<prompt> A sudden increase in total peripheral resistance has all of the following effect except:Increase the diastolic blood pressureReduce the stroke volumeIncrease the mean arterial blood pressureIncrease cardiac output  <response>: An increase in total peripheral resistance leads to an increase in mean arterial blood pressure Mean arterial blood pressure Cardiac output x Total peripheral resistance. Mean arterial blood pressure is a good measure of afterload, which is a measure of the force the heart must develop during ejection. An increase in total peripheral resistance therefore increases afterload. A sudden increase in total peripheral resistance momentarily reduces stroke volume and, therefore, cardiac output. The reduced ejection leads to an increase in end-systolic volume and a subsequent increase in end-diastolic volume. In the long term, stroke volume is maintained because the left ventricle now develops a greater force of contraction ventricular systolic pressure increases and cardiac output returns to normal. 