<prompt> Xerophthalmia is caused by -a Vit C deficiencyb Small bowel resectionc Cystic fibrosisd Chronic alcoholisme Glomerulonephritisabcacdbcdbd  <response>: Xerophthalmia The term xerophthalmia is now reserved by a joint WHO and USAID Committee, 1976 to cover all ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency, including not only the structral changes affecting the conjunctiva, cornea and occasionally retina, but also the biophysical disorders of retinal rods and cones functions.It occurs either due to dietary deficiency of vitamin A or its defective absorption from the gut. It has long been recognized that vitamin A deficiency does not occur as an isolated problem but is almost invariably accompained by protein-energy malnutrition PEM and infections.Important causes of xerophthahmia VitA deficiencyFat malabsorption due to any case e.g. small bowel resection, cystic fibrosisInfection measlesDiarrhoeaMalnutrition due to any cause :- chronic alcoholismPEM 