<prompt> Most common cause of hematemesis in children is-Extra hepatic portal vein obstructionNon cirrhotic portal fibrosisVeno - occlusive diseaseCirrhosis  <response>: Ans. is a i.e., Extra hepatic portal vein obstruction Variceal bleeding is the most common cause of gastrointestinal bleedIhematemesis in children. Portal hypertension is the most common cause of esophageal variceal bleeding in children. In children extrahepatic portal hypertension non cirrhotic is more common than the intrahepatic or cirrhotic portal hypertension. Post sinusuoidal causes like Budd Chiari syndrome and veno occlusive disease are also observed but are less common. Three most common causes of portal hypertension in children in India -i Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction most commonii Cirrhosisiii Noncirrhotic portal fibrosis 