<prompt> The odds ratio is designated as -abcdacbdbdacadbc  <response>: Ans. is d i.e., adbc Odds - ratio cross product ratioo From a case-control study odds ratio can be derived which a measure of the strength of association between risk factor and outcome.o The odds ratio is closely related to relative risk which is analyzed in a cohort study - odds ratio represents only an estimate of relative risk.o The odds ratio is the cross product of entries in above tableOdds ratio adbeo The odds ratio is a key parameter in the analysis of case-control studies. 