<prompt> A 32-year-old woman seeking to become pregnant visits her physician for a pre-pregnancy examination. Routine prenatal laboratory testing demonstrates the following profile: HBsAg -, anti-HBsAg , anti-HBcAg -, anti-HBeAg -, and HBV DNA -. Which of the following likely represents the status of the patient?Hepatitis B carrierImmunized against hepatitis BInfected and within the window periodInfected with hepatitis B and highly transmissible  <response>: The patient is only positive for antibody to the hepatitis B antigen. This suggests that the patient has been vaccinated for hepatitis B virus HBV. The vaccine consists of recombinantly produced HBV surface antigen HBsAg alone; Antibodies to the core protein anti-HBcAg appear during acute illness and between the disappearance of HBsAg and the appearance of anti-HBsAg, the window period. 