<prompt> Left ventricular LV pressure-volume loop is shown below. During exercise within physiological limits, what is the effect on end-systolic volume?ESV decreasesESV increasesESV remains unchangedESV first decreases then increases  <response>: - There is increased sympathetic discharge that has a positive inotropic effect on the hea. - LV contractility increases, ejecting a greater stroke volume SV. - Hence, there is decrease in ESV, as shown in the image. 