<prompt> A 14-year-old boy presents for a pre-summer camp physical examination. Routine urinalysis discloses 3 glucosuria. He admits to thirst and frequent urination, accompanied by a 4-kg 9-lb weight loss over past few months. His parents note that he had a flu-like illness 5 months ago. His blood glucose is 220 mgdL. Which of the following best explains the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia in this patient?Excess dietary glucoseIncreased peripheral insulin uptakeIrregular insulin secretionIslet cell destruction  <response>: Type 1 diabetes mellitus T1DM -Lifelong disorder of glucose homeostasis that results from autoimmune destruction of b-cells in islets of Langerhans. - Clinical onset coincides with another acute illness, such as febrile viral or bacterial infection. - Characterized by low or absent insulin secretion. - Most characteristic early finding in pancreas is lymphocytic infiltration in islets insulitis, - As disease becomes chronic, b-cells of islets are progressively depleted. 