 Nyorera kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Neither the Nuremberg nor Tokyo Charters contained an explicit provision recognizing sexual and gender-based crimes as war crimes or crimes against humanity, although Control Council Law No. 10 recognized rape as a crime against humanity. Mitemo yeInternational Criminal Tribunal yeyaichimbova Yugoslavia neInternational Criminal Tribunal yeRwanda zvose zviri zviviri yaibatanidza kubata chibharo semhosva yokurwisana nevanhu. ICC ndiyo yekutanga hurongwa hwenyika dzese hunobatanidza zvakajeka marudzi akasiyana emhosva dzepabonde uye dzevakadzi dzinosanganisira kubata chibharo, uranda hwepabonde, kupfekwa chibharo, kubata pamuviri nechisimba, kumanikidzwa kuita bonde, uye mamwe marudzi emhirizhonga yepabonde sezviito zvinopesana nemhosva dzevanhu uye mhosva dzehondo dzinoitwa muhondo dzepasi rose uye kana dzisiri dzenyika dzese. Somuenzaniso, zviitiko zvepogroms yeBaku, pogrom yeSumgait, kuurayiwa kwevanhu muShusha, kukombwa kweStepanakert, uye Khatyn zvinogona kuratidzwa kuti nyika inoshora zvakasimba. Masangano emarudzi akawanda akakumbira rudzikinuro kuti adzivise zviitiko zvakadaro. Kune mazana emhondi, zviuru zvevasungwa uye vakakuvadzwa muzviitiko izvi. 