<prompt> Pivot shift test is positive withAnterior cruciate ligament tearPosterior cruciate ligament tearMedial meniscus injuryLateral meniscus injury  <response>: Ans. a Anterior cruciate ligament tear Ref. Adams orthopedics 11thpg, 315-325Knee Joint Injuries1Normal range of motion Flexion: 135 degrees Extension: 0 to 10 degrees above horizontal plane2Patellar apprehension test Evaluates for patella subluxation3Anterior cruciate ligament ACL stability tests Lachman test most sensitive - done with the knee flexed at 20deg. Anterior drawer test- done with the knee flexed at 20deg. Pivot shift test Macintosh Test4Posterior Cruciate Ligament PCL Tests Knee posterior drawer test PCL sulcus test PCL sag test5Collateral ligament evaluation Knee valgus stress test Medial collateral ligament Knee varus stress test Lateral collateral ligament6Meniscus evaluation McMurrays test Apleys compression test and apleys distraction test Bounce Test7Pivot test Patient lies in lateral decubitus position, Affected knee extended, affected tibia internally rotated, and examiner applies valgus stress to knee push from lateral side and tries to flex knee, If clunk felt at 30 degrees knee flexion, the test is said positive test for ACL rupture. 