 Furthermore, observational studies evaluating the impact of beta-blocker use in COPD patients have shown benefits on survival with beta-blockers. We have published retrospective data from 5,977 patients with COPD with a mean follow up of 4.35 years, showing that patients using beta-blockers 88 cardio-selective produced a 22 overall reduction in death as well as significant reductions in respiratory hospital admissions and oral steroid use. 