 Recently, the controversy of surgical treatment of esophageal carcinoma is concentrated on the neoadjuvant therapy during perioperative period. Neoadjuvant therapy has been widely studied in recent years. Compared to the postoperative radiochemotherapy,the preoperative chemotherapy is less toxic and better tolerated. Pure radiotherapy could only work on the local tumor, yet without lethal effect towards micrometastases and CTCs. Studies have shown that neoadjuvant radiotherapy can only improve the resection rate, but could not prolong the patients survival; the advantages of neoadjuvant chemotherapy include: 1. lower tumor stage, reduce tumor volume , and increase the resection rate; 2. control and treat the tiny metastasis, reduce the recurrence rate; 3. chemotherapeutic drugs can reach to tumor issues with sufficient amount , through the undamaged blood supply system; 4. assess the chemosensitivity of drug in body to guide postoperative treatment. 