<prompt> Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder is associated with -SchistosomiasisNaphthylamineSmokingAll  <response>: Ans a Schistosomiasis; b Naphthylamine ; c Smoking Risk factors for Transitional cell ca of Bladder 1 Cigarette smoking - is the main etiological factor and accounts for about 50 of bladder cancers. 2 Occupational exposures to chemicals the following compounds may be carcinogenic - 2 naphthylamine - combustion gases and soot from coal - 4-aminobiphenyl - chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons - 4-nitrobiphenyl - ceain aldehydes such as acrolein - 4-4-diaminobiphenyl benzidine - aniline dyes - 2-ami-1 -naphthol Occupation repoed to be associated with increased risk of bladder cancer - autoworkers - metal workers - painters - textile worker - truck drivers - dye workers drill press operator - petrol workers leather workers rodent exterminators sevage workers 3 Schistosoma haemotobium - its a risk factor for both transitional cell ca squamous cell ca. 4 Drugs such as phenacetin chlornaphazine 5 Cyclophosphamide therapy 6 Pelvic irradiation Vitamin A supplements appear to be protective. 