 By the end of 2005, approximately 2.3 million children worldwide were living with HIVAIDS.1 At least 660,000 children worldwide have advanced HIVAIDS and are in dire need of antiretroviral treatment. While many barriers exist to scaling up HIVAIDS care and treatment globally, access to life-saving treatments for children is increasing. The protease inhibitor, lopinavirritonavir Kaletra, is recommended as a first-line agent by the World Health Organization and by the US Department of Health and Human Services for the treatment of pediatric patients in resource-limited settings and in the United States. 