<prompt> Bheka isigaba esingezansi bese uphendula umbuzo emva kwalokho ngolimi olufanayo nesigaba: Isethulo: Uviniga wawaziwa ekuqaleni kwempucuko njengomphumela wemvelo wokuchayeka kukabhiya newayini emoyeni, ngoba amagciwane akhiqiza i-acetic acid akhona emhlabeni wonke. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-acetic acid ku-alchemy kufinyelela ngekhulu le-3 BC, lapho isazi sefilosofi esingumGreki uTheophrastus sichaza ukuthi uviniga wasebenza kanjani ezinsimbini ukukhiqiza imibala ewusizo kwezobuciko, kufaka phakathi i-lead emhlophe lead carbonate ne-verdigris, ingxube eluhlaza yosawoti wethusi kufaka phakathi ithusi II acetate. AmaRoma asendulo ayebilisa iwayini elimuncu ukuze akhiqize isiraphu emnandi kakhulu ebizwa ngokuthi i - sapa. I-sapa eyayikhiqizwa ezitsheni zomthofu yayigcwele i-lead acetate, into emnandi ebizwa nangokuthi ushukela womthofu noma ushukela kaSaturn, okwaba nomthelela ekutholeni ubuthi bomthofu phakathi kwezikhulu zaseRoma. Ngekhulu le-16 i-alchemist yaseJalimane u-Andreas Libavius yachaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-acetone kusuka ku-distillation eyomile ye-lead acetate, i-ketonic decarboxylation. Ukuba khona kwamanzi kuviniga kunethonya elikhulu kakhulu ezimfanelweni ze-acetic acid kangangokuthi sekungamakhulu eminyaka osokhemisi bekholelwa ukuthi i-acetic acid yeqhwa ne-acid etholakala kuviniga kuyizinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Usokhemisi ongumFulentshi uPierre Adet wafakazela ukuthi ziyalingana. Umbuzo: Yimuphi umkhiqizo ovamile webhiya kanyenoma iwayini odalulwe emoyeni?  <response>: Uviniga 