<prompt> Animal and clinical studies have shown that administration of lactated Ringers solution to patients with hypovolemic shock mayIncrease serum lactate concentrationImpair liver functionImprove hemodynamics by alleviating the deficit in the interstitial fluid compartmentIncrease metabolic acidosis  <response>: Infusion of lactated Ringers solution is an effective immediate step, both clinically and experimentally, in managing hypovolemic shock. Use of this balanced salt solution helps correct the fluid deficit in the extracellular, extravascular compartment resulting from hypovolemic shock. This procedure may decrease requirements for whole blood in patients with hemorrhagic shock. If blood loss has been minimal and is controlled, whole blood transfusion may be avoided entirely. The theoretical objection to infusion of lactated Ringers solution is that it will increase lactate levels and compound the problem of lactic acidosis. This has not been borne out in animal or clinical studies. Along with the hemodynamic improvement that follows volume restitution, liver function improves, lactate metabolism is improved, excess lactate levels drop, and metabolic acidosis improves. 