<prompt> Which of the following will cause lathyrism?Kesari dhalMung dhalJhunjunia seedsGondhli seeds  <response>: Ans: a Kesari dhal Ref: Park, 19th ed, p. 512, 524Kesari dhal consumption leads to lathyrism.Toxic principle in kesari dhal is beta oxalyl amino alanine BOAA.Diet containing over 30 of this dhal if taken over a period of 2-6 month will result in eurolathyrism.The disease mainly affects young males and manifests itself in stages.Interventions:Vitamin C prophylaxisBanning the cropRemoval of toxin - steeping method and parboilingEducationGenetic approachEndemic ascites - Panicum miliare Gondhli which gets contaminated with the seeds of crotalaria Jhunjhunia, which contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids which are hepatotoxic.Epidemic dropsy - Due to ingestion of mustard oil contaminated with argemone oil which contains sanguinarine.Clinical features of epidemic dropsy include: Swelling of legs Diarrhoea Cardiac failure Glaucoma.The toxic substance interferes with the metabolism of pyruvic acid leading to its accumulation. 