<prompt> Amyloid is stained by?PASCongo redH EMethenemine silver  <response>: ANSWER: B Congo redREF: Robbins 7th edition page 263Repeat from Primary DNB CET June 2009, December 2008See APPENDIX-24 below for HIS TO LOGYPATHOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY STAINSThe histological diagnosis of amyloid is based almost entirely on its staining characteristics. The most commonly used staining technique employs the dye Congo red, which under ordinary light imparts pink or red colour to amyloid deposits. Under polaried light, the Congo red stained amyloid shows a green birefringence. Confirmation is done by electron microscopy beta pleated on electron microscope APPENDIX - 24HistologyPathologyMicrobiology StainsT issuesubstanoeStainCommentAmyloidGross stainingLugols iodine Light microscopyH E, Congo redPolarised lightCongo redMetachromatic stainMethyl violet, crystal violetFluorescent stainThioflavin TNon specific stainPAS, Toludine blue. Aldan blueCaldumcalcificationVon kossa Alizarin Red SFor small quantitiesCalcein Tetracycline labellingBest for bone mineralizationConnective tissueVan Gieson stain Picric Add Acid FuchsinSimplest method of differential staining of Collagen and other Connective TissueTrichome stain Gomori trichrome stain, Lillies trichome Masson trichomeRed keratinmuscleBluegreen bone collagenPink cytoplasmCarcohydrate Glycogen, cellulose etcPeriodic acid-Schiff stainNon specific for glycogenDiastaseSpecific for glycogenBests carmine LipidSudan stainsSudan III, IV, Sudan Back-B, Oil Red 0Oil Red O largely replaced Sudan III and Sudan IVOil Red O is also used in a technique for staining latent fingerprintsOsmium tetra oxideAs a lipid stain, it is useful in scanning electron microscopy SEMLipofuscinSudan Black B MucinMuscarmineMost specific but less usefulPASMost sensitive, For neutral mucopolysaccharidesAlcian blue Bismark brownCan be used with live cellsColloidal iron Micro organismsFungiH EBluePASRedGomori methamine silverMost sensitiveMycobacteriumZ N stainmethodCarbol fuchsinAuramine Rhodamine stainMost sensitive, mixture of Auramine O and Rhodamine B, used in fluorescence microscopySpirochetesWarthin starry silver stain H PyloriWarthin starry silver stainGiemsa stainHE Pneumocystis Cryptococcus cocci diomycetesGomori methamine silver 