 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The research proposal was be submitted to the Ethics Committee in Denmark and the Uganda National Council of Science and Technology for approval. Informed consent verbal was obtained from all pregnant women participating in the intervention. Consent was obtained from community leaders, women and opinion leaders. Sterile needles and syringes were used to draw blood. The women were informed about laboratory examination results. Women received explanations on the following issues: advantages and disadvantages of the intervention; and possible adverse effects with use of SP in pregnancy. An explanation was given to the women that they were free to withdraw from the epidemiological study any time and they had access to SP if they wished. All malaria cases and other diseases that arose during pregnancy were treated and referral of complicated cases made. 