<prompt> Ramba uchiverenga ndima ino - Kugadzirwa kwemapaipi emvura yakasviba akaumbwa neseramiki kwakatanga muna 1846, uye kwakabudirira zvikuru; Henry Doulton akatanga kambani yake yainyanya kuita izvi, Henry Doulton and Co., bhizimisi rokutanga kugadzira aya. Ikoku kwakabatanidzwa nebhizimisi guru muna 1854. Munununa wake John Junior gare gare akatangawo bhizimisi rake rokugadzira pombi. Kare migero yaingova migero yezvidhina, iyo yaitanga kubuda mvura payaikwegura. Denda recholera ra18461860, uye kutsvakurudzwa kwakaitwa naDr John Snow kwedenda recholera ra1854 muBroad Street  <response>: muLondon kumvura yakasvibiswa netsvina yakatungamirira purogiramu huru yekuvandudza kuraswa kwemvura, uye dzimwe nzira dzokuyerera dzinoshandisa mapaipi. Zvinhu izvi nezvimwe zvakawanda zvaishandiswa pakuvaka uye pakushambidza zvakaramba zviri musimboti weDoulton kusvika muzana remakore rechi20. Zvinhu zvesimbi zvemapombi zvakadai semapombi uye mabhati esimbi zvakawedzerwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana gare gare. Midziyo yamatombo yekubikira yakadai semidziyo yekuchengetera uye ndiro dzekusanganisa, uye marabhoritari uye kugadzira zvedongo, zvaive zvimwe zvakasarudzika zvenguva refu. Zvimwe zvivako zvakagadzirirwa kuita izvi muPaisley muScotland, Smethwick, St Helens pedyo neLiverpool, uye Rowley Regis muEngland, uye pakupedzisira Paris. 