 The specificity of the NV interaction with the sugar moieties of histo-blood group antigens was shown by specific blocking of the binding by human milk from a secretor, by monoclonal antibodies specific for secretor human blood-group antigens HBGAs, by synthetic oligosaccharide conjugates containing secretor antigens, and by treatment of the tissues with a1,2 fucosidase. NV also binds to differentiated CaCo2 cells and differentiated CaCo2 cells express human histo-blood group antigens. Transfection of Chinese Hamster Ovary CHO cells with a a1,2-linked fucosyl-transferase cDNA allowed attachment of NV virus-like particles VLPs. The bound rNV VLPs were internalized following incubation of the cells at 37oC. 