 Traumatic brain injury TBI is a major cause of death and severe disability throughout the world. Current methods of traumatic brain injury treatment include reduction of brain swelling and edema, both by surgical means, as well as by reduction of temperature and avoidance of fever. Methods used to reduce temperature and control fever include surface devices, such as ice packs and water circulating blankets, and intravascular catheters, which are placed into a blood vessel. 