<prompt> All are risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications except ?ASA class 3 and 4 patientsLonger surgeries 2 hrUpper Abdominal surgeryAge 60 years  <response>: Risk factor for postoperative pulmonary complications: Patients 60 years of age COPD Markedly reduced exercise tolerance and functional dependence Hea failure ASA class 3 and 4 Cigarette smoking Longer surgeries 4 h, Ceain types of surgery Abdominal Thoracic Aoic aneurysm Head and neck Emergency surgery GA compared with cases in which GA was not used. 