 An unexplored area of short-term effects of IDAs is the use of unmatched savings to meet emergency needs. In the early stages of AFI participation, households may establish a savings habit but may need to draw on their savings for unexpected expenditures or to offset an unanticipated drop in income. The hypothesized effect of such unmatched withdrawals of IDA deposits is an avoidance of material hardship in food and health. This effect will be estimated using a small set of household-level survey questions, including some items drawn from the adult well-being topical module of the Survey of Income and Program Participation SIPP. 