<prompt> Best method of estimation of amount of proteinuria in a child with nephrotic syndrome is -Dipstick testing24 hr urine for protein and creatinineSpot urine sample for protein creatinine ratioMicroalbuminuria  <response>: Ans. is b i.e., 24 hr urine for protein and creatinine Methods Available to Test for ProteinuriaMethodIndicationsNormal RangeCommentsDipstick testingRoutine screening for proteinuria performed in the officeNegative of trace in a concentrated urine specimen specific gravity: 1.020False-positive test can occur if urine is very alkaline pH 8.0 or very concentrated specific gravity: 1.02524hr urine for protein and creatinine excretionQuantitation of proteinuria as well as creatinine clearances100 mgm224hr or 150 mg24 hr in a documented 24 hr collectionMore accurate than spot urine analysis: inconvenient for patient; limited use in pediatric practice.Spot urine for protein creatinine ratio-preferably on first morning urine specimen.Semiquantitative assessment of proteinuria. 0.2 mg proteinmg creatinine in children 2yr old. 0.5 mg proteinmg creatinine in those 6-24 mo old.Simplest method to quantitate proteinuria: less accurate than measuring 24hr proteinuria.MicroalbuminuriaAssess risk of progressive glomerulopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus. 30mg urine albumin per gram of creatinine on first morning urine.Therapy should be intensified in diabetics with microablbuminuria. 