<prompt> Which among the following is not a predisposing factor for hepatocellular carcinoma?Hepatitis BFemalesHepatitis CAfla toxins  <response>: Ans: b Females Ref: Robbins, 7th ed, p. 924; Harrison, 16th ed, p. 535; Sabiston, 17th ed, p. 1548Hepatocellular Ca is more common in males about 4 times. Other 3 options are definitely predisposing factors for HCCHepatocellular CaMore common in males60 - 90 asso.with cirrhosis liverRisk Factors;1. Hepatitis B C2. Alcoholic liver disease3. Food contamination Aflatoxins4. Tyrosinaemia5. Hereditary hemochromatosis6. Liver diseases like primary biliary cirrhosis, a 1 antitrypsin deficiency.Fibrolamellar carcinomaFibrolamellar carcinoma is a variant of HCC, with better prognosis. It is more common in young females equal incidence according to Robbins and is a grossly scirrhous tumour with fibrous bands coursing through it.Tumour markers - Neurotensin B, vitamin B12 binding capacityNo association with HBV infection or cirrhosis 