<prompt> Goitre is prevalent in high altitudes- is an example of:Direct associationTemporal associationIndirect associationSpurious association  <response>: The indirect association is an association between a characteristic or variable of interest and a disease due to the presence of another factor, known or unknown that is common to both the characteristic and the disease. This common factor is also known as the confounding variable. In the above example iodine deficiency is the confounding variable. High altitude Iodine deficiency Goitre prevalence Ref: Park 21st edition, page 85. 