<prompt> A female neonate is noted at birth to have a gross deformity of her lower back. Examination of the subcutaneous lesion reveals disorganized neural tissue with entrapment of nerve roots. What is the appropriate diagnosis?MeningoceleMeningomyeloceleRachischisisSpina bifida occulta  <response>: Neural tube defects dysraphic anomalies reflect impaired closure of the dorsal aspect of the vertebral column. These abnormalities are classified according the extent of the defect, ranging in severity from spina bifida occulta to meningocele, meningomyelocele, and rachischisis. Spina bifida choice D is restricted to the vertebral arches and is usually asymptomatic. Meningocele choice A permits protrusion of the meninges as a fluid-filled sac. Meningomyelocele choice B exposes the spinal canal and causes the nerve roots to be entrapped. Rachischisis choice C is an extreme defect, often without a recognizable spinal cord. Syringomyelia choice E is a congenital malformation, in which a tubular cavitation syrinx extends for variable distances along the entire length of the spinal cord.Diagnosis: Neural tube defect, meningomyelocele 