<prompt> Bhala okuqhubekayo kwalesi sigaba - Izingxoxo eziphathelene nesivumelwano, okuwumphumela weNgqungquthela yaseMadrid ka-1991  <response>: , zaqhutshwa ngasese e-Oslo, eNorway, ezaqhutshwa yisikhungo i-Fafo, futhi zaqedwa ngo-20 Agasti 1993; Izivumelwano zase-Oslo kamuva zasayinwa ngokusemthethweni emcimbini womphakathi eWashington, DC, ngo-13 Septhemba 1993, phambi kukaSihlalo we-PLO u-Yasser Arafat, uNdunankulu wase-Israel u-Yitzhak Rabin kanye noMongameli wase-US uBill Clinton. Lemibhalo ngokwayo yasayinwa nguMahmoud Abbas we-PLO, uNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uShimon Peres wakwa-Israyeli, uNobhala Wezangaphandle wase-U.S. uWarren Christopher wase-United States noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uAndrei Kozyrev waseRussia. 