 The objectives of the current randomized controlled study were to examine how the modality of an acute 3 day isocaloric -25 energy depletion by dieting alone or by aerobic exercise alone differently impacts appetite and appetite-related hormones, ad libitum energy intake EI, food hedonics and food reward, and olfaction. It was hypothesized that independent of modality of depletion, that relative to the control, there would be increased ad libitum feeding and food reward, improvements in smell performance, and a decline in fasting leptin and increase in fasting total ghrelin. It was also hypothesized that the increased food reward would prove to be a predictor of ad libitum EI and that relative to the depletion by aerobic exercise alone, the depletion by diet alone would produce greater compensatory increases in appetite, ad libitum EI, and food reward. 