<prompt> Fingqa isihloko: CNN Ngo-1971, isazi sesayensi yemvelo sacabanga ngokuba khona kwesici sesine esiyisisekelo esisemjikelezweni we-elekthronikhi, ngaphezu kwezinto ezintathu ezazisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi. Igama lakhe kwakunguLeon Chua futhi wayekholelwa - ngezizathu zokufana - ukuthi ingxenye eyengeziwe ngelinye ilanga ingakhiwa ukuze ihlanganise i-resistor, i-capacitor ne-inductor. Wayibiza ngokuthi i-memristor, okuyinhlanganisela yamagama athi memory nelithi resistor. Kwathatha iminyaka engama-37 ukuba amakhono ethu obuchwepheshe afinyelele kulowo mbono: i-memristor yokuqala yakhiwa yi-Hewlett Packard ngo-2008. Futhi namuhla, abacwaningi abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kungadala inguquko kwezobuchwepheshe. Kalula nje, i-memristor ingase isho ukuphela kwezinto zobuchwepheshe njengoba sizazi nokuqala kwenkathi entsha ebizwa ngokuthi ionic. I-transistor, eyakhiwa ngo-1947, iyingxenye eyinhloko yama-computer. Isebenza ngokusakazwa kwama-electron, kuyilapho i-memristor ihlanganisa ama-electron nama-ion, noma ama-athomu akhokhiswe ngogesi. E-transistor, uma ukugeleza kwama-electron kuphazamiseka, ngokwesibonelo, ngokucisha amandla, lonke ulwazi luyalahleka. Kodwa i-memristor iyakwazi ukukhumbula umthamo wamandla owawuyiwela, futhi njenge-memory stick iyogcina ukwaziswa ngisho nalapho ugesi ucishiwe. Lokhu kungavulela amakhompyutha ithuba lokuvula nokuvala ngokushesha njengegilobhu futhi angalahlekelwa yilutho: i-RAM, noma inkumbulo, ngeke isasuswa lapho umshini ucishwa, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokulondoloza noma yini kuma-hard drive njengoba kunjalo ngobuchwepheshe bamanje. Kodwa ama-memristor anomunye umehluko oyisisekelo uma eqhathaniswa nama-transistor: angakwazi ukweqa imingcele yekhodi kanambambili. Ekuqaleni, lobu buchwepheshe buzosetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukwakha ama-chip enkumbulo ashesha kakhulu aqukethe idatha eningi futhi adle amandla amancane. Lokhu kukodwa kungenza amakhompyutha avamile abe namandla kakhulu, kodwa kamuva, i-memristor nayo ingakwazi ukucubungula. UJennifer Rupp unguprofesa wezinto ezisebenza ngogesi e-ETH Zurich, futhi usebenza ne-IBM ukwakha umshini osuselwa kumemristor. Uveza ukuthi ama-memristor,...  <response>: I-memristor uhlobo olusha lwezinto zikagesi ezingashintsha izinto zikagesi. Yaqala ukucatshangwa ngawo-1970, ngaphambi kokuba kwakhiwe ngisho neyodwa. Abacwaningi base-ETH basebenza ne-IBM ekwakheni ama-memristor emishini yesikhathi esizayo ye-computer. Ama-memristor-based chips ayengeke adinge i-silicon, ngakho sasingabona amakhompyutha emafasiteleni, ezintweni zokwenziwa noma ngisho nasezinkomishini zekhofi. 