<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 50-year-old man presents to a clinic with oliguria. Four weeks ago, he had a kidney transplant. Postoperative follow-up was normal. He is currently on cyclosporine and admits that sometimes he forgets to take his medication. On physical examination, the vital signs include: temperature 37.1C 98.8F, blood pressure 165110 mm Hg, heart rate 80min, and respiratory rate 16min. There is mild tenderness on renal palpation. His serum creatinine level is 4 mgdL, well above his baseline level after the transplant. Which of the following best describes the histological finding if a biopsy is taken from the transplanted kidney?? A: Thickening of blood vessels, fibrosis of graft vessels, and parenchymal atrophy, B: Necrosis with granulation tissue, C: Atherosclerosis on angiography, D: Thrombosis and occlusion of vessels, E: Lymphocytic infiltration of graft vessels and endothelial damage,  <response>: This is a question about the histological findings in a transplanted kidney in a patient with elevated serum creatinine who is noncompliant with immunosuppressive therapy. The history of recent kidney transplant and elevated creatinine from baseline suggests graft dysfunction. Noncompliance with cyclosporine puts the patient at risk for rejection. The choices describe different histological findings in the kidney. Choice A describes changes of chronic rejection including vascular changes and parenchymal damage. Choice B describes acute tubular necrosis. Choice C describes atherosclerosis which is not directly related to the transplant. Choice D describes vascular thrombosis which could lead to infarction but does not describe the typical findings in this scenario. Choice E describes findings of acute cellular rejection including lymphocytic infiltration and endothelial damage. Based on the clinical scenario, choice E best matches the expected histological findings.E: Lymphocytic infiltration of graft vessels and endothelial damage 