 X-ray catheterization is used to guide minimally invasive procedures including percutaneous coronary interventions PCIs, involving diffuse and multiple vessel disease and total chronic occlusion as well as electrophysiology EP procedures. While the medical benefit to patients outweighs the procedural risk, long fluoroscopy times associated with complex interventions have resulted in acute radiation injuries to patients. Radiation induced cancers have also become a concern in younger patient populations. With the increased number, diversity and complexity of the interventions performed, there has been a growing interest in reducing the long-term exposure risk to medical personnel interventionists. 