<prompt> In HIV, gp120, envelope glycoproteins bind specifically to?CD8 T-cellsCD4 T-cellsB-cellsNK cells  <response>: Ans. b CD4 T-cells. Ref. Textbook of Microbiology by Ananthnarayan, 7th586 Genome of HIV contains 3 structural genes - gag, pol and env. Gag determines core and shell of virus, expressed as P55. Env determines synthesis of envelope glycoprotein gp 160, which is cleaved into 2 envelope components - gpl20 which forms surface spines and gp4. gp 120 is major envelope ag and ab to gp are present in circulation till terminal stage of infection. Pol gene codes for polymerase reverse transcriptase.Educational table: MicroorganismType of Microbial ligandHost receptor1Viral PathogensHemagglutininSialic acid2Influenza virusHemagglutininCD46moesin3Measles virusHemagglutininSignalling lymphocytic activation molecule SLAM4Human herpes virus type 6?CD465Herpes simplex virusGlycoprotein CHeparin sulphate6HIVSurface glycoproteinCD4 and chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR47Epstein - Barr virusEnvelope proteinCD21 CR28AdenovirusFiber proteinCoxsackie-adenovirus receptor CAR9CoxsackievirusFiber proteinCAR and major histocompatibility class 1 antigensBacterial pathogens1Neisseria speciesPiliMembrane cofactor protein CD462Pseudomonas aeruginosaPili and flagellaLipopolysaccharideAsialo-GMICystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatorCFTR3Escherichia coliPiliCeramides mannose and digalactosyl residues4Yersinia spp.Invasinaccessory invasinB1 Integrins locus5Bordetella pertusisFilamentous hemagglutininCR36Legionella pneumophilaAbsorbedC3bi CR37Mycobacterium tuberculosisAbsorbed C3biCR3Fungal pathogens1Blastomyces dermatiridisWI-lPossibly matrix proteins and integrins2Candida albicansInt1pExtracellular matrix proteinsProtozoal pathogens1Plasmodium vivaxMerozoite formDuffy Fy antigen2Plasmadium falciparumEBA-175Glycophorin A3Entamoeba histolyticaSurface lectinN-acetylglucosamine 