<prompt> Sarcoidosis is characterized byAsteroid bodiesSchaumann bodiesNon-caseating granulomasAll of the above  <response>: Ans. d All of the above Ref. Harrisons Internal Medicine 17th ed., Chapter 322 Asteroid bodies Schaumann bodies esidual bodiesare characteristic pathologic features of sarcoidosis not pathognomonic though.SARCOIDOSIS characterized by immune-mediated, widespread noncaseating granulomas and elevated serum ACE levels. Common in black females. Often asymptomatic except for enlarged lymph nodes. Incidental findings on CXR of bilateral hilar adenopathy andor reticular opacities. Associated with restrictive lung disease interstitial fibrosis, erythema nodosum, lupus pernio, Bell palsy, epithelioid granulomas containing microscopic Schaumann and asteroid bodies, uveitis, and hypercalcemia due tola-hydroxylase-mediated vitamin D activation in macrophages. HLA haplotypes such as HLA-DRB11101 are associated with an risk for developing sarcoidosis. A positive gallium scan can support the diagnosis if activity is noted in the parotids and lacrimal glands Panda sign or in the right paratracheal and left hilar area lambda sign. CD4CD8 ratio of these lymphocytes in the BAL fluid. A ratio of 3.5 is strongly supportive of sarcoidosis. The Kviem-Siltzbach procedure is a specific diagnostic test for sarcoidosis. Treatment: steroids, Hydroxychloroquine, Methotrexate, Azathioprine, Infliximab. 