<prompt> Pfupisa nyaya yacho: Charles Darwin amene akaarondedzera semhuka dzinoshamisa zvikurusa dzati dzambowanwa uye akashamiswa pamusoro pokuti dzingadai dzakavapo sei. Zvino masayendisiti akazarura chakavanzika chamakore 180 chematangiro okushanduka-shanduka kwezvipembenene zvine makumbo zveSouth America izvo zvakafa makore 10 000 akapfuura. Mhuka dzine makumbo dzomunyika - mhuka dzine makumbo - dzakavhiringidza nyanzvi dzezvakaitika kare sezvo dziine mavara akafanana neanobata, nzou nengamera. Macrauchenia patachonica ine makumbo mana, inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa, yakavhiringidza masayendisiti kubvira pakawanikwa zvisaririra zvemarudzi acho, ayo akafa makore anenge 10 000 akapfuura, naCharles Darwin makore 180 akapfuura. Asi iye zvino, masayendisiti akaongorora mapuroteni ari mumapfupa emabhiza aya uye akaona kuti mabhiza aya ane ukama hwepedyo nemabhiza emazuva ano. Nzira yavakashandisa inovimbisawo kuzivisa mashoko matsva pamusoro pemamwe marudzi akafa kare. Matongo emumwe mhuka yekare yakawanikwa muAmazon angave ari tsoko yokutanga kufamba ichibva kuAfrica ichiyambuka Atlantic Ocean ichienda kuSouth America. Zvakawanikwa izvi zvinoratidza kuti tsoko dzakatanga kusvika kuSouth America makore anenge mamiriyoni 10 dzisati dzasvika. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti mhuka dzokutanga dzakasvika kuSouth America, iyo yaimbova chitsuwa chakanga chakaparadzana isati yabatana neNorth America mamiriyoni matatu emakore apfuura, ichibva kuAfrica iri pazvikepe zvaifamba nomugungwa reAtlantic. Mapoka maviri emhuka dzakakura ipapo akaparadzana kuti agadzire mhuri dzakasiyana dzemhuka dzakakura. Zvisinei, uchapupu hwokuti rwendo urwu runoshamisa rwakaitika riini hauna kunyatsojeka uye tsvakurudzo yekare kupfuura dzose yemonkey yakawanikwa muNew World yaiva nemakore mamiriyoni 26 akawanikwa muBolivia. Asi zvino mazino akaomeswa, akawanikwa pamahombekombe orwizi murutivi ruri kure rweAmazon muPeru, ayo akarongwa kuva ane makore 36 miriyoni okukura anoratidza kuti kuyambuka kubva muAfrica kungave kwakaitika kare zvikuru. Kuvakwazve kwePerupithecus ucayalensis kuruboshwe yemakore ane mamiriyoni 38 yakawanikwa muSouth America kunoratidzwa pamusoro apa pamwe chete nemarudzi ayo aifanana zvikuru - Talahpithecus parvus, iyo...  <response>: Vaongorori vakaongorora zvisaririra 48 zvemhuka dzaiva nemapapiro dzekuSouth America. Marudzi acho - Toxodon plantensis neMacrauchenia patachonica - akatanga kuwanikwa naCharles Darwin muUruguay neArgentina makore 180 akapfuura. Nyanzvi dzezvakafa kare dzakatamburira kusarudza kana mhuka dzacho dzinoshamisa dzakanga dzakafanana zvikuru nemhuka dzinoruma, ngamera kana kuti nzou. Masayendisiti akagadzira nzira itsva yokuongorora mapuroteni ari mumapfupa ayo anogona kuzivisa kubatana pakati pemhuka dzakafa mamiriyoni emakore akapfuura. Nzira yacho inogona kudzokera shure munguva kupfuura kuongorora kweDNA yekare. Vakawana kuti mhuka dzakanga dzatsakatika dzokuSouth America dzakanga dzakafanana nemabhiza. Nzira itsva - inonzi proteomics - yaigona kuchinja dzidziso yezvicherwa zvekare. 