<prompt> Qedela le nkulumo elandelayo: Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale imbangela yokutheleleka, kwakucatshangwa ukuthi izimpawu zekholera zibangelwa i - bile eyengeziwe esigulini; lesi sifo ikholera sithola igama laso egameni lesiGreki elithi choler elisho i - bile. Lemfundiso yayihambisana namahlaya, futhi yaholela emikhubeni yezokwelapha enjengokuchitheka kwegazi. Leli gciwane kwabikwa ngalo okokuqala ngo-1849 nguGabriel Pouchet, owalithola endle yeziguli ezinekholera, kodwa akazange akuqonde ukubaluleka kwalokhu. Usosayensi wokuqala owaqonda ukubaluleka kwelithi Vibrio cholerae kwakuyisazi sokwakheka komzimba saseNtaliyane uFilippo Pacini, esanyathelisa imidwebo eningiliziwe yalesisidalwa Ezibonelweni Ezincane Nokuqagela Kwesifo Sikakolera ngo-1854. Wanyathelisa amaphepha engeziwe ngo-1866, 1871, 1876 nango-1880, anganakwa umphakathi wesayensi. Wachaza ngokunembile indlela leli gciwane elalibangela ngayo isifo sohudo, futhi wasungula izindlela zokwelapha ezatholakala ziphumelela. Ngenkathi amamephu kaJohn Snow okwaziwa nge-epidemiological ayeqashelwa kahle, futhi aholela ekususweni kwesibambo sepompo seBroad Street, isb.  <response>: Ukuqubuka kwekholera ngo-1854 eBroad Street. Ngo - 1874, abameleli besayensi abavela emazweni angu - 21 bavota ngazwi linye ukuze banqume ukuthi ikholera yayibangelwa ubuthi bemvelo obuvela emihlambini, noma amafu ezinto ezingaphilile ezintanta emoyeni. Ngo-1884, uRobert Koch waphinde wathola i-Vibrio cholerae njengesici esibangela ikholera. Abanye ososayensi babephikisana nombono omusha, futhi baze baphuza amasiko ekholera ukuze bawuphikise: 