 Nyorai kupfuurira kweiyi ndima - Kubudirira kweCommonwealth kwakaderera mukati mezana ramakore rechi 18. Kukamurwa katatu kwakaitika, kuchigovera nharaunda yayo pakati poUmambo hweRussia, Umambo hweHabsburg, uye Umambo hwePrussia. Mauto aitungamirirwa naJakub Jasiński akadzinga maRussia kubva kuVilnius panguva yekumukira muna 1794. Zvisinei, mushure mekuparadzaniswa kwechitatu kwaApril 1795, Vilnius yakabatanidzwa neHumambo hweRussia uye ikava guta guru reVilna Governorate. Panguva yaitonga Russia, masvingo eguta akaparadzwa, uye pakazosvika 1805 Gate of Dawn chete ndiro rakanga rasara. Muna 1812, guta racho rakatorwa naNapoleon paakanga achienda kuMoscow, uyezve mukati mokurega kunoparadza. Grande Armée yakagamuchirwa muVilnius. Zviuru zvevarwi zvakafira muguta racho pakupedzisira pavakadzokera shure; makuva makuru akafukunurwa muna 2002. Vagari vaitarisira kuti Tsar Alexander I aizovapa kuzvitonga semhinduro yezvipikirwa zvaNapoleon zvekudzorera Commonwealth, asi Vilnius haina kuzvitonga, kana pachayo kana sechikamu cheCongress Poland. 