<prompt> Renal stones which are laminated and irregular in outline are -Uric acidCalcium oxalateStruviteCystine  <response>: Ans. is b i.e.. Calcium oxalate o Calcium oxalate stones - Usually single, hard aka Mulberry stone -Dark colored dt staining with altered blood.Spiky.On section - Wavy concentric laminae.There may be secondary phosphate deposit on surface.High calcium content.o Uric acidurate stones - Moderate hardness -Usually muliple and faceted.Yellow to dark brown.On section -- Wavy concentric markings not laminae!!Radioleucent, occur in acidic urine.o Cystine calculi -Usually multiple, softYellow or pink - hue gradually changes to green on exposure to air.Occur in acid urineCystine crystals are hexagonal, white and translucent.o Xanthine CalculiSmooth, round brick red.Lamellar on cut section.o Indigo calculiBlue in colour derived from Indican.o Phosphatetriple phosphatestruvitestaghorn calculus.Composed of calcium phosphateammonium magnesium phosphate.Smooth, soft, friable.On section -- Laminated appearence. 