<prompt> Qedela le nkulumo elandelayo: Ngaphansi kokubusa kukaZahir Shah, ngokuvamile amalungelo abantu ayehlonishwa. Kusukela ngo-1949, uNdunankulu wase-Afghanistan u-Shah Mahmud Khan, wandisa inkululeko yabezindaba, kodwa lezi zinyathelo zaphenduka ngokushesha. UMthetho Wezindaba owaqala ukusebenza ngoJulayi 1965, wanikeza inkululeko enkulu kwezindaba okokuqala ngqa. Nakuba abezindaba babekhululekile kakhulu, kwezinye izimo iNkosi yayivala imithombo yezindaba evela kubaphikisi eyayibhekwa njengengozi. I-Khalq republic yamaKhomanisi eyabusa i-Afghanistan ngemva kwe-  <response>: ISaur Revolution ngo-1978 yayinenkohlakalo, icindezela ngamandla abaphikisi. Uhulumeni wathumba futhi wabulala izinkulungwane zeziboshwa, izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni ezazingavumelani nombuso. 