 A HANDLS dietary supplement database was developed by trained nutritionists and registered dietitians. This database consisted of 4 files integrated to generate daily intake of each nutrient consumed by a dietary supplement user. See detailed description at the HANDLS study website: Vitamin D supplemental intake was ascertained for visit 1 if the daily amount IUd was non-zero at visit 2 and the length of time for intake was greater or equal than the length of time days between the two visits, per individual. Thus, HANDLS participant was either 0: non-vitamin D containing supplement user at baseline or follow-up, 1: vitamin-D containing supplement user at baseline and during follow-up, 2: vitamin-D containing supplement user during follow-up only. 