 Objective: We studied the postprandial serum FAs in type 2 diabetic patients homozygous for Thr54 TT; n 11 or for Ala54 AA; n 15 after a standard meal.Design: Patients received a sandwich 7.23 kcalkg-total energy; 43.35 fat, 21.95 protein, and 34.70 carbohydrate in the morning after 12-h fasting and FAs in chylomicrons gas chromatograph, plasma glucose, and serum triacylglycerols were measured at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h. Results: TT and AA patients did not differ regarding age 61.66.7 vs. 62.07.7years, diabetes duration 12.76.9 vs. 13.15.6years, male proportion 72.7 vs. 86.7, blood pressure, type of diabetes treatment and previous macronutrients intake as well as serum A1C test 6.50.6 vs. 6.70.4, LDL 3.01.0 vs. 3.20.6mmoL, HDL 1.30.2 vs. 1.30.4mmolL, triacylglycerols 1.61.0-3.4 vs. 1.60.6-3.7mmolL, saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs, and trans-unsaturated FAs. The increase in serum glucose and triacylglycerols after the meal ANOVA,P0.001 was not different in both groups. The maximum increase of FAs occurred at 6-h postprandial, but only in TT patients: saturated FAs increased from 464.456.9-1602.5 to 1249.5214.5-7149.8mgdL P0.041, monounsaturated FAs from 387.930.2-1523.8 to 925.1344.6-5554.0mgdL P0.026, polyunsaturated FAs from 258.90-1048.5 to 713.1143.7-7987.6mgdL P0.021, trans-unsaturated FAs from 18.51.9-70.6 to 66.55.0-451.7mgdL P0.023. Conclusion: The presence of the T allele of Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 gene in type 2 diabetic patients increases absorption of dietary FAs, including the trans-unsaturated FAs, and this might turns these patients more susceptible to the effect of diet composition. 