 Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynaecological cancers among women in the developed countries. After a curative surgical treatment, many relapses occur in the vaginal cuff. The PORTEC-2 trial has demonstrated a similar reduction in local relapses of intermediate- to high-risk endometrial cancer with vaginal cuff brachytherapy VCB than with external beam radiotherapy EBRT. However, VCB induced less late toxicities. VCB is therefore indicated after surgery for intermediate- to high-risk endometrial cancer. VCB is also recommended after radiation therapy, for patients with stage II or III type 1 endometrial cancers according to the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics classification FIGO, and for all patients with histological type 2 endometrial cancers. 