 Patients undergo a 3 Tesla MRI scan at baseline to stage the primary tumor, regional lymph nodes, and to rule out distant sites of disease. The MRI includes diagnostic high-resolution anatomical images e.g., T1-weighted and T2-weighted images along axial or optimal directions and experimental images including functional MRI e.g., dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, diffusion-weighted MRI, MR spectroscopy, and chemical exchange-dependent saturation-transfer imaging. Patients also undergo a 3 Tesla MRI scan after 2 courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients not receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy undergo a 3 Tesla MRI scan 2-4 weeks before radical cystectomy and lymph node dissection. 