 Atrial fibrillation AF confers a substantial risk of mortality and morbidity from stroke and thromboembolism, and this common cardiac arrhythmia represents a major healthcare burden in Europe. Stroke prevention is central to the management of AF patients, with oral anticoagulation OAC using well-controlled adjusted dose vitamin K antagonists or novel OACs being recommended for patients with AF with 1 stroke risk factors. Also, the 2012 focused update of the ESC guidelines strongly advocates a clinical practice shift so that the initial decision step now is the identification of truly low risk patients, essentially those age65 without any stroke risk factors both male and female, who do not need any antithrombotic therapy. The ESC guidelines only recommend use of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for stroke risk assessment, and the low risk patients are defined as those with a CHA2DS2-VASc score0 males or score1 females. Subsequent to this initial step of identifying the low risk patients, effective stroke prevention which is essentially OAC can then be offered to AF patients with 1 stroke risk factors, with treatment decisions made in consultation with patients and incorporating their preferences. Despite these recommendations, a substantial number of patients with AF is not treated with OAC. On the other hand, patients with AF and low risk are being overtreated, receiving OAC despite a CHADS-VASc score of 0. Therefore, this registry will determine, if patients with non-valvular AF are treated ac-cording to current guidelines. 