<prompt> True statement regarding upper GI bleeds:It is bleeding up to ampulla of VaterMost common cause is variceal bleedingRockall-Baylor scoring is used for risk stratificationMost common management is endoscopic banding  <response>: UPPER GI BLEED: Bleeding up to Lig. of Treitz Mc cause- Non-variceal peptic ulcer bleeding Causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding Condition Ulcers 60 Oesophageal 6 Gastric 21 Duodenal 33 Erosions 26 Oesophageal 13 Gastric 9 Duodenal 4 Mallory-Weiss tear 4 Oesophageal varices 4 Tumour 0.5 Vascular lesions, e.g. Dieulafoys disease 0.5 Others 5 Risk stratification system for UPPER GI BLEEDS: - Help to identify the patients at higher risk of major bleeding or death facilitate patient triage Commonly used scoring systems: - Rockall score -takes account of endoscopic findings, most useful - Blatchford score -during initial assessment, does not require endoscopic data. Commonly Used Risk Stratification Systems for Upper GI Bleeds Blatchford Score PUSH MelenaSyncope CardiacHepatic Dysfunction Rockall Baylor Score CASDE PulseQ Blood Urea nitrogenQ Systolic BPQ HemoglobinQ Presence of MelenaQ, SyncopeQ, HepaticQ or Cardiac dysfunctionQ Comorbid diseaseQ cardia, hepatic, renal, or disseminated AgeQ 60 years, 60-79 years 80 years ShockQ systolic BP 100 mm Hg. HR 100 beatsmin Diagnosis at the time of endoscopy Mallory-Weiss non-malignant lesions, or malignant lesions Endoscopic Stigmata of recent bleedQ 