<prompt> Which of the following is not an etiological vector for head and neck malignancies?EBV infectionHPV infectionBetel nutVitamin A deficiency  <response>: Ans. d Vitamin A deficiency stylefont-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serifRef: Major etiological factor: HPV-16 and Tobacco exposure. 75 of head and neck cancers are caused by tobacco and alcohol use. HPV type 16: risk factor for oropharyngeal cancers that involve the tonsils or the base of the tongue. Paan betel quid: most common risk factors among south Asian. EBV is a risk factor for nasopharyngeal and salivary glands cancer. Preserved or salted foods: Salted foods during childhood are a risk factor for nasopharyngeal cancer. Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma HNSCC. 