 2 RESEARCH PLAN 2.1 Main Objective The main objective of this research is to determine the relative effectiveness of 4 vector control interventions for reducing malaria transmission and controlling vector populations in an area where An gambiae s.s is pyrethroid and carbamate resistant: 1 a standard long lasting insecticidal net LLIN, 2 Long lasting insecticidal nets that incorporate the synergist a PBO Olyset Plus, 3 Long lasting formulation of the OP insecticide pirimiphos-methyl Actellic CS for indoor residual spraying used in conjunction with standard pyrethroid LLIN or 4 the long lasting indoor residual spray IRS formulation used in conjunction with the LLIN which incorporates a PBO synergist. 