 The dose determined in the phase II study will be used in the Phase III study. In this study, 200 patients will be enrolled in a double blind prospective, randomized, double blind; placebo controlled trial of local anesthetic infusion into the sternal wound. Outcome measures for efficacy will be visual analog pain VAP scores, opioid consumption, time to extubation, pulmonary function tests, duration of ICU and hospital stay, all cause morbidity and mortality. Outcome measure for safety will be adverse events. 