<prompt> Bhala okuqhubekayo kwalesi sigaba - Umqhubi wesikebhe, i-Occidental Petroleum, wathenga umshwalense oqondile kubabhalisi beLloyds, okwathi ngemva kwalokho badlulisela ingxenye yezabelo zabo zengozi kwamanye ama-syndicates ngokusebenzisa umshwalense. Laba baphinde bavikele kabusha ingxenye yengozi kwabanye ababhalisile be-reinsurance ngaphakathi kweLloyds abaziwa ngokuthi ababhalisile be-retrocessionary, njalo njalo. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-syndicates amaningi, ikakhulukazi lawo abhala inani elikhulu le-excess of loss reinsurance, abhekana nesimangalo esifanayo izikhathi eziningi ngokusebenzisa izingqimba eziningi ku-spiral. Ezinye izinhlekelele, kuhlanganise neSiphepho uHugo nokuchitheka kukawoyela e-Exxon Valdez  <response>: ngo-1989, nawo angena kulolu hambo. 