 Nyorera kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Commonwealth yakanga isingakwanisi kudzora zviitiko zvevaCossacks, uye muna 1648 Ukraine yakadzika mumhirizhonga neKhmelnytsky Uprising, umo maCossacks akatsvaka kupidigura kutonga kweCommonwealth uye kugadza nyika yakazvimirira. Hondo yakapfuurira kwamakore anenge makumi maviri, ichitungamirira kupindira kweRussia neSweden, pakati pavamwe. Muna 1669 Cossack Hetman Petro Doroshenko akatendeukira kumaOttomans, achipa nyika yake yeRight-Bank Ukraine semuranda mukutsinhana nekudzivirirwa kubva kuCommonwealth neRussia. VaOttoman vakagamuchira zvaakapa, vachiona uyu somukana wokugumisa kupamba kwaiitwa nevaCossack uye kusimbisa kudzivirira kwemuganhu wokuchamhembe. Pashure pokunge Commonwealth yarwisa maCossack, vaOttoman vakaenda kuhondo uye muna 1672 vakakunda nhare yeKamianets-Podilskyi, yaizivikanwa kuvaOttoman seKamaniçe. Rugare rwakasainwa muna 1676, umo maOttoman akabatanidza purovhinzi yePodolia. VaOttoman nokudaro vakawana nzvimbo yakasimba yavakakwanisa kuwedzera kudzora kwavo nyika yeCossack, uye munguva pfupi yakatevera vakagadza mauto mumaguta makuru eUkraine, vachipesana nevaRussia uye vachivadzinga kubva kuguta guru reCossack reChyhyryn muna 1678. Kamaniçe akaramba ari nhare yemuganhu wekuchamhembe weOttoman muHondo yeHoly League. Iine boka revarwi revarume vanopfuura 6.000 uye zvombo 200, yaiva imwe yenhare dzaidzivirirwa zvikuru muUmambo hweOttoman. Pasinei nokuedza kunopfuurira kweCommonwealth kuvhara uye kukomba guta racho, Kamaniçe akakwanisa kumira muhondo yose, uye maererano neChibvumirano cheKarlowitz chakadzoserwa kuCommonwealth muna 1699 pasina kukundwa. 