<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 60-year-old male engineer who complains of shortness of breath when walking a few blocks undergoes a cardiac stress test because of concern for coronary artery disease. During the test he asks his cardiologist about what variables are usually used to quantify the functioning of the heart. He learns that one of these variables is stroke volume. Which of the following scenarios would be most likely to lead to a decrease in stroke volume?? A: Anxiety, B: Exercise, C: Pregnancy, D: Heart failure, E: Digitalis,  <response>: This is a question about stroke volume, which is the amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat. The question asks which scenario would most likely lead to a decrease in stroke volume.Choice A, anxiety, can increase heart rate and blood pressure but would not directly affect stroke volume. Choice B, exercise, would typically increase stroke volume as the heart pumps more forcefully to meet increased metabolic demands.Choice C, pregnancy, increases blood volume which would tend to increase stroke volume. Choice D, heart failure, is the best answer. Heart failure impairs the hearts ability to pump out sufficient blood, which directly reduces stroke volume.Choice E, digitalis, can be used to treat heart failure. By increasing the force of heart muscle contractions, it tends to increase stroke volume.D: Heart failure 