 The following data will be collected every 6 months during follow up visits for both groups; anthropometric indices of obesity such as measurements of weight, height for BMI calculation, waist circumference, hip circumference, skin fold thickness and mid-arm circumference, survival rate, morbidity events such as cardiovascular or cerbrovascular events, diabetes and hypertension. For the control group, anthropometric measures will be obtained from them when they return for their routine clinic visits. Midarm circumference and triceps skin fold thickness will be measured to the nearest 1 cm, on the left arm midway between the tip of the acromion and the tip of olecranon. Skinfold thicknesses will be measured at triceps Oppert et al. 2002. Waist circumference will be measured midway between iliac crest and lowest rib margin, and hip circumference at the level of the greater trochanters Han et al. 2001. 