 Nyorai kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Pre-1911 revolutionaryNzanga yechiChinese yakanga yakasarudzika uye yakaumbwa nemasangano akapoteredza emhuri dzakakura, masangano, masangano edzinza uye mapoka, umo vanhu vaiva nebasa rokudzivirirana nokubatsirana. Nokukurumidza pashure pokunge vaChinese vokutanga vagara muSan Francisco, vatengesi veChinese vanoremekedzwa - nhengo dzakakwirira zvikurusa dzomunzanga yeChinese yenguva yacho - vakaita nhamburiko dzokutanga dzokuumba masangano omunzanga neomufarwa chiChinese: Kongsi kubetsera vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika kutamisa vamwe kubva mumaguta avo omuzvarirwo, kushamwaridzana, kugamuchira betsero yemari uye kusimudza manzwi avo munhau dzomunzanga. Pakutanga, masangano aya aingopa vashanduri, pokugara, uye mabasa okuwana basa kune vatsva. Muna 1849, sangano rokutanga revatengesi vokuChina rakaumbwa, asi harina kugara kwenguva refu. Mumakore asingasviki mashomanene yakanyangarika sezvo basa rayo rakanga richitsiviwa zvishoma nezvishoma nemasangano emunharaunda dzeChinese nemasangano edzinza sezvo vatorwa vakawanda vaiuya vari vazhinji. Pakupedzisira mamwe masangano edunhu akakurumbira akabatanidzwa kuti ave Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association inozivikanwa zvikuru seChinese Six Companies nemhaka yemasangano matanhatu okutanga. Yakakurumidza kuva sangano rine simba zvikurusa uye rinonzwika zvikurusa mune zvamatongerwe enyika kumiririra vaChina kwete muSan Francisco bedzi asi muCalifornia yose. Mune mamwe maguta makuru namatunhu muAmerica masangano akafanana akaumbwa. 