<prompt> A characteristic histologic feature of class IV lupus nephritis isHolly leaf mesangial depositsSpike and dome appearance of the basement membraneWire-loop appearance of the glomerular capillariesTram-track splitting of the basement membrane  <response>: The glomerular diseases of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus SLE are many and include mesangial lupus glomerulonephritis GN, focal or diffuse proliferative GN, and membranous GN. The World Health Organization WHO classifies SLE renal disease into five classes as follows: class I no changes; class II mesangial GN; class III focal proliferative GN; class IV diffuse proliferative GN the most common class; class V diffuse membranous GN. All of these glomerular diseases are the result of the deposition of immune complexes DNA-anti-DNA complexes that may be in a mesangial, intramembranous, subepithelial, or subendothelial location. In membranous lupus GN, the deposits are in a subepithelial location, while in diffuse proliferative lupus GN WHO class IV the deposits are mainly in a subendothelial location and produce a characteristic wire-loop appearance due to thickening of the capillary wall. None of these changes are specific for lupus In contrast to the wire-loop appearance of the glomerular capillaries with lupus nephritis, holly leaf mesangial deposits are seen with focal segmental GN IgA deposits suggests Berger disease, spike and dome appearance of the basement membrane is seen with membranous glomerulonephropathy, a string of popcorn immunofluorescence pattern is also seen with membranous glomerulonephropathy, and tram-track splitting of the basement membrane is seen with both types of membranoproliferative GN. Reference: Robbins Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9edition 