<qa>  What is the main benefit of NVP in the developing world?Single-dose intrapartum and neonatal nevirapine NVP, either alone or in combination with short course zidovudine ZDV is in widespread use to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission throughout the developing world. Though the public health benefits cannot be overstated, widespread use of NVP in this fashion may come at a cost. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor NNRTI resistance mutations are induced in at least 20 and probably a larger proportion of women exposed to NVP in this fashion. Addition of short-course ZDV does not appear to mitigate this effect substantially. The full implications of these NVP resistance mutations are yet unknown, though there is concern that they may result in reduced efficacy of the NVP or other NNRTIs in long-term, therapeutic regimens. 