 Demographic fields that will be obtained preoperatively include age, race, gender, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists score for comorbidity assessment, body mass index BMI, and prior stone disease. Disease fields that will be obtained include stone size maximal axial and coronal dimensions, degree of hydronephrosis mildmoderatesevere, and history of diabetes mellitus, history of cardiac disease, hypertension, prior urinary tract infection, history of bowel diversion, or neurogenic bladder. 