<prompt> Fingqa isihloko: Ososayensi balalela ukuzamazama komhlaba ukuze benze imidwebo emangalisayo efana nemarble yangaphakathi eMhlabeni. Ngokurekhoda ukuzamazama komhlaba, abacwaningi bayakwazi ukwakha isithombe sesigqoko soMhlaba esiyi - 3D - ungqimba oluphakathi kwe - Earths crust ne - outer core. Lokhu bakwenza ngokuhlaziya isivinini sokuzamazama komhlaba, okuhamba ngokushesha phakathi kwamadwala aqinile futhi kancane kancane phakathi kwe-magma encibilikisiwe. Ukulingiswa kwamakhompyutha kusebenzisa isivinini samagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba ukuze kuvezwe ukuba khona kwezakhiwo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Kulombono we-mantle engaphansi koLwandlekazi iPacific, amagagasi ahamba kancane aboniswe ngombala obomvu nowolintshi kuyilapho amagagasi asheshayo aboniswe ngombala oluhlaza nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ithimba lasePrinceton lafaka idatha evela kuma-seismogram kumodeli wekhompyutha, owabe usulingisa igagasi ngalinye njengoba liphuma enkabeni yokuzamazama komhlaba. Ama - seismograms enziwe ayeqhathaniswa nama - seismograms angempela, futhi umehluko wawuphindiselwa emuva ukuze kuthuthukiswe imodeli. Abacwaningi benza lokhu ngokuphindaphindiwe, beqhathanisa idatha nokulingisa bese bekhipha umehluko. Ngokuhamba ngakunye, bayayithuthukisa imodeli yabo. Kulezi zithombe, amagagasi ahamba kancane anombala obomvu nowolintshi, kuyilapho ukudlidliza okusheshayo kunombala oluhlaza nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amamodeli e-3D adalwe nguProfesa Jeroen Tromp wasePrinceton University ohlose ukudala ibalazwe layo yonke i-mantle - kuze kufike ekujuleni kwamakhilomitha angu-3 000 - ekupheleni konyaka. Ithimba lakhe belilokhu lisebenzisa amakhono okucubungula izinombolo ekhompyutheni i-Titan ese-Oak Ridge National Laboratory eTennessee, ekwazi ukwenza izibalo ezingu-20 quadrillion ngomzuzwana. Kuze kube manje uProfesa Tromp uye wabheka amagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba avela ekuzamazameni komhlaba okungu-3.000 okungu-5.5 noma ngaphezulu, okwaqoshwa ezinkulungwaneni zeziteshi zokuhlola ukuzamazama komhlaba emhlabeni wonke. Lezi ziteshi zenza amarekhodi, noma ama - seismogram, anemininingwane yokuhamba kwamagagasi okuzamazama komhlaba, ngokuvamile ahamba ngesivinini esingamakhilomitha amaningi ngomzuzwana futhi ahlala imizuzu eminingana. UProfesa Tromp wathi, Sinesithakazelo ngokukhethekile ekwakhekeni kokukhuphuka kwe-mantle kanye nama-plume, kodwa ingxenye enkulu yayo iyobe ihlola izithombe ukuze kutholakale okungavamile...  <response>: Ososayensi bahlela ibalazwe lomkhakha womhlaba ophakathi kwegobolondo lomhlaba nenhliziyo yalo engaphandle. Ithimba lithemba ukudala ibalazwe le-3D layo yonke i-mantle ngasekupheleni konyaka. Ibalazwe elivelayo lingase liveze izindawo eziqondile zamapuleti ama-tectonic. Ijubane lokudlidliza kwembula uhlobo lwezinto ezingaphansi komhlaba. Amagagasi ahamba kancane anombala obomvu nowolintshi, kuyilapho lawo asheshayo enombala oluhlaza nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. 