<prompt> In a survey, many children are examined and were found to have urogenital abnormalities. Which congenital anomaly is associated with an increased risk of bladder carcinoma?Medullary sponge kidneyBladder exstrophyUnilateral renal agenesisDouble ureter  <response>: Congenital anomalies associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer are:patent urachusexstrophy bladderBoth increase the risk for adenocarcinoma. 