<prompt> In a patient who has diarrhoea and vomiting with inadequate water intake is suffering from-Intracellular dehydration with hypernatremiaIntracellular dehydration with hyponatremiaExtracellular dehydration with hyponatremiaExtracellular dehydration with hypernatremia  <response>: Ans. is c i.e., Extracellular dehydration with hyponatremia o Extracellular fluid consists of Interstitial intercellular fluid Circulating blood Intestinal fluids and secretions o Intracellular fluid consists of fluid present within the cells. o Loss of fluid in diarrhoea and vomiting comes from extracellular fluid. Therefore there is shrinkage or reduction in the volume of extracellular fluid. o Diarrhoea and vomiting both cause loss of Na rich fluid therefore there is decline in the serum sodium level hyponatremia. o This causes fall in osmolality of ECF leading to shifting of fluid from ECF to ICF causing fuher decrease in ECF volume. 