<prompt> Neiko kwaizova neoxygen yakawandisa? Tichifunga nezvemubvunzo wapfuura, nyora mashoko akapoteredza mhinduro yacho. Inogona kuva mitsara 1 - 20. Mashoko akapoteredza:  <response>: Photorespiration inogona kuitika apo okisijeni inenge yakanyanya. Rubisco haagoni kusiyanisa pakati peokisijeni necarbon dioxide zvakanaka kwazvo, naizvozvo anogona kuwedzera O2 netsaona panzvimbo peCO2 kuRuBP. Maitiro aya anoderedza kushanda zvakanaka kwephotosynthesis - inopedza ATP uye okisijeni, inoburitsa CO2, uye haibudisi shuga. Inogona kupambadza inenge hafu yecarbon inogadziriswa neCalvin cycle. Nzira dzinoverengeka dzakashanduka-shanduka mumitsara yakasiyana-siyana dzinokwidza mwero wekabhoni dhayokisaidhi zvichienzaniswa neokisijeni mukati me chloroplast, zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwephotosynthesis. Nzira idzi dzinonzi carbon dioxide concentrating mechanisms, kana kuti CCMs. Izvi zvinosanganisira Crassulacean acid metabolism, C4 carbon fixation, uye pyrenoids. Chloroplasts mumiti yeC4 inozivikanwa sezvo ichiratidza chimiro chakasiyana chechloroplast dimorphism. 