 Non-surgical therapies, such as systemicregional chemotherapy and transcatheter arterial embolization transcatheter arterial chemoembolization TAETACE, are not effective in treating HCC with PVTT. With the improvement of surgical techniques, surgical resection has been reported to achieve promising results. However, the high rate of recurrence and metastasis constitutes one of the most important challenges in improving surgical efficacy for HCC with PVTT. 