<prompt> Causes of high anion-gap metabolic acidosis include the following EXCEPTDiarrheaStarvationDiabetic ketoacidosisSalicylate poisoning  <response>: Ans. a Diarrhea Ref. H - 18thpg. ch. 47ANION GAP The anion gap may be calculated by using sodium potassium - bicarbonate chloride Normal 10-12 mmolL Causes of a normal anion gap or hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis- Gastrointestinal bicarbonate loss: diarrhea, ureterosigmoidostomy, fistula- Renal tubular acidosis- Drugs: e.g., acetazolamide- Ammonium chloride injection- Addisons disease Causes of a raised anion gap metabolic acidosis- Lactate: shock, hypoxia- Ketones: diabetic ketoacidosis, alcohol- Urate: renal failure- Acid poisoning: salicylates, methanolAlso know:Ethylene glycol, methanol, and isopropyl alcohol - all cause an elevated osmolal gap, but only the first two cause a high- AG acidosis. 