<prompt> What does the CTG graph shows?Deceleration in cardiotopographyAcceleration in cardiotopographyCannot be saidNormal cardiotopography  <response>: Ans. A Deceleration in cardiotopographyRef: Williams Obstetrics 25th Ed; Page No- 335-39Non-stress Test NSTThis test assesses the frequency of fetal movements using an external fetal heart rate FHR monitoring device to detect the presence or absence of accelerations.It is also known as cardiotocography CTG.These are abrupt increases in FHR above the baseline lasting 2 min and are unrelated to contractions. The criteria vary by gestational age:32 weeks, the increase should be 10 beatsmin lasting 10s32 weeks, the increase should be 15 beatsmin lasting 15sNon-stress Test NSTReactive NSTCriteria: Two accelerations in 20 min: Increases Fetal Heart Rate 15 beatsmin bpm above baseline if 32 weeks GA; 10 bpm if 32 weeks GA lasting for at least 15 seconds.Assessment: Reassuring of fetal well-being Fetal Heart Rate is monitored externally by Doppler along with a tocodynamometer to detect uterine contractions. Acoustic stimulation may be used in some cases.Follow-up: Repeated it weeklybiweeklyNonreactive NSTCriteria: No Fetal Heart Rate accelerations or did not meet criteria over a 40-minute periodAssessment: Fetal CNS anomalies, fetal Sleeping, maternal sedative or narcotic administrationFollow-up: VASIf still No Response: Perform further tests like:- Contraction Stress Test CST or Biophysical profile BPP 