<prompt> A 32-year-old woman had abdominal surgery, after which she complains about difficulty in urination. Cholinomimetic stimulation with bethanechol or neostigmine is beneficial in relieving post-operative urinary retention. Neostigmine and bethanechol in moderate doses are likely to have different effect on?Vascular endotheliumSalivary glandsUreteral toneGastric secretory cells  <response>: Because neostigmine acts on the cholinesterase enzyme, which is situated at all cholinergic synapses, neostigmine increases acetylcholine effects at nicotinic and muscarinic junctions. Bethanechol is a directly acting drug that activates muscarinic receptors whether the nerve supply is present or not. The muscarinic receptors on vascular endothelial cells are not innervated and respond only to direct-acting drugs. 