 TZDs are oral glucose-lowering medications used to treat type 2 diabetes that enhance insulin sensitivity. The strong relationship between insulin resistance and NAFLD suggests that insulin sensitizing therapies such as TZDs might be beneficial in the prevention or improvement in NAFLD.TZDs bind to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors PPARs, in part, by facilitating enhanced TG storage by adipocytes, suppressing the ectopic storage of lipids into liver and skeletal muscle. In addition, TZDs appear to have anti-inflammatory properties, inhibiting adipocyte gene expression and reducing circulating levels of TNFα3 and resistin4, and increasing adiponectin concentrations5. Some researches demonstrated that pioglitazonea TZD significantly reduced liver fat content of NAFLD, and ameliorated biological parameters and liver histology of NASH6. However, there have not been similar data of treating chinese NAFLD with pioglitazone. 