 The result of several observational and interventional studies indicate that hyperglycemia is associated with poor hospital outcomes including prolonged hospital stay, infections, disability after hospital discharge, and death , and that improvement in outcomes can be achieved with improved glycemic control in patients with critical and surgical illness. Although there are still no proven mechanisms to explain the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia, there are increasing efforts worldwide to improve and maintain strict glycemic control in subjects with critical illness. 