<prompt> A 5-day-old child presents with intractable seizures. He had rashes all over the body. Blood examination showed hyperammonemia and lactic acidosis. The probable diagnosis isOrganic aciduriaMitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic aciduriaPhenylketonuriaUrea cycle enzyme deficiency  <response>: Organic aciduria organic acidemiaOrganic aciduria is a term used to classify a group of metabolic disorders which disrupt normal amino acid metabolism, particularly branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, leucine, valise causing a build of acids which are usually not present.The main types of organic acidemia are : -i Methylnzalonic acidemia ii Propionic acidenzia iii Isoavleric acidemiaiv Maple syrup urine diseasevi Giutaric acidemia v Combined multiple carboxylase deficiencyClinical manifestationsNeurological damage Mental retardation, Seizures, Lethargy, Vomiting.Developmental delay Hypoglycemia Ketoacidosis Malnutrition Hypotonia Hyperammonemia Poor feeding and slow growth Metabolic acidosis Lactic acidosis Rash, alopecia and ataxia in some organic aciduria. Mitochondrial encephalopathy MELASEncephalopathyLactic acidosisStroke-like episodes Blindness, paralysis, vomiting.Disorders of the urea cycleAmmonia is mostly derived from the catabolism of amino acid and is converted to an amino group in urea by enzymes of the urea cycle.So, defects in enzymes of urea cycle cause i Hyperammonemia ii Encephalopathy iii Vomiting 