 Due to the restraints in the size and structure of the imaging equipment, the use of OCT in the operating room has been limited. More recently, modifications to OCT table-tops models as well as the development of hand-held OCT probes have allowed for the translation of OCT technology into the operating room. The high resolution anatomic information that is gained from the OCT imaging is a natural complement to the ophthalmic surgeon. Using OCT during vitreoretinal surgery has revealed subtle changes in the microarchitecture of the retinal diseases such as retinal detachment, macular hole and optic pit, that were not previously known. Our research team has been examining intraoperative OCT in the operating room using both a handheld and microscope-mounted portable spectral domain OCT probe with excellent success and an outstanding safety record. 