<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A study is funded by the tobacco industry to examine the association between smoking and lung cancer. They design a study with a prospective cohort of 1,000 smokers between the ages of 20-30. The length of the study is five years. After the study period ends, they conclude that there is no relationship between smoking and lung cancer. Which of the following study features is the most likely reason for the failure of the study to note an association between tobacco use and cancer?? A: Effect modification, B: Latency period, C: Pygmalion effect, D: Late-look bias, E: Confounding,  <response>: This question is asking about a study funded by the tobacco industry that failed to find an association between smoking and lung cancer. The key is identifying which aspect of the study design is most likely responsible for this failure.The choices include effect modification, latency period, Pygmalion effect, late-look bias, and confounding. The study followed a cohort of young smokers for only 5 years. Lung cancer typically takes much longer than 5 years to develop after starting smoking. Therefore, the short follow-up period and failure to account for the latency period of lung cancer development is the most likely reason the study failed to identify an association between smoking and lung cancer.B: Latency period 