<prompt> Continuous murmur is seen in all the following except-Coarctation of AortaAortic sinus of valsalva ruptureAV malforniationsPeripheral pulmonary stenosis  <response>: A continuous murmur is predicated ona pressure gradient that persists betweentwo cardiac chambers or blood vesselsacross systole and diastole. The murmurstypically begin in systole, envelop thesecond heart sound S 2 , and continuethrough some portion of diastole. Theycan often be difficult to distinguish fromindividual systolic and diastolic murmursin patients with mixed valvular heart disease.The classic example of a continuousmurmur is that associated with a patentductus arteriosus, which usually is heardin the second or third interspace at a slightdistance from the sternal border. Othercauses of a continuous murmur includea ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysmwith creation of an aorticright atrialor right ventricular fistula, a coronaryor great vessel arteriovenous fistula, andan arteriovenous fistula constructed toprovide dialysis access. 