 TZDs are PPAR-gamma ligands that stimulate the gene expression of GLUT1 and GLUT4 cellular glucose transport proteins leading to increased insulin sensitivity in the target cells 15,16. The three PPAR receptors possess some degree of structural homology. Therefore, while TZDs have high affinity to PPAR-gamma, they may also bind to a lesser degree to PPAR-alpha or beta. Saliel and Olefsky 17 have determined in cell culture studies that Troglitazone can activate all three PPAR nuclear receptors. Lehmann et al. 18 observed in vitro that TZDs are high affinity ligands for PPAR-gamma yet also bind to PPAR-alpha to a small degree. Binding PPAR-alpha would directly enhance the catabolism of Triglycerides i.e. reduced ApoC-III plasma concentrations and increased lipoprotein lipase activity and increase HDL-C plasma concentration through enhancing the expression of lipoprotein lipase and ApoA-I and ApoA-II. Therefore, administration of TZDs to non-diabetic normoglycemic individuals should not change plasma glucose concentrations, but by binding to PPAR-alpha it would result in decrease in the plasma concentration of ApoC-III, and an increase in ApoA-I and ApoA-II, with a subsequent rise in HDL-C and reduction in Triglyceride concentration. 