 In either the image guided therapy operating room MPOR or in the routine operating room at Toronto General Hospital the patient will be put under general anaesthesia.. A needle core biopsy will be taken from the lesion and sent to pathology for routine examination to ensure that an accurate diagnosis can be made if the subsequent thermal therapy alters the appearance of the tissue. A hydro-dissection technique is then applied to ensure surrounding structures are protected from thermal injury, which acts as a thermal blanket around the kidney. 