 Benefits to participants andor society. Direct benefits to participants include psychological and pharmacologic assistance for decreasing illicit drug use. The methadone administered during the study will decrease the participants intravenous opiate use. The contingency management and psychotherapy procedures may further reduce drug use and HIV risk behaviors. The decrease in HIV risk behaviors should result in lower incidence of HIV disease. Benefits to society include an increase in scientific understanding of the precipitants and process of craving, lapse, and relapse, and an improvement in our ability to assess the clinical effectiveness of relapse-prevention medications in future clinical trials. 