<prompt> Yini isitashi esiyenzayo kuma-thylakoid? Njengoba kunikezwe umbuzo odlule, bhala umongo onempendulo yawo. Kungaba imisho engu-1 kuya kwengu-20. Umongo:  <response>: Noma, ama-glucose monomers ase-chloroplast angahlanganiswa ndawonye ukuze enze isitashi, esiqoqeka sibe izinhlamvu zesitashi ezitholakala ku-chloroplast. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjengezinga eliphezulu le-CO2 emkhathini, lezi zinhlayiya zesitashi zingakhula zibe zinkulu kakhulu, ziphambukise i-grana ne-thylakoids. Izinhlayiya zesitashi ziyasusa ama-thylakoid, kodwa ziwashiye engashintshiwe. Izimpande ezimanzi zingabangela nokwakheka kwesitashi kuma-chloroplasts, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi i-sucrose encane ithunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-chloroplast noma ngokunembe kakhudlwana, iseli lesitshalo. Lokhu kunciphisa ukutholakala kwe-phosphate yamahhala yesitshalo, okukhuthaza ngokungaqondile ukuhlanganiswa kwesitashi se-chloroplast. Nakuba zihlobene namazinga aphansi e-photosynthesis, izinhlamvu zesitashi ngokwazo zingase zingaphazamisi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-photosynthesis, futhi zingase zibe nje umphumela ohlangothini wenye into ecindezela i-photosynthesis. 