 Despite significant improvements in understanding of the pathophysiology of Diamond Blackfan anemia DBA, there have been few advances in therapy. The cornerstones of treatment remain corticosteroids,chronic red blood cell transfusions, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, each of which is fraught with complications. Other treatments have been shown to be effective in only a few patients or in individual case reports : IL-3, cyclosporine alone or in combination with steroids, metaclopramide. Gene therapy is still a part of research programs. 