 In an animal model of Dahl salt sensitive rats treated with active vitamin D for 6 weeks, Thadhanis group demonstrated a reduction in heart weight, LVM, posterior wall thickness and increased fractional shortening. There was a significant reduction in plasma BNP and renin levels in rats fed high salt HS along with Vitamin D, compared to rats fed HS diet alone. There was no difference in BP between the two groups, thus reaffirming a direct action of vitamin D on cardiac morphology and function, as opposed to a haemodynamic effect. Most importantly, they also demonstrated an improvement in diastolic function, and reduction in septal and posterior wall thickness in a small observational study of haemodialysis patients, treated with active vitamin D, suggesting that the findings from animal models can be replicated in humans11. Moreover, intravenous Vitamin D administration in a group of haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism was associated with a significant reduction in LVM Index 178 73 to 16561 gm2 on transthoracic echocardiogram over 15 weeks12. However, no studies thus far have investigated the effects of native vitamin D repletion on cardiac structure and function, as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in predialysis CKD. 