<prompt> Fingqa isihloko: CNN Ngandlela-thile, umongameli waseMelika ushayela umkhumbi wethu wombuso njengoba ukaputeni eshayela i-jumbo jet, futhi lokhu kufanisa kusikisela indlela eyodwa engenzeka yokugwema ukuphindaphinda kokubulawa kwabantu kweGermanwings: Nikeza abasebenzi bezindiza amandla athile afana nalawo anikezwe iKhabhinethi yaseMelika esimweni esingavamile nesethusayo lapho umongameli kanye nosekela-mongameli besempini. Ezinye izenzakalo zangaphambili. Bobabili oMongameli kanye nokaputeni bezindiza kumelwe bavikeleke ezihlanya nakubashokobezi. Yingakho izinkampani zezindiza emhlabeni wonke zaqinisa iminyango ye-cockpit ngemva kuka-911, futhi yingakho abantu baseMelika bazo zonke izigaba bethukuthele ngenxa yezindaba zokuthi i-Secret Service izikhathi eziningana yehlulekile ukugcina ukuvikeleka okufanele e-White House. Bobabili omongameli kanye nokaputeni bezindiza bangabantu, futhi babhekene nazo zonke iziphambeko zabantu, kusukela ekukhubazekeni okwesikhashana okudalwe amaholide okuya endlini yangasese kwabashayeli bezindiza nokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe kokomongameli kuya ekufeni okungazelelwe. Izinguquko kokubili eHhovisi Eliyi-Oval nasendlini yabagibeli kufanele zenziwe ngokushelela ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngakho-ke kunesidingo sokuba nosekela kamongameli olungele ukuthatha izintambo ngokushesha. Isifaniso esicacile sezindiza lapha singesomshayeli wesibili osegumbini lokushayela. Esimweni sokufa okungazelelwe, iphini likamongameli noma umshayeli wesibili umane athathe izintambo ngokushesha. Esimweni sokukhubazeka okwesikhashana - ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlinzwa okuhleliwe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile - umongameli angadlulisela ukulawula kusekela likamongameli bese ethatha ukulawula lapho ukukhubazeka kuphela. Yilokho kanye okwenzeka lapho uMongameli uGeorge W. Bush ehlinzwa i-colonoscopy ngo - 2002 nango - 2007. Kuzo zombili izikhathi, uBush wanikeza umshayeli wakhe othembekile, uDick Cheney, isondo, wabe eseqala ukulawula lapho esekulungele, ngaphansi kwemithetho echazwe ngokucacile yiSichibiyelo 25 soMthethosisekelo - isichibiyelo esasungulwa futhi saqinisekiswa ngemva kokubulawa okwesabekayo kukaMongameli uJohn F. Kennedy. Kodwa kwenzekani uma umongameli engakwazi ukubikezela ukukhubazeka kwakhe kwesikhathi esizayo, noma engakwazi ukubona ukukhubazeka kwangempela lapho kuvela? Isichibiyelo sama-25 sivumela iPhini likaMongameli ukuba lithathe izintambo...  <response>: U-Akhil Amar: Lapho umholi engenangqondo noma engenamandla, sidinga indlela yokugudluza. Izindiza zezindiza zingafunda ohlelweni olusetshenziswa kuMthethosisekelo waseMelika ukufaka esikhundleni sikamongameli okhubazekile. 