<prompt> Which of the following is a special stain used to diagnose fungal hyphae in tissues?Methenamine silverMasson TrichromeCongo redAlcian blue  <response>: Ans. a. Methenamine silver Ref: Ananthnarayan 8e p601; Rooks Textbook of Dermatology 8e p10.8Methenamine silver stains fungal tissue black. It stains only living fungi. Stains used to identify fungiPeriodic acid Schiff PASMethenamine Silver Stain Grocotts and Gomoris stain Stains fungal tissue Red Stains both living and dead fungi Stains fungal tissue Black Stains only living fungiOil red O stain is used for frozen specimen. For Connective Tissue and LipidsName of stainElements stainedTrichrome StainCollagenQVerhoeff-Van Gieson stain Best for ElastinElastic fibersLuna stainElastin Mast cellsSilver Methenamine stainreticulinOil red O stain on Fresh specimenSudan black on fixed specimenFatQMallorys PTAH stainMuscle striationsMartius scarlet blue MSBFibrinQPAS, Silver Methenamine stainBasement membraneBielschowsky silver stainNeurofibrillary tangles senile plaquesLuxol fast bluemyelin For MicroorganismsName of stainElements stainedZiehl-Nielsen stain. Kinyoun stainAcid-fast bacilliMay-Grunwald Giemsa StainBacteria, blood elementsToluidine method, Steiner methodH. pylori stained blackQGrocotts Methenamine silver method. PASFungiQMarchiveltos stainRickettsia viral inclusionsShikatas orcein stainHepatitis B antigenMucicarmineCryptococcusQWarthin-Starry methodspirochetesGomori Methenamine silverFungus stained blackQCalcofluor whiteAcanthamoeba stained whiteQ For CarbohydratesName of stainElements stainedPASGlycogenneutral mucin or mucoproteinAlcian blueat pH 2.5: Positive for acid mucopolysaccharidesDifferentiates Acid neutral mucopolysaccharidesAlcian blue at pH 1Highly acidic mucins sulphated mucinsQMucicarmine stain specificAcidic epithelial MucinQ For Minerals, pigments and miscellaneousName of stainElements stainedVon Kossas stain MC usedAlizarin red S at pH 4.2 specific for CalciumcalciumPrussian blueIronQFontana Masson Silver stainMelaninQModified FouchetsBile pigmentsOrcein Modified rhodamine method of choicecopper For Hematological cellsName of stainElements stainedRomanowsky stainGiemsa. Leishman, Wright, GennerRoutine Wood bone marrowMyeloperoxidaseMyeloid cellsSudan Black BMyeloid cellsNon-specific EsteraseMonocytic cellsAcid PhosphataseT-lymphocytesPASLymphoblasts block positiveErythroid granular positiveTartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase TRAPHairy cell leukemiaToluidine blueMast cells basophils For amyloidName of stainElements stainedCongo Red stainAmyloid Gold standard is congo red staining with appleMetachromatic stains like crystal violetgreen birefringence under polarized lightQ 