<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 75-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of progressive shortness of breath and chest pressure with exertion. Cardiac examination shows a crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur that is heard best in the second right intercostal space. Radial pulses are decreased and delayed bilaterally. Transesophageal echocardiography shows hypertrophy of the left ventricle and a thick, calcified aortic valve. The area of the left ventricular outflow tract is 30.6 mm2. Using continuous-wave Doppler measurements, the left ventricular outflow tract velocity is 1.0 ms, and the peak aortic valve velocity is 3.0 ms. Which of the following values most closely represents the area of the stenotic aortic valve?? A: 16.0 mm2, B: 10.2 mm2, C: 23 mm2, D: 6.2 mm2, E: 2.0 mm2,  <response>: This is a question about calculating the area of a stenotic aortic valve using echocardiography measurements. The key information in the question stem is that the patient has aortic stenosis, as evidenced by the systolic murmur, delayed radial pulses, LV hypertrophy, and thickened calcified aortic valve on imaging. The LV outflow tract velocity is 1.0 ms and the peak aortic valve velocity is 3.0 ms. Using the continuity equation, we can calculate the area of the stenotic aortic valve as:Aortic valve area LV outflow tract area x LV outflow tract velocity Peak aortic valve velocitySubstituting the values from the question:Aortic valve area 30.6 mm2 x 1.0 ms 3.0 ms 10.2 mm2B: 10.2 mm2 