 The primary analysis was made through survival analysis with Cox proportional hazard regression. Initially the investigators proceed to univariate analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves and log rank test for the categorical variables, and univariate Cox regression for continuous variables. The predictors which have a p-value lower than 0.25 in univariate analysis were included in final model. Interactions were checked for any possible association of predictors. The likelihood ratio test was used for compare nested with full models. The proportionality of predictors was verified by introduction of time-dependent variables in the model. If any predictor violates the proportionality assumption, the analysis would be stratified for that predictor. Well-functioning catheters at the end of the study period, catheters removed because patients acquired functional arteriovenous fistula, renal function recovery, changed to peritoneal dialysis or had transplantation were analyzed as censored data. The analysis was all done on intention-to-treat base. All reported p-value are two sided. The analysis was performed using the STATA 11.2 statistical software Stata Corporation, College Station, TX, USA 