<prompt> Conventional cytogenetics are difficult in solid tumors especially in case of carcinoma cervix ?High mitotic rateBacterial contamination of the specimenGood metaphase activityAll  <response>: Ans. is b i.e.,Bacterial contamination of the specimen Cytogenetics in Cancers o Cytogenetics is the study of the genetic constitution of individuals at the level of cells and chromosomes. o Cytogenetic studies of cancer have become an essential tool in clinical management of cancer patients. o Cytogenetic studies may be :- i Conventional :- eg. karyotyping ii Molecular techniques eg. FISH, multiplex FISH, comparative genomic hybridization o Conventional cytogenetics studies are more difficult in solid tumors than hematological malignancies. Solid tumors comprise approximately 95 of all malignancies, but account for only a little over 25 of cases in published cytogenetic studies. The main reasons are :- Cytogenetics in Cancers o Cytogenetics is the study of the genetic constitution of individuals at the level of cells and chromosomes. o Cytogenetic studies of cancer have become an essential tool in clinical management of cancer patients. o Cytogenetic studies may be :- i Conventional :- eg. karyotyping ii Molecular techniques eg. FISH, multiplex FISH, comparative genomic hybridization o Conventional cytogenetics studies are more difficult in solid tumors than hematological malignancies. Solid tumors comprise approximately 95 of all malignancies, but account for only a little over 25 of cases in published cytogenetic studies. The main reasons are :- 