 Kubvira pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, vanhu vokuIndonesia vaida kuti nyika yavo ive yakazvimiririra vachishandisa nyika dzose dzakanga dzatongwa neNetherlands muIndia, kusanganisira nechokumadokero kweNew Guinea. Vamwe vakatovamba mapato ezvematongerwe enyika omunzvimbomo, akadai seIndonesian Irian Independence Party PKII muna 1946. Muna December 1949, Netherlands yakaziva uchangamire hweIndonesiapamusoro peDutch East Indies kunze kweDutch New Guinea, iyo nyaya yaifanira kukurukurwa mukati megore. VaDutch vakabudirira kutaura kuti Western New Guinea yakanga yakasiyana zvikuru nenzvimbo neIndonesia uye vanhu vakanga vakasiyanawo zvikuru norudzi. Mukuedza kudzivisa Indonesia kutora kutonga kwenharaunda uye kugadzirira nharaunda kuzvimiririra, vaDutch vakasimudza zvakanyanya mari yekusimudzira kubva pakadzika kwayo, vakatanga kuisa mari muPapua dzidzo, uye vakakurudzira nyika yePapua. Vanhu vashoma vokumadokero vakatanga kuva nepfungwa dzezvematongerwo enyika dzaikura dzaienderana nepfungwa yokuzvimiririra kwePapua, vaine ukama hwepedyo neNew Guinea yokumabvazuva, iyo yaitongwa neAustralia. Paramende yenyika yakasarudzwa muna 1961 uye mureza weMorning Star wakasimudzwa musi wa1 December, nokuzvimiririra kwakarongwa mumakore 9 chaiwo. 