<prompt> Late expanding phase of demographic cycle is characterized by?Birth rate high, Death rate fallsDecrease in both birth death rateBirth rate lower than death rateBoth birth rate and death rate are low  <response>: ANSWER: B Decrease in both birth death rateREF: Park 22nd ed page 441APPENDIX-47 below for DEMOGRAPHIC CYCLERepeat Community Medicine 2013 Session 1 APPENDIX - 47Demographic Cycle: High stationary stageEarly expanding stageLate expanding stageLow stationary stageDecliningBirth rate highBirth rate high remains unchangedBirth rate begins to fallBirth rate lowBirth rate lower than death rateDeath rate highDeath rate fallingDeath rate falling dedines furtherDeath rate low Population growth slowPopulationincreasingPopulation increasing, but less rapidlyPopulation stable Total Fertility Rate2.5Population growth negative sub-replacement fertility 2.1India till 1920.pre-industrial societyAfghanistan, Palestinian, Bhutan, Laos, Sub-Saharan Africa except south Africadeveloping countries India, south Africa, Asia except chinaIndustrialized nations Europe,USA, Canada, China, Singapore, Australia, New-Zealand , Brazil, South Korea, Turkey, MauritiusGermany, Hungary, RussiaPark has wrongly placed china and Singapore in late expanding. They are now low stationary updates from WikipediaTheoretically, when the TFR 2, each pair of parents just replaces itself. Actually it takes a TFR of 2.1 or 2.2 to replace each generation -- this number is called the replacement rate -- because some children will die before they grow up to have their own two children. 