 Ulimi - isipho esihle kakhulu ngempela esintwini. Lokhu ephelele zokuxhumana sensimbi sinephutha apharathasi kuyinkimbinkimbi uhlelo amayunithi namalimi wemiphakathi. Ngokwesiko, kusukela cwaningo kolimi, ubheke amafonethiki - ingxenye yezilimi, isihloko okuyizinto umsindo wenkulumo futhi, ikakhulukazi, Ukwahlukaniswa onkamisa nongwaqa.idijithi kanambambiliIfonetikisi yakhelwe ukufunda inkulumo imisindo. It usesikhundleni esikhethekile, okuyinto kunqunywa yokuthi isihloko isifundo sakhe - amayunithi kolimi nemvelo impahla. Linikeza inkulumo kwakhiwa emizimbeni yokukhuluma futhi umoya womuntu kunyakaza. Linikeza inkulumo bezibona kwenzeka angezwakali ezindlebeni zomuntu.Ifonetikisi uphathelene iyunithi ubuncane ulimi - inkulumo umsindo. inombolo enjalo esingapheliyo imisindo. yena Ngemva lukhuluma kubo ngendlela yabo. Kodwa ungabahlukanisa phakathi lokhu ezihlukahlukene kukhona imisindo kuthiwa ngendlela efanayo. Indlela imfundo - isisekelo sokuthethelelwa Ukwahlukaniswa imisindo.Into eyinhloko ukuthi amafonethiki ukutadisha, - Ukwahlukaniswa onkamisa nongwaqa. Articulatory futhi acoustic umsindo wenkulumo Kuphakathi onkamisa nongwaqa. Onkamisa ukuwusiza melodiousness. Ongwaqa - umsindo.Lapho umoya livela emaphashini ngokusebenzisa iphimbo kanye umlomo kwakhiwa ngokukhululekile imisindo, ngokuthi onkamisa. Ziyahlukahluka ukunyakaza kuphela olwalusikisela elakhiwe we izindebe ube ungaphimiseli.Kodwa ngokuvumelana imisindo ikhiqizwa lapho umoya Onqobayo izithiyo endleleni yayo. Zakhiwa amazwi umsindo noma nje umsindo. tindlela letehlukene imfundo nginqobe lezi izithiyo enze kube nokwenzeka ukuba ukuhlukanisa ongwaqa komunye nomunye. Lezi umehluko isekelwe ngezigaba yonkamisa ongwaqa of isiRashiya. Izimiso zalo Kuzoxoxwa.Ifonetikisi sigaba yezilimi, ukuhambisana lapho wafunda futhi izici acoustic yokukhuluma umsindo. Ukubhekisisa amafonethiki liphathelene cwaningo bemvelo yokwakheka kanye bokuphila umsindo netindlela yayo ukukhiqizwa. Acoustic Ifonetikisi ihlola umsindo njengoba ngokunyakaza vibrational, kwenziwe lapho sidlula yezwi nomlomo. Izikhonzi ekutadisheni amafonethiki acoustic kukhona ukuphakama, namandla, ubude ithoni.Ujwayele amafonethiki ngokuvamile iqala ukutadisha unkamisa umsindo. Ngeke zehluke namasiko ngenxa ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ziyakwazi syllabic. Ongwaqa kukhona eduze nezindawo unkamisa.Uyini Ukwahlukaniswa onkamisa nongwaqa kuyoba isihloko siyinake isifundo yonkamisa kwasekuqaleni?Okokuqala, cabanga ngelithi izici acoustic yonkamisa:Zonke lezi umsindo akhiwa ngokusebenzisa iphimbo;libhekene ecindezelekile futhi unstressed, okungukuthi, zikhona ubukghoni nokubhalelwa;onkamisa ababuthakathaka Ukushaywa esifushane, lapho kusho ayidingekile nzima yephimbo;onkamisa abaqinile pronunciation amade futhi ukucindezeleka yezwi.Ithoni yonkamisa akuyona nobuntu ehlukile. Kungaba kuphela ukudlulisa isimo esingokomzwelo isikhulumi noma umuzwa nokusetshenziswa kolimi. Ngokwesibonelo, e umusho interrogative ithoni ephakeme liphinyiselwe unkamisa e izwi abathwele incazelo enkulu.imisindo engaqinile kanye dlala abizwa ngokuthi ngesiRashiya unstressed. Strong abaningi ukushaqeka. Ligcizelela ngolimi lwethu unfastened futhi yenza umsebenzi lwetakhi telulwimi: ikhaya U h .., Homes plural ... Ngezinye izikhathi ukucindezeleka kuyinto Castle ehlukile isakhiwo, Castle idivayisi ukukhiya umnyango.Ukwahlukanisa onkamisa izici articulatory. Labial neogublennye onkamisaUkubhekisisa ngezigaba yonkamisa kuyinto ebanzi kakhulu kunenani isikhulumi. Ngaphezu izwi akha izindebe, ulimi kanye nemihlathi. Sound ekhiqizwa ngendlela ethile, futhi lubonakala ngokuqina izici ezilandelayo:ezihilela izindebe e lasungulwa;ulimi degree lift;ovundlile ukunyakaza ulimi esikhathini ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo.Onkamisa zingase zimiswe ngumuntu esisuka sezindebe ke bebizwa labial labialized. Uma izindebe azisetshenziswa e ekwakhekeni unkamisa, ibizwa ngokuthi neogublennym nelabializovannye.onkamisa Labial akhiwa bulging phambili ohlanganisa nomunye izindebe. Umoya sidlula ube umngcingo ezakhiwe a izindebe tube eligoqiwe, ngalo ingaphakathi ngomlomo eside. I degree of labial lihlukile: the unkamisa a abambalwa, kanye unkamisa y elinesimo neku- labial. Ezinye izindaba zika-onkamisa kukhona neogublennymi, okusho nelabializovannymi.Onkamisa ngezinga ukunyakaza mpo olimi, okuwukuthi, singabambi ephakamisaSendlela ifike ulimi esibhakabhakeni, onkamisa yilezi:lift Upper. Kuzwakala futhi s y. Basuke kwakhiwa lapho nolimi ophakamayo njengoba eliphezulu ngangokunokwenzeka. Lezi imisindo abizwa ngokuthi ezincane eziningi.Umqansa okulingene - kuzwakala e, o. Lapho zabo imfundo ngolimi uwela waba ngaphansana emfundweni odlule.I lift ephansi - umsindo a. It ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi ulimi ephansi okunokwenzeka eyehlisiwe. Lokhu umsindo ubizwa nangokuthi ububanzi.I ephansi phezulu, abantu abaningi avule umlomo futhi umhlathi ongezansi lehla.Onkamisa ukunyakaza ovundlile olimiOnkamisa ukunyakaza ovundlile olimi emlonyeni, futhi, zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu:Emgqeni ophambili - kuzwakala futhi e. Lapho zakha phambili ingxenye ulimi kuyadingeka ukukhulisa ngaphambili ulwanga.irowu Ephakathi - kuzwakala a, s. Lapho imfundo yabo ophakamayo ingxenye phakathi ulimi engxenyeni phakathi ulwanga.irowu Emuva - y, o. Phakathi kumiswa zabo ngemuva ulimi ephakanyiswe ngase ezingemuva LasePalatine.Ngendlela generalized we ngezigaba yonkamisa kubonakala unxantathu yonkamisa. It ungabona esithombeni ngezansi.Shades yonkamisaDivision eziningana ephakamisa futhi ayihambisani ngomnotho nokwehluka onkamisa. Ngokuvamile, Ukwahlukaniswa onkamisa ongwaqa of isiRashiya ubanzi kakhulu kunowanoma lunikeziwe zesikole lwezifundo. Njengoba embodiments lokuqala nelesibili kungase ezinokuphinyiselwa. It kuncike isikhundla lapho they bekezelela.Ngaphandle umsindo, futhi nguye lapho uphinyiswa nomlomo kancane evulekile ulimi ephakamisa ngaphansana u. Lokhu umsindo unegama futhi evulekile. I umbhalo luchazwa ngegama kanye. Isibonelo: ihlathi li e sa .Ngakho evulekile umsindo s e. Ngokwesibonelo, igama elithi yensimbi okuyinto uphinyiswa njengoba e zhy lezny.Ngaphakathi a khundla ababuthakathaka phambi ilunga wagcizelela esikhundleni imisindvo a, a uphinyiswa nelabializovanny uzwakale . Wayengumuntu phezu Isimo ulimi senzeka phakathi a kanye no- o, isibonelo: utshani tr va ensimini n la.Kukhona onkamisa enciphile ngaphezulu, bebizwa attenuation umsindo ngaphezulu. It b kanye no- b. B - lokhu umsindo inombolo isilinganiso ephakamisa srednenizhnego. B - umsindo umsindo lift ngaphambili irowu srednenizhnego. Izibonelo esitimela pr vo sika, amanzi e vdi noy. Buthaka ukuphinyiselwa kwawo ngenxa remoteness yalezi onkamisa ekucindezelekeni.Umsindo kanye, e s , b, b kwenzeka kuphela esimweni ngaphandle ukucindezeleka.Ukwencika onkamisa kusukela ongwaqa umsunguloUkushintsha yokubiza onkamisa, kuncike ezithambile palatalized ongwaqa uyazicabangela nemisindo yamagama. Ukwahlukanisa unkamisa umsindo kuye endaweni enjalo kungaba elabekwa kanje:Unkamisa ka-, e, o, y Uhambisa kancane phezulu nokudlulisa ekuqaleni yokubiza.Uma lezi onkamisa phakathi ongwaqa zithambile, izinguquko ukuhambisana zigcinwe kulo kusho umsindo: umalokazana zat , anti tota, tulle tul.Izinhlobo wagcizelela onkamisaNgo ngolimi lwethu zikhona izinto eziyisithupha ukuthi emelelwa tinhlobo letehlukene onkamisa wagcizelela. Bonke ethulwa ethebuleni elingezansi.Izinhlobo onkamisa unstressedUkwahlukanisa unkamisa umsindo wenkulumo, ungami ngaphansi ukugcizelela incike ukusondela noma remoteness ekucindezelekeni futhi isabizwana noma postposition maqondana ke:Unkamisa u, s, y, kumi ilunga pretonic kancane buthaka e ukuhambisana yayo, kodwa akusho ngokuyinhloko ukushintsha.Uma s umi ngemuva sizzling esithambile futhi kanzima ngaphambi, ke nje ihamba phezulu nokudlulisa ekupheleni kusho umsindo, isibonelo e izwi w y vet.Umsindo y ekuqaleni kwamagama, ubumi phambi ongwaqa kanye ezithambile ngemva velar kanzima noma elinamakhasi, futhi, nje ukuya phezulu nokudlulisa ekupheleni yokubiza. Ngokwesibonelo: u TYuG, w U Rit.Unkamisa y, uma ngemuva soft ungwaqa, ungwaqa ngaphambi kanzima, yenyukela enhla nokudlulisa ekuqaleni yokubiza. Ngokwesibonelo: lU s uthando.Uma y esiphakathi ongwaqa elithambile, ihamba phezulu nokudlulisa phakathi nawo wonke asakazwe isikhathi: lU nesigqi.Unkamisa a, a, uma emva velar ekuqaleni kwamagama, kanzima futhi c, wamemezela njengoba ᅗ, eyakha lesi unkamisa is kumugqa phakathi, ku ephakamisa kuyinto srednenizhnim yena nelabializovanny.Ngu unkamisa a, a, e, uma emva ezithambile ungwaqa, h j uphinyiswa s, esibonakala njengoba nelabializovanny unkamisa isilinganiso phakathi u kanye no- e yena inani imfundo phambili, ephakamisa kuyinto sredneverhnim.Unkamisa e, o, okuyizinto emva w, x, wamemezela njengoba ye, kuba umsindo neperednego chungechunge, it is akulindelekile hhayi e, umsindo ungezwakala, isibonelo, igama elithi ephilayo noma ye Vat. Unkamisa a ngemva w, x uphinyiswa njengoba ᅗ. Lokhu umsindo ungezwakala e igama elithi sh ᅗ alithulula.Futhi s, y buthaka ukuhambisana yabo yesithathu neyesibili amaqoqo pretonic, kodwa uhlamvu ayishintshi yokubiza.Unkamisa y lapho ema e eyesibili neyesithathu ilunga pretonic phambi ongwaqa palatalized futhi umsindo okuqinile, akuhlukile umsindo, akhulunywa ilunga pretonic, lokhu kusebenza futhi unkamisa u kanye no- u.Unkamisa a, a, e kule lesithathu nelesibili amaqoqo pretonic ekuqaleni zamagama lushintshwe ngokuya uhlobo uhlamvu, simi phambi nokugqamisa - kusayithi yonkamisa wagcizelela a, a liphinyiselwe is ᅗ, futhi indawo e evelele ye.Shintsha unkamisa umsindo ku eshaywayo zaudarnyh amaqoqo ziyabonakala ethebuleni elingezansi.Kufinyeta, singaphetha ngokuthi Ukwahlukaniswa onkamisa kuthinta yokuma ulimi. Ukuhambisa emlonyeni, kudala izimo ezahlukene ukuze kwakhiwe imisindo. Ziqondakala njengoba onkamisa ezahlukene.Amazwi Latin: izibonelo. 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