<prompt> Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Pakutanga zvakarongwa kuti zviitwe muna 2014 pakati pekukakavadzana nekukakavadzana pakati pehurumende dzematunhu nehurumende yemubatanidzwa. Zvikumbiro zvekuzvimiririra kweKurdish zvave zvichienderera kwemakore, nereferendamu isiri yepamutemo ya2005 yakaguma ne98.98 yekuvhota ichitsigira kuzvimiririra. Izvi zvikumbiro zvenguva refu zvakawana simba zvichitevera  <response>: Northern Iraq kurwiswa neIslamic State muIraq uye Levant panguva yeIraq Civil War umo mauto eBaghdad-anodzora akasiya dzimwe nzvimbo, idzo dzakazotorwa nePeshmerga uye dzakatongwa de facto nemaKurd. 