<prompt> All of the following are recognized effects of combined oral contraceptives exceptBreakthrough bleedingDecreased risk of endometrial cancerIncreased risk of ischemic strokeIncreased risk of colon cancer  <response>: Adverse effects of OCP- breakthrough bleeding, coronary and cerebral thrombosis resulting in MI or stroke, increased incidence of genital carcinoma-like vaginal, cervical, breast cancers. It has a protective effect against endometrial carcinoma due to progesterone Ref.Essentials of medical pharmacology TD Tripathi 7th edition page no.325,326 