<prompt> Corkscrew oesophagus is seen in :Achalasia cardiaDiffuse esophageal spasmCarcinoma esophagusReflux oesophagitis  <response>: DES is characterized by substernal chest pain andor dysphagia. DES differs from classic achalasia in that it is primarily a disease of the esophageal body, produces a lesser degree of dysphagia, causes more chest pain, and has less effect on the patients general condition. Nonetheless, it is impossible to differentiate achalasia from DES on the basis of symptoms alone. Esophagogram and esophageal manometry are required to distinguish these two entities. In patients with advanced disease, the radiographic appearance of teiary contractions appears helical, and has been termed corkscrew esophagus or pseudodiveiculosis. Ref :Jobe B.A., Peters J.H. 2010. Chapter 25. Esophagus and Diaphragmatic Hernia. In T.R. Billiar, D.L. Dunn Eds, Schwazs Principles of Surgery, 9e. 