 Children with chronic illnesses experience frequent painful experiences over extended periods of time, and may develop long-term physiological, psychological and behavioral sequelae including increased sensitivity to pain and higher levels of anxiety before painful procedures. There is strong evidence to show that distraction is effective in reducing childrens pain and distress during painful procedures. However, the evidence to support distraction, as well as other methods of pain reduction during venipuncture i.e. vibration, topical anesthetics, sucrose, has primarily focused on children who are previously well, as those with chronic disease are an understudied population with regards to pain reduction during simple procedures. Children with chronic disease or pathology, particularly those who have received transplantation e.g. cardiac, renal, liver, are a population who undergo frequent painful procedures, such as venipuncture multiple times per week. There is currently no standard of care for pain reduction during venipuncture for pediatric patients having blood drawn in phlebotomy or in the transplant clinics as an outpatient. 