<prompt> Bhala okuqhubekayo kwalesi sigaba - UProfesa Winthrop wayengomunye wabantu abavelele kwezesayensi eMelika phakathi nekhulu le - 18, futhi ithonya lakhe ekuthuthukeni kwayo kwasekuqaleni eNew England lalibaluleke ngokukhethekile. Bobabili uBenjamin Franklin noBenjamin Thompson uCount Rumford cishe babekweleta iningi lesithakazelo sabo sokuqala ocwaningweni lwesayensi ngenxa yethonya lakhe. Futhi waba nethonya elinamandla emfundweni yokuqala yefilosofi kaJohn Adams ngesikhathi sokugcina eHarvard. Wayexhumana njalo neRoyal Society eLondon - ngenxa yalokho, wayengomunye wochwepheshe bokuqala baseMelika abathathwa ngokungathi sína eYurophu. Wakhethwa ukuba abe yilungu le-American Philosophical Society evuselelwe ngo-1768. Waziwa ngokuzama ukuchaza ukuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kwaseLisbon ngo - 1755  <response>: njengesayensikunokuba kube yinkolo, futhi ukusebenzisa kwakhe izibalo zezibalo emsebenzini wokuzamazama komhlaba ngemva kokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu kwakha isisekelo sesimangalo esenziwe egameni lakhe njengomsunguli wesayensi yokuzamazama komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wabheka ukudlula kukaMercury ngo-1740 nango-1761 futhi waya eNewfoundland eyobheka ukudlula kukaVenus. Wahamba ngomkhumbi owanikezwa yisiFundazwe saseMassachusetts - cishe okwakuwuhambo lokuqala lwesayensi olwaluthunyelwe yinoma yisiphi isifundazwe saseMelika esasisafufusa. 