 Mayelana Ne-Imbokodo - ImbokodoMayelana Ne-ImbokodoIvolontiyaImitholampilo YocwaningoImibuzo Ephakama NjaloIyini Imbokodo?Imbokodo iwucwaningo olukhulu lokusebenza oluhlola inhlanganisela yemithi emibili yokuvimbela i-HIV esavivinywa. Imithi yokugoma yocwaningo kuthiwa i-Ad26.Mos4.HIV umuthi wokugoma i-Ad26 ne-Clade C gp140 umuthi wokugoma wephrotheni. Izinhloso eziyinhloko zalolu cwaningo ukuthola ukuthi:Ingabe le mithi yokugoma ingayivimbela i-HIV?Ingabe imithi yokugoma iphephile ukuyinika abantu?Ingabe amasosha omzimba abantu ayasabela emithini yokugoma yocwaningo?Imithi yokugoma ehlolwa kulolu cwaningo NGEKE idale i-HIV noma ingculaza. Ayenziwanga nge-HIV ephilayo, i-HIV ebulewe, izingxenye ezithathwe ku-HIV, noma amaseli abantu anegciwane le-HIV. Yenziwa ngamakhophi okwenziwa enziwe umuntu ezingxenye ze-HIV, ngakho ayikwazi ukudala i-HIV noma ingculaza.Imithi yokugoma yocwaningo isavivinywa. Lokho kusho sisayicwaninga futhi sisaqhubeka sifunda ukuthi iphephe kangakanani ukuyisebenzisa kubantu nokuthi ingalivimba yini igciwane le-HIV.Lemithi yokugoma izosetshenziselwa ucwaningo kuphela. Ayitholakali ukuthi isetshenziswe umphakathi noma ukuthi idayiswe. Lemithi yokugoma ivela kubenzi bayo, i-Janssen Vaccines Prevention B.V., eyingxenye ye-Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies yakwa-Johnson Johnson.Ngitsheleni Kabanzi Mayelana Ne-ImbokodoImbokodo iwucwaningo olukhulu oluhlose ukubonisa ukuthi lemithi yokugoma ingabavikela abesifazane base-Afrika eningizimu ye-Sahara ekungenweni yigciwane le-HIV. Uma Imbokodo ingabonisa ukuthi le mithi yokugoma iyasebenza kwabesifazane e-Afrika eseningizimu ye-Sahara, lokhu kuyoba yisinyathelo esibalulekile endleleni yokuthola umuthi wokugoma ophephile nosebenzayo ongavikela abantu ku-HIV emhlabeni wonke.Olunye ucwaningo olukhulu, olwenziwa ngo-2009, lwabonisa ngokokuqala ngqa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma ungayinqanda i-HIV, yize amathuba emancane. Lolo cwaningo kwakuthiwa i-RV144 futhi lwenziwa e-Thailand ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-16,000. Imiphumela yayijabulisa, futhi yabonisa ukuthi umuthi wokugoma wavimbela abangamaphesenti angu-31.2 ekungenweni yigciwane le-HIV elisha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imithi yokugoma yocwaningo eyasetshenziswa ku-RV144 yakwazi ukunqanda igciwane le-HIV cishe kumuntu oyedwa kwabathathu abathola umuthi wokugoma ocwaningweni. Yize lokhu kwakunganele ukuthi kukhishwe ilayisensi yokusetshenziswa kwemithi yokugoma emphakathini, ucwaningo lwanika ososayensi izimpawu nolwazi ababeludinga ukuze bathole imithi yokugoma engcono. Imithi yokugoma evivinywayo ku-Imbokodo ihlukile kweyesivivinyo se-RV144.Imithi yokugoma esetshenziswa ku-Imbokodo, kanye nemithi yokugoma efana nayo, iye yahlolwa ocwaningweni oluningana oluncane. Olunye lwalolu cwaningo oluncane lwaziwa ngokuthi i-Approach, olusebenzisa umuthi wokugoma ofana nse i-Ad26 nomuthi wokugoma wephrotheni ofana nowe-Imbokodo futhi lwenziwa e-US, e-Rwanda, e-Uganda, eNingizimu Afrika, nase-Thailand. Imithi yokugoma i-Ad26 nowephrotheni esetshenziswa ku-Imbokodo inikezwa abantu abangama-235 ocwaningweni olubili e-US, eKenya, nase-Rwanda okuthiwa i-HVTN 117 Traverse ne-HVTN 118 Ascent. I-Traverse ne-Ascent yizivivinyo zesigaba sokuqala lapho abacwaningi befuna ukubona ukuthi ingabe i-Ad26 nomuthi wokugoma wephrotheni imithi efanayo esetshenziswa ku-Imbokodo iphephile yini ukuyinika abantu; ukuthi ingabe abantu bayakwazi yini ukusebenzisa lemithi yokugoma yocwaningo ngaphandle kokuphatheka kabi kakhulu; nokuthi ingabe amasosha omzimba abantu asabela kanjani emithini yokugoma yocwaningo i-Ad26 nowephrotheni. Imiphumela yasekuqaleni ye-Traverse, kanye nocwaningo lwe-Approach olushiwo ngenhla, ibonise ukuthi le mithi yokugoma iphephile ukuyinika abantu futhi iwaphatha kahle amasosha omzimba.Ocwaningweni olwenziwe kuze kube namuhla, azikho izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo ezake zavela ezihlobene nale mithi yokugoma. Kodwa-ke, kuhlale kunethuba lokuthi kuvele izinkinga ezingakabonakali okwamanje. Yingakho enye inhloso yalolu cwaningo iwukuhlola ukuthi ingabe le mithi yokugoma iphephile uma inikwa abantu abaningana. Impilo yombambiqhaza ngamunye izonakekelwa ngokucophelela kulo lonke ucwaningo.Imbokodo ihlukile ocwaningweni oluncane, ngokuthi ku-Imbokodo, abacwaningi sebefuna ukwazi ukuthi ingabe imithi yokugoma i-Ad26 nowephrotheni ingalivimbela yini ngempela igciwane le-HIV.Ubani Owenza Ucwaningo?Ucwaningo lwenziwa yi-HVTN, i-Janssen Vaccines Prevention B.V., eyingxenye ye-Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies yakwa-Johnson Johnson, nayo yonke imitholampilo eneqhaza ocwaningweni. Labo zakwethu basebenza ngokubambisana nomphakathi ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi lolucwaningo luyamukeleka emphakathini wendawo futhi luhlonipha amasiko endawo. 