<prompt> A 50 kg patient has 40 burn of the body surface area. Calculate the ringer lactate solution to be given for first 8 hours of fluid:1 Litre2 Litres4 Litres8 Litres  <response>: PARKLAND FORMULA: Fluid required for 1st 24 hours: - 4ml x body weight in Kg x Percentage of BSAbody surface area - 4x50x40 8000ml 8L over 24 hrs. - 12 of fluid required is given in first 8hrs, Rest in the second half. -So 4L first 8hrs and 4L in second 16hrs 2ND day fluid requirement: - It is 40-60 of first day - So, on 2ndday: 4L New Updated ATLS Modification fluid Resuscitation Formula NOT updated in most textbooks BURN RESUSCITATION FLUID RATES AND TARGET URINE OUTPUT BY BURN TYPE AND AGE CATEGORY OF BURN AGE AND WEIGHT ADJUSTED FLUID RATES URINE OUTPUT Flame or Scald Adults and older children 14 years old 2 mL LR x kg x TBSA 0.5 mLkghr 30-50 mLhr Children 14 years old 3 mL LR x kg x TBSA 1 mLkghr Infants and young children 30 kg 3 mL LR x kg x TBSA Plus a sugar containing solution at maintenance rate 1 mLkghr Electrical injury All ages 4 mL LR x kg x TBSA until urine clears 1.15 mLkghr until urine clears LR, Lactated Ringers solution; TBSA, Total body surface area 