<qa>  What is the potential to offer new therapeutic and research targets in diabetes and obesity care?Overall, this proposed study of gut hormone secretion and metabolism in the lean population will define the causative pathways of dumping syndrome and provide a model for the study of post-operative gut hormone changes without the confounding effects of massive weight loss. In turn, this will expand knowledge of the physiological pathways underlying gut hormone secretion and their role in glucose homeostasis, with the potential to offer new therapeutic and research targets in diabetes and obesity care, as well as in this patient cohort. 