 The investigators hypothesized that Oral amoxicillin 25mgkgdose bid given to children aged 2-59 months with pneumonia, would lead to better clinical outcome on day three in 89.9 of the children compared to 77.0 of children receiving oral cotrimoxazole 8 mgkgdose trimethoprim, 40 mgkgdose sulphamethoxazole. A double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Assessment Center of Mulago Hospital. Children with non-severe pneumonia were randomized to receive either oral amoxicillin 25 mgkgdose or cotrimoxazole trimethoprim 8 mgkg and sulphamethoxazole 40 mgkg and followed up on day 3 and 5 of treatment. The primary outcome measures were normalization of respiratory rate by day 3 of treatment. Secondary outcome measures were antimicrobial susceptibility to cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin. 