<prompt> Child with erythematous non blanching bosselated lesion on right side of face, Rx is:Erbium laserNd-YAG laserFlash light pumped dye laserQ ruby laser  <response>: C i.e. Flash light pumped dye laser Flash lamp pumped - pulsed tuneable dye lasers PDLQ is the intervention of choice for uncomplicated porwine stains PWS or capillary malformations CM. 1st generation PDLs operated at 577 or 585nm and achieve lightening by reducing number and size of erythrocytes in vessels by selective photothermolysis as oxyhemoglobin has absorption peak at 577542 and 418nm. Flash lamp-pumped PDL uses a high-power Xenon flashlamp to excite rhodamineorganic dye to produce a pulse of yellow light that is absorbed by oxyhemoglobin. Pulsed lasers allowed for more precise targeting of oxyhemoglobin containing vessels with less thermal and mechanical injury of surrounding tissue. Because of emission of continuous thermal energy 1t scarring and pigmentary alteration, the use of early lasers such as argon laser 488514nm, argon pumped tunable laser 488 to 638nm, copper and bromide laser 578nm, potassium -titanyl-phosphate KTP laser 532 nm and krypton laser 568nm is limited. 585nm sho pulse PDL is probably optimal for treating paediatric PWS because vessel diameters are relatively small. Success rate is 50-90; the size of vessels, its depth and density will influence the response. Factors oring a good response to PDL are presence of more superficially located vessels, flat and redscarlet as opposed to pink and purple PWS on head and neck a compared to other body sites, as well as youth. Although peripheral facial lesions respond better than midline-centrofacial or cheeks. Side effects of PDL are few and includes bruising in all cases, pain, swelling, crusting bleeding, pyogenic granuloma, both hypo and hyper-pigmentation, pial re-emergence and redarkening. 2nd generation PDLs, emit light with a longer wave length of 595nm absorption of which by Hb02 is 5 times lower, longer pulse width, higher flUences with addition of cooling system. This may be suitable for deeper, bigger vessels in resistant or adult PWS. In PDL resistant capillary malformations KTP laser may produce extra lightening. Hyperophic and PDL resistant PWS are sometimes treated with near infrared lasers such as alexandrite 755nm and Nd: YAG 1064nm laser, multiple pass irradiation with two PDL passes:1st at 590-600nm and 2nd at 585nm, and intense pulsed light e.g. photoderm or combined pulsed dye Nd:YAG laser. Other possibilities under investigation include electro-optical synergy and vaccum assisted laser treatment. Adult patients in whom progressive vascular ectasia has resulted in very exophytic lesions are probably best treated with CO2 laser. 