 Design and Methods: The study will be conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at University Hospital, San Antonio, TX. Randomization to either the experimental group no-heparin or the standard medical group with heparin will occur once parental consent is obtained and prior to PICC insertion. PICC placement will be done by the PICC certified neonatal nurses. Correct placement of the PICC will be assured by radiography which is standard procedure. 