<prompt> Qedela umusho olandelayo: Ucwaningo olugxile ekungcoleni kukawoyela okunobuthi ezinhlanzini lwaqala ngempela ngo-1989, ngemva kokuba ithangi i-Exxon Valdez lishayise umhlubulo ePrince William Sound, e-Alaska futhi lachitha cishe amalitha ayizigidi ezingu-11 kawoyela ongahluziwe emanzini azungezile. Ngaleso sikhathi,  <response>: Ukuchitheka kukawoyela e-Exxon Valdez kwaba okukhulu kunakho konke emlandweni wase-United States. Kwakunemiphumela eminingi emibi yemvelo ngenxa yokugeleza kwamanzi kuhlanganise nokulahleka kokulahleka kwezigidigidi ze-herring yasePacific namaqanda e-salmon abomvana. I-Pacific herring yayisanda kuqala ukuzala ngasekupheleni kuka-March lapho kwenzeka ukuchitheka, okwaholela ekutheni cishe ingxenye yamaqanda aleli qoqo lemikhomo ibulawe uwoyela ongahluziwe. I-Pacific herring izala ezindaweni eziphakathi kwamagagasi nezingaphansi kwamagagasi, okwenza amaqanda asengozini asheshe angcoliswe. 