 HIVAIDS has had a devastating impact on African American MSM. Although African Americans represent only 13 of the US population, 49 of AIDS diagnoses in 2004 were in African Americans. That HIVAIDS has taken an increasing toll on African American injection drug users and heterosexuals during the last decade is well documented. Nevertheless, MSM continue to account for the largest number of African Americans with HIVAIDS. Through 2004, the MSM exposure category accounted for 37 of the cumulative AIDS cases in African American men, whereas injection drug use accounted for 31 and heterosexual transmission accounted for 10. Consonant with these figures on HIVAIDS cases, the HIV infection rates in several studies the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC conducted on African American MSM have rivaled those found in many sub-Saharan African nations. For instance, a CDC 5-city study found that of the African American MSM who were tested for HIV, two-thirds were unaware of their status and 46 were HIV positive. Similarly, the 7-city CDC Young Mens Survey found an HIV prevalence rate of 32 in African American MSM. Interestingly, although African American MSM have relatively high HIV infection rates, evidence does not suggest that they engage in riskier sexual practices than do other MSM. This may mean that African American MSM are drawing their sexual partners from pools of people where HIV prevalence is relatively high, which underscores the urgency of targeting interventions to this population. 