 The role of adenotonsillectomy AT in improving the 7-month neurocognitive, behavioral and health outcomes of children with frank obstructive sleep apnea OSA was recently addressed in the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial CHAT. The results of this rigorous, multicenter, randomized controlled trial provided critically important data indicating that adenotonsillectomy compared to watchful waiting resulted in improved behavior, quality of life, sleep-disordered breathing SDB symptoms and polysomnographic parameters. 