 Ramba uchinyora ndima iyi - Maguta ehurumende dzechiGiriki ekare pane dzimwe nguva aituma nhume kuti dzizokurukura nhau dzakananga, dzakadai sehondo norugare kana kuti ukama hwezvokutengeserana, asi akanga asina vamiririri vamiririri vaigara vachigoverana munharaunda yomumwe nomumwe. Zvisinei, mimwe yemabasa anopiwa vamiririri vedzimwe nyika vomuzuva razvino uno yaizadzikwa naproxenos, mugari womuguta rinogamuchira uyo aiva noukama hwoushamwari nerimwe guta, kazhinji kazhinji kupfurikidza neukama hwemhuri. Munguva dzorugare, hurumende dzaitotungamirirwa nevadzivisi vasiri vechiHellenistic vakadai seHumambo hweAchaemenid hwePersia, kuburikidza nahwo hwakapedzisira hwakundwa naAlexander Mukuru weMasedhonia. Alexander aivawo nounyanzvi hwokukurukurirana, achiziva kuti kukunda tsika dzokune dzimwe nyika kwaizova nani kana vanhu vake vokuMakedhoniya nevokuGirisi vaizosanganiswa nokuroorana nevanhu vomunyika yacho. Somuenzaniso, Alexander akaroora mukadzi wechiSogdian wokuBactria, Roxana, pashure pokukomba Dombo reSogdian, kuti vagutse vanhu vanopandukira. Unyanzvi hwokukurukura nedzimwe nyika hwakaramba huri chinhu chinokosha pakutonga kwenyika dzevaHellenist dzakatsiva umambo hwaAlexander, dzakadai seUmambo hwaPtolemy neUmambo hwaSeleucus, hwakarwa hondo dzinoverengeka muNear East uye kazhinji kacho hwaiita zvibvumirano zvorugare kuburikidza nokuroorana. 