 Our specific aims are to evaluate, in the setup of acute whiplash injury, the risk of transition to chronic pain based on each of the following testing domains: i Psychophysical and neurophysiological data describing facilitatory and inhibitory modulation capacity of the patient. ii Psychological data describing patients behavior such as catastrophyzing, fear of pain, post-traumatic stress and depressed mood. iii Structural and functional neuro-imaging data describing brain anatomy and function, where we assess resting state MRI activity, grey matter properties using T1 weighted imaging, and white matter properties using diffusion tensor imaging. iv Genetic data describing the genetic epidemiology of every patient for the examination of genetic variants associated with transition to chronic pain, and v individual case data related to age, gender, education, socioeconomic parameters and personal medical history, as well as features of the specific injury. Overall, we aim to construct a composite scoring system, based on the most relevant of the above mentioned parameters, yielding the highest relative predictive value in identifying acute pain patients who have higher risk for chronification. 