<qa>  What is the direct cause of HIV-ls pathogenesis?SP01A may affect cholesterol binding, which is directly implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV. Several observations have also established that inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis inhibit cell fusion formation induced by HIV-l and that drugs extracting cholesterol from the cellular membrane exert an anti-HIV-1 effect in-vitro. Taken together, these data may suggest that procaine hydrochloride and SP01A reduces HIV-1 virus replication by modifying the cholesterol content of the cell membrane, rendering it much more difficult for the virus to enter and infect the cell. 