 Rapid reversal of drug activity can be achieved by formulation of a drug as an infusible agent with a short half-life, or via administration of a second agent, an antidote, that can neutralize the activity of the drug. Short-acting direct thrombin inhibitors such as bivalirudin, which can be reversed simply by cessation of infusion, are being developed as infusible anticoagulants for use in CABG surgery Merry et al., 2004. However, the co-morbidities such as renal dysfunction, present in a large percentage of patients undergoing CABG or PCI procedures Al Suwaidi et al., 2002, may preclude rapid clearance of the drug and thus delay reversal of activity, andor the relatively large quantity of drug required to sustain anticoagulation i.e., necessary to achieve effective steady state levels of a short-half-life agent may significantly interact with underlying renal impairment to compound the problem. Therefore, it remains to be seen if these drugs will indeed achieve rapid reversal of anticoagulation following stoppage of infusion in the target patient populations, and whether the clearance of the drug itself may exacerbate renal dysfunction. 