<prompt> Thoracotomy is indicated in all of the following ExceptPenetrating chest traumaRappidly accumlating HemothoraxMassive air leakPulmonary contusion  <response>: Indications of thoracotomy after chest trauma Cardiac arrest resuscitative thoracotomy Massive hemothorax drainage of more than 1500 ml of blood when a chest tube is first inseed or continuous haemorrhage of more than 200 mlhr for more than 3 consecutive hours. Brisk bleeding 100 ml15 min Penetrating injuries of the anterior chest with cardiac tamponade. Large open wounds of the thoracic cage. Rupture of the bronchus, aoa, esophagus or diaphragm. A non-emergent indication of thoracotomy Empyema not resolved with tube thoracostomy Clotted hemothorax Lung abcess Thoracic duct injuries Tracheoesophageal fistulas Chronic sequelae of vascular injuries pseudo aneurysms AV fistulas 