<prompt> Pedzisa mutsara unotevera: Panama yaigarwa nemadzinza omunyika yacho vaSpain vasati vasvika ikoko muzana remakore rechi16. Rwakazvimiririra kubva kuSpain muna 1821 ndokubatanidzwa neRepublic of Gran Colombia, mubatanidzwa weNueva Granada, Ecuador, neVenezuela. Pashure pokunge Gran Colombia yaparara muna 1831, Panama neNueva Granada pakupedzisira dzakava Republic of Colombia. Nokutsigirwa neUnited States, Panama yakaparadzana neColombia muna 1903, ichibvumira kuvakwa kwePanama Canal kupedzwa neUS Army Corps of Engineers pakati pa 1904 na 1914. Zvibvumirano zveTorrijos-Carter zva1977 zvakabvumirana kutamisa mugero wacho kubva kuUnited States kuenda kuPanama musi waDecember 31, 1999. Nhamba  <response>: nharaunda yakapoteredza yakatanga kudzorerwa muna 1979. 