<qa>  What is an important contributor to HIV pathogenesis?Inflammation is an important contributor to HIV pathogenesis both prior to and after ART initiation. Inflammatory responses can occur abruptly upon ART initiation known as immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome or IRIS and can be chronic in persons with suppressed plasma HIV viremia who are treated with ART, and has been linked to an excess risk of non-AIDS serious events such as cardiovascular, liver and kidney disease and accelerated bone loss. Corticosteroids to reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines in plasma are a standard therapeutic intervention for IRIS, however a more targeted anti-inflammatory and less broadly immunosuppressive intervention is desirable. 