 Depression is a devastating illness that is estimated to affect 12 to 17 of the population at some point during the lifetime of an individual. Despite the availability of a wide range of antidepressant drugs, 30 to 40 of patients with major depression fail to respond to first-line antidepressant e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs treatment, despite adequate dosage, duration, and compliance. Thus there is a clear need to develop novel and improved therapeutics for major depression. Current pathophysiological theories regarding the neurobiology of depression include alterations in intracellular signaling cascades, and impairments of cellular plasticity and resilience. There is recent evidence suggesting that promoting growth factors such as brain derived neurotrophic factor BDNF may provide a mechanism for the treatment of depression. New information indicating modulation of glutamate receptors in the actions of antidepressant treatments suggests a novel approach to develop a new class of antidepressants. Studies have shown that the biarylpropylsulfonamide AMPA 2-amino-3-5-methyl-3-oxo-1,2-oxazol-4-yl propanoic acid receptor potentiators LY392098 and LY451616 have antidepressant effects in animal models of depression. Several studies have demonstrated that AMPA receptor activation can increase expression of BDNF both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, one possible new approach for the treatment of depression is to use an AMPA receptor potentiator. 