<prompt> Nodular glomerulosclerosis is associated with:September 2009 and 2011, September 2012Henoch-Schonlein purpuraHemolytic uremic syndromeHypeensionDiabetes Mellitus  <response>: Ans. D: Diabetes MellitusNodular glomerulosclerosis refers to a histologic pattern of nodular mesangial sclerosis with accentuated, lobular-appearing glomeruli on renal biopsy.Although nodular glomerulosclerosis is classically described in association with diabetes the so-called KimmelstielWilson lesion, the lesion is not pathognomonic for diabetic nephropathy. In fact, a number of renal conditions have been seen in association with this distinctive, histologic pattern.The differential diagnosis of non-diabetic, nodular glomerulosclerosis includes, but is not limited to:Immunotactoid glomerulosnephritisFibrillary glomerulosnephritisFibronectin glomerulosnephritisCryoglobulinemic glomerulosnephritisAmyloidosisLight Chain Deposition Disease LCDDHeavy Chain Deposition Disease HCDDIdiopathic Nodular GlomerulosclerosisIn order to determine the specific disease responsible for nodular glomerulosclerosis, a deliberate inspection of the renal biopsy paicularly, Congo red staining is required.The diagnosis of idiopathic nodular glomerulosclerosis remains one of exclusion. 