<prompt> Continuous epidural anaesthesia is used for:Post operative analgesiaExtending time of surgeryGeneral anaesthesiaIn children  <response>: 279. Ans: a Post operative analgesia Ref: Ajay Yadav, p. 124Continuous epidural anesthesia is used for post operative analgesiaEpidural anaesthesia or extradural anaesthesia or peridural blockIndications Mainly used for controlling post operative pain All surgeries which can be performed under spinal anaesthesia plus upper abdominal surgeries, thoracic surgeries and even neck surgeries can be performed For painless labour To control chronic pain due to cancer and other chronic painful conditions Acute occlusive vascular conditions Blood patch for post spinal headacheNote:Needle most commonly used - Touhy needleDurran sign - in unconscious patients rapid induction of drug in epidural space causes increase in rate and depth of respiration.Level of block required for common surgeriesCesarian section-upto T6Prostate-upto T 10Testicular surgeries-upto 110Hernia-upto T 10Appendix-upto T 8Hysterectomy-upto T 6Perianal surgeries-sacral segmentsStructures encountered while giving spinal anaesthesia7 structures1 Skin2 Subcutaneous tissue3 Supraspinous ligament- connecting the tips of spinous process4 Inter spinous ligament - joins the spinous processes together5 Ligamentum flavum - running from lamina to lamina6 Dura7 Arachnoid 