<prompt> The mechanism by which smoking accelerates vascular injury is?Retention of sodiumIncreased aldosterone productionPromoting endothelial dysfunctionIncreasing plasma catecholamines  <response>: Smoking impacts on and potentiates the mechanisms at three separate stages of the development of vascular disease atherosclerosis:1 Endothelial dysfunction2 Monocyte recruitment and development of the plaque3 Thrombosis at the damaged vessel wallRef: The Nature Of Disease: Pathology For The Health Professions, By Thomas H. McConnell, Page 279 