<prompt> Hiatus hernia is treated by-a Surgery when medical treatment has failedb Nissens fundoplicationc Medical treatment onlyd None of the aboveacabadbc  <response>: Greater than 95 of HHs is type I or sliding hernias Of all PEHs, type III is the most common PEHs are more common in females and have an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. MC structure to herniate is the fundus of the stomach; other structures that may be located in the hernia sac include the spleen, colon, and omentum Type IV PEH has a higher incidence of serious results, with 50 of patients presenting emergently.Clinical Features Most common preoperative symptom and finding is the typical heatburn Others are chest pain, epigastric pain, dysphagia, postprandial fullness, regurgitation, vomiting, weight loss, anemia, and respiratory symptoms. Hematemesis or anemia is evident in about a third of patients with PEH.Diagnosis Barium swallow is the most important diagnostic test. Endoscopy helps to identify mucosal erosions as a source of gastrointestinal blood loss. Manometry is needed to determine the motor function of the esophageal body.Treatment Surgical approach: Transabdominal laparoscopic or open or transthoracic. Transabdominal laparoscopic approach for HH repair is preferredCameron Ulcer or Riding Ulcer Bleeding can be caused by ischemia of the gastric mucosa or by riding ulcers or Camerons ulcers. Camerons ulcers are due to the constant abrasive force as the stomach rubs against or is pinched by the diaphragmatic hiatus. The continuous movement of the stomach and esophagus as they travel up and down with respiration and swallowing compounds the problem. Anemia from a PEH resolves in 92 of patients after surgical repair. 