 After years of research efforts it became evident that inadequate global blood flow to the brain is relatively uncommon and cerebral hemorrhage is a rare cause of brain damage during cardiac operations. It also became evident that one of the most important damage mechanisms is embolization to the brain and the inflammatory response which amplifies the ischemic embolic damage. Looking for possible embolic sources by monitoring embolic signals HITS on the transcranial doppler TCD tracings, researchers found that manipulation of the aorta during cardiac surgery, like cannulation and especially clamping is a major source of emboli. Using the side biting clamp while performing proximal anastomosis has the potential to crush the aortic wall and release macro and micro emboli especially when the aorta is atherosclerotic. Using a single cross clamp technique might eliminate the aortic wall solid debris but introduce air emboli instead. 