 All patients harboring tumors and scheduled to have a cystectomy, cystoscopy,or nephroureterectomy will be eligible for this study. This will include patients at first presentation and those who are in follow-up. Urine samples collected at the time of a procedure will be obtained from catheterized urine in the operating room. Urine obtained in the clinic setting will be obtained via voiding, as with standard urine sample collection. We propose to collect urine from study participants who have a cystoscopy on each occasion that they visit the Urology Department regarding the treatment and follow-up of their disease. The urine will be collected at intervals over a two-year period. 