 A randomized controlled experimental design will be used, in which infants who survive following birth asphyxia are randomly assigned to either EI or enhanced health education counseling HC. The trial will randomize infants to a home-based parent-provided early developmental intervention EI with frequent home interaction between parents and parent trainers vs. HC. A group of infants without birth asphyxia or other major perinatal complications also will be randomized. Children will be examined by masked examiners at three time points 12, 24, and 36 months assessments. 