<prompt> Yimuphi omunye usosayensi owayesebenza yedwa ngaphandle kuka-Einstein? Njengoba kunikezwe umbuzo odlule, bhala umongo onempendulo yawo. Kungaba imisho engu-1 kuya kwengu-20. Umongo:  <response>: Ukuthuthukiswa kwemibono eyisisekelo yamandla kwaqhubeka ngendlela yokuhlanganisa imibono ehlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, u - Isaac Newton wahlanganisa amandla abangela ukuba izinto ziwele phezu komhlaba namandla abangela ukuba imijikelezo yemishini yasezulwini ihambe ngendlela efanayo emfundisweni yakhe yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. UMichael Faraday noJames Clerk Maxwell babonisa ukuthi amandla kagesi nawamandla kazibuthe ayehlanganiswe yithiyori eyodwa eqondile ye - electromagnetism. Ekhulwini lama-20, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-quantum mechanics kwaholela ekuqondeni kwanamuhla ukuthi amandla amathathu okuqala ayisisekelo konke ngaphandle kokudonsela phansi kuyizimpawu zendaba ama-fermion ahlangana ngokushintshanisa izinhlayiya ezibonakalayo ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-gauge boson. Lolu hlobo olujwayelekile lwe-particle physics lubonisa ukufana phakathi kwamandla futhi lwaholela ososayensi ukuba babikezele ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla abuthakathaka namandla kagesi emfundisweni ye-electroweak kamuva eyaqinisekiswa ngokubheka. Ukwakheka okuphelele kwemodeli ejwayelekile kubikezela indlela kaHiggs engakabonwa, kodwa ukubonwa okufana nokuntengantenga kwe-neutrino kubonisa ukuthi imodeli ejwayelekile ayiphelele. I-Grand Unified Theory evumela ukuhlanganiswa kokuxhumana kwe-electroweak namandla aqinile ibekwa njengethuba nemibono ekhethiwe efana ne-supersymmetry ehlongozwayo ukuze ixazulule ezinye zezinkinga ezingaxazululiwe ezivelele kwezesayensi. Ososayensi basalokhu bezama ukuthuthukisa amamodeli okuhlanganisa ahambisanayo azohlanganisa zonke izinto ezine eziyisisekelo zibe imfundiso yezinto zonke. U-Einstein wazama futhi wahluleka kulokhu, kodwa okwamanje indlela ethandwa kakhulu yokuphendula lo mbuzo i-string theory.:212219 