 There is a tremendous unmet need for accessible treatments that address core symptoms of ASD and are safe for sustained use. The Study of Oxytocin in ASD to improve Reciprocal Social Behaviors or SOARS-B will test a very promising potential treatmentintranasal oxytocinfor ASDs fundamental social communication deficits in a large, group of verbal and nonverbal children. SOARS-B will also provide information about the regulation of DNA methylation and transcription of the oxytocin receptor gene OXTR, as well as other genes relevant to oxytocins CNS activity, as a function of time and in response to oxytocin treatment. These data will fill a key gap in our understanding of oxytocins role in ASD and its ability to alter epigenetic modifications of the OXTR. 