<qa>  What is the name of the study that will be performed in four groups of HIV and HIV3a. To test the hypothesis that pulmonary colonization is increased in subjects with HIV-associated emphysema. The investigators will perform serial bronchoscopic alveolar lavage BAL in four groups of HIV and HIV - subjects: smokers with emphysema, smokers without emphysema, non-smokers with emphysema, and non-smokers without emphysema at the four sub-study sites. The investigators will use culture and molecular techniques to test for pathogens associated with emphysema andor HIV and compare results between groups at baseline and over time to test our hypothesis that HIV subjects with emphysema harbor sub-clinical infection and that these infections accelerate lung damage and inflammation. The investigators will also determine pulmonary HIV levels and their relationship to emphysema and colonization. 