<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:Two days after hospitalization for urgent chemotherapy to treat Burkitts lymphoma, a 7-year-old boy develops dyspnea and reduced urine output. He also feels a tingling sensation in his fingers and toes. Blood pressure is 10065 mm Hg, respirations are 28min, pulse is 100min, and temperature is 36.2C 97.2F. The lungs are clear to auscultation. He has excreted 20 mL of urine in the last 6 hours. Laboratory studies show:Hemoglobin 15 gdLLeukocyte count 6,000mm3 with a normal differential serumK 6.5 mEqLCa 7.6 mgdLPhosphorus 5.4 mgdLHCO3 15 mEqLUric acid 12 mgdLUrea nitrogen 44 mgdLCreatinine 2.4 mgdLArterial blood gas analysis on room air:pH 7.30PCO2 30 mm HgO2 saturation 95Which of the following is most likely to have prevented this patients condition?? A: Allopurinol, B: Ciprofloxacin, C: Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, D: Sodium bicarbonate, E: No prevention would have been effective,  <response>: This is a clinical vignette describing a 7-year-old boy with Burkitts lymphoma who has developed acute kidney injury and electrolyte abnormalities during hospitalization for chemotherapy. The key findings are dyspnea, oliguria, tingling in fingerstoes, hypotension, tachycardia, acute kidney injury with elevated BUNCr and hyperkalemia. The description of recent chemotherapy for Burkitts lymphoma and the acute onset of these findings points towards tumor lysis syndrome as the likely cause. Tumor lysis syndrome can occur after initiation of chemotherapy for hematologic malignancies like Burkitts lymphoma due to rapid tumor cell lysis and release of intracellular contents into the circulation. This leads to hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia. The choices provide possible preventative measures for tumor lysis syndrome. Allopurinol prevents uric acid production, ciprofloxacin has no clear role, pneumococcal vaccine is unrelated, sodium bicarbonate can correct acidosis but not prevent tumor lysis syndrome itself, and tumor lysis syndrome in this case was likely unavoidable.A: Allopurinol 