hepatic portal vein obstruction Hepatic vein occlusion Hepatic vein thrombosis Hepatic venoocclusive disease with immunodeficiency Hodgkins lymphoma Human immunodeficiency virus HIV infection Idiopathic liver cirrhosis Idiopathic portal hypertension Idiopathic tropical splenomegaly Inferior vena cava obstruction Inherited thrombophilia Interferon gamma receptor 1 deficiency Liver fibrosis Liver transplantation Leukotriene B4 LTB4 mutation Mosse syndrome Myeloproliferative diseases Myeloproliferative neoplasm Natriuretic peptide receptor 3 NPR3 mutation Neonatal hepatitis NISCH syndrome Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver Obliterative portal venopathy Osteomyelosclerosis Pancreatic cancer Partial nodular transformation Phospholipase A2 PL2G10 mutation Phosphomannose isomerase deficiency Polycystic kidney disease Portal hypertension due to intrahepatic block Portal vein abnormality Portal vein compression Portal vein occlusion Portal vein thrombosis Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis Prostaglandin E receptor 2 PTGER2 mutation Renal transplantation Sarcoidosis Schistosomiasis Sickle cell disease Splanchnic arteriovenous fistula Splenic vein thrombosis Thioguanine Transforming growth factor TGF-β mutation Tricuspid insufficiency Turner syndrome Umbilical sepsis Viral hepatitis Vitamin A Wilsons Disease 