<prompt> E.coli is an impoant causative agent of pyelonephritis in man. The propey that helps the bacteria in this is most likely to be:-Adhesive propeyToxigenecityHaemolytic propeyPresence of capsule  <response>: Adhesive propey of E.coli helps the bacteria in this case. Option 1 Adhesins: E. coli organisms possess numerous highly specialized adhesins. These adhesins include: a CFA-I,II,III b Aggregative adherence fimbriae AAF I,II,III c Bundle-forming pili Bfp d Intimin e P pilibinds to P blood group antigens f Ipa invasion plasmid antigen protein g Dr fimbriae bind to Dr blood group antigens. All these adhesins facilitate firm adhesion of E. coli to the gastrointestinal or urinary tract mucosa, thereby preventing the bacteria being eliminated by the flushing action of voided urine or intestinal motility. Option 2 Enterotoxins are impoant virulent factors of diarrhogenic E. coli. Three distinct types of E. coli enterotoxins include : a Shiga toxins Stx-1, Stx-2 b heat-stable toxins STa and STb c heat labilet oxins LT-I and LT-II. Option 3 Hemolysins are considered impoant in the pathogenesis of disease caused by uropathogenic strains of E. coli. Option 4 Hydrophilic capsular K antigens protect E. coli from phagocytosis, which repel the hydrophobic phagocytic cell surface. The capsular antigens interfere with the binding of antibodies to the bacteria. 