 Polyphenol could represent a novel therapeutic strategy to counteract atherosclerosis. During the last decades, a growing interest in polyphenols resulted from prospective and epidemiological studies that showed the beneficial effects of these substances on human health. In particular, polyphenols exert their beneficial effect by inhibition of NADPH oxidase NOX2, an enzyme directly involved in atherosclerosis; thus, the activation of this enzyme leads to an enhanced production of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. 