<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 51-year-old man presents to the clinic with a history of hematuria and hemoptysis following pneumonia several weeks ago. He works as a hotel bellhop. His medical history is significant for gout, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus type II, and mild intellectual disability. He currently smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day and denies any alcohol use or any illicit drug use. His vital signs include: temperature 36.7C 98.0F, blood pressure 12674 mm Hg, heart rate 87min, and respiratory rate 23min. Physical examination shows minimal bibasilar rales, but otherwise clear lungs on auscultation, grade 26 holosystolic murmur, and benign abdominal findings. Pulmonary function tests demonstrate a restrictive pattern and a current chest radiograph shows bibasilar alveolar infiltrates. Clinical pathology analysis reveals antiglomerular basement membrane antibody, and his renal biopsy shows a linear immunofluorescence pattern. Of the following options, which type of hypersensitivity reaction underlies this patients diagnosis?? A: Type Ianaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction, B: Type IIcytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction, C: Type IIIimmune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction, D: Type IVcell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity reaction, E: Type I and IVmixed anaphylactic and cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction,  <response>: This is a clinical vignette describing a 51-year-old man with a history of hematuria, hemoptysis, pneumonia, gout, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus type 2, mild intellectual disability, and heavy smoking. Key findings include antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies and a linear immunofluorescence pattern on renal biopsy. The question asks which type of hypersensitivity reaction underlies the patients diagnosis. Based on the presence of anti-GBM antibodies and linear immunofluorescence on renal biopsy, this is most consistent with a type II cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction. Type II reactions involve antibody-mediated destruction of cellstissues and include conditions like autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Goodpastures syndrome, and myasthenia gravis. The other options can be ruled out based on the clinical and pathologic findings.B: Type IIcytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction 