<prompt> 70 years old female patient with Alzheimers disease was lost in a market and was found only on the next day. The patient has not drunk or eaten anything for the past 24 hours. On examination, she is mildly confused and dehydrated. Blood glucose levels are normal. Which one of the following hormone is responsible for normal blood glucose levels and acts on the intracellular receptors?EpinephrineCortisolGrowth hormoneGlucagon  <response>: Answer: b Cortisol.EFFECTS OF HYPOGLYCEMIA Insulin Shock Complete inhibition of insuling secretion occurs below the blood sugar levels 80mgdl. Glucagon, GH, Epinephrine secretion occurs below the blood sugar levels of 70mgdl. COMA- levels less than 30mgdl. CONVULSIONS-levels less than 20mgdl. PERMAMENT BRAIN DAMAGE DEATH- levels less than 10mgdl.Effects of glucon epinephrine: rapid short lived.Effects of growth hormone cortisol: slow, long lasting. HormonesMechanism of actionExamplesProtein peptide hormonesCombines with cell surface receptors and may increase adenylyl cyclase activity via G proteins increases intracellular cAMP.Calcitonin, ACTH, PTH, Glucagon, LH, FSH, ADH,TSH, SomatostatinModify guanylate cyclase activity via G proteins alters intracellular cAMPNO, ANP, Guanylin intracellular Ca2 IP3 DAGOxytocin, Ach, GnRH kinase Phosphatase activityInsulin, Prolactin, GH,IGF-I IIIncrease serine or threonine kinase activityinhibin, activinSteroid hormonesBinds forms a complex with cytoplasmic receptor. Complex enters the nucleus regulates protein synthesis.Androgen, Estrogen, Progesterone, Cortisol Aldosterone, Vit-A DThyroid hormonesBinds forms a complex with nuclear receptor regulates protein synthesisThyroxine 