<prompt> Qedela le nkulumo elandelayo: Ngo-221 B.C., uQin Shi Huang wanqoba imibuso ehlukahlukene eyayilokhu ilwa futhi wazenzela isiqu esithi Huangdi noma umbusi weQin, okwaphawula ukuqala kombuso waseChina. Nokho, uhulumeni ocindezelayo wawa ngokushesha ngemva kokufa kwakhe, futhi wathathelwa indawo umbuso wamaHan owaphila isikhathi eside 206 BC 220 AD. Imibuso yemibuso eyalandela yakha izinhlelo zokuphatha ezenza ukuba umbusi akwazi ukulawula izindawo ezinkulu ngokuqondile. Emakhulwini angu - 21 kusukela ngo - 206 B.C. kuya ku - 1912 C.E., imisebenzi evamile yokuphatha yayiphathwa iqembu elikhethekile lezikhulu ezifundayo. Izinsizwa, ezazijwayelene kahle nokubhala ngesandla, umlando, izincwadi nefilosofi, zazikhethwa ngokucophelela ezivivinyweni ezinzima zikahulumeni. Umbuso wokugcina waseChina kwakungu-Qing 16441912, owashintshwa yiRiphabhuliki yaseChina ngo-1912, kwase kuba yiRiphabhuliki Yabantu baseChina ngo-1949. IRiphabhulikhi yaseChina yadonsa esiqhingini saseTaiwan ngo-1949. Kokubili i-PRC ne-ROC njengamanje bathi yibo kuphela uhulumeni osemthethweni waseChina, okuholele ekutheni kube nokuphikisana okuqhubekayo ngisho nangemva kokuba iZizwe Ezihlangene zaqaphela i-PRC njengohulumeni ozomela iChina kuzo zonke izingqungquthela ze-UN ngo-1971. IHong Kong neMacau zadlulisela ubukhosi eChina ngo-1997 futhi  <response>: Ngo-1999 kusukela e-United Kingdom nasePortugal ngokulandelana, baba yizifunda ezikhethekile zokuphatha SARs ze-PRC. 