<prompt> Renal causes of acute renal failure in children include?Minimal change diseaseRenal amyloidosisPre-eclampsiaHemolytic uremic syndrome  <response>: Ans. is d i.e., Hemolytic uremic syndrome Acute renal failure o Acute renal failure ARF is a clinical syndrome in which a sudden deterioration in renal function results in the inability of the kidneys to maintain fluid and electrolyte hemostasis. o ARF has been classified into three categories ? 1 Pre-renal ARF Pre-renal azotemia Characterized by diminished effective circulatory volume, which leads to inadequate renal perfusion and a decreased GFR. There is no renal parenchymal damage. 2 Intrinsic renal ARF Characterized by renal parenchymal damage, including sustained hypoperfusion ischemia. 3 Postrenal ARF Characterized by obstruction of urinary tract. 