<prompt> Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu: Passage: MuUnited States, maValentine okutanga akagadzirwa akawanda emapepa akavezwa akagadzirwa uye akatengeswa nguva pfupi pashure pa1847 naEsther Howland 18281904 weWorcester, Massachusetts. Baba vake vaibata chitoro chikuru chemabhuku nezvokunyorera, asi Howland akafuridzirwa neValentine yeChirungu yaakanga agamuchira kubva kune shamwari yebhizimisi yababa vake. Achida kugadzira maValentine akafanana, Howland akatanga bhizimisi rake nokutumira mapenzura emapepa nokushongedzwa nemaruva kubva kuEngland. Mumwe munyori muGrahams American Monthly akacherechedza muna 1849, kuti Zuva raSaint Valentine... riri kuva, hungu rava, zororo renyika yose. Muitiro wechiNgezi wokutumira makadhi aValentine wakanga wakadzika midzi zvakakwana kuti ubatanidzwe sechirongwa chenyaya mubhuku raElizabeth Gaskell rinonzi Mr. Harrisons Confessions 1851: Ndakapinda ndichitsanangura: Valentine wandisingazivi chinhu nezvake. Zviri murunyoro rwenyu rworuoko, akadaro achitonhora. Kubvira muna 2001, Greeting Card Association yave ichipa Esther Howland Award for a Greeting Card Visionary gore negore. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi19, mapepa akanyorwa nemaoko akatsiviwa nemakadhi okukwazisa anogadzirwa akawanda. MuUK, inenge hafu yevagari vanoshandisa mari paValentines yavo, uye inenge 1.9 bhiriyoni yakashandiswa muna 2015 pamakadhi, maruva, machokoreti nezvimwe zvipo. Kutengeserana kwezuva raValentine pakati pezana remakore rechi19 kwakanga kuri kutanga kwemamwe mazororo okushambadzira muUnited States aizotevera. Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi Zuva raValentine?  <response>: zororo renyika 