 Leprosy patients have historically been characterized by cutaneous insensibility in body areas of deformity, and the presence of pain in these patients has been neglected for a long time. It has only been recently acknowledged that leprosy can be associated with pain in general and neuropathic pain in particular. Leprosy patients frequently experience neuropathy in wide areas of the body, which may or may not present with pain. When pain exists, it may be acute or chronic, neuropathic or inflammatory. Leprosy has different clinical presentations according to the hosts innate immune response that range from localized skin lesions and adjacent intra-epidermal nerve fiber injury to widespread neuropathy distributed in large areas of low body-surface temperature. Neuropathic pain in leprosy may affect 11-22 of patients, and up to 56 of those with chronic pain. Importantly, more than 85 of patients with leprosy-related neuropathic pain developed it after the end of the antimicrobial treatment period. This means that the majority of patients who developed neuropathic pain did so after they were formally cured of the disease, and, in many cases, discharged from medical assistance. Therefore, pain in leprosy can also be inserted as part of the care after cure program initiative, along with stigma, deformity and incapacity management strategies. 