<prompt> Dietary Reference Intake recommendations include all exceptRecommended Dietary AllowancesAdequate IntakeUpper tolerable levelFood based dietary advice  <response>: Food based dietary advice Ref Goodman Gilman 10c 1745, 1746 The Dietary Reference Intake or DRI is a system of nutrition recommendations from the Institute of Medicine IOM of the US National Academy of Sciences. In the past, Recommended Dietary Allowances RDAs were the benchmark measures used for assessing nutrient intake. However, with advances in the scientific knowledge regarding the roles of nutrients in human health, the Institute of Medicine TOM developed a new set of dietary reference standards--Dietary Reference Intakes DRIs--to replace and expand the RDAs. Its applications include: Composition of diets for schools, prisons, hospitals or nursing homes. Industries developing new food stuffs. Healthcare policy makers and public health officials. The current Dietary Reference Intake recommendation is composed of: Estimated Average Requirements EAR, expected to satisfy the needs of 50 of the people in that age group. Recommended Dietary Allowances RDA, the daily dietary intake level of a nutrient considered sufficient to meet the requirements of nearly all 97-98 healthy individuals in each life-stage and gender group. Adequate Intake AI, where no RDA has been established, but the amount established is somewhat less firmly believed to be adequate for everyone in the demographic group. Tolerable upper intake levels UL, to caution against excessive intake of nutrients like vitamin D that can be harmful in large amounts. 