 Nyorai kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Muna 2002 kudonha kwemafuta kwePrestigekwakaitika nemigumisiro mikuru yezvakatipoteredza kumhenderekedzo yegungwa yeSpain yeAtlantic. Muna 2003 José María Aznar akatsigira purezidhendi weUnited States George W. Bush muHondo yeIraq, uye sangano rakasimba rinorwisana nehondo rakamuka munzanga yeSpain. Pana 11 March 2004 boka remagandanga reIslam romunzvimbomo rakafuridzirwa neAl-Qaeda rakaita chiito chikuru zvikurusa chokutyisidzira munhau yeSpain apo vakauraya vanhu 191 uye vakakuvadza vamwe vanopfuura 1.800 kupfurikidza nokuputika mabhomba pazvitima zvomugwagwa muMadrid. Kunyange zvazvo fungidziro dzapakuvamba dzakanangidzirwa paboka ramagandanga reBasque ETA, ufakazi hwakakurumidza kubuda hunoratidzira kubatanidzwa kwavaIslam. Nemhaka yekuswedera pedyo kwesarudzo dza2004, nyaya yebasa yakakurumidza kuva gakava rezvematongerwe enyika, nemapato makuru anokwikwidza PP nePSOE vachichinjana kupomerwa pamusoro pekubata kwechiitiko ichi. Sarudzo dzaMarch 14 dzakakundwa nePSOE, inotungamirirwa naJosé Luis Rodríguez Zapatero. 