<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 70-year-old man presents to a medical office with painful micturition for 2 weeks. He denies any other symptoms. The past medical history is unremarkable. He has been a smoker most of his life, smoking approx. 1 pack of cigarettes every day. The physical examination is benign. A urinalysis shows an abundance of red blood cells. A cystoscopy is performed, which reveals a slightly erythematous area measuring 1.5 x 1 cm on the bladder mucosa. A biopsy is obtained and microscopic evaluation shows cells with an increased nuclear: cytoplasmic ratio and marked hyperchromatism involving the full thickness of the epithelium, but above the basement membrane. Which of the following best describes the biopsy findings?? A: Reactive atypia, B: Microinvasion, C: Urothelial metaplasia, D: Urothelial carcinoma-in-situ, E: Urothelial hyperplasia,  <response>: This is a medical case scenario describing a 70-year-old male patient with painful urination and hematuria. The patient has a history of long-term smoking. Cystoscopy showed an erythematous bladder lesion and biopsy revealed atypical urothelial cells confined to the epithelium without invasion through the basement membrane. The question asks to identify the best description of the biopsy findings. Based on the description of atypical cells involving the full thickness of the urothelial epithelium but not below the basement membrane, this indicates urothelial carcinoma-in-situ.Choices A and C describe benign processes that do not fit the biopsy findings. Choice B indicates invasion through the basement membrane, which is not described. Choice E indicates a benign proliferative process, which does not match the atypical cells described.D: Urothelial carcinoma-in-situ 