<prompt> Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu: Passage: Zvakawanikwa naAnning zvakava zviratidzo zvinokosha zvokutsakatika. Georges Cuvier akanga ataura chokwadi chokutsakatika mukupera kwema1790 zvichienderana nokuongorora kwake zvisaririra zvezvipuka zvinokambaira zvakadai semamuti. Kunyange zvakadaro, kutozosvikira kumavambo kwama 1820 kwakanga kuchiri kudavirwa navanhu vazhinji vakadzidza zvesayenzi kuti sezvo marudzi matsva asina kuoneka, naizvozvo akange aripo haana kutsakatika - murutivi nemhaka yokuti vakanzwa kuti kutsakatika kwaizoreva kuti chisiko chaMwari chakanga chisina kukwana; zvisiri izvo zvipi nezvipi zvakawanwa zvakatsanangurwa kure sokunge zvaiva zvemhuka dzichiri kurarama kumwe kunhu munharaunda isina kuongororwa yePasi. Chimiro chinoshamisa chezvicherwa zvakawanikwa naAnning, zvimwe, zvakadai se plesiosaur, zvakasiyana kwazvo nechero chisikwa chipenyu chinozivikanwa chakarova zvikuru pfungwa iyi. Ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs, uye pterosaur yaakawana, pamwe chete nezvisaririra zvekutanga zve dinosaur zvakawanikwa naGideon Mantell naWilliam Buckland munguva imwe cheteyo, zvakaratidza kuti munguva dzakapfuura Pasi rakanga richigarwa nezvisikwa zvakasiyana kwazvo neizvo zviri kurarama nhasi, uye zvakapa rutsigiro rwakakosha kune imwe pfungwa inopokana yaCuvier: kuti pakanga paine zera rezvipembenene apo zvipembenene panzvimbo pezvipembenene zvaive chimiro chikuru chehupenyu hwemhuka. Mashoko aya akakurumbira pashure pokubudiswa muna 1831 kwechinyorwa chaMantell chine musoro unoti Nguva yeZvipembenene icho chakapfupikisa ufakazi hwokuti kwave kune nhambo yenguva refu yezvokuchera pasi apo zvipembenene zvikuru zvakapararira panyika, mumhepo, uye mugungwa. Izvi zvakawanikwa zvakaitawo basa rinokosha mukukudziridzwa kwedzidzo itsva ye geohistorical kuongorora mukati me geology muma1820s ayo akatsvaga kunzwisisa nhoroondo yePasi nekushandisa humbowo kubva kumafossils kuvakazve zvisikwa zvakapera uye nharaunda dzavaigara. Iyi dzidzo pakupedzisira yakasvika pakunzi paleontology. Mifananidzo yezviitiko zvenguva yakadzika zvino inozivikanwa sepaleoart, zvakadai somupendi waHenry De la Beche Duria Antiquior, yakabetsera kugutsa vanhu kuti kwaibvira kunzwisisa upenyu mu... Mubvunzo: Zvakawanikwa naani zvaizivikanwa seuchapupu hwokutsakatika?  <response>: Annings 