<qa>  What is the effect of MC on STI prevention?b.2. MC for STI prevention: MC is an effective strategy to decrease the risk of infection with HIV and other STI in heterosexual males. A beneficial effect has also been observed in decreasing the risk of STI in females. The RCTs confirmed that VMMC decreases herpes simplex virus type 2 HSV-2 acquisition by 29, and HPV prevalence by 34 in men4. Among female partners of circumcised men, bacterial vaginosis was reduced by 40, and trichomonas vaginalis infection was reduced by 486. Genital ulcer disease was also reduced among males and their female partners by approximately half16. 