 Administering NDCs that promote the production of propionate is an attractive way to increase the level of propionate over an extended period of time. However, due to variability of the gut microbita activity, administering high proportions 35gd of dietary fibres in human diets to increase colonic propionate does not reliably or predictably provide the same SCFA levels in colon or systemically Cummings 1981. Oral propionate supplementation is another method, but unfortunately its short plasma half-life, poor palatability, and the fact that its main absorption happens in the small intestine limit its use as a food supplement Frost et al. 2003. 