<prompt> Most common presentation in congenital rubella syndrome is-Salt and pepper retinopathyLow birth weightNerve deafnessPatent ductus arteriosus  <response>: C Nerve deafness 1076-77 Nelson 19th Nerve deafness is the single most common finding among infants with congenital rubella syndrome CPS Salt and pepper retinopathy are the most common ocular abnormality but have little early effect on vision. Patent ductus arteriosis is the most frequently reported cardiac defect. Classical Triad - cataract, deafness and CHDCongenital Rubella Syndrome German measles or 3 day measles The risk of congenital defects has been estimated at 90 for maternal infection before 11 week of gestations, 33 at 11-12 week, 11 at 13 - 14 week and 24 15-16 weeks. In children, the 1st manifestation of rubella is usually the rash begins on the face and neck, oropharynx may reveal tiny, rose-coloured lesions Forchheimer spots or petechial hemorrhages on the soft palate Duration of the rash is generally 3 days Complications:i Thrombocytopenia - epistaxis, GI bleeding and hematuria.ii Arthritis - RAiii Encephalitis - most seriousiv Progressive rubella panencephalitis PRPOther neurologic syndromes rarely G.B. syndrome and peripheral neuritis.v Myocarditis is a rare complication. Vaccination - MMR RA - 273 in two dose regimen at 12 - 15 month and 4-6 years of age. Vaccine should not be administered to severely immuno compromised patients eg transplant recepients HIV infection. Vaccine should not be administered during pregnancy. Rubella vaccine is given 1-14 years of age to intercept transmission Presence of IgM antibody is diagnostic.Congenital Varicella Syndrome: Occurs due to mothers infection maternal varicella zoster during 1st half of pregnancy before 20 weeks. Manifestations of congenital varicella syndrome include:i. IUGR and LBWii. Cicatrising skin lesions Cicatrixiii. Limb hypoplasiaiv. Brain abnormalities - Microcephaly, cortical atrophy, dilated ventricles ventriculomegalyv. Eye-abnormalities - choriretiritis, micro ophthalmia, pendular nystagmus. 