 All patients will be permitted to weight bear as tolerated post-operatively and deep vein thrombosis DVT prophylaxis will be standardized: subcutaneous heparin, 5000 units every 8 hours beginning upon admission until 12 hours prior to surgery and beginning 6 hours after surgery for a total of 6 weeks. Calf mechanical compression devices will also be utilized during the inpatient stay and will remain on at all times with the exception of physical therapy sessions. Diagnostic studies to assess for thromboembolic events i.e. DVT, pulmonary embolism PE, and stroke will be ordered only if the patient develops clinical signs or symptoms that justify their use. Patients will be followed at regular intervals 6wk, 3mo, 6mo, 1 year and at each time point the patient will be asked to report any adverse events DVT, PT, Stroke, myocardial infarction, infection, hospitalization that have occurred since their last visit. In cases where patients are unable to accurately report their medical history, care providers will be questioned and records will be obtained from care facilities if necessary. An attempt will be made to contact any patient who is lost to follow-up via telephone and U.S. Mail. 