<prompt> Answer this question truthfullyCan you provide a summary of Polycythemia?  <response>: <reason> Polycythemia is a condition in which there is a net increase in the total number of red blood cells in the body. The overproduction of red blood cells may be due to a primary process in the bone marrow a so-called myeloproliferative syndrome, or it may be a reaction to chronically low oxygen levels or, rarely, a malignancy. 