 The cancer assays to be tested use DNA analysis and antibodies to specific proteins as well as functional assays for proteins to attempt to identify bladder tumor presence. It is important to know whether other changes, including kidney stones, cystitis etc. cause the release of the same DNA or proteins into the urine as was found in cancer patients. The frequency of false positive results will determine the utility of the assay in the cancer detection arena. A patient group of age-matched controls will be recruited from the aforementioned patient populations requiring a single urine donation at the time of their scheduled clinic visit. 