<prompt> Rangarira ndima iri pasi apa uye ipapo pindura mubvunzo gare gare mumutauro mumwe chetewo sechikamu: Passage: Basa raBose mu radio microwave optics rakanga rakanangidzirwa zvikurukuru kunzveredzi yemasikirwo echinoitika chacho uye rakanga risiri kuedza kukudziridza redhiyo kuva nzira yokukurukurirana. Kuedza kwake kwakaitika panguva imwe chete iyi kubva mukupera kwa1894 apo Guglielmo Marconi akanga achiita kubudirira pane imwe nhepfenyuro yakagadzirirwa zvakananga kune wireless telegraphy uye vamwe vakanga vachiwana kushandiswa kunoshanda kwemafungu eredhiyo, zvakadai seRussia physicist Alexander Stepanovich Popov radio wave base lightning detector, yakafuridzirwawo nekuedza kwaLodge. Kunyange zvazvo basa raBose rakanga risina chokuita nokukurukurirana iye, kufanana naLodge navamwe vanoedza murabhoritari, sezvingabvira akanga ane pesvedzero pavamwe vanovamba vanoedza kukudziridza redhiyo senzira yokukurukurirana nayo. Bose akanga asingafariri kuti basa rake riitwe repatent uye akazivisa pachena mashandiro egalena crystal detector yake mumharidzo dzake. Shamwari muUS yakamunyengetedza kuti atore US patent pane detector yake asi haana kuitevera uye akaibvumira kuti ipere. Bose ndiye akatanga kushandisa semiconductor junction kuti aone mafungu eredhiyo, uye akagadzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvino zvakajairika zvemicrowave. Muna 1954, Pearson naBrattain vakapa Bose pokutanga pakushandiswa kwekristaro isingapfuuri semucherechedzi wemafungu eredhiyo. Kutaura idi, mamwe mabasa pa millimeter wavelengths akanga asingambowaniki kwamakore 50 akatevera. Muna 1897, Bose akarondedzera kuRoyal Institution muLondon kutsvakurudza kwake kwakaitwa muCalcutta pakureba kwemafungu emamirimita. Akashandisa mafungu, mahedhifoni, magirazi emagetsi, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzera polarization uye kunyange semiconductors pamafrequency akakwirira se60 GHz;. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu zvake zvokutanga zvichiripo, zvikurukuru paBose Institute muKolkata. 1.3 mm multi-beam receiver yava kushandiswa paNRAO 12 Meter Telescope, Arizona, US, inosanganisira pfungwa kubva pamapepa ake epakutanga a1897. Sir Nevill Mott, Nobel Laureate muna 1977 nokuda kwezvipo zvake kune solid-state electronics, akataura kuti J.C. Bose akanga ari makore 60 mberi kwenguva yake. Kutaura zvazviri, akanga... Mubvunzo: Chii chaakaronga?  <response>: kuvapo kweP-type uye N-type semiconductors 