<prompt> Bhala okuqhubekayo kwalesi sigaba - U-Emmanuel dAstier de la Vigerie wazalelwa eParis ngoJanuwari 6, 1900 futhi ngemuva kokufunda esikoleni esiphakeme esizimele iSainte-Geneviève eVersailles, wajoyina i-École Navale isikole semikhumbi saseFrance, esiphethe imfundo yezikhulu zemikhumbi yempi yaseFrance ngo-1919. Eshiya isosha lasolwandle ngo-1931, u-dAstier waqala umsebenzi wobuntatheli, ebhalela i-Marianne ne-VU. Lapho kugqashuka iMpi Yezwe II ngo-1939, waqoqelwa ukusebenza esikhungweni se- centre de renseignements maritimes de Lorient English: isikhungo semininingwane yasolwandle saseLorient, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeFrance kuze kube ukuwa kweFrance ngo-1940. Ukwenqaba isivumelwano sokuthula neJalimane  <response>: , waba ngumsunguli wenhlangano i-Resistance English: the Last Column, eshicilela i-counter-propaganda ngokumelene nokubambisana neJalimane, futhi wasebenza njengomhleli wephephandaba i- La Montagne. Ngemva kokuba i-Last Column ibhujiswe ngokuboshwa ngo-1941, wacasha ngaphansi kwegama elithi Bernard. Ngo-1943, ngemuva kwemihlangano eLondon noCharles de Gaulle, naseWashington noMongameli wase-United States uRoosevelt, ukuqinisekisa ukwakhiwa nokuqashelwa kweFree French Forces, waphinde wavakashela eLondon njengoKhomishani Wezindaba Zezombusazwe le Directoire des Mouvements unis de Résistance English: the Directory of United Movements of Resistance. 