 The usual therapeutic approaches of early hepatocellular carcinoma HCC are partial hepatectomy or percutaneous ethanol injection. However, these therapeutic procedures do not suppress the cirrhotic liver tissue which represents a major risk factor for recurrence andor occurrence of a second tumor in the liver. Recently, it has been shown that intra-arterial radioactive lipiodol Lipiocis could reduce the recurrence of cancer and increase the survival after resection of HCC developed on cirrhosis B. The aim of the present randomized and multicenter trial is to investigate the effect of iodine-131-labelled lipiodol 131I-lipiodol Lipiocis in preventing recurrence after curative treatment of HCC hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with viral or alcoholic hepatitis related cirrhosis by surgical or percutaneous ablation. The period of this study will be 3 years including 1 year for the enrollment and 2 years for the follow-up. Fifty patients will receive one 2200 MBq dose of Lipiocis and 50 patients will not be treated by Lipiocis control group. The intra-arterial hepatic administration of Lipiocis will occur 11 to 12 weeks after the initial curative treatment. 