<prompt> In essential hypertention changes seen in the heart areCardiac cell hyperplasiaCardiac cell hypertrophyIncresed in the mitochondrial numberIncrease in size of mitochondria  <response>: Ans. is b i.e., Cardiac cell hypertrophy Hypertrophy - Its increase in size of a tissue dt increase size of individual cells.Hyperplasia - Increase in size of a tissue as a result of increased no. of component cells . Its the principle mechanism for increased size in tissue composed of labile stable cells.Hypertrophy is seen in following tissues Tissue - Cause of increased demandsSkeletal muscle hypertrophy - physical activity, weight liftingCardiac muscle hypertrophy - Increased pressure load HypertensionIncreased volume load Valve incompetence causing regurgitation of bloodSmooth muscle hypertrophy - obstructive lesions Wall of intestine urinary bladderRenal hypertrophy - Unilateral disease of one kidneyRemoval of one kidneyHyperplasia is seen in - Breast growth during pregnancy lactationBoth hypertrophy and hyperplasia is seen in - uterine growth during pregnancy 