 For all of the approaches an attempt was made to collect information from a societal point of view so that all costs could be included irrespective of who pays for them. The approaches incurred costs falling into three main categories: patient related costs, supplier costs and health facility based costs. Patient related costs due to malaria illness in pregnancy was collected as part of the overall intervention study. A questionnaire was developed to capture costs borne by the pregnant women and the families as a result of malaria related morbidity e.g. number of visits to health centres and hospitals to seek ANC as well as treatment for malaria illnesses, transport costs, transport time, number of SP pills consumed, time lost by the pregnant woman due to malaria illness and time lost by family members to provide care. The questionnaire was administered to all women immediately after birth. Supplier costs referred to the costs of enabling TBAs, DSVs, CHRWs and APMs to distribute SP e.g. training costs of suppliers as well as delivery costs. Interviews with TBAs, CRHWs and APMs were conducted to assess time spent on average per week distributing SP. The total number of SP tablets distributed was recorded. Regarding health facility based costs, the patient questionnaire identified the average number of health facility visits per pregnant woman for ANC and malaria related morbidity. Two hospitals and six health centres were randomly selected from the study areas and visited to collect the relevant costing information. Bottom-up costing was used to estimate the costs of patient specific inputs such as drugs prescribed and laboratory tests taken for individual patients. This was done in the hospital through a review of a sample of malaria patient notes and in health centres through examination of a sample of OPD cards for malaria patients. All remaining costs were determined utilizing standard step-down costing. As the main measures of effect, the number of low birth weight babies per pregnancy avoided and the number of anaemic women per pregnancy avoided was used. 