 A sternotomy incision is used for application of the rPAB. The band is tightened under echocardiographic control until the inter-ventricular septum becomes a midline structure. Myocardial function is augmented with inotropic and vasodilator agents. These agents are weaned off gradually over a period of 2-4 weeks. The infant is separated from mechanical ventilation within the first post-rPAB week, and enteric feeding is resumed. The infant is discharged on oral medications, and is kept under frequent clinical surveillance. 