<prompt> Please answer with one of the option in the bracket. Write reasoning in between . Write answer in between .Q:A 42-year-old Caucasian male presents to your office with hematuria and right flank pain. He has no history of renal dialysis but has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. You order an intravenous pyelogram, which reveals multiple cysts of the collecting ducts in the medulla. What is the most likely diagnosis?? A: Simple retention cysts, B: Acquired polycystic kidney disease, C: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, D: Medullary sponge kidney, E: Chronic renal failure,  <response>: Based on the information provided in the question stem, the key findings are:- 42-year-old Caucasian male - Presenting with hematuria and right flank pain- History of recurrent UTIs but no renal dialysis- IV pyelogram shows multiple cysts in the renal medullaThe diagnosis of medullary sponge kidney is characterized by cystic dilatation of the collecting ducts in the renal medulla. This condition can present with hematuria and flank pain, and have an association with recurrent UTIs. The other choices do not fit with the key findings. Simple retention cysts and acquired polycystic kidney disease would not explain the recurrent UTIs. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease would present at a younger age and involve more diffuse cystic changes. Chronic renal failure would not lead to medullary cysts.D: Medullary sponge kidney 