 In addition, premedication may be given to 50 of patients nationally, but it is not popular among parents 11,18. If the majority of practitioners do not use parental presence at induction, preoperative education programs are not yet in widespread use and half of patients are not premedicated, that leaves a significant portion of the population with little intervention for the time of separation and for time of induction of anesthesia. Finding an economical, efficient means to help decrease anxiety without high doses of premedication would be quite appealing. 