<prompt> Which of the following is preferred treatment after birth for baby of HBsAg positive mother?HepB immunoglobulin onlyHepB immunoglobulin HepB immunizationOnly HepB immunizationNo active treatment required  <response>: Ans. is b i.e., Hep B immunoglobulin Hep B immunization o Hepatitis B virus HBV: It is a global public health problem. The virus is transmitted by parenteral route, sexual contact, vertical transmission and rarely through breast milk. The risk of transmission to fetus ranges from 10 in first trimester to as high as 90 in third trimester and it is specially high 90 from those mothers who are seropositive to hepatitis B surface antigen HBsAg and e-antigen HBeAg.o Neonatal transmission mainly occurs at or around the time of delivery through mixing of maternal blood and genital secretions. Approximately 25 of the carrier neonate will die from cirrhosis or hepatic carcinoma, between late childhood to early adulthood. HBV is not teratogenic.Recommended treatment for infants born to HBsAg positive mother:o Infants bom to HBsAg-positive mothers should receive HBIG 0.5 mL intramuscularly IM once they are physiologically stable, preferably within 12 hours after birtho HB vaccine, either plasma-derived 10 gmg per dose or recombinant 5 gmg per dose, should be administered IM in three doses of 0.5 mL each.o The first dose should be given concurrently with HBIG but at a different site. If vaccine is not immediately available, the first dose can be given within 7 days after birth. The second and third doses should be given 1 month and 6 months after the first.o Testing the infant for HBsAg and its antibody anti-HBs is recommended at 12-15 months of age to monitor the effectiveness of therapy. If HBsAg is not detectable and anti-HBs is present, the child can be considered protected. Testing for antibody to hepatitis B core antigen anti-HBc is not useful, since maternal anti-HBc can persist for more than a year.o HBIG and HB vaccination do not interfere with the routine childhood immunizations. 