 Likewise, hypertension HTN also constitutes a major public health problem globally, and its prevalence is set to increase owing to widespread population ageing. This epidemiological trend is especially prevalent in rapidly developing countries where early routine screening at any point of health care is underutilized among risk subjects, due to several perceived barriers. Moreover, HTN awareness is critical for optimal BP control since under-diagnosis, under-treatment andor un-treatment of high BP levels can have deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. In addition, HTN is the single most important risk factor for cerebrovascular stroke, and it has been clearly demonstrated that it is also associated with structural and functional changes in the myocardium that favor the development of AF, further increasing the risk of thromboembolism. Among those alterations, left ventricular hypertrophy LVH, impaired ventricular filling, left atrial enlargement and slowing of atrial conduction velocity have been identified as important heralds of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. More specifically, since HTN and AF are two conditions that often co-exist, especially in patients with advanced age, the risk for considerable morbidity and mortality is increased even more, which points towards the significance that optimal BP control holds in the prevention of cardiovascular events. To our knowledge, in the Framingham Heart Study, after controlling for age and other predisposing conditions, HTN and diabetes emerged as the only cardiovascular risk factors predicting AF. 