 Outcome measure data will be recorded by nurses and physicians who are unaware of the randomization for 48hrs post-operatively. The following outcome measures will be recorded. The total amount of opioids consumed by all patients over the first 48hrs after surgery, The daily total amount and pattern of opioid use via a PCA or NCA pump will be recorded from the electronic medical record. The pain assessment scores and adverse effects of opioids and local anesthetic administration will be recorded by a standardized protocol. Other outcome measures include the incidence of emesis, time to first feed or oral intake, pain intensity assessment by self-report in older children and observation in younger children, and time to discharge. 