<prompt> Most common fracture in elderly -TCNFColles fractureIT fractureSupracondylar fracture  <response>: Ans. is b i.e., Colles fracture o Colles fracture is the most common fracture in a person over 40 years.COLLES FRACTUREo Colies fracture is an extra-articular fracture at the distal end of radius, at its cortico-cancellous junction. It is the most common fracture in a person over 40 years of age and especially in women after menopause Postmenopausal females. The association of the fracture with osteoporosis is now well established and it is one of the fragility fracture, seen in osteoporosis. The fracture nearly always caused by fall on outstretched hand.Displacement in collies fractureo The fracture line runs transversely at the cortico-cancellous junction.o In the majority of the cases, one or more displacements of the distal fragment occurs Dorsal displacement Dorsal shiftiv Lateral tilt lateral angulationii Dorsal tilt Dorsal angulationv Supination external rotationiii Lateral displacement lateral shiftvi Impaction proximal migrationClinical features of codes fractureo Pain and swelling at the wrist.o Typical deformity: There is a dorsal hollow or depression just proximal to the fracture and immediately distal to this there is a marked prominence caused by lower fragment being displaced backward, carrying with it the whole of the carpus and hand. This gives the appearance of a fork. So named dinner fork silver forkspoon shaped deformity.o There is local tenderness.Treatment of Colles fractureo Treatment of collies fracture is essentially conservative.o For undisplaced fracture below-elbow cast is given in-situ.o For displaced fractures, the standard method of treatment is to undertake manipulative reduction under local or general anesthesia.o Technique of closed manipulation involves reversing the typical deformities of colles fracture in following sequenceDisimpaction by traction to correct impaction.Palmer flexion ulnar deviation to correct dorsal tilt shift and radial tilt l shift,Pronation internal rotation to correct supination external rotation.o After reduction below elbow cast is given. 