<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyCould you provide the text that you want me to rephrase into proper English? As What is spinal muscular atrophy? is already in proper English.  <response>: <reason> Carrier testing , , - Carrier testing helps to identify carriers of the mutated genes SMN, survival motor neuron gene. This can help to predict the risk of SMA in future pregnancies in the carriers.PCR-based dosage assay Detect carriers with homozygous deletions or compound heterozygosity.Sequencing of the SMN gene - Detect point mutations.Other methods - family linkage analysis to identify the Parents genotype.New Born screening may help to identify pre-symptomatic individuals and institution of early treatment once it becomes available. This can prevent the occurrence of severe disease forms in future. 