 In this context, tianeptine stands out as a therapeutic agent with unique properties, which match most of the conditions found in BD. The neurochemical properties of tianeptine vary from those of other tricyclic and non-tricyclic antidepressants. Noteworthy, none of current available medications for BD showed all these features: 1 tianeptine exert opposite effects than chronic stress in neurons, increasing neuroprotective factors what may help to quench the cycle of affective episode recurrence and neural and deterioration; 2 tianeptine affects neuroplasticity in the hippocampus and have been reported to increase dendritic lengths; 3 tianeptine increases BDNF levels in the amygdala; 4 tianeptine attenuated stress-induced glutamate release in amygdala; 5 tianeptine has anticonvulsant properties via adenosinergic A1 receptors; 6 tianeptine has analgesic effects. 