<prompt> Qedela le nkulumo elandelayo: Ngekhulu le-19, iBrithani yayiyisikhungo sokwanda okusheshayo kwamadolobha, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwavela izinkinga eziningi zempilo nezokuhlanzeka, ngokwesibonelo ukuqubuka kwekholera nezifo eziwumshayabhuqe. Lokhu kwaphumela ekubeni iBrithani idlale indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni impilo yomphakathi. Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale ukuhlobana phakathi kwamanzi okuphuza angcolile nezifo, njengekholera nezinye izifo ezithathelwana ngamanzi, kwakusetshenziswa inkolelo-mbono ye-miasma ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqubuka kwalezi zifo. Umbono we - miasma uwumbono wokuthi izifo ezithile ziwumkhiqizo womoya omubi. Ucwaningo olwenziwa udokotela uJohn Snow e-United Kingdom phakathi nenkathi ye-  <response>: Ngo-1854 ukuqubuka kwekholera eBroad Street kwacacisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezifo ezithathelwana ngamanzi namanzi okuphuza angcolile. Nakuba inkolelo-mbono yokuthi izifo zibangelwa amagciwane yayingakasungulwa, lokho ayekubonile kwamenza wenqaba inkolelo-mbono evamile yokuthi izifo zibangelwa ama-miasma. Indatshana yakhe yango-1855 ethi On the Mode of Communication of Cholera yabonisa ngokucacile indima yokunikezwa kwamanzi ekusakazeni ubhubhane lwekholera eSoho, kusetshenziswa imephu yokusabalalisa amachashazi nobufakazi obungokwezibalo ukukhombisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwekhwalithi yomthombo wamanzi namacala ekholera. Phakathi nobhadane lwango - 1854, waqoqa futhi wahlaziya imininingwane eyabonisa ukuthi abantu abaphuza amanzi emithonjeni engcolisiwe njengompompi waseBroad Street babebulawa ikholera ngamanani aphakeme kakhulu kunalabo abaphuza amanzi kwenye indawo. Imininingwane yakhe yakholisa umkhandlu wendawo ukuba ukhubaze iphampu yamanzi, okwaqeda ngokushesha ukuqubuka kwalesi sifo. 