 4. Impaired glucose tolerance IGT or type 2 diabetes and fat redistribution. IGT is defined as: fasting 8hr plasma glucose 100-126mgdL or plasma glucose 140 mgdL 2-hours after a 75g-oral glucose load. This definition proposedrevised May 2006 includes volunteers with adult onset type 2 diabetes non-insulin dependent diabetes, because we believe that these volunteers may benefit from the potential glucose-lowering actions of pioglitazone with or without exercise training. Fat redistribution is defined as any 2 of the following: waist-to-hip ratio 0.85 women or 0.95 men, or trunkappendicular adipose ratio using whole-body DEXA 0.85 women or 1.3 men, or 15 leg fat DEXA; leg fattotal body fat x100, or visceral adiposity VAT 120 cm2 women or 140 cm2 men, or a VATTAT ratio 0.30 women or 0.40 men. Overall, the eligibility criteria are designed to include subjects with metabolic syndromes that increase CVD risk, and the potential to gain the greatest benefit from pioglitazone and exercise training. These inclusion criteria will help selectmaintain homogeneous groups of study participants. 