 All patients enrolled in the registry will be recipients of single and double lung transplantation bilateral sequential, heart-lung, or living related donor grafts. During the routine management of lung recipients frequent surveillance of the lung allograft is necessary. This routinely involves: measurement of pulmonary functions, chest radiography, collection of peripheral blood to assess other organ function and monitor therapeutic drug levels, and bronchoscopic evaluation allowing for collection of lung lavage fluid and lung tissue biopsy. This surveillance normally follows a set schedule during the first one to two years following the transplant procedure. Surveillance is routinely performed at weeks 2, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 52 during the first year following the transplant procedure. Additional surveillance may be performed at any time when clinically indicated for the optimal management of the recipient. Information and specimens collected from each of these encounters will be entered in the data registry and specimen repository. 