 The overall objective is to develop and validate MRI methods for the evaluation and monitoring of renal status and associated cerebrovascular effects of renal dysfunction and treatment. The proposed project include two phases: 1 MRI technical development and validation with reproducibility studies; 2 clinical pilot studies with two patient populations CKD patients and renal transplant recipients to explore the potential of MRI in evaluating CKD, post-transplantation renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular pathophysiology associated with or induced by reduced kidney function and renal replacement treatment. The ultimate goal is to use MRI as a non-invasive and non-contrast enhanced tool to facilitate the diagnosis and prognosis of renal dysfunction and associated diseases, and to assess the efficacy of therapeutic interventions, and monitor disease progress across time. 