 People who are hospitalized for acute respiratory failure are typically supported on mechanical ventilation, which delivers oxygen and a continuous level of pressure to the damaged lungs. Over 90 of infants and children supported on mechanical ventilation receive some form of sedation medication, which helps keep them safe, calm, and comfortable. Unfortunately, the use of sedation medications may prolong the duration of mechanical ventilation, which can lead to an increased risk for pneumonia and other complications. 