 i. Use of long sheath j. Use of hydrophilic wires or catheters k. Tortuosity of UE vessels anatomic variants l. Catheters used m. Contrast volume n. Difficulty in removing catheters and sheath o. Use of IAIV NTG andor verapamil at end of procedure for sheath removal: provisional use when radial artery spasm present or suspected vs. routine pre-emptive use to avoid radial artery spasm per operator standard practice. 