<prompt> In children with type I DM when is ophthalmologic evaluation indicated -At the time of diagnosisAfter 1 yearAfter 2 yearsAfter 5 years  <response>: Ans. is d i.e., After 5 years o In IDDM, initial retinal examination should be done 5 yrs after the onset of disease as the sight threatening retinopathy usually does not appear in the first 5 yrs thereafter, these should be screened annualy by retina expes. o For NIDDM, initial examination should be done right from the time of diagnosis, because upto 21 patients have retinopathy at the time of diagnosis thereafter annually. o Diabetic women who become pregnant, should have dilated eye examination in the first trimester close follow up throughout the pregnancy. 