<prompt> Ramba uchinyora ndima iyi - Purofesa Winthrop aiva mumwe wevanhu vakakurumbira mune zvesayenzi muAmerica muzana remakore rechi18, uye zvaakaita pakufambira mberi kwesainzi muNew England zvaikosha zvikuru. Vose vari vaviri Benjamin Franklin naBenjamin Thompson Count Rumford sezvingabvira vakakwereta zvakawanda zvefariro yavo yapakuvamba mukutsvakurudza kwesayenzi kupesvedzero yake. Akanga anewo pesvedzero inokosha mudzidzo yokutanga youzivi yaJohn Adams mukati menguva yokupedzisira paHarvard. Akanyorerana nguva dzose neRoyal Society muLondon - nokudaro, akanga ari mumwe wevanyanzvi vokuAmerica vokutanga kutorwa zvakakomba muEurope. Akasarudzwa kuva nhengo yeAmerican Philosophical Society yakamutsidzirwa muna 1768. Aizivikanwa nokuedza kutsanangura kudengenyeka kukuru kwenyika kwakaitika muLisbon muna 1755  <response>: sechinhu chesayenzi panzvimbo pechitendero, uye kushandisa kwake masvomhu pakuongorora kudengenyeka kwenyika kwakatevera kudengenyeka kukuru kwakaumba hwaro hwokutaura kwakaitwa nokuda kwake somuvambi wesayenzi yezvokudengenyeka kwenyika. Uyezve, akacherechedza kufamba kwaMercury muna 1740 na1761 uye akaenda kuNewfoundland kunoona kufamba kwaVenus. Akafamba nengarava yakapiwa neDunhu reMassachusetts - zvichida rwendo rwokutanga rwesayenzi rwakatumwa neimwe nyika yeAmerica yakanga ichangotanga. 