 Butyrate has been shown to induce antimicrobial peptides in the colon; however; it cant be administered orally as such. Moreover, most of the acute diarrhoeal diseases are caused by infection of the small intestine. Isoleucine, an essential amino acid, might be a reasonable alternative for enhancing secretion of antimicrobial peptides from the paneth cells and other defense molecules from the upper small intestine Manuscript, Ashida T M Zasloff et al. This may help clear the pathogens, shift gut flora to a more normal commensal species distribution, and enhance recovery from infectious diarrhoea. Therefore, we hypothesize that use of L-isoleucine supplemented ORS solution will induce antimicrobial peptides and enhance clinical recovery of children with acute watery diarrhoea. 