<prompt> Neurogenic shock is characterized by:Hypertension and tachycardiaHypertension and bradycardiaHypotension and tachycardiaHypotension and bradycardia  <response>: Ans. d. Hypotension and bradycardia Ref: Harrison 19e p1750, 18e p2222. 2219Neurogenic shock is characterized by hypotension and bradycardia.Neurogenic shock: In addition to arteriolar dilation, venodilation causes pooling in the venous system, which decreases venous return and cardiac output. Harrison 18e p2222, 2219Neurogenic ShockInterruption of sympathetic vasomotor input after a high cervical spinal cord injury, inadvertent cephalad migration of spinal anesthesia, or devastating head injury may result in neurogenic shock.In addition to arteriolar dilation, venodilation causes pooling in the venous system, which decreases venous return and cardiac outputQ.The extremities are often warm, in contrast to the usual sympathetic vasoconstriction-induced coolness in hypovolemic or cardiogenic shockQ.Treatment:Treatment involves a simultaneous approach to the relative hypovolemia and to the loss of vasomotor tone.Excessive volumes of fluid may be required to restore normal hemodynamics if given alone.Once hemorrhage has been ruled out, norepinephrine or a pure alpha-adrenergic agent phenylephrine may be necessaryPhysiologic Characteristics of the Various Forms of ShockType of ShockCVP and PCWPCardiac OutputSVRVenous O2 SaturationHypovolemic CardiogenicSeptic HyperdynamicHypodynamicTraumaticNeurogenicHypoadrenal 