<prompt> Bheka isigaba esingezansi bese uphendula umbuzo emva kwalokho ngolimi olufanayo nesigaba: Ukudlula: Ngo-1856 uKekulé waba yi-Privatdozent e-University of Heidelberg. Ngo-1858 waqashwa njengoprofesa ophelele e-University of Ghent, wabe esebizwa eBonn ngo-1867, lapho ahlala khona impilo yakhe yonke. Esekela imibono yakhe kulabo ababengaphambi kwakhe njengoWilliamson, u-Edward Frankland, uWilliam Odling, u-Auguste Laurent, uCharles-Adolphe Wurtz nabanye, uKekulé wayengumenzi oyinhloko wombono wesakhiwo samakhemikhali 185758. Lo mbono uvela emcabangweni we-atomic valence, ikakhulukazi i-tetravalence ye-carbon eyamenyezelwa nguKekulé ngasekupheleni kuka-1857 kanye nekhono lama-athomu e-carbon ukuxhuma komunye nomunye okumenyezelwe ephepheni elishicilelwe ngoMeyi 1858, ekunqumeni ukuhleleka kokubopha kwawo wonke ama-athomu ku-molecule. U-Archibald Scott Couper ngokuzimela wafinyelela emcabangweni wokuzihlanganisa kwama-athomu ekhabhoni iphepha lakhe lavela ngoJuni 1858, futhi wanikeza amafomula okuqala e-molecule lapho imigqa ifanekisela khona izibopho ezixhumanisa ama-athomu. Kwabasebenza ngamakhemikhali, inkolelo-mbono yesakhiwo yanikeza ukuqonda okusha okucacile, nesiqondiso esinokwethenjelwa kokubili emsebenzini wokuhlaziya nokuhlanganisa. Ngenxa yalokho, umkhakha we-organic chemistry wathuthuka kakhulu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Phakathi kwalabo ababesebenza kakhulu ekuphishekeleni uphenyo lokuqala lwesakhiwo, ngaphezu kukaKekulé noCouper, kwakukhona uFrankland, uWurtz, u-Alexander Crum Brown, u-Emil Erlenmeyer, no-Alexander Butlerov. Umqondo kaKekulé wokunikeza ama-athomu athile ezindaweni ezithile ngaphakathi kwe-molecule, futhi uwaxhumanise ngokwezibalo esebenzisa lokho akubiza ngokuthi Verwandtschaftseinheiten amayunithi wokusondelana, manje abizwa ngokuthi ama-valences noma ama-bond, wawusekelwe kakhulu ebufakazini obuvela ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, kunezindlela ze-instrumental ezingabheka ngqo ku-molecule, njenge-X-ray crystallography. Izindlela ezinjalo zokunquma ukwakheka komzimba zazingakenziwa, ngakho osokhemisi bosuku lukaKekulé kwadingeka bathembele cishe ngokuphelele kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlanza amakhemikhali. Ezinye izazi zamakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi uHermann Kolbe, zakugxeka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa... Umbuzo: Imfundiso kaKekulé yayingayiphi indawo yesayensi?  <response>: ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali 