 The Helix trial is a two arm un-blinded pragmatic randomised controlled trial of whole body cooling versus standard care, after neonatal encephalopathy in low and middle-income countries. The investigators plan to randomise 408 babies in this trial, for which the investigators anticipate approximately 1200 babies will have to be screened for eligibility. The treatment duration cooling therapy is 72 hours, however the temperature of all recruited babies will be monitored during the first week after birth. Any temperature rise over 37.5C will be active treated, both in the cooling and usual care arms, as fever increases the brain injury and adverse outcomes after neonatal encephalopathy. The neurological outcomes will be assessed between 18 to 22 months of age. The trial duration will be 4 years, consisting of a 4 week start up period, 24 month recruitment period, a 18 month follow-up period, and 5 months for data analysis and write up. 