<prompt> Nyorera kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Chipapa chakaramba chichipa ropafadzo dzekuenda kuhondo dzemakwikwi kubva kuma1360s pasina mhinduro yakakosha yemauto kurwisa maMuslim muMediterranean. Kumutsidzirwa kwokutanga kwebasa raiva chirongwa cheGenoese cha1390 chokutora chiteshi cheTunisia cheAl-Mahdiya. Vose vari vaviri papa weRoma noweAvignon vakapa rudzikinuro uye babamunini vamambo weFrance, Louis II, Duke weBourbon, akanga ari mutungamiriri. Pane uchapupu hushoma hwokuti vanhu vacho vaipesana, uye kurovedza muviri kwacho kwaiita sokungofamba-famba kwevarwi kwaiitwa neuto duku. Pashure pokukombwa kwamavhiki mapfumbamwe kwakanga kwakazara nezvirwere, hondo yechitendero yeTunis  <response>: vakabvuma kubvisa. Pashure pokukunda kwavo muHondo yeKosovo muna 1389, vaOttoman vakanga vakunda rutivi rukuru rweBalkan uye vakanga vadzikisa pesvedzero yeByzantium kunharaunda yakapoteredza Constantinople, iyo ivo gare gare vakakomba. Muna 1393, Tsar Ivan Shishman weBulgaria akarasikirwa neNicopolis kuvaOttoman. Muna 1394 Papa Boniface IX akazivisa Hondo Itsva Yamarudzi Ose yokurwisa vaTurkey, kunyange zvazvo Kuparadzana kweMadokero kwakanga kwaparadzanisa umambo hwapapa. Sigismund weLuxembourg, Mambo weHungary, akatungamirira Hondo yeMuchinjikwa iyi iyo yaibatanidza vakuru vakuru veFrance vanoverengeka kubatanidza John the Fearless, mwanakomana weDuke weBurgundy, uyo akava mutungamiri wehondo yeMuchinjikwa. Sigismund akarayira vaCrusader kuti vaise pfungwa dzavo pakudzivirira pavakasvika kuDanube, asi vakakomba guta reNicopolis. VaOttoman vakavakunda muHondo yeNicopolis musi wa 25Gunyana, vakatora vasungwa zviuru zvitatu. 