<prompt> Sites where HMP shunts can occur includeLiverLactating mammary glandTestesAll of these  <response>: HMP shunt occurs in the cytosol. It is highly active in liver, adipose tissue, adrenal cortex, lens, cornea, lactating but not the nonlactating mammary gland, gonads testis, ovary and erythrocytes. The activity of this pathway is minimal in muscle and brain, where almost all of the glucose is degraded by glycolysis. 