<prompt> Best advice to be given to a patient of newly diagnosed type 2 DM is:Limit intake of carbohydratesFollow consistent calorie diet intake.ExerciseIntake of less than 20 of saturated fat  <response>: Ref: Harrison s Principles of Internal Medicine, 18ed.Explanation:The patient with type 1 or type 2 DM should receive education about nutrition, exercise, care of diabetes during illness, and medications to lower the plasma glucoseExerciseIt has multiple positive benefits including:Cardiovascular risk reductionReduced blood pressureMaintenance of muscle massReduction in body fatWeight lossLowering plasma glucose during and following exerciseIncreasing insulin sensitivity.In patients with diabetes, the ADA recommends 150 minAveek distributed over at least 3 days of moderate aerobic physical activity.The exercise regimen should also include resistance training.To avoid exercise-related hyper- or hypoglycemia. individuals with type 1 DM should:Monitor blood glucose before, during, and after exerciseDelay exercise if blotxl glucose is 14 mmoiL 250 mgdL and ketones are presentIf the blood glucose is 5.6 mmolL 100 mg dL. ingest carbohydrate before exercisingMonitor glucose during exercise and ingest carbohydrate to prevent hypoglycemiaDecrease insulin doses based on previous experience before exercise and inject insulin into a non-exercising areaLearn individual glucose responses to different types of exercise and increase food intake for up to 24 h after exercise, depending on intensity and duration of exercise.In individuals with type 2 DM. exercise-related hypoglycemia is less common but can occur in individuals taking either insulin or insulin secretagogues.Untreated proliferative retinopathy is a relative contraindication to vigorous exercise, as this may lead to vitreous hemorrhage or retinal detachmentNutritional Recommendations for Adults with DiabetesWeight loss diet in prediabetes and type 2 DMHypocaloric diet that is low-fat or low-carbohydrateFat in dietMinimal trans fat consumptionCarbohydrate in dietMonitor carbohydrate intake in regards to caloriesSucrose-containing foods may be consumed with adjustments in insulin doseAmount of carbohydrate determined by estimating grams of carbohydrate in diet for type 1 DMGlycemic index reflects how consumption of a particular food affects the blood glucoseProtein in diet: as part of an optimal dietOther componentsNonnutrient sweetenersRoutine supplements of vitamins, antioxidants, or trace elements not advised 