<prompt> Most common Bacteria causing UTI in sexually active young women?Staph, saprophyticusStaph, aureusStaph, epidermidisStaph, citrus  <response>: Ans. a Staph, saprophyticus, Ref. Microbiology by Ananthnarayan, 7thl 86 Harrison 17th ed. Table 282-1COAGULASE NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI Staph, epidermidis - Stitch abscess, implanted foreign body infection, cystitis, endocarditis in drug addicts. Staph, saprophyticus - UTI urinary tract infection in sexually active young women.- Treat with Nalidixic acid.ConditionCharacteristic PathogensMitigating CircumstancesRecommended Empirical treatmentAcute uncomplicated cystitis in womenEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis,Klebsiella pneumoniaeNoneDiabetes, symptoms for 7d, recent UTI, use of diaphragm, age 65 years Pregnancy3-Day regimens: oral TMP-SMX, TMP quinolone; 7-day regimen: macrocrystalline nitrofurantoinConsider 7-day regimen: oral TMP-SMX, TMP, quinolone consider 7-day regimen: oral amoxicillin, macrocrystalline nitrofurantion, cefpodoxime proxetil, of TMP-SMXAcute uncomplicated pyelonephritis in womenE. coli, P. mirabilis, S. saprophyticusMild to moderate illness, no nausea or vomiting; out patient therapySevere illness or possible urosepsis: hospitalization requiredOral quinolone for 7-14 d initial dose gisven IV if desired; or single-dose cefriaxone 1 g or gentamicin 3-5 mgkg IV followed by oral TMP SMX for 14 dParenteral quinolone, gentamicin ampicillin, cefriaxone, or aztreonam until defervescence; then oral quinolone, cephalosporin, or TMP-SMX for 14 dComplicated UTI in men and womenE.coli, proteus, klebsiella, Pseudomonas, serraria, enterococci, staphylococciMild to moderate illness, no nausea or vomiting: out patient therapyOral quinolone for 10-14 dSevere illness or possible urosepsis: hospitalization requiredParenteral ampicillin and gentamicin, quinolone, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, ticarcillinclavulanate, or imipenem cilastatin until defervescence; then oral qinolone or TMP-SMX for 10-21 dAlso remember:Features distinguishing the major species of StaphylococciCharacteristicsS. AureusS. epidermidisS. saprophyticusCoagulase--Novobiocin sensitivitySSRAcid from mannitol anaerobically---Phosphatase. 