 Propofol is the most frequently applied hypnotic-anesthetic IV drug during anesthesia. In open-loop controlled propofol administration during anesthesia, initial dosing guidelines are based on the typical subject, without taking into account the large inter-individual variability. To manage this variability, most clinicians will start by giving a standard dose, observes the therapeutic effect and will adapt the dose regimen. Although, open-loop drug administration is clinically standard-of-care, the efficiency of this decision process highly depends on the expertise of the clinician, is very time consuming and might result in a suboptimal therapy. 