<prompt> Estrogen deficiency leads to: September 2005Postmenopausal bleedingDecreased risk of cardiovascular diseasesOsteoporosisDysmenorrhea  <response>: Ans. C: Osteoporosis Estrogen is cardioprotective in nature and hence deficiency of estrogen in postmenopausal phase increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Osteoporosis: The most impoant risk factors for osteoporosis are : Advanced age in both men and women and female sex; Estrogen deficiency following menopause is correlated with a rapid reduction in bone mineral density, while in men a decrease in testosterone levels has a comparable but less pronounced effect 