 Protease inhibitors block viral protease, as well as various other cell enzymes : ZMPSTE24 cliping off prelamin A into mature lamin A ; at least one of the Golgi proteases involved in the release of SREBP, controlling the transcription of lipid metabolism regulating genes ; mitochondrial proteases involved in the importation and further maturation of nuclear genome encoded proteins ; proteasome regulating the transcription of several genes through NF-B ; P450 cytochromes. Nucleosides inhibitors of the viral reverse transcriptase exhibit nuclear and mitochondrial DNA toxicity, disrupt lipid and protein glycosylation and inhibit telomerase. Therefore antiretroviral therapies target several pathways involved in accelerated or normal aging. Their combined effects are added to viral infection direct symptoms or to cell abnormalities induced by viral proteins. 