<prompt> Which of the following is used to treat pain -Transcutaneous nerve stimulationSubcaudate tractotomyCingulotomyAll of the above  <response>: Ans. isai.e., Transcutaneous nerve stimulationlRef: Morgan 4he p. 389-410Various modalities of treatment which are tried for chronic pain:-Pharmacotherapy :- The various drugs mentioned above are used for chronic pain syndrome. The various routes can be used:- oral, intravenous, epidural or Transcutaneous.Neuro-surgical :- Anterolateral cordotomy, dorsal root entry zone lesion, selective rhizotomy, commissural myelotomy, sympathectomy mesencephalic tractotomy, cordectomyChemical neurolysis:- Glycerol, alcohol, phenol e.g. intrathecal hyperbaric phenol.Other- Acupuncture, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, neuromodulation proceduresintracranial stimulation:- deep brainsubcoical and motor coex stimulation cryoablation 