<qa>  How many patients will be randomized into 3 groups?Methods The study will be a prospective, randomized trial in which a total of 90 patients 5-10 kgs undergoing first time cardiac surgery using CPB at Egleston Hospital will be randomized into 3 groups. Group 1 will be the control group for whom the current standard unmodified CPB circuit will be used. Group 2 will undergo surgery using the PCSMART modified CPB circuit Cobe Cardiovascular Inc, Arvada, CO. Group 3 will undergo surgery using the PMEA modified circuit Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. 