 INTRODUCTION. To evaluate the efficacy of three regimens of prophylactic therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients with anergy. METHODS. Prospective, multi-center, randomized, comparative, and open clinical trial. Anergy was defined as absence of induration in response to three antigens PPD, Candida albicans and parotiditis antigen applied by the Mantoux method. Patients were randomized into one of the following prophylactic treatment groups: isoniazid for six months 6H, rifampin plus isoniazid for three months 3RH, rifampin plus pyrazinamide for two months 2RZ or no treatment NT. After completion of treatment, patients were followed up for two years. 