 The investigators have developed a rapid diagnostic tool for bacterial vaginosis using molecular biology based on a point of care model and obtained a patent European Patent Office N 2087134. In comparison with the reference techniques, our tools performance has been excellent, in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and positive and negative predictive values. In particular, our work showed that 57 of the flora samples rated as intermediate on the Nugent score were in reality true bacterial vaginosis. Molecular biology therefore identifies a homogeneous population of women with vaginal flora anomalies. The investigators recently showed that the carriage of Atopobium vaginae andor Gardnerella vaginalis 105mL shortens the time to delivery in a population at risk of preterm delivery PHRC 2006. Vaginal flora anomalies are therefore an important target for preventing preterm delivery. 