 Children and young people experience significant pain and distress related to procedures. There are many studies looking at psychological and pharmacological interventions demonstrating that these can reduce procedural-related pain and distress. Distraction is frequently studied and consistently demonstrated to reduce procedure-related pain and in some cases distress. It has also been shown that children choose different distractors, and this can be related to age and sex. Best practice for distraction should therefore include identifying and working with individual patient preferences and this can additionally help by giving children some control over the procedure. There are limited studies looking at other interventions such as preparation and parent positioning showing that these interventions can have a positive impact on distress and coping. Few trials examine effect of interventions over time and multiple procedures. 